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SCIENCE1?- bNEW f uxVOL. 101, No. 2616-p

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y 16, 1945SUBSCRIPTION, $6.00SINGLE COPIES, .15

The Large Littrow Spectrograph provides th&"means for- a- quick and Accurate: analysis -ofvarwus: s~stnces. In chemistry this Bausch& Lomb instrument,,which is an example ofeOxree .eprecision in- optical manufacture,

-sgeedi riesea4, control and analys' s Bausdi-& L Optical Co., 'Roclhester. 2,.N. Y.

PsbUshed weekW bV the Am cau A8soeatM*n for the dvancement of S oe at Lancaster, Pa.Entered as second-class matter Juty 18, 1923 at the Post Office at Lancaster, -Pa., under the Act'of March 8, 1879.

2 SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS

HIIniiiiV E A -IiLuii vf

IN THE MARKET PLACERates, 10¢ a word, lmnimum $2.00 cash In advance. Count eight words if a box address is desired. Dis-play insertions, $8.80 per inch. Copy should be sent to the Advertising Department, American Associationfor the Advancement of Science, Smithsonian Institution, Washington 25, D. C.

POSITIONS OPEN

Wanted: (a) Bacteriologist to work under direc-tion of chemical research director in determiningefficacy of new substances; must be experienced intransfer of infectious diseases to laboratory ani-mals, understand their care; new chemotherapeuticlaboratory; large pharmaceutical house; East. (b)Young pharmacologist to become associated withpharmaceutical company; duties primarily re-search; Middle West. (c) Manufacturing chem-ist; small laboratory; staff of 15 to 20 people;Chicago; $4,000. (d) Bacteriologist, physiologistand biochemist; teaching appointments, midwesternuniversity; preferably younger men who would be-gin with ranks of instructors; candidates qualifiedfor higher ranks eligible, however. S2-2, TheMedical Bureau, Burneice Larson, Director, Pal-molive Building, Chicago, Illinois.

School administrators in all the states from Maineto California inclusive are requesting that we rec-ommend teachers to them for their teaching staffs.We are interested in further registration of teach-ers, both experienced and inexperienced, who havein mind continued advancement in the teachingfield. AMERICAN COLLEGE BUREAU, 28 E. JacksonBlvd., Chicago, Ill.

Assistant Physicist for research work on stainlesssteels and similar alloys, College degree required.Box 103 " SCIENCE " Smithsonian Institution Build-ing, Washington 25, D. C.

Excellent opportunity for man who has majored inchemistry, physics or biology or a former teacherwho would like to contact teachers in the collegesand universities. For interview write-Vice Presi-dent, THE BLAKISTON COMPANY, 1012 WalnutStreet, Philadelphia 5, Pa.

Research Biochemist, having background in or-ganic and physical chemistry, needed for researchin enzyme studies. Recent Ph.D. preferred. In-teresting work. Good salary. Excellent oppor-tunity, Vicinity of New York City. Please detailyour qualifications, availability and include recentsnapshot with reply. ]3ox 112, " ScIENCE," Smith-sonian Institution Building, Washington 25, D. C.

INSTIRUMENTS AND EQUIPMENT

Electronic-Hardened Filter PaperNo. 576; Micro Lint-Free;for Biological Products

Schleicher & Schuell Co.Plant and Lab: South Le Mass.

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BOOKS AND PERIODICALS

Wanted to purchase Scientific Periodicals, For-eign-Domestic. WALTER J. JOHNSON, 125East 23rd Street, New York 10, New York.

POSITIONS WANTED

Toxicologist: Ph.D. with specialized training andexperience in Pharmacology, Physiology and Bio-chemistry now holding responsible position in aMidwestern University, desires appointment (Uni-versity preferred) taking charge of (toxicological)research and part-time teaching. Married, 3 chil-dren, Protestant, 4-A. Kindly state nature of po-sition and approximate salary in first letter. Box111, GSCENCE,E" Smithsonian Institution Building,Washington 25, D. C.

Bacteriologist is available for teaching or publichealth position; A.B., M.S., Ph.D. degrees; twelveyears' academic experience during which time heserved as professor and head of the department ofbacteriology in a university medical school for eightyears; past several years, director of research withone of the foundations; for further information,please write Burneice Larson, Director, The MedicalBureau, Palmolive Building, Chicago, Illinois.

Secretary, personable, research administration' ex-perience, wants position in established academic orindustrial office. Metropolitan New Jersey, N. Y.C. preferred. Immediately available. Box 113,"SCIE;NCE," Smithsonian Institution Building,Washington 25, D. C.

SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS 'VOL. 1011 No. 26162

i1 1945.C - ;

The Pouu;.OVac seal is a -rabtemc whichpermits trag of sterililr lon eiodL $terility

-may constantly deterhiiied by tae'aui 66water-oammer' signal.The flaring upper lip of thecoliir facilitates pouring solu-tions dire ly'from the orignq l in* whot dangerof conctamination by contact with portsof the colbr whichare not within the sterile area of the closure. Contentswill Pgrureply and witb4k -

Ives as an effident dt tentsof clonainqr are not used iminate wastof con-

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8-65717 Needle, only,Engraving. For usewith engraving pencilNo. S-65715. Per pack-age of 20 needles .-$0.15

8-65718 Needle, only,Engraving, TantalumCarbide Point. For usewith engraving pencilNo. S-65715. Hardneedle recommended forengraving extremelyhard materials and forordinary engraving withminimum sharpening.Each . $;2.00

8-65719 Knife, only,Wide Blade. For usewith engraving pencilNo. S-65715. Cuts card-board, thin wood, clothpaper, etc. Depth okcut, 3/16 inch. Perpackage of 5 blades.

$0.50

8-65720 Knife, only,Narrow Blade. For usewith engraving pencilNo. S-65715. Cuts card-board, thin wood, cloth,paper, etc. The narrowblade permits cuttingof intricate patterns insmall areas. Depth ofcut, 3/32 inch. Perpackage of 5 blades.

$0.50

The Vibro-Tool provides asimple method of permanentlymarking glass or metal objects.

Perfectly balanced to fit thehand and light weight (1 lb.) i5 ithe Vibro-Tool handles as easilyas writing with a pencil. Mark-ing is accomplished mechanically by vibrations of the markingtool-120 reciprocal strokes per second-consumes less currentthan a 60 watt light bulb.

The use of the Vibro-Tool ranges from engraving simple iden-tification numbers and chemical nomenclature on bottles or slidesto engraving special calibration markings on equipment and ex-perimental dials, gauges and measures.

A few suggested uses include marking test tubes, beakers, jars,flasks, watch glasses, stock bottles, microscope slides, reagentbottles, manometric scales, metallurgical specimens, etc.

8-65715 PENCIL-VIBRO-TOOL-Glass, Metal and plastic Engraving,Electric. Complete with 20 No. S-65717 needles suitable for engravingon glass, metal and plastic.For operation from 115 volt A.C. 60 cycle circuits.$7.50

E. H. SARGENT & COMPANY155-165 East Superior Street, Chicago 11, IllinoisMichigan Division: 1959 East Jefferson, Detroit 7, Michigan

R.D E T

SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS VOL. 101, No. 26164

SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS

ADAMS SAFETY-HEAD CENTRIFUGEd

U

Improved Model As Supplied to U. S. Army and Navy

5000* R.P.M. on D.C.This centrifuge offers important advantages over the conventional units. The tubes aresuspended at a fixed 520 angle-thus faster sedimentation is achieved by the shorter dis-tance particles are required to travel . . . creating mass, and reaching the bottom morequickly. The tubes remain in the angular position and no stirring up of sediment results.

CT-1001 ADAMS SENIOR SAFETY-HEAD CENTRIFUGE for SIX 15Sml. TUBES.Exclusive of tubes or shields .. Each $49.50CT-1000 Same as above, but complete with six round bottom brass shields withrubber cushions and three each graduated and ungraduated taper bottom 15 ml.glass tubes.Without protective cap or underguard ............................Each $52.50

CT-1055UNDERGUARD .......................... Each $ 3.50

CT-1050PROTECTIVE CAP ...........................Each $ 2.50

Above centrifuges have universal motors for 110-volt A.C. or D.C. current. Ad-ditional charge of $2.00 is made for 220 volt universal, motors.

* With underguard No. CT-1055 with sit 15 ml tubesloaded. 4200 R.P.M. on A.C. with same load.

MICRO and SEMI-MICRO tubes (5 ml. to 0.5ml.) can be accommodated by purchasing extrashields. No adapters are required.

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For. a pomapklti list ,of- &variable amignoacid&an other saek'ia; products fornutinal research, write:

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It began in.'the'colleges and_|1-universities. -Then it spread to._ secondary schoools, The reason

-2 / '+tJ7; $~'-et3^vtt'-./'5',-" ,issimpl-e Schis and colleges'-.maintaining~adeqi~at~ ~rdB,'of h ory purchases and replace0*nt*

. were able to prove definitelythatit'pays to s:andardize on Pyrex Glassware;This laboratory glassware lasts longer and withstands harder service

because it is fabricated from Pyrex, brand Che mical Glass$9,774. Glass.ware fabricated from it'is balanced for mechanl tenhheat resist.ance and chemical stability. It is the balanceths "bfrnieng" of!ssenial,properties, which maes, Pyrex -Glassware "the all-around Mlboratoryware fur all-around laboratory use,."Consider standardizing, ~n Pyiex Glassware, beginniag -now. Start

