seychelles’ marine spatial plan
TRANSCRIPT
Seychelles’ Marine Spatial Plan
Seminar Series on Improving Impact of MPAs in the WIO Region
Nairobi Convention Secretariat, SwAM & WIOMSA
22nd Sept 2021
Helena Sims
Seychelles’ MSP Project Manager
1.35 million km2
115 islands – 455 km2
90,000 people735 species on IUCN Red List
2
Source: Google
Maps
© Joanna Smith
Inner Islands
Outer Islands
Seychelles Archipelago
Seychelles MSP Initiative 2016. Information is presented for discussion purposes only. Subject to change upon review and revision.
3
The ocean is the foundation of the economy in Seychelles. Marine planning for biodiversity, uses and address threats.
Seychelles MSP Initiative. Information is presented for discussion purposes only. Subject to change upon review and revision.
PIRACY
IUU
FISHING
Photo: Seychelles News Agency
Fisheries
TourismClimate Change
Manu San Félix/National Geographic
Blue Economy Threats
What is Marine Spatial Planning (MSP)?
A public process of analysing and allocating the spatial and temporal distribution of human activities in marine areas to achieve ecological, economic, and social objectives that are usually specified through a political process.
Ehler, C. and F. Douvere. 2009. Marine spatial planning: a step-
by-step approach toward ecosystem-based management.
UNESCO.
4Seychelles MSP Initiative. Information is presented for discussion purposes only. Subject to change upon review and revision.
Benefits of MSP
Protect habitats and species for ecosystem resilience, services and climate change adaptation
Address spatial conflicts amongst existing and future uses
Decision guidance for future activities
Improve decision making and buy-in with stakeholders
5For Discussion Purposes. Not for Distribution.
‘RIO +20’ Convention Biological Diversity
2012
Climate Change national strategies and commitments
Expand Marine Protected Areas to
30% by 2020
MARINE SPATIAL PLAN30% Marine Biodiversity Protection Goal
Advance Blue EconomyAddress Climate Change Adaptation
$21M DEBT CONVERSIONIndependent Trust created to negotiate loan and debt buy back
Low interest, long term loan and EndowmentConservation Commitments and Milestones
SEYCCAT (Trust)$151,000 per year to Endowment for $6.7M maturity
~$400,000 per year from Debt Conversion~ $350,000 per year from GoS Sovereign Blue Bond
© National Geographic
6
Blue Economy ‘Abu Dhabi’ Commitment
2014
BLUE GRANTS FUND34 Grants since 2017
$1.55 Million disbursed since 2017
$15M GoS BLUE BOND1st sovereign blue bond for ocean
Issuance with World BankNot associated with TNC
Seychelles MSP : Financing
Seychelles MSP Initiative . Information is presented for discussion purposes only. Subject to change upon review and revision.
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Seychelles MSP – 3 Milestones to reach 30% marine protection
0.04% 31 Dec 2013
31 Dec 2016
31 Dec 2018
31 Dec 2020
+15%
+7.5%
+7.5%
MILESTONE #1 Zone1:5%Zone2:10%
with30%iden fiedatacoarsescaleforen reEEZandTerritorialSeaiden fiedasinterimZone2
Potential areas for consideration include Industrial Fishing Exclusion Areas (approx. 9.7%),
Aldabra Group (approx. 6.5%) and > 200 m depth
MILESTONE #2 Zone1:5%Zone2:2.5%withrefiningoftheinterimzoning
Potential areas for consideration include Amirantes, Alphonse, Drop
off, Farquhar, Mahe Plateau, Coetivy, Platte, and > 200 m depth areas
MILESTONE #3 Zone1:5%Zone2:2.5%withrefiningoftheinterimzoningPotential areas for consideration include
Mahe Plateau, Platte, Farquhar
Zone 1 - High Biodiversity Protection, percent by area, by representation, shallow and deep of EEZ
Zone 2 - Medium Biodiversity Protection, percent by area, by representation, shallow and deep of EEZ
MSP
Pha
se 2
MARINEPROTECTIONMILESTONES2014-2020
19October2016
15%
22.5%
Up To 30%
MSP
Pha
se 1
Im
plem
enta
tion
Existing Marine Protected Areas
MARINE
PROTECTION
MANAGEMENT
PLANS
1 Jan 2014
SeychellesMSPIni a ve2016.Informa onispresentedfordiscussionpurposesonly.Subjecttochangeuponreviewandrevision.Subjecttogovernmentapproval.
