several examples of passive acoustics contribution to biodiversity study
DESCRIPTION
Several examples of passive acoustics contribution to biodiversity study. C. Gervaise, J. Bonnel , ENSIETA Y. Stephan, SHOM C. Ioana , GIPSA- Lab. Main ideas. Our experience of passive acoustics contribution for biodiversity study - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Several examples of passive acoustics contribution to
biodiversity study
C. Gervaise, J. Bonnel, ENSIETAY. Stephan, SHOM
C. Ioana, GIPSA-Lab
Main ideas
• Our experience of passive acoustics contribution for biodiversity study
• In North East Atlantic Ocean, the English Channel and in Saint Lawrence River
• Some ideas to keep for Mediterranean Sea?
• Some solution for EMSO-LIGURE (Equipex) ?
ENSIETA
• ENSIETA (Ecole Nationale Superieur d’Ingénieurs des Etudes et Techniques de l’Armement), a french superior Engineering school depending on Defense ministry, 600 students, a third are officiers the others are civilians,
• A staff of 150 peoples, 60 are involved in researches in 4 laboratories,– MSN : Mechanics of naval structures,– E3I2 : Signal processing and information merging,– SHI : Humanities for Engineers,– DTN : Development of New Technologies
• Informatics & Electronics,• Oceanic & hydrographic observatory systems
- Gliders- Passive underwater acoustics monitoring
Pour modifier le titre cliquez sur masque de diapositive - 19/02/2008 - 3
Does listening sounds produced by sources of opportunity carry new information about marine environment ? How to exploit theses sounds ?
PAM Passive Acoustics Monitoring – research topic
Our investigation sitesand partners
Rail d’Ouessant160 ships /day
30 common bottlenosedolphins
Benthos in higly anthropogenic area
Saguenay – Saint Lawrence Marine Park,Beluga, Whale Watching
Saint Lawrence4000 ships / semesterBlue, fin, humpback whales
SHOMIUEMPNMIAAMP
UQAR/ISMERMPO
400 common dolphins,At-sea wind turbines, Marine current power.
GECCDREALAgence de l’eau
• Example 1 : can we use passive acoustics to study marine mammals close to a noisy navigation road?
• Example 2: passive acoustics for benthos ethology – biological sentry point of view
• Example 3 : Impact of human activity (Whale Watching) over the Beluga population in Saguenay–St. Lawrence Marine Park
Example 1 : can we use passive acoustics to study marine mammals close to a noisy navigation road?
September to October 2009Continuous recording (fe=32kHz, 16 bit)s
Example 1 : can we use passive acoustics to study marine mammals close to a noisy navigation road?
Simple metric extraction : % of time with vocalizations over a reference time period
Example 1 : can we use passive acoustics to study marine mammals close to a noisy navigation road?
Example 1 : can we use passive acoustics to study marine mammals close to a noisy navigation road?
• Example 1 : can we use passive acoustics to study marine mammals close to a noisy navigation road?
• Example 2: passive acoustics for benthos ethology – biological sentry point of view
• Example 3 : Impact of human activity (Whale Watching) over the Beluga population in Saguenay–St. Lawrence Marine Park
Example 2: passive acoustics for benthos ethology – biological sentry point of view
Seashore ambiant noise contains benthos production
Some benthic organisms can be biological records of environmental
conditions
Can we monitor benthos behaviour just by listening to it?
Is it possible to understand the link between its behaviour and the environmental conditions ?
- emphasis on the biological sentry concept- emphasis on the biological records exploitation
Sounds are produced when the shell open or close => breathing
Example 2: passive acoustics for benthos ethology – biological sentry point of view
Breathing can be heard up to one meter away
Good potentiality for scallop ethology (collaboration with IUEM in 2011) Some impulsive sounds have been localized in very shallow using multipath methods, some sources where more than 200~m away.... What species is it? Do we have another biological sentry?