.with te simplest of all glassware--test tubes. Prove to your bwn satis-faction what so many schools have already discovered-that,.in the finalanalysis, it is the cost per year, not-the initia- c'st-pe doze!, that leadsto purchasing economy. - - -For helpful service in standardizing on Pyrex Glassware, consul your

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VoL. 101, No. 26168 SUIENGE'~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-ADVERTISEMENTS~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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SCIENCE

VOL. 101 FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 16, 1945 No. 2616

Selection and Training of Students for Industrial Special Articles:Research: DL ALBERT W. HULL........................ 157 Oral Administration of Penicillin in Oil: DRY RAY-

A Stimulus-Expectancy Need-Cathexis Psychology: MOND L. LIBBY. Riboflavin Production by CandidaPROFESSOR EDWARD CHACE TOLMAN.160 Species: DL. F. W. TANNER, CHARLES VOJNOVICHand DR. J. M. VAN LANEN. Factors Controlling

Obituary: Bacterial Dissociation: DR. WERNER BRAUN 178Deaths of Russian Botanists: VLADIMIR C. Asmous. Scientific Apparatus and Laboratory Methods:Deaths and Memorials ................ 166 A New Reagent for Vitamin A: DR. ARNOLD Low-

Scientific Events: MAN. A Modified Petri Dish for Continuous Tem-Booklets of Information for Latin-American Bioao- perature Observation: DR. RALPH WITERMAN 183gists; The American Museum of Natural History; Science News ........................................ 10The Watson Scientific Computing Laboratory atColumbia University; Reorganization of the Shef- SCIENCE: A Weekly Journal, since 1900 the officialfield Scientific School of Yale University. 167 organ of the American Association for the Advancement

Scientifio Notes and News 169 of Science. Published by the American Association forDi-cussion: the Advancement of Science every Friday at Lancaster,Disuswsion: Pennsylvania.

Staffing Science Departments after the War: DR. PM. H. TRYTTEN. "Psychological Differences as Editors: JOSEPHINE OwEiN CATELL and JAQUESamong Races"?: PROFESSOR HERBERT G. BIRCH. CATTELL.Regeneration of Adult Mammalian Skeletal Muscle Policy Committee: MALCOLM H. SOULE, ROGER ADAMSin Fitro: IRENE A. POGOGEFT and DR MARGARET and WALTER R. MILES.R. MuRAY. Orthography of Scientific Names: Advertising Manager: THEO. J. CHRISTENSEN.PROimFSOR. CnARLEs H.LBLAIKE. Transliteration ofPROFESORC.&n~n H. BAKE. ranslteraton ofCommunications relative to articles offered for publication-Russian Words: DR.. G. M. KosoLAPOFI'............................... 172 should be addressed to Editors of Science. The Science Press,

Scientific Books: Lancaster. Pa.Communications relative to advertising should be addressed

Science in the University: DR. RAYMOND WALTERS. to THRO. CHRISTENSEN. Advertising Manager, SmithsonianMedical Education: DR. H. G. WEISKOTTEN. Institution Building, Washington 25, D. C.Starch: EdR.aionB..M.GHIXON.175N Communications relative to membership In the AssociationStarch:DR..R.and oall.ao.......................... s l....... band toallm tters ofbuinessof the Asociation

Reports: addressed to the Permanent Secretary, A.A.A.S., SmithsonianReport8: .......Institution Building, Washington 25, D. C.The Botanical Work of the Cinchona Missions inSouth America: PROCEsSOR WILLIAM C. STEER ...... 177 Annual subscription, $6.00 Single copies, 15 cents

SELECTION AND TRAINING OF STUDENTSFOR INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH1

By DR. ALBERT W. HULLRESEARCH LABORATORY, GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY

IN selecting college graduates for industrial. re-

search, certain qualities are sought. Not all thesequalities are the product of college training, but many

of them might be. The purpose of this discussion. isto inquire whether colleges could contribute more tothis total training.The qualities which are needed for success in indus-

trial research may be classed in four groups. Theyare, in order of importance, character, aptitude forresearch, attitude toward work and knowledge.

CHARACTR

Character is the most important qualification. Itis rated first in the hiring and retaining of personnel.

Vice-presidential address before the Section for Phys-ics, American Association for the Advancement of Science,Cleveland, 1944.

I shall not try to define character; the many virtueswhich it comprises include self-discipline, courage andtolerance, all of which are needed, in industrial re-search. It also includes honesty and generosity.Honesty is more than the negative virtue of not tell-ing lies. Positive honesty is the quality that enablesyou to say of a man, "I always know just where tofind him." It is the basis of true friendship and team-work, and hence is an essential requirement in a co-operating group. The honesty of research workers,however, must be even greater than this. They notonly must not deceive others but must not deceivethemselves, for the greatest scientific sin is wishfulinterpretation of data. It is, more common than isgenerally realized, and is so serious that it can reducea research worker's value to the vanishing point. Theman who is more anxious to prove that he is right