SEYCHELLESMARINESPATIALPLANNING(MSP)INITIATIVE
2016 Milestone 1 : 15%Zone 1 - High Biodiversity 5%
Zone 2 - Med Biodiversity 10%
2018 Milestone 2 : 7.5%Zone 1 - High Biodiversity 5%
Zone 2 - Med Biodiversity 2.5%
2020 Milestone 3 : 7.5%Zone 1 - High Biodiversity 5%
Zone 2 - Med Biodiversity 2.5%
Goal: 30% marine protection
70% multiple use
Seychelles MSP Initiative. Information is presented for discussion purposes only. Subject to change upon review and revision.
Photo: Tourette Fishing
1. FISHERIES: Industrial, Semi-Industrial, Artisanal, Aquaculture, Sports & Recreational, subsistence
2. TOURISM: High Value tourism, Marine Charters
3. CONSERVATION: Marine Protected Areas, Local Conservation, Local Community
4. INFRASTRUCTURE: Ports, Shipping, Transportation, Utilities, Marinas, Services
5. ENFORCEMENT: Coast Guard, Maritime Security
6. PETROLEUM: Geophysical Surveys, Oil & Gas Exploration
7. RENEWABLE ENERGY: Offshore Wind, Solar Power
8. PUBLIC: Civil Society
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Photo: Crew of 9G
©Jason Houston
Stakeholders
Seychelles MSP Initiative. Information is presented for discussion purposes only. Subject to change upon review and revision.
GOVERNANCE & MANAGEMENT
• Abide by National Laws, Regulations, Acts, International Agreements, Policy, Management Plans, Strategies, Action Plans
• Transparency, Inclusivity, Participation
• Integration, Co-management
• Environmental Stewardship
• Equity, Sustainable Development
APPROACH & PRACTICE
• Use Ecosystem-Based Management
• Use Precautionary Principle
• Balance ecological, economic, social and cultural objectives
• Feasible, Practical, Implementable,
• Financially Sustainable
• Adaptable, Dynamic
• Relevant Temporal and Spatial Scales
Develop Guiding PrinciplesDecisions Developed in 2014-2015 by Technical Working Groups. Reviewed and endorsed by Steering Committee and stakeholder workshops
Seychelles Stakeholder Workshops 2014-2015Seychelles MSP Technical Working Group 2015
9
Photo by Manu San Félix/National Geographic, shot during the Pristine Seas expedition to Seychelles, March 2015.
Seychelles MSP Initiative. Information is presented for discussion purposes only. Subject to change upon review and revision.
Government of SeychellesSMSP Lead: Ministry of Agriculture, Climate Change, and Environment (MACCE)
EXECUTIVE MANAGEMENT
MSP Executive Committee (EC)Co-Chairs: Minister Joubert, Ministry Agriculture, Climate Change, and Environment
(MACCE) and Minister Ferrari, Ministry Fisheries and Blue Economy (MFBE)EC Members: Ministries, Authorities, Agencies, Parastatal
Seychelles MSP Initiative - Process and Decision-making Framework
MSP Steering Committee (SC)Co-Chairs: PS Environment and PS Climate Change (MACCE)
SC Members: Authorities, Agencies, Principal Secretaries, Parastatal, and Technical Working Group Chairs
RECOMMENDATIONS TO EC & MSP OUTPUTS
MSP Core Team
Technical and AdminMACCE, TNC
MSP Science & Process LeadJoanna Smith, Ph.D., TNC
MSP Data CustodianJustin Prosper, MACCE
GIS & Spatial Analysis Rick Tingey, Spatial Support Systems
MSP Project ManagerHelena Sims, TNC
June 2021
TECHNICAL WORK& ADVICE
Technical Working Groups (TWG)
EnergyFinanceFisheries
Marine EcologicalMaritime Safety & Security
Terrestrial EcologyTourism
Public Workshops
Other Consultations and Experts
TNC Project DirectorAfrica Oceans Strategy Lead
Seychelles MSP : Knowledge Based
FISHERIES
Domestic FishingIndustrial Fishing
Sport FishingMariculture
Participatory Mapping
TOURISM & RECREATION
Marine ChartersDiving, Snorkeling
ViewpointsAccommodation
Participatory Mapping
INDUSTRIAL &PUBLIC UTILITIES
Ferries & ShippingIMO Marine Highways
Ports & MarinasRenewable Energy
Participatory Mapping
NON-RENEWABLERESOURCES
Licensed BlocksLow Gravity Areas
Seismic SurveysSand Mining
Participatory Mapping
BIODIVERSITYFEATURES
Benthic geology174 “features”
WIOMER Areas of ImportanceBirdLife Important Areas
Participatory Mapping
Sources: British Admiralty Charts; Fishing Boat Owners Association 2018; Halpern et al. 2006; Harris et al. 2014; Klaus 2015; IMaRS-USF 2005; IMaRS-USF and IRD 2005; Ministry of Environment, Energy and Climate Change 2019; Ministry Land Use and Housing 2014; Ministry of Tourism and Culture 2014; PetroSeychelles 2019; Seychelles Fishing Authority 2018; Seychelles National Park Authority 2014; Seychelles Port Authority 2014; Seychelles Sport Fishing Club 2014; Seychelles Hoteliers Association 2014; Spalding, et al. 2001; The Nature Conservancy 2014; UNEP-WCMC, WorldFish Centre, WRI and TNC. 2010; see also UNDP 2015 for full citations.
