Senior Seminar Fall 2008ISP 4860

Section 003 (Bowen)

Class 7, October 15Course web site: www.is.wayne.edu/drbowen/SenSemF08

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 2

Agenda

• Pictures• New on course website• Late / returned / future assignments• Content:

The credit crunch Water

• Writing Planning for Chapters 2 and 3 Grammar

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 3

New Course resources

• www.is.wayne.edu/drbowen/SenSemF08 Under “Other sites of interest” – links to:

• New articles on water

• Moodle Forum topic on searching – place to leave

(and get) tips, suggestions, etc. How to upload your picture in News Forum

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 4

WSU Conference of Interest• Free WSU conference on Climate Change

and Southeastern Michigan

• 8:45 AM – 4 PM Tuesday October 21 in Bernath Auditorium in UGL

• Ecosystems, agriculture, auto industry and social issues

• RSVP in email

• More information at http://

research.wayne.edu/internaldocs/Climate_Change_SE_MI.pdf

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 5

Assignments Coming Up• Due last week

List of references• In a word processing file, turned in via Moodle

PLUS (new) Paper Planner for Draft of Chapter 1

• Copy of Section Planner passed out last week, or go to the course website if you missed this

• Bring a paper copy of this to class – do not turn in via Moodle

• Tonight: draft of Chapter 1 (overview) Word processing file turned in via Moodle Also turn in Section Planner, in class

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 6

Assignments Coming Up

• October 22: drafts of Chapter 2 (status in your area of focus) Chapter 3 (trends in your area of focus) Both are word processing files turned in via

Moodle

• October 29: revised Chapter 1 I should have it returned with comments by

October 22 (grade?) Further revisions possible up until 12/3

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 7

Research portfolio

• Self-assessment will be repeated two more times during semester 10/29 12/3

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 8

Late Assignments

• Still someone without a Moodle account: Cardale Patterson.

• 14 lists of references turned by 10/15 at 3 PM.

• 3 Chapter 1 drafts turned in by this time.• Reminder – a component of the course

grade comes for getting assignments in on time

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 9

Lists of References

• Most references look good. Some that I have questions about – noted in

feedback.

• MLA name is “Works Cited” (without the quotes)

• Some have very incomplete bibliographic information. See The Everyday Writer or the MLA website on the course website..

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 10

Credit Crunch

• Buying toxic assets was taking too long• Also inefficient use of funds – banks lost

something of value – the assets• Following England, buy stake directly in

bank. Get dividends, and can sell share back Also, guarantee loans

• Still have recession, may need stimulus Need consumption, most of last stimulus was

saved, not spent (80 – 90%)

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 11

Recession?

• Economic cutbacks being reported today from consumer cutbacks: Coke (also environmental concerns – people

not wanting to put water bottles in landfills) Hospitals – delaying projects Nascar - ~½ of teams without 2009 contracts Restaurants – adding cheaper dishes Consumer electronics – look for low prices Autos (today: GMAC to require excellent

credit rating for auto and truck loans – 700+)

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 12

Economy in Election

• Candidate’s plans to deal with recession McCain – relief to upper-income with idea that

they will invest in corporations which will create jobs

Obama – direct relief to consumers

• Democrats: another economic stimulus package

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 13

Planning Chapters 2 and 3

• Do you want to repeat what we did last week for Chapters 2 and 3?

• This time – report for each group One to three sentences for each person

describing their approach

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 14

Research: People with same topic

Disease Kimberley, Patricia

Ecosystem Services Abdullah, Daralene, Androme

Energy Minyon, Scott, Gina

Food Meredith, Chemika, Martha, Louise, Yvonne

Population Jacob, Willie

Water Judith, Michael

Sustainability Connie, Valerie (consumption)

Go with group that interests you

Cardale

People with the same topic discuss and report.

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 15

Approaches to Solutions:Supply or Demand?

Area Increase Supply Reduce Demand

Food & fish

GMOs (agriculture)

Fish farming

Eat lower on food chain

Water Purification, desalination

More efficient agriculture, recycling

Energy Biofuels, nuclear, drill

Efficiency

• Solutions often offered as either-or• Must be smart about increasing supply

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 16

Approaches to Solutions:Supply or Demand?Increase Supply Reduce Demand

Pro Cannot be sure of cutting demand enough

Could make present supply sufficient, even reduce it, better for ecosystem

Con Expensive, hard for poorest to adopt , may harm ecosystem

May be a hard sell

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 17

Approaches to Solutions:Supply or Demand?

• If neither approach can be guaranteed, is it prudent to have both in hand?

