Lecture Notes

Classroom Activity to Accompany Diseases of the Human Body Fifth EditionCarol D. Tamparo Marcia A. Lewis

1The Disease

Process

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All interest in disease and death is only another expression of

interest in life.

—Thomas Mann

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The Disease Process

• Predisposing factors• Heredity• Age• Gender• Environment• Lifestyle

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The Disease Process

• Hereditary diseases• Monogenic disorders• Autosomal dominant• Autosomal recessive• X- or sex-linked• Chromosomal• Multifactorial

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The Disease Process

• Inflammation• Body’s immunologic response to tissue

damage• Infection

• Invasion and multiplication of pathogenic microorganisms

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The Disease Process

• Microorganisms• Fungi• Rickettsiae• Protozoa• Viruses• Bacteria• Parasites

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The Disease Process

• Trauma: an injury or wound caused by external force or violence to the• Head • Chest • Abdominopelvic region• Neck and spine• Extremities

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The Disease Process• Effects of physical and chemical

agents include• Extreme heat and cold• Ionizing radiation• Extremes of atmospheric pressure• Electric shock• Poisoning• Near-drowning• Bites of insects, spiders, snakes• Asphyxiation• Burns

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The Disease Process• Neoplasia: a new and abnormal

formation of tissue• Classified as

• Benign: tumor that does not spread• Malignant: tumor (cancer) that spreads to

other cells, tissues, and body parts

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The Disease Process

• Immune-related factors in disease• Allergy• Anaphylactic shock• Autoimmunity• Immunodeficiency

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The Disease Process

• Nutritional imbalances• Malnutrition• Vitamin and mineral deficiency and

excess• Obesity• Starvation

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The Disease Process

• Other causes of disease• Idiopathic: cause unknown• Iatrogenic: caused by medical

treatments and their effects• Nosocomial: acquired in a hospital or

health-care facility

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The Disease Process• Which term refers to an unknown

cause of disease?1. Nosocomial2. Iatrogenic3. Idiopathic4. Infectious

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Credits

Publisher: Margaret BiblisAcquisitions Editor: Andy McPheeDevelopmental Editors: Yvonne Gillam, Julie MundenBackgrounds: Joseph John Clark, Jr.Production Manager: Sam RondinelliManager of Electronic Product Development: Kirk PedrickElectronic Publishing: Frank MusickThe publisher is not responsible for errors of omission or for consequences from application of information in this presentation, and makes no warranty, expressed or implied, in regard to its content. Any practice described in this presentation should be applied by the reader in accordance with professional standards of care used with regard to the unique circumstances that may apply in each situation.