sheet metal
TRANSCRIPT
Pro/ENGINEER®
2001
Pro/SHEETMETAL����Topic Collection
Parametric Technology Corporation
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Pro/SHEETMETAL 3
Table of Contents
About Projecting Datum Curves ...................................................................... 15
About Bends ...................................................................................................... 15
About Bend Relief for Regular Bends ............................................................. 15
Bend Line Location ........................................................................................... 16
Bend Radius....................................................................................................... 17
Zero-Radius Bends............................................................................................ 18
Types of Bends.................................................................................................. 18
About Menus Used with Bends........................................................................ 18
Use Table Menu ................................................................................................. 19
Relief Menu......................................................................................................... 19
Select Radius Menu........................................................................................... 19
Angle Bend Dialog Box..................................................................................... 20
To Add a Regular Angle Bend.......................................................................... 20
About Roll Bends............................................................................................... 20
To Add a Roll Bend............................................................................................ 21
About Bend with Transition.............................................................................. 21
Bend Angle, w/Transition Dialog Box.............................................................. 21
To Create a Bend with Transitions................................................................... 22
About Planar Bends .......................................................................................... 22
Planar Bend Dialog Box.................................................................................... 23
To Create a Planar Bend ................................................................................... 23
About Edge Bends............................................................................................. 24
Bend Pieces Menu............................................................................................. 25
Pro/SHEETMETAL4
To Create an Edge Bend ................................................................................... 25
Bend Pieces Dialog Box.................................................................................... 25
To Change an Edge Bend ................................................................................. 25
About Unbends.................................................................................................. 26
Regular Unbends............................................................................................... 26
Unbend Dialog Box............................................................................................ 26
To Unbend a Regular Bend............................................................................... 26
Regular Unbend of Undevelopable Surfaces.................................................. 26
Unbend Geometry Menu ................................................................................... 27
To Unbend an Undevelopable Surface with Deform Areas ........................... 27
About Deform Areas.......................................................................................... 27
Deformation Area Dialog Box........................................................................... 28
To Create Deform Areas.................................................................................... 28
About Transition Unbend.................................................................................. 28
Transition Unbend Dialog Box ......................................................................... 28
Feature Reference Menu................................................................................... 28
To Use Transition Unbend................................................................................ 28
About Cross Section-Driven Unbend .............................................................. 29
Cross-section Unbend Dialog Box................................................................... 29
Xseccurve Menu ................................................................................................ 29
To Create a Cross-Section-Driven Unbend..................................................... 29
About Bend Back............................................................................................... 30
Bend Back Dialog Box ...................................................................................... 30
Bend Back Selection Menu............................................................................... 30
To Bend Back the Part ...................................................................................... 30
Pro/SHEETMETAL 5
SMT CONVERT Menu ........................................................................................ 31
To Convert the Solid Part.................................................................................. 31
To Choose the Driving Surface ........................................................................ 31
To Shell Out the Part ......................................................................................... 31
Converting Part to Solid.................................................................................... 31
About Conversion of Box-type Parts............................................................... 31
To Start the Conversion Process..................................................................... 32
About the Conversion Dialog Box ................................................................... 32
Defining the Point Reliefs Element .................................................................. 33
To Create or Select Point Reliefs ..................................................................... 33
Selecting the Edge Rip Element....................................................................... 33
Rip Pieces Dialog Box....................................................................................... 34
Corner Def Menu................................................................................................ 34
To Select Edges to Rip...................................................................................... 34
Defining the Rip Connect Element................................................................... 34
Rip Connect Dialog Box.................................................................................... 35
To Define the Connecting Rips ........................................................................ 35
Defining the Bends Element ............................................................................. 35
To Define Nontangent Edges for Bending ...................................................... 36
Bend Pieces Dialog Box.................................................................................... 36
Use Table Menu ................................................................................................. 36
Select Radius Menu........................................................................................... 36
To Change the Bend.......................................................................................... 36
About Conversion.............................................................................................. 37
About Surface Rips ........................................................................................... 37
Pro/SHEETMETAL6
About Edge Rips................................................................................................ 37
About Regular Bends........................................................................................ 37
About Metamorph Option ................................................................................. 37
To Sketch a Flat State of Deformed Areas ...................................................... 37
About Hems........................................................................................................ 38
To Create a Hem ................................................................................................ 38
About Hem Default Shapes and Dimensions.................................................. 39
About Cuts ......................................................................................................... 41
Solid-Class Cut .................................................................................................. 42
Solid Options Menu........................................................................................... 42
Cut Dialog Boxes............................................................................................... 42
Cut Setup Plane Menu....................................................................................... 42
Spec To Menu .................................................................................................... 43
To Create a Cut .................................................................................................. 43
About Rips.......................................................................................................... 43
Rip Dialog Box ................................................................................................... 44
About Regular Rips ........................................................................................... 44
Rip Setup Plane Menu....................................................................................... 44
Bound Surf Menu............................................................................................... 44
To Create a Regular Rip .................................................................................... 44
Feature Refs Menu............................................................................................. 45
To Create a Surface Rip .................................................................................... 45
Rip Pieces Menu ................................................................................................ 45
To Create an Edge Rip ...................................................................................... 45
About Punches and Notches............................................................................ 45
Pro/SHEETMETAL 7
UDF Dialog Box.................................................................................................. 46
Symmetry Menu................................................................................................. 46
To Create a Punch or Notch UDF..................................................................... 46
Group Elements Dialog Box ............................................................................. 47
Scale Menu......................................................................................................... 47
Disp Option Menu.............................................................................................. 48
Sel Ref Menu ...................................................................................................... 48
Grp Place Menu.................................................................................................. 48
To Place a Punch or Notch Feature ................................................................. 48
Defining Skipped References........................................................................... 49
Punch Axis Points in Cuts, Punches and Notches ........................................ 50
To Prepare the Model ........................................................................................ 50
To Create a Multi-model Drawing..................................................................... 51
Detailing Sheet Metal Drawings ....................................................................... 51
Attach Type Menu.............................................................................................. 51
Arc Pnt Type Menu ............................................................................................ 52
Dimension Orientation Menu............................................................................ 52
To Create Driven Dimensions........................................................................... 52
Adding a Bend Order Table .............................................................................. 52
Orientation Menu ............................................................................................... 53
To Display a Bend Order Table in the Drawing .............................................. 53
About Form ........................................................................................................ 53
Menus Used with Forms ................................................................................... 54
Form Options Menu........................................................................................... 54
Place Menu......................................................................................................... 55
Pro/SHEETMETAL8
Punch Form Dialog Box.................................................................................... 55
To Create a Punch Form Feature ..................................................................... 55
Die Form Dialog Box ......................................................................................... 56
To Create a Die Form Feature........................................................................... 57
About Corner Relief........................................................................................... 57
To Create a Corner Relief - Conversion Feature ............................................ 58
To Create a Corner Relief.................................................................................. 58
About Sheet Metal Drawings ............................................................................ 58
About Flatten Form and Stamped Edges ........................................................ 58
Flatten Form....................................................................................................... 58
Stamped Edges.................................................................................................. 59
Example of Flatten Form................................................................................... 59
Flatten Dialog Box ............................................................................................. 59
Feature Refs Menu............................................................................................. 59
To Flatten a Form Feature................................................................................. 59
Flatten Edge Menu............................................................................................. 60
To Flatten Stamped Edges................................................................................ 60
About Sheet Metal Parts ................................................................................... 60
About Part Surfaces .......................................................................................... 61
To View the Part................................................................................................. 61
About Sheet Metal Parameters......................................................................... 61
About Features .................................................................................................. 61
About Design Approach.................................................................................... 61
Feature Order and References ......................................................................... 62
About Unbend and Bend Back......................................................................... 62
Pro/SHEETMETAL 9
Possible Design Approach ............................................................................... 63
About Reports.................................................................................................... 63
Sheet Metal Information Menu.......................................................................... 64
To Access the Bend Report.............................................................................. 64
To Access the Radii Report .............................................................................. 64
About Design Checking .................................................................................... 65
To Define a Rule Table ...................................................................................... 65
To Assign a Rule Table ..................................................................................... 65
To Check a Part Using Design Checking ........................................................ 65
To Modify the Developed Length of a Bend Area........................................... 66
About Flat Patterns............................................................................................ 66
To Create a Flat Pattern .................................................................................... 67
Tweaking a Flat Pattern..................................................................................... 67
Protrusion Dialog Box....................................................................................... 67
To Create a Flat Protrusion............................................................................... 67
About Flat State Instances................................................................................ 67
To Create Flat State Instances ......................................................................... 68
To Create a Fully Flattened Instance ............................................................... 68
To Create a Fully Formed Instance.................................................................. 68
Displaying Flat State Instances........................................................................ 68
Changing Flat State Instances ......................................................................... 69
Editing the Family Table ................................................................................... 69
Suppressing and Resuming Features ............................................................. 69
To Update a Flat State Family........................................................................... 69
Enter Val Menu................................................................................................... 69
Pro/SHEETMETAL10
To Modify the Y-Factor...................................................................................... 70
Fixed Geometry.................................................................................................. 70
To Access the Default Fixed Geometry........................................................... 70
Default Radius.................................................................................................... 70
From Table Menu............................................................................................... 71
To Define or Change the Default Radius......................................................... 71
About Pro/SHEETMETAL Bend Tables............................................................ 71
Types of Bend Tables........................................................................................ 72
About Creating Bend Tables with Pro/TABLE ................................................ 72
Formula Equation .............................................................................................. 73
Conversion Equation......................................................................................... 74
Material Data ...................................................................................................... 75
Table Data........................................................................................................... 75
Bend Table Menu............................................................................................... 75
To Access Pro/TABLE....................................................................................... 75
To Create a Bend Table within a Session ....................................................... 75
To Edit a Bend Table ......................................................................................... 76
To Apply a Bend Table to a Part....................................................................... 76
To Remove a Bend Table from a Part .............................................................. 76
To Modify the K-Factor...................................................................................... 76
About the Y-Factor and K-Factor ..................................................................... 77
To Add Sheet Metal Parameters....................................................................... 77
To Delete Sheet Metal Parameters................................................................... 78
Sheet Metal Parameters Table.......................................................................... 78
To Modify Sheet Metal Parameters .................................................................. 80
Pro/SHEETMETAL 11
To Reset Sheet Metal Parameters to Defaults ................................................ 80
About Reset to Default Parameters ................................................................. 80
To Add Relation for Sheet Metal Parameters.................................................. 80
To Save and Retrieve Sheet Metal Parameter Files ....................................... 81
About Bend Order Tables ................................................................................. 81
Bend Order Menu............................................................................................... 81
Show/Edit Menu................................................................................................. 81
To Create a Bend Order Table.......................................................................... 81
Displaying a Bend Order Table ........................................................................ 82
To Edit a Bend Order Table .............................................................................. 83
To Delete a Bend Order Table .......................................................................... 83
About Base Walls .............................................................................................. 83
To Create the Base Wall.................................................................................... 84
Dimensioning to Mold Line (Base Wall only) .................................................. 84
About Secondary Walls..................................................................................... 85
Which Type of Wall to Use................................................................................ 86
About Automatic Reliefs for Walls................................................................... 87
Menus Used to Create Flat, Extruded, Partial, and Swept Walls .................. 88
Use Table Menu ................................................................................................. 88
Relief Menu......................................................................................................... 88
Select Radius Menu........................................................................................... 88
About Flat Walls................................................................................................. 88
Flat Wall Dialog Box .......................................................................................... 89
To Create a Flat Wall ......................................................................................... 89
About Extruded Walls ....................................................................................... 90
Pro/SHEETMETAL12
Extruded Wall Dialog Box................................................................................. 90
To Create an Extruded Wall .............................................................................. 90
Tangent Entities for an Extruded Wall............................................................. 90
To Create a Tangent Arc or Spline................................................................... 91
Material Thickness for an Extruded Wall ........................................................ 91
To Thicken a Wall Section ................................................................................ 91
About Partial Walls ............................................................................................ 91
To Create an Extruded Partial Wall .................................................................. 92
About Swept Walls ............................................................................................ 93
Swept Wall Dialog Box...................................................................................... 94
Chain Menu ........................................................................................................ 94
To Create a Swept Wall ..................................................................................... 94
Choose Menu ..................................................................................................... 95
Trim/Extend Menu.............................................................................................. 95
To Trim or Extend the Chain Edge................................................................... 95
About Extended Walls....................................................................................... 95
Extend Wall Dialog Box..................................................................................... 96
Ext Dist Menu..................................................................................................... 96
To Create an Extended Wall ............................................................................. 96
About Twists ...................................................................................................... 97
Twist Dialog Box................................................................................................ 97
Twist Axis Pnt Menu.......................................................................................... 98
To Create a Twist ............................................................................................... 98
About Merged Walls .......................................................................................... 98
Merged Wall Dialog Box.................................................................................... 98
Pro/SHEETMETAL 13
To Create a Merged Wall ................................................................................... 98
Example: Stretch and No Relief ....................................................................... 99
Example: Rectangular and Obround Relief Dimensions ............................... 99
Example: Rectangular and Obround Relief .................................................. 100
Example: Rip Relief ......................................................................................... 101
To Convert Sharps to Bends .......................................................................... 101
Pro/SHEETMETAL 15
About Projecting Datum CurvesWhen you create a projected datum curve on a sheet metal part, the curve can be made to follow the unbending
and bending back of sheet metal surfaces. To do this, select Follow Surf from the Follow Opt menu when you
select the feature’s attributes.
This option does not let a datum curve on a flat surface follow the surface when a bend is added. However, if a
curve is projected in the unbent state, it follows the surface during Bend Back.
The Regular option keeps the datum curve where it was projected.
Note: The datum curve color is usually orange. However, when you use the Projected option, the color is
yellow.
About BendsNot only are bends added to the part when a wall feature is created, but the sheet metal part can have bends
added at anytime using the Bend command. The part can be bent and unbent around these bends again and
again using the Unbend and Bend Back features.
Bend Examples
Originalextrudedfeature
Unbend featureadded. All bendsselected.
Bend featuresketched (arrowpoints to side toremain fixed duringb di )
The finishedBend feature.
d1
d2
The Bend feature is used to add a bend to a flat section of the part. You cannot add a bend where it crosses
another bend, but bends can be added across form features.
When adding bends, consider the following:
� You cannot copy a Bend feature by mirroring it.
� Bends with transition areas do not accept bend relief.
� You can generally unbend zero-radius bends, however, you cannot unbend those that have slanted cuts
across them.
About Bend Relief for Regular BendsFor regular bends, you must specify what kind of reliefs are to be used. Click See Also for examples. After you
have sketched the bend and the sketch has been regenerated, the RELIEF menu appears with the following
options:
� No Relief—The bend is created without relief.
� w/Relief—the RELIEF TYPE menu appears. The system highlights each attachment point in turn and asks
you to select the kind of relief you want to use there. Click See Also for examples. Choose from one of the
following:
� No Relief—Create the bend without reliefs.
� StrtchRelief—Use material stretching to provide bend relief where the bend crosses an existing edge
Pro/SHEETMETAL16
of the fixed material.
� RipRelief—At each end selected, cut the fixed material normal to the bend line, to provide relief.
� RectRelief—To create a rectangular relief.
� ObrndRelief—To create an obround relief.
The SEL WIDTH menu appears when you choose the rectangular or obround reliefs. You then type the relief
dimensions and determine if you want to create the relief up to bend or tan to bend. Click See Also for details.
Bend Line LocationThe bend line is used by the system as a reference point for developed length calculation when creating bend
geometry. The location of the resulting wall depends on the side of the bend line on which you create the bend
(see the following illustration).
Resulting Geometry Depending on the Bend Side
FP
BS
BS
FP
FP
BS
1
A
B B
B
1 bend line
A. ISO - bend
B. side – bend
BS bend angle
FP fixed portion
If you want the resulting wall coplanar with the side of the sheet (see the following illustration), adjust the bend
line according to the formula:
BLA = L - (R + T)
where:
BLA —Bend line adjustment
L—Developed length of the bend (determined from table or by formula)
R—Inside radius of the bend
T—Thickness of the sheet metal
Pro/SHEETMETAL 17
Bend Line Adjustment
RL = L
RL
BLA
R
bendside fixed
side
bend line
CB = R + TBLA = L - RL = L - (R + T)
T
T
these surfacesare coplanar
thesesurfaces arenot coplanar
bend linealigned withedge
L - developed length of the bendR - inside bend radius
RL - relief length (=cutback length in rip relief)T - thickness
BLA - bend line adjustment
bend side
fixed side
Note that the relief length must not exceed thedeveloped length of the bend.
R
Bend RadiusBends are added using the Bend feature, or when adding a wall. Bends can be dimensioned to the inside (Inside
Rad) or outside Outside Rad) of the bend, or to a specified surface (White Side or Green Side). Remember,
though, that when you dimension to the outside of the bend, you have to:
� Make the bend radius equal to the radius desired plus the thickness of material (see the following
illustration).
...or...
� If the bend is created when adding an extruded wall, you can thicken the section sketch and re-dimension to
the inside of the bend.
If you are adding an extruded or swept wall, you can specify the No Radius attribute and then sketch the radius
in the section.
Inside and Outside Bend Dimensioning
radius
radius
Outside radius Inside radius
Zero-Radius BendsA bend radius of zero can be entered for a bend. If you look closely at the resulting geometry, you see a sharp
edge on the side to which they are dimensioned. For sheet metal thicknesses where a zero radius bend can be
Pro/SHEETMETAL18
used this should not matter. However, if you want the geometry to show a radius, enter a very small radius, such
as 0.0001.
You can generally unbend zero-radius bends. If you want to unbend the sheet metal part, make sure that the
bends have a small radius. However, you cannot unbend those that have slanted cuts across them.
Zero-Radius Bends
Outside Radius 0 Inside Radius 0
Types of BendsBends can be a combination of attributes—one from each of the following groups:
� Angle—(default) Create a bend with a specified radius and angle
or
� Roll—Create a bend with a specified radius. The resulting angle is determined by both the radius and the
amount of flat material to be bent;
then
� Regular—(default) Create a normal bend with no transition surfaces
or
� w/Transition—Deform the surface between the bend and an area you want to remain flat
or
� Planar—Create a bend around an axis that is perpendicular to the green surface;
then
� Part Bend Table—(default) Use the bend table assigned to the part to calculate the developed length of the
bend. (If no bend table has been assigned to the part, use the Y-factor.)
or
� Feature Bend Table —Use a specific bend table for this bend only;
then
� Inside Rad—(default) Apply the radius to the inside of the bend
or
� Outside Rad—Apply the radius to the outside of the bend;
and, finally, (for Regular Bends only)
� No Relief—(default) Create a bend without reliefs
or
� w/ Relief—Create automatic bend reliefs.
About Menus Used with BendsWhen you create an angle, roll, or edge bend, or a bend with transition, you must specify a bend table and
radius for the bend.
When you create an angle or roll bend you must specify relief.
Dialog boxes are used to define these types of bends. You define the following in the main dialog box for each
type of bend:
Pro/SHEETMETAL 19
� Angle bend
� bend table
� relief
� radius
� Roll bend
� bend table
� relief
� radius
� Bend with transition
� bend table
� radius
You define the bend table and radius in the subdialog box to change an edge bend.
When you select one of these elements, the appropriate menu appears to aid in your definition.
The Use Table menu, Relief menu, and Select Radius menu are described here.
Use Table MenuUse the Use Table menu after you select the Bend Table element to specify the type of bend table to assign to
the bend:
� Part Bend Tbl—Use the default part bend table.
� Feat Bend Tbl—Assign a specific bend table to this feature. The Data Files menu appears with a list of
possible bend tables.
Relief MenuUse the Relief menu after you select the Relief element to do the following:
� No Relief—The bend is created without relief.
� w/Relief—Brings up the Relief Type menu. The system highlights each end of the bend line in turn and
asks you to select the kind of relief you want to use there. Choose from one of the following:
� No Relief—