• Can we find another path to prosperity besides “stuff”? E.g. “virtual stuff”? Base needs: water, food, air

• “Virtual stuff” even here, especially for food – make “lower on the food chain” eat like “higher on the food chain”

• Even some helps Other needs could be more virtual if done well

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 18

Food Supply• Biggest need for more food will come from

prosperity, if this leads to “eating higher on the food chain/web.” Factory farms generate large amounts of

animal waste, can be an environmental and aesthetic hazard

• Climate Change can disrupt agriculture• HIV/AIDS disrupting populations, killing

adults• Education needed to apply modern

methods

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 19

Water

• How we consume water: Domestic – drinking, bathing, sanitation Agricultural – irrigation, animals Industrial, including electricity

• Not equally distributed A few countries have most of the fresh water Asia – 60% of population, 30% of fresh water Conflicts if river, lake shared

• Many people do not have adequate access Water-borne diseases – often preventable

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 20

Water Use by Sector

Region Agriculture Industry Domestic

Developing countries

81% 11% 8%

Industrial countries

46% 41% 13%

World 70% 20% 10%

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 21

Water

• Water supply today characterized by large infrastructure projects Dams Aqueducts (enclosed) and canals (open, evap) Water and sewage plants Displaced people

• In US, many smaller flood-control dams without efficient generators being torn down

• Water heavy, bulky, expensive to transport

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 22

Sources with Problems

• Rivers without flow into ocean Colorado, Nile, Yellow, others

• Disappearing lakes Lake Chad (Africa), Aral Sea (Asia), Sea of

Galilee, Dead Sea• Overpumping of aquifers (what feeds

wells), unsustainable• Loss of habitat

River beds Wetlands

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 23

Water Scarcity

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 24

Water

• Often a source of international conflict Middle East

• Some degree of water scarcity: Today, 40% of world population needs more

water 2025 – over 75% estimated to need more

water• Much growth in poor cities already short of water

• Much water is wasted – evaporation, leakage from pipes: 45%

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 25

Water Conflicts

• Fewer than might be expected

• Farmers Vs Cities Connection between water and food

• Upstream Vs Downstream

• Example: Israel/Palestine Israel 2x population but 7x water

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 26

Goals and Challenges

• UN goal to reduce by half by 2105 the population without adequate access Not on target

• Problems with this goal: Regional & international water conflicts Unsustainable groundwater use Climate Change Declining ability to monitor water use Long lead times, uncertain projections Much population growth in poor cities with

unsustainable water use already

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 27

Possible New Approaches

• Focus on basic human needs

• Pricing to encourage efficient sustainable use Low/no water use in sanitation Efficient industry Drip agriculture, furrows to slow runoff

• Recycling – suit quality to use

• Include all stakeholders in planning

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 28

US Water Productivity

SOP, Pg 66

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 29

Recycling - Suiting Quality to Use

• Potable (drinkable) is highest quality

• Now, all water is potable

• Could use bathwater for watering lawn or flushing

• Can be done industrially also

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 30

Water and …

• Water and Food• Water and Global Warming• Water and Population• Water and Development• Water and Ecosystem• Water and Disease• Water and Urbanization• Water and Sustainability

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 31

Writing:Words That Sound the Same

• More words that sound alike: perspective Vs prospective dual Vs duel conscience Vs conscious do Vs due verses Vs versus site Vs sight who's Vs whose feat Vs feet read Vs reed vary Vs very rigor Vs rigger

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 32

Writing:Explanations

• If you explain a term, name or acronym, do this the first time you use it. Examples: A term not in common use, such as Battery

Electric Vehicle Always spell out an acronym If you are going to put the title of a book in the

body of your paper, do this the first time you use it.

If you are going to describe a person, such as Riley, either naming this person as the author of a book, or to describe his/her qualifications

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 33

Writing:Explanations

• Do not assume that your reader knows an uncommon piece of information before you explain it. The explanation comes: Before the use Possibly later in the same sentence At the latest in the very next sentence.

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 34

Writing:Word Choice

• who Vs whom – which one to use?

• Alternate phrasings, to avoid being repetitive: Nouns: [name e.g. Kennedy], author, writer,

authority, expert, precede with “this” Verbs: writes, claims, asserts, points out, tells

us, documents (include an object as in “documents this”)

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 35

Writing:Joining Words

• Two words used as one adjective (modifies a noun or another adjective) are joined with a hyphen (unless the joined form is a word in its own right). Hyphen examples:

• my recently-purchased computer• my just-refurbished home• a wholly-owned car• a highly-regarded authority

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 36

Writing:Joining Words

• Two words used as one adjective (modifies a noun or another adjective) are joined with a hyphen (unless the joined form is a word in its own right). Non-hyphenated examples:

• every day Vs everydayo I do this every dayo … my everyday china …

• no where Vs nowhereo “bridge to nowhere”

10/15/08 Senior Seminar F08, Class 7 37

Small Groups

• Answer questions from cards

• Answer goes on separate paper

• Report is names plus answers

• Done when report is in