sfpuc water security initiative demonstration pilot project

Welcome to the 2010 West Coast WLA Security Summit

San Francisco, Mayor Gavin Newsom

Public Utilities Commission, General Manager Ed Harrington

Welcome to the 2010 West Coast WLA Security Summit

San Francisco, Mayor Gavin Newsom

Public Utilities Commission, General Manager Ed Harrington

CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION; DO NOT CITE, DISTRIBUTE, OR COPY

SFPUC Water Security Initiative Demonstration Pilot Project SFPUC Water Security Initiative Demonstration Pilot Project

Rod Miller, Laboratory DirectorWater Quality Division

June 17, 2010


SFPUC System Overview



SFPUC Water System


San Francisco Water System

Average Day Demand: 90 MGD

1200 miles of mains; 900 miles < 12 inches

23 pressure zones

10 reservoirs (1 MG up to 177 MG); 6 tanks; 7 hydro-pneumatic stations

400 MG storage

Water age in storage: a few days to a few weeks


WSI Project Overview



If You Fail To Plan, Plan to Fail (Unknown)

Be Prepared (The Boy Scouts of America Motto)


USEPA Water Security Initiative Background

Initiated per Presidential Directive after 9/11

Overall approach

– Conceptual design goals• Timely detection of and appropriate response to contamination

• Mitigate public health and economic consequences

• Sustainable for long-term operation

– Demonstration pilots• Initial pilot at Greater Cincinnati Water Works

• Four additional selected cities

– Guidance and outreach


Project Scope

Grant project builds on SFPUC existing program – Formally initiated in 2004

– On-line monitoring instruments operational since 2007

– Overall spent >$2M (excluding physical security enhancements)

– Includes similar components as grant project

Grant project scope addresses six critical components– On-line water quality monitoring

– Sampling and analysis

– Enhanced security monitoring

– Consumer complaint surveillance

– Public health surveillance

– Consequence management


WSI Program Sampling and Analysis Component Review

Objective

Existing program

Grant Funded Activities

Progress to date

Near term Objectives


Laboratory Water Quality Monitoring(sampling & analysis)

Objective Establish capability for rapid target

contaminant analysis in routine and

triggered monitoring

Existing Program– Lab operates 365 days/yr with 24/7

emergency response

– Highly sophisticated instrumentation inventory (e.g., ICP/MS, LC/MS/MS, GC/MS & GC/MS/MS/MS, PCR)

– Baseline monitoring since 2006

– Research microbiologist & chemist (PhDs) developing methods


Laboratory Water Quality Monitoring (cont.)

Grant Funded Program– Continue development, evaluation, and optimization of

experimental methods – Upgrade & enhance existing lab and field instruments– Enhance radiological contamination monitoring– Evaluate and deploy additional field rapid toxicity

screening assays & site characterization tools

Progress To Date– Majority of lab instrument upgrades and enhancements

completed– New methods were incorporated into an expanded

baseline monitoring to 14 sites system wide– Updated and deployed additional EWQSKs– Improved site characterization by expanding field testing

capabilities– Initiated baseline biomass monitoring using LuminUltra

ATP (measures overall biomass in a water sample)


Laboratory Water Quality Monitoring (cont.)

Near-Term Objectives

– Fully initiate baseline pathogen monitoring by PCR method

– Install gamma spectrometer and gross alpha/beta counting instrumentation

– Start preliminary gamma radiation measurement in drinking water; implement gross alpha and beta radiation measurement procedures

– Finalize On-line Monitoring QA/QC Program document and formalize the verification program

– Expand baseline monitoring and event response with new analytical capabilities (e.g., GC/MS/MS/MS)


Baseline Monitoring Program


Baseline Monitoring Objectives

Establish capability for rapid contaminant analysis in routine baseline monitoring and triggered event response

Establish occurrence (and background concentration) of likely contaminants in source and distribution system water

Characterize as completely as possible makeup of drinking water (e.g., identify TICs)

Evaluate matrix effects due to blending and source water differences (e.g., groundwater) on method performance

Use baseline monitoring assays in conjunction with day to day regulatory compliance testing data for distribution system assessments


Baseline Suite of Methods - Field

Safety Screening

Parameter or Priority Contaminant Instrumentation/Test Kit

Radioactivity (alpha, beta, and gamma) Canberra InSpector 1000 / ISolo

Rapid Field Testing

Parameter or Priority Contaminant Instrumentation/Test Kit

Free Cyanide Hach Model DR890

Chlorine residual/pH/conductivity Hach Model DR890 Colorimeter/pH meter/etc.