- 14
8 dB => Rmax ~ 80 cm
Example 2: passive acoustics for benthos ethology – biological sentry point of view
• Example 1 : can we use passive acoustics to study marine mammals close to a noisy navigation road?
• Example 2: passive acoustics for benthos ethology – biological sentry point of view
• Example 3 : Impact of human activity (Whale Watching) over the Beluga population in Saguenay–St. Lawrence Marine Park
Example 3 : Impact of Whale Watching over the Beluga population in Saguenay–St. Lawrence Marine Park
48o 10 '
48o 5 '
-69o 49 ' -69o 38 '
Tadoussac
Pointe Noire
km
b) Belugas
0 1 2 3
50 m
200 m
100 m
Tadoussac
km
Array
a) Bathymetry
0 1 2 3
48o 10 '
48o 5 '
-69o 49 ' -69o 38 '
Eastern Canada
48o 10 '
48o 5 '
-69o 49 ' -69o 38 '
Tadoussac
Pointe Noire
km
c)
5-20 %>20 %
Ferries
0 1 2 3
48o 10 '
48o 5 '
-69o 49 ' -69o 38 '
Tadoussac
Pointe Noire
km
d) W hale watching fleet
Main routesDispersed
0 1 2 3
H 4
Acoustical observation in 4
points, continous recording thanks to
a cabled observatory
May-June 2009
Sources Period of the day (h)
0-4 4-8 and 11-24 8-21 10h30-16h30a
Ferries No. 1 1 2 3
No. of transits h-1 2 3 3 x 2 5 x 2
Noise level [1-20 kHz] 102.1 104.0 107.0 110.9
Whale-watching tours departure and arrivals timesb
- -9, 12, 13, 15h30, 16h30,
18 -
Total noise level [1-20 kHz] 102.1 104.0 107.0-112.6 -
Natural ambient Noise level [1-20 kHz] 95.9 95.9 95.9 95.9
St. Lawrence Marine Park is a good site to evaluate human contribution in ambiant noise as its temporal repartition shows 3 distinct phases :- night : no ship traffic- day at fixed hours and location : ferry traffic- day at random hours and location : Whale Watching activity
Example 3 : Impact of Whale Watching over the Beluga population in Saguenay–St. Lawrence Marine Park
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24Time of day (h)
100
102
104
106
108
110
112
114
116
118
120
122
So
un
d p
ress
ure
leve
l [10
-100
0 H
z](d
B r
e 1
µP
a rm
s)
0
10
20
30
40
Tra
ffic
(ve
ssel
no
.)
[10 - 1000 Hz]
[1 - 20 kHz]
Example 3 : Impact of Whale Watching over the Beluga population in Saguenay–St. Lawrence Marine Park
Statistical analysis over the full database : 2 months of continuous recording, 4 hydrophones
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 2290
95
100
105
110
115
time (h)
wid
e ba
nd S
PL
dB r
ef 1
µP
a2
0 5 10 15 20 2540
50
60
70
80
90
time (h)
fact
or o
f ra
nge
redu
ctio
n R
floor
recorded noise
Estimated hourly mean noise budget
Réduction (%) of beluga call ranges
only ferry
recorded noise
ferry noise
Example 3 : Impact of Whale Watching over the Beluga population in Saguenay–St. Lawrence Marine Park
Statistical analysis over the full database : 2 months of continuous recording, 4 hydrophones
Passive acoustics observatory projects
• 3 years of observation in rail d’Ouessant – AIS, 2 hydrophones (SHOM, ENSIETA)
• Cabled observatory creation in really coastal Iroise sea, Projet INTERREG IV Manche, (Ifremer, ENSIETA, Plymouth Marine Laboratory & University), objective : 1 year of continuous observation in 2011
• Submission with INSU, INEE et Ifremer of the équipex ‘EMSO-LIGURE’, installation of 8 hydrophones :– Raw data measurment and transmission to scientific community using
IP– Real time ENSIETA algorithm implementation– Open structure allowing implementation of any algorithms