Over 100 layers in data catalogue
11Seychelles MSP Initiative . Information is presented for discussion purposes only. Subject to change upon review and revision.
SHALLOW
< 200 M depth1 km2
DEEP
> 200 M depth50 km2
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Planning Unit Approach to Develop Zoning Design
Seychelles MSP Initiative. Information is presented for discussion purposes only. Subject to change upon review and revision.
• Adaptable framework• Participatory Mapping• Attribute all data to PU• Add new data• Revise spatial products• Build Decision-Support
Tools • Create data summaries
and statistics• Build and modify
zoning design• Run Marxan and
Marxan with Zones
13Seychelles MSP Initiative. Information is presented for discussion purposes only. Subject to change upon review and revision.
Deep Seafloor Geomorphology
Photo © Trek Divers Seychelles
Photo © NEKTON
Spatio-temporal Analyses for Industrial Fishing
© National Geographic
14Seychelles MSP Initiative. Information is presented for discussion purposes only. Subject to change upon review and revision.
Zone 1
High Biodiversity Protection
Seychelles MSP: Zoning Framework
© National Geographic
To allocate 15% of the EEZ to provide high protection for marine biodiversity goals, by representative habitats and species.
To allocate 15% of the EEZ to provide medium protection for biodiversity goals, by representative species and habitats, and allow economic opportunities for sustainable uses.
To allocate 70% of the EEZ to maximise economic opportunities and Blue Economy in Seychelles.
Zone 2
Medium Biodiversity Protection
Zone 3
Multiple Use
15Seychelles MSP Initiative 2017. Information is presented for discussion purposes only. Subject to change upon review and revision.
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Stakeholder Consultations 2014-2019
Seychelles MSP Initiative . Information is presented for discussion purposes only. Subject to change upon review and revision.
Go to: www.seymsp.com
SMSP Milestone 1 and Milestone 2
Territorial sea waters are “Interim Zone 2
Zone 1 and Zone 2 are 208,365 Km2 (15%)
Seychelles MSP Initiative. Information is presented for discussion purposes only. Subject to change upon review and revision.
DRAFT Allowable Activities Tables and Management Considerations
Coordinates gazetted under National Park and Nature Conservancy Act (NPNCA)
Zone 1: 136,169 km2(5.3%)Zone 2: 74,400 km2 (10.1%)
Zone 1 and Zone 2 are 350,915 Km2, additional 11% = 26%
Zone 1: 177,447 km2 (13.1%)Zone 2: 173,468 km2 (12.8%)
2019
Mauritius
Ile Tromelin
Glorioso Islands
Mayotte
Comoro Islands
Madagascar
Tanzania
Kenya
Somalia
I
N
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OC
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Mahé
Aldabra AtollUNESCO
World Heritage Site
Fortune
Bank
Coëtivy
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Farquhar Group
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Seychelles - Maurit ius Jo in t Management Area
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1 3
1 3
6 6
6 1
60°E
60°E
55°E
55°E
50°E
50°E
45°E
45°E0°
0°
5°S
5°S
10°S
10°S
Draft Zoning Design
Version 4.3, M ilestone 2
24 Oct ober 2018
SEYCH ELLES'
EEZ
I N D I A N
O C E A N
A S I A
A F R I C A
A REA O F M A P D ETA I L
Eq u a t o r
FOR DISCUSSION PURPOSES ONLY
Prepared for : Seychelles MSP
Prepared on: 24 Oct 2018
Prepared by: Spatial Support Systems, LLCScale: 1:9,100,000
Map projection: Cylindr ical Equal Area
Datum: WGS84
Data Sources: Seychelles Government , MEECC Geodatabase,
The Nature Conservancy, ESRI
0 250125 Km
Fishing by Foreign Vessels Prohibited
Seychelles' Exclusive Economic Zone
Other Exclusive Economic Zone
200m Depth Contour
Pr o p o se d Zo n e s
Zone 1
Zone 2
Milestone 2
(Area 13)
(Area 6)
12 nautical miles; est imated
High Seas
Marine Protected Areas
Port of Victoria Boundary
2018 2019
SMSP Milestone 3 - March 2020
18Seychelles MSP Initiative. Information is presented for discussion purposes only. Subject to change upon review and revision.
