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Sensing and Responding to the Environment

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Page 1: Sensing and Responding to the Environment. CB 48.3 Nerves allow us to perceive the environment while the brain integrates the incoming signals to determine

Sensing and Responding to the Environment

Page 2: Sensing and Responding to the Environment. CB 48.3 Nerves allow us to perceive the environment while the brain integrates the incoming signals to determine

CB 48.3

Nerves allow us to perceive the environment while the brain integrates the incoming signals to determine an appropriate response.

Page 3: Sensing and Responding to the Environment. CB 48.3 Nerves allow us to perceive the environment while the brain integrates the incoming signals to determine

CB 48.4Neurons: cells specialized fortransmitting signals

Page 4: Sensing and Responding to the Environment. CB 48.3 Nerves allow us to perceive the environment while the brain integrates the incoming signals to determine

CB 48.14

Neurons are commonly connected to many other neurons, and the effect of the different incoming signals determines what the neuron will do.

Page 5: Sensing and Responding to the Environment. CB 48.3 Nerves allow us to perceive the environment while the brain integrates the incoming signals to determine

The brain and the central nervous system integrate the various incoming signals

CB 49.4

Page 6: Sensing and Responding to the Environment. CB 48.3 Nerves allow us to perceive the environment while the brain integrates the incoming signals to determine

Different regions of the cerebral cortex integrate different inputs/outputs

CB 49.15

Page 7: Sensing and Responding to the Environment. CB 48.3 Nerves allow us to perceive the environment while the brain integrates the incoming signals to determine

CB 49.17

Visualizing the specialization of brain regions

Page 8: Sensing and Responding to the Environment. CB 48.3 Nerves allow us to perceive the environment while the brain integrates the incoming signals to determine

Some body parts have more sensory input/motor control

CB 49.16

Page 9: Sensing and Responding to the Environment. CB 48.3 Nerves allow us to perceive the environment while the brain integrates the incoming signals to determine

CB 48.3

Some responses are to subtle stimuli

Page 10: Sensing and Responding to the Environment. CB 48.3 Nerves allow us to perceive the environment while the brain integrates the incoming signals to determine

Circadian Rhythms: daily patterns set by light(northern flying squirrel)

Page 11: Sensing and Responding to the Environment. CB 48.3 Nerves allow us to perceive the environment while the brain integrates the incoming signals to determine

Today’s video about different human reactions to cool:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XHmM7gJhscU

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XHmM7gJhscU
Page 12: Sensing and Responding to the Environment. CB 48.3 Nerves allow us to perceive the environment while the brain integrates the incoming signals to determine

"The Role of Dreams in the Evolution of the Human Mind" by Michael Franklin and Michael Zyphur in Evolutionary Psychology 2005. 3: 59-78

http://human-nature.com/ep/articles/ep035978.html

Page 13: Sensing and Responding to the Environment. CB 48.3 Nerves allow us to perceive the environment while the brain integrates the incoming signals to determine

Why do we dream?

Random Neural Activity or Rehearsal

Page 14: Sensing and Responding to the Environment. CB 48.3 Nerves allow us to perceive the environment while the brain integrates the incoming signals to determine

Why do we dream?

Dreams are difficult to study because of their

subjectivity

Some are rational while others are

non-sensical

Is there an evolutionary explanation?

Were/are individuals that dream better at

passing on genes?

Page 15: Sensing and Responding to the Environment. CB 48.3 Nerves allow us to perceive the environment while the brain integrates the incoming signals to determine

Why do we dream?

Is there an evolutionary explanation?

Most common in REM

Page 16: Sensing and Responding to the Environment. CB 48.3 Nerves allow us to perceive the environment while the brain integrates the incoming signals to determine

Why do we dream?

Rehearsal, conscious practice activates and

exercises connections.

What about unconscious practice?

Page 17: Sensing and Responding to the Environment. CB 48.3 Nerves allow us to perceive the environment while the brain integrates the incoming signals to determine

Why do we dream?

Common dream subjects are threats and social

interactions.

There is some randomness – randomness gives

broad variability of dreams and generates new

situations

Page 18: Sensing and Responding to the Environment. CB 48.3 Nerves allow us to perceive the environment while the brain integrates the incoming signals to determine

Why do we dream?

Dreams as rehearsal for threats, social

situations, etc.

Practice, conscious and unconscious, can

improve performance, so might give

evolutionary advantage.

Page 19: Sensing and Responding to the Environment. CB 48.3 Nerves allow us to perceive the environment while the brain integrates the incoming signals to determine

Fig 46.1

Nerves allow us to perceive the environment while the brain integrates the incoming signals to determine an appropriate response.

Response

Responses can be release of hormones, change in cell activity, or muscle contraction

Page 20: Sensing and Responding to the Environment. CB 48.3 Nerves allow us to perceive the environment while the brain integrates the incoming signals to determine

Sensing and Responding to the Environment


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