setting the stage

Setting the StagePreparing to meet the needs of the whole community

July, 2012

Jessica Mitchell July, 2012 2

What is the “Whole Community” Concept? Focus on enabling participation in emergency management

activities from a wider range of players from the private and non profit sectors, as well as a wide range of individual, diverse community members, in conjunction with participation of Federal, state, Tribal and local government partners.

Non-governmental organizations

Private companies

Individual citizens – including those who are often underrepresented or excluded

Agencies that serve individuals who are often underrepresented or excluded


What is an Access or Functional Need? Individuals with needs that can be accommodated with

actions, services, equipment and modifications including physical/architectural, programmatic, and communications modifications.

Some individuals with access and functional needs have legal protections including, but not limited to, the right to freedom from discrimination based on race, color, national origin (including limited English proficiency), sex, familial status, age, disability and economic status.


What is a Disability?

A physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more of the major life activities of the individual

A person who has a record of such an impairment

Someone who is regarded as having such an impairment

Major life activities include (but are not limited to):

• Caring for oneself, talking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning and working

Jessica Mitchell July, 2012

Disability Types Mobility

Cognitive or Intellectual

Mental Health

Hearing

Vision

Speech

Health Maintenance

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Disability Facts 56.4 Million Americans (20% of the population) report having a

disability 12% of all children birth-18 years old 10% of all adults 18-64 38% of all seniors over the age of 65

11 million people over the age of 6 need assistance with activities of daily living

There are 650 million people with disabilities globally

Many individuals have more than one disability

“Hidden disabilities”

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Concepts of Disability Differences in perception of disabilities and access or

functional needs

Medical model

Cultural model

Equal Access and Full Inclusion: not something extra

Universal Access

Many individuals do not identify as being a person with a disability


What are Functional Needs Support Services (FNSS)?Those actions, services, accommodations, and programmatic, architectural, and communication modifications that a covered entity must undertake or provide to afford individuals with disabilities a full and equal opportunity to use and enjoy programs, services, activities, goods, facilities, privileges, advantages, and accommodations in the most integrated setting, in light of the exigent circumstances of the emergency and the legal obligation to undertake advance planning and prepare to meet the disability-related needs of individuals who have disabilities as defined by the ADA Amendments Act of 2008, P.L. 110-325, and those associated with them.

-Department of Justice


Who needs Functional Needs Support Services?

Children and adults requiring FNSS may have:

Physical disabilitiesSensory disabilitiesMental health, cognitive and/or intellectual disabilities

Others who may benefit from FNSS include:

Women in late stages of pregnancySeniorsPeople needing bariatric equipment, transportation or communications assistance.


Applicable Laws Civil Rights Act of 1964, as amended

Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990, as amended

Executive Order 13347: Individuals with Disabilities in Emergency Preparedness

Fair Housing Act of 1968, as amended

Telecommunications Act of 1996, as amended

Post Katrina Emergency Management Reform Act (PKEMRA) of 2006

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Key Principles Self-determination

No “one-size-fits-all”

Equal opportunity

Full inclusion

Integration

Physical access

Equal access

Effective communication

Program modifications

No charge


CMIST Framework for Needs Identification Communication

Maintaining Health

Independence

Safety, Support services and Self Determination

Transportation

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Communication Auxiliary aids and services

Alternate formats

Plain language

Who benefits? People with disabilities that affect communication People with limited English proficiency Everyone in the community

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Maintaining Health Health maintenance needs – can be done at home, with or

without support or equipment

Acute Medical Needs – Needs requiring the support of trained medical professionals

Preventing decomposition

What supports and supplies may be needed? Access to equipment (example: CPAP machine) Access to consumable medical supplies (example:

medication, catheters, dressing) Personal assistance services Specialized nutrition and hydration needs

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Independence Without Functional Needs Support Services, some individuals

may not be able to maintain their independence throughout a disaster and may decompensate, causing them to be placed in more restrictive environments.

What supports and supplies may be needed? Physical/architectural, programmatic or communications

access Access to equipment (example: Wheelchair, communication

devices) Personal assistance services Integrated environments

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Safety, Support Services and Self-Determination Many people know what supports, if any, they need in a certain

situation; however, some may not.

Subject matter expertise

What supports and supplies may be needed? Respect for personal choices Personal Assistance Services Assistance accessing programs Supervision Safety from abuse, neglect and exploitation

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Transportation Who may need assistance?

People who do not drive, do not have a vehicle or rely on public transportation

People who need accessible transportation People who live in areas where roads are blocked or

damaged

What may be needed? Accessible vehicles Transporting equipment or service animals Information in alternate formats or other languages to know

when to evacuate, where to go and what transportation services are available

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Service Delivery Systems Networks of organizations provide services to people with

access and functional needs in the community on a daily basis.

Many fields of service (children, veterans, people with disabilities, seniors, criminal justice, etc)

Services are provided by

Public/governmental agencies

Nonprofit agencies

Private Sector agencies

Associations of individuals, volunteers, family members


Chicago Area Snapshot

People over 65 make up 10.3% of the population

People under 18 years make up 23.1% of the population

Foreign born persons make up 21.1% of the population

People who speak a language other than English at home make up 35.3% of the population

Persons living below the poverty level make up 20.9% of the population

In IL, nearly 1.4 million people over the age of 16 have a disability


Statistical Snapshot

More than 3 million individuals are experiencing homelessness, including 1.3 million children

62% of US households include at least one pet

20-40% of US citizens attend religious services weekly

1 in every 31 American adults is in prison, on probation, or on parole

Over 17,000 people in Illinois live in assisted living facilities

Over 16,500 people in Illinois live in other non-institutionalized group settings


Language Guidance People first language

Avoid terms with very negative connotations

“Uses a wheelchair” vs. “Confined to a wheelchair”

“Has a disability” vs. “Suffers from a disability”

Focus on what the person CAN do

“Uses a communication board” vs. “Non-verbal”

The word “special”

Euphemisms


Contact Information

Jessica MitchellRegional Disability Integration Specialist

FEMA Region V

312-408-5499 (Office)

312-576-2624 (Cell)

[email protected]

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setting the stage

Documents

disability jessica mitchell

excluded jessica mitchell

disability facts56

perception of disabilities

disabilityhidden disabilities

participation of federal

community concept

communication modifications