Chemical Warfare Agents HazCat Water Testing Kit

Organophosphate/Carbamate pesticides

Immunoassay

Toxicity Assays DeltaTox / Eclox

Biomass LuminUltra ATP


Baseline Suite of Methods – Lab-BasedMethod Priority Contaminant Coverage

DeltaTox / EcloxEPA Method 415.1LuminUltra ATPGeneral Chemistry Parameters using EPA methods

Toxicity AssaysTotal Organic Carbon (TOC)BiomassAlkalinity, pH, Turbidity, Conductivity, Hardness

ICP/MS (modified EPA Method 200.8)

69 elements: Ag, Al, As, Au, B, Ba, Be, Bi, Br, Ca, Cd, Ce, Cl, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Dy, Er, Eu, Fe, Ga, Gd, Ge, Hf, Hg, Ho, In, Ir, K, La, Li, Lu, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Nb, Nd, Ni, Os, P, Pb, Pd, Pr, Rb, Re, Rh, Ru, Sb, Sc, Se, Si, Sm, Sn, Sr, Ta, Tb, Te, Th, Ti, Tl, Tm, U, V, W, Yb, Zn, Zr

Hollow Fiber Ultra Filtration / PCR Pathogens

LC/MS/MS (modified EPA Methods 535.2, 1694)Thermally labile & polar compounds: CWAhydrolysis products, a-Amanitin, a-Conotoxin,Digoxin, Microcystin LR

GC/MS/uECD/FPD (modified EPA Method 525.2)Semivolatile compounds: Mevinphos, Phorate, Phencyclidine, Fluoroacetamide, Phenol, Methomyl

Gross Alpha and Beta, and Gamma Radiation Measurements (EPA 900 series methods) Am-241, Sr-90, Cs-137, Co-60, etc.

CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION; DO NOT CITE, DISTRIBUTE, OR COPYCONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION; DO NOT CITE, DISTRIBUTE, OR COPY

Status of Methods

Unexecuted CompletedIn-progress

DeltaTox / Eclox/TOC/Gen. Chem.

LuminUltra ATP

ICP/MS

LC/MS/MS

GC/MS/uECD/FPD

PCR

Gross alpha & beta

Gamma spectrometry

Instrument Acquired

MethodDeveloped

Response& Lab Staff

TrainedIDOC

PerformedSOP

DevelopedData

Reliability

DataReporting

Formatdetermined

Number ofParameters

8+

1

69+

53+

Method

Method Status

30 + TICs

4-7+

3-5+

16


Identifying Sampling Location

14 Current Baseline Monitoring Locations:

Source water / Water Treatment Plant raw water (Hetch Hetchy, East Bay & Peninsula Watersheds) – 5 sample points

Transmission lines – 5 sample points City Distribution Division (CDD) reservoirs – 4 sample points Significant water infrastructure facilities (e.g., pump stations) Sample taps located at each major On-Line Monitoring Site Future sampling sites will be based on TEVA-SPOT modeling

(hydraulic modeling analysis)


Identifying S&A Frequency and Duration

Continuous, ongoing baseline monitoring program (e.g., ICP/MS metals monitoring initiated on 01/22/06; historical database contains between 90,000 to 100,000 data points)

Established a bi-weekly sampling frequency for most methods based on lab capacity

Used to differentiate between variations due to seasonal source water changes, system maintenance, and potential emergency events


Data Analysis

Likely contaminant list characterization (i.e., presence/absence, concentration)

Identify average background concentrations and establish confidence intervals for variations from the norm (e.g., 3 sigma control and 2 sigma warning limits)

Use trending analysis to establish seasonal or blending variations

Create upstream/downstream database for use during suspected emergency events


Example Trending Analysis

Pb in CHO

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

1/22

/200

6

3/22

/200

6

5/22

/200

6

7/22

/200

6

9/22

/200

6

11/2

2/20

06

1/22

/200

7

3/22

/200

7

5/22

/200

7

7/22

/200

7

9/22

/200

7

11/2

2/20

07

1/22

/200

8

3/22

/200

8

5/22

/200

8

7/22

/200

8

9/22

/200

8

11/2

2/20

08

1/22

/200

9

3/22

/200

9

5/22

/200

9

7/22

/200

9

9/22

/200

9

11/2

2/20

09

ng/L Series1


Data Storage and Retrieval

All baseline monitoring data, including field testing results, entered into SFPUC Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS) database

Historical baseline data is included as laminated data sheets in applicable test kits (e.g., DeltaTox/Eclox)

Future web-based LIMS will facilitate real-time access by field responders/On-call Engineer to baseline monitoring results


Issues

Need to identify Risk Based Reporting Limits for all likely contaminant list constituents

In cases where a likely contaminant cannot be determined in-house identify external resources for analysis (e.g., LRN, ERLN, WLA)

Clearly identify and establish utilization plan for additional testing capacity needed during emergency response (e.g., LRN, ERLN, WLA, CAMAL Net)


Questions?

[email protected]

sfpuc water security initiative demonstration pilot project

Documents