SG Youth @ COP20

[20th Conference of Par/es in Lima, Peru ]

Event: SG Youth @ COP20 Sharing session Presenters: Zenata Putera Tham Siang Yu Juliana Chia Nor Lastrina Bte Hamid

27 Feb 2015

Climate Change

Marked by increased mean global surface temperature

h>p://www.theguardian.com/environment/interac/ve/2013/sep/27/climate-change-how-hot-life/me-interac/ve

Unprecedented weather pa>erns and increased number and intensity in weather-related natural disasters have been a>ributed to climate change

Unprecedented levels of carbon dioxide in the

atmosphere h>p://climate.nasa.gov/evidence/

Climate Change is Happening

Image made available by Na/onal Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra/on

Typhoon Hagupit claimed scores of deaths and displaced close to 1 million people.

Unprecedented natural disasters

Image made available by Interna/onal Geosphere Biosphere Programme

Rapid methane release a5er 5 - 6 degree Celsius rise in temperature

Impact of Climate Change on Singapore

Food and water security issues Geographical integrity

30% of the mainland is less than 5m above mean sea level

Vector-borne diseases

Heat related health problems

Ecological destruc/on

United Na>ons Framework Conven>on on Climate Change

UNFCCC - Introduc>on

An interna/onal treaty to resolve climate change

Eec/ve since 1994

Ra/ed by 196 member states

The Kyoto Protocol was signed by 192 countries in 1997

Principle of common but dieren/ated responsibility

COP 20 Paving the way to Paris 2015

The Kyoto Protocol 2nd Commitment expires in 2020

Objec/ve of COP 21 in Paris: To achieve a legally binding and universal agreement on climate

The Singapore Youth Delega>on

Observer Tag

COP 20 Main Nego>a>ons

COP 20 Main Nego>a>ons

COP 20 Main Nego>a>ons

UNFCCC Mi>ga>on

Adapta>on

Climate Finance

Intended Na>onally Determined Contribu>on

Green Climate Fund

Technology Transfer

Na>onal Adapta>on

Plan

Mul>lateral Assessment

Intended Na>onally Determined Contribu>ons

In Lima, countries have agreed to produce their INDCs

Countries to publicly outline what ac/ons they intend to take under the global agreement a`er Paris

Their form and rigor will determine an ambi/ous 2015 agreement

Green Climate Fund

Pledges were made by both developed and developing countries to the Green Climate Fund (GCF)

$10.2 Billion pledged Well short of the goal of $100 Billion per year

Technology Transfer

Climate technologies to be made available for developing countries

Climate Technology Centre and Network Usage of the GCF

Na>onal Adapta>on Plan (NAPs)

Delivering resilience NAPs are supported by GCF The primary focus is the Least Developed Countries, Small Island Developing States and Africa

Mul>lateral Assessment

Over two days, 17 developed countries with quan/ed economy-wide emission reduc/on targets were assessed by other governments

Lima Ministerial Declara>on on Educa>on

Calls on: Governments to include climate change educa/on into school curricula Climate awareness to be included into na/onal development plans

Mee>ng with Singapore Delega>on

YOUNGO and AYCN

Singapores Primary Concern

Food Security

Deni>on Food Security

The World Food Summit of 1996 dened food security as exis/ng when all people at all /mes have access to sucient, safe, nutri/ous food to

maintain a healthy and ac/ve life.

Food security

Food availability Food access Food use

Climate change and food security The nega/ve impacts of climate change has implica/ons on food security Altera/on of ecosystems Disrup/on of crop yield

Ways to address the threat to food security Climate monitoring and early warning systems (hydro meteorological sta/ons and crowdsourced weather informa/on)

Empower farmers, processors and consumers to reduce food waste

Source: http://ccafs.cgiar.org/bigfacts/#theme=food-security

Singapore and food security

We import more than 90% of our food An increase in the price of key food imports or export bans by major food suppliers could have dire consequences for Singapore

62 Farms to be phased out to make way for military installa/ons

Food Security and Agriculture R&D to boost produc/vity Maximise local produc/on

Food Security and Agriculture Communal produc/on

Garden city

When the world starts to grabble for food, they are not going to send food to Singapore [] Instead of a garden, it should be an edible garden. Ivy Singh, Bollywood Veggies (h>p://youtu.be/d8aMtdKx92o)

Know what you eat and where it comes from. Jethro Greene, Chief Coordinator of the

Caribbean Farmers Network

Ocean Acidica>on

Fig 1: Ocean surface pH - historical values and projected future values based on current emission projec

The Chemistry

Carbon Dioxide + Water Carbonic Acid pH levels decreasing, -0.1 since Industrial Revolu/on (i.e.

increase in acidity of 30%) Shells & skeletons gesng weaker

The Biological Impacts

Calcifying species (oysters, corals etc) highly sensi/ve to O.A

Shellsh aected Food web aected

Why does O.A maZer to Singapore?

Big seafood consumer; 100,000 tonnes of seafood per year Direct human impact: amnesic shellsh poisoning Social costs

Singapores eorts

700 coral colonies relocated from Pulau Semakau to Sisters Island Marine Park

1,600 coral reefs moved from Sultan Shoal to St Johns & Sisters Islands in 2014

Role of the UN

O.A is a global problem, it requires a global response

Global research and collabora/on O.A impacts stretch far onto land - cultural

impacts Stop ignoring chemical concentra/on levels in

oceans

Recap...

What is Climate Change? Impacts on Singapore What is happening at the UN level Food Security Ocean Acidica/on

What can we Young People do?

Now the ques/on is..

Lets take a broad look at what is happening at..

The Interna/onal Youth Climate Movement level

YOUNGO UNFCCC observer cons/tuency of youth non-governmental organiza/ons

https://flic.kr/p/qdJ1d3

https://flic.kr/p/q22UMm

http://youtu.be/lUSA9_dgYp0

And now..

At the Regional Level

AYCN Asian Youth Climate Network

https://www.facebook.com/142904837963/photos/pb.142904837963.-2207520000.1422285901./10152879041287964/?type=3&theater

https://www.facebook.com/142904837963/photos/pb.142904837963.-2207520000.1422285880./10152893623257964/?type=3&theater

https://www.facebook.com/142904837963/photos/pb.142904837963.-2207520000.1422286060./10152884798462964/?type=3&theater

What can you do right here in Singapore?

Young NTUC and the 350 Singapore movement

https://www.facebook.com/350sg/photos/a.608538102494702.156966.123943510954166/608538169161362/?type=3&theater

https://www.facebook.com/350sg/photos/pb.123943510954166.-2207520000.1422286298./849377285077448/

https://www.facebook.com/350sg/photos/pb.123943510954166.-2207520000.1422286738./909985192349990

Presenters: Zen, Siang Yu, Juliana, Lastrina 27 Feb 2015

Questions?

Presenters: Zen, Siang Yu, Juliana, Lastrina 27 Feb 2015