Semantische Standards in der Öffentlichen Verwaltung in Europa

Nikolaos Loutas, Stijn GoedertierPwC EU Services

Semantic interoperability a roadblock to the realisation of the European Single

MarketSemantic standards and how can they help you e-Government Core Vocabularies DCAT Application Profile for Data Portals in Europe The Asset Description Metadata Schema Finding semantic standards on the European Federated

Interoperability RepositoryReusing semantic standardsYour feedback & questions

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What is this talk about?

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Semantic standards are commonly-agreed structural metadata, e.g. data models and reference data.

What is a semantic standard?

See also: V. Peristeras. Semantic Standards: Preventing Waste in the Information Industry, IEEE Intelligent Systems, July-Aug. 2013 (vol. 28 no. 4) pp. 72-75http://www.computer.org/csdl/mags/ex/2013/04/mex2013040072-abs.html

Semantic Interoperability

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What is semantic interoperability?

Semantic interoperability is the ability of organisations to process information from external sources in a meaningful manner, such that the precise meaning of exchanged information is understood and preserved throughout exchanges between parties.

A plant

A plant

Source: European Interoperability Framework http://ec.europa.eu/isa/documents/isa_annex_ii_eif_en.pdf

Semantic interoperability requires consensus on semantic standards for information exchange.

Semantic interoperability is fostered by the sharing and reuse of semantic standards.

Sharing and reuse of semantic standards reduces the cost of information exchange across borders and organisations.

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Facts

Semantic standards of the ISA Programme

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In the context of Action 1.1 on improving semantic interoperability in European eGovernment systems (SEMIC), the ISA Programme has initiated the development of: The e-Government Core Vocabularies The DCAT Application Profile for data portals in Europe

(DCAT-AP) The Asset Description Metadata Schema (ADMS)

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The ISA Programme on semantic standards

Visit us at http://semic.eu

All semantic standards developed by the ISA Programme were developed following a consensus building process:•Involving international Working Groups of experts;• Following a formal open process and methodology – based

on the one followed by the W3C. •Foreseeing public review periods•Re-using existing standards

Core Person, Core Location, the Registered Organization Vocabulary and ADMS were initially developed by the ISA Programme and have now been taken over by W3C – discussed in the late W3C GLD.

Source: https://joinup.ec.europa.eu/node/43160

Building agreements

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Simplified, re-usable, and extensible data models that capture the fundamental characteristics of a data entity in a context-neutral fashion.

COREVOCABULARY

PUBLICSERVICE

Source: https://joinup.ec.europa.eu/node/43160Slide 10

The e-Government Core Vocabularies

3 generic use cases1. Harmonised access to base

registers (basic public service)2. Interoperable cross-border

public services (aggregate public service)

3. Interoperability of public data: making it easier to mash up public data

Slide 11Source: http://ec.europa.eu/isa/documents/isa_annex_ii_eif_en.pdf

3 representation formats

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RDF schema

Re-uses existing RDF vocabularies

ISA Open Metadata Licence v1.1IPR

Re-uses Core Components Technical Specification (CCTS) and UBL NDR

XML schema

Conceptual modelRe-uses existing concepts in CCL, INSPIRE, etc.

Maintained by W3C (Government Linked Data Working Group)

The e-Government Core Vocabularies

• A common vocabulary for describing datasets hosted in data portals in Europe, based on the Data Catalogue vocabulary (DCAT).

• It enables cross-portal search for datasets. • As an application profile of DCAT, the DCAT-AP

• Defines mandatory, recommended an optional classes and properties

• Recommends a number of controlled vocabularies for assinging values to properties, e.g. Eurovoc for dcat:theme.

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The DCAT-AP

Source:https://joinup.ec.europa.eu/asset/dcat_application_profile/descriptionSee also: http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/REC-vocab-dcat-20140116/

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The DCAT-AP facilitating the development of the pan-European data portal

The DCAT-AP

• A common vocabulary for representing semantic standards

• ADMS allows public administrations, businesses, standardisation bodies and academia to:• describe semantic standards in a common way so that they

can be seamlessly cross-queried and discovered by developers  from a single access point;

• keep their own system for documenting and storing semantic standards and still be interoperable with others;

• improve indexing and visibility of their own standards;• link semantic standards to one another in cross-border and

cross-sector settings.• ADMS evolved into a W3C Working Group note

based on DCAT.Slide 15

ADMS

The European Federated Interoperability Repository - capitalising on an ADMS-based collection of metadata of interoperability solutions (including semantic standards).

EXPLOREFINDIDENTIFYSELECTOBTAIN

FEDERATION

With common metadata schema

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ASSET DESCRIPTION METADATA SCHEMA

ADMS

ASSET DESCRIPTION METADATA SCHEMA

ADMS

ASSET DESCRIPTION METADATA SCHEMA

ADMS

ASSET DESCRIPTION METADATA SCHEMA

ADMS

ASSET DESCRIPTION METADATA SCHEMA

ADMS

ASSET DESCRIPTION METADATA SCHEMA

ADMS

The EFIR

Share & reuse semantic standards on EFIR

The EFIR

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• INSPIRE data specifications• Eurovoc• Named Authority Lists• ESCO

• Discover more on EFIR! https://joinup.ec.europa.eu/catalogue/all

Other EC-driven semantic standards

Reusing semantic standards

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Re-use by extension: 3 levels of abstraction

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e-Documents Linked Data,e-Documents (?) e-Documents

domain models

domain vocabularies

domain schemas

Core level

Message level

Domain level

RDFS /OWL

XML Schema

Core Vocabularies

representation techniques

…

Leve

ls of

abs

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ion

UMLmodel

Reusing semantic standards

Example of reuse by extension: defining Patient as a subclass of Core Person

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class Healthcare Domain

Core Vocabularies::Identifier

dateOfIssue :dateTime [0..1]identifier :string [1..1]identifierType :string [0..1]issuingAuthority :string [0..1]issuingAuthorityUri :URI [0..1]

Core Vocabularies::Person

alternativeName :stringbirthName :stringdateOfBirth :dateTimedateOfDeath :dateTimefamilyName :stringfullName :stringgender :codegivenName :stringpatronymicName :string

Core Vocabularies::Location

geographicIdentifier :URIgeographicName :string

Patient

bloodType :code

Allergy

allergensintollerancereaction

Health Problem

symptom

Core Vocabularies::Address

addressArea :stringaddressID :stringadminUnitL1 :stringadminUnitL2 :stringfullAddress :stringlocatorDesignator :stringlocatorName :stringpoBox :stringpostCode :stringpostName :stringthoroughfare :string

Core Vocabularies::Geometry

lat :stringlong :stringwkt :stringxmlGeometry :XML

Social Security Number

«enumeration»Sex

F = femaleM = maleT = totalUNK = unknownNAP = not applicable

notes(EuroStat Standard Code List)

hasAllergy

address

identifies

hasProblem

geometry

placeOfDeath

countryOfDeath

placeOfBirth

countryOfBirth

identifier

identifier

Example of reuse

OSLO: Open Standards for Local Administrations• Putting the core

vocabularies into a local context – in Flanders, Belgium.

• Local administrations need locally enriched data models and data.

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Example of reuse

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http://health.testproject.eu/PPP/

http://location.testproject.eu/BEL/

http://cpsv.testproject.eu/CPSV/

The ISA LOGD pilots

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• Aims to improve the visibility and facilitate the access to datasets published on governmental Open Data portals in order to increase their reuse within and across borders by providing a single point of access to metadata descriptions of datasets homogenised using the DCAT-AP.

• Visits us at opendatasupport.eu• Benefit from our online training

service on Linked Open Government Data at training.opendatasupport.eu

Open Data Support

ODIPPan-European

Data portal

DATASUPPORTOPEN

Conclusions

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Public administrations should become aware that semantic standards are an important asset for eGovernment systems development.

Public administrations should identify and document semantic standards with reuse potential for developing eGovernment systems.

Public administrations should make their semantic standards open for reuse.

Public administrations should provide their semantic standards both in human and machine-readable formats.

Conclusions

Whenever possible, definitions of semantic standards should reuse existing specifications to avoid duplication of work and overlaps.

For example, we showed how the e-Government Core Vocabularies can used in many different contexts.

• They can easily be extended and integrated with other vocabularies.

• They can be adapted to your needs and context.• The can be used both in an XML and an RDF world.

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Conclusions

Vielen Dank!...und jetzt ihre Fragen…

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Join SEMIC group on LinkedIn

Follow @SEMICeu on Twitter

Join SEMIC community on Joinup

Project Officer: Vassilios.Peristeras@ec.europa.eu

PwC EU Services: Stijn.Goedertier@be.pwc.com & Nikolaos.Loutas@be.pwc.com

Get involvedVisit our initiativesSOFTWARE FORGESCOMMUNITY

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SEMIC 2014