13 Areas:5 Zone 18 Zone 2
Zone 1 and Zone 2 = 30%
DRAFT Allowable Activities and Management Considerations
Coordinates gazettedunder National Park and Nature Conservancy Act (NPNCA)
Zone 1: 203,071 km2
Zone 2: 238,442 km2
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Other ongoing MSP Activities
Seychelles MSP Initiative. Information is presented for discussion purposes only. Subject to change upon review and revision.
• MSP Costing Analysis- to be updated
• MSP Governance Framework for implementation
• MSP Policy- endorsed
• Pilot Electronic- Monitoring (EM) project /FAD MP
• Socio-economic Impact Analyses
• Climate Risk Mapping using SST & Chlorophyll a/NDC & BC
• Ecosystem Services Evaluation
• Management framework, plans & regulations for Areas Gazetted
• Marine Plan Document
• Implementation Plan document
Transition Planning to Implementation
Finalise MarineSpatial Plan
(entire EEZ)
Allowable Activities Tables
MSP Document
Zone 3 Management Considerations
Public Review
Plan endorsed
Plan Gazetted
Implementation
Plan
Governance
Management Framework
Management Plans
Regulations
MCS
Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E)
SMART Indicators
Review Process
Management Effectiveness
Reporting requirements
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• Comprehensive, multi-sector marine spatial plan implemented 2021+
• Actively managed marine protections – 400,000 km2
• Governance mechanism to implement MSP across 1.35 million km2
• Long-term monitoring for indicators climate threats underway
• Decision-making framework for all future sustainable economic development
photo
Mahé
Silhouette
Coëtivy
La Digue
Desroches
Darros
Alphonse
Poivre
St Joseph
Platte
Marie-Louise
Desnoeufs
Remire
St Francois
Boudeuse
Bijoutier
Etoile
A d e l a i d e
B a n kA m i r a n t e B a s i n
C o r r e i r a
B a n k
F o r t u n e
B a n k
F r e d S e a m o u n t
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Inner Islands
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56°30'E
56°E
56°E
55°30'E
55°30'E
55°E
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54°30'E
54°30'E
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6°3
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0'S
7°S
7°S
7°3
0'S
7°3
0'S
FOR DISCUSSION PURPOSES ONLY
Prepared for : Seychelles MSP
Prepared on: 3 May 2018Prepared by: Spatial Support Systems, LLC
Scale: 1:2,250,000
Map projection: UTM Zone 39s, WGS 84
Data Sources: Seychelles Government , MEEC Geodatabase,
The Nature Conservancy, ESRI
Am iran t es Basin
0 6030 Km
Marine Protected Areas
Petroleum Exploration License Area
Port of Victor ia Boundary
Voluntary Petroleum Exclusion Zone
Se y ch e l l e s' EEZSe y ch e l l e s' EEZ
M a d a ga sca rM a d a ga sca r
AREA OF M AP DETAI L
Eq u a t o rEq u a t o r
Territorial Sea
(12 naut ical miles; estimated)
Fishing by Foreign Vessels Prohibited
200m Depth Contour
Area to be Avoided (Mahé Plateau)
Expected Outcomes by 2025
Sustainable development of oceans for today and future
generations.
Thank you for listening!
Questions?
www.seymsp.com
Contact for more information: Ms. Helena Sims email: [email protected]
Dr. Joanna Smith email: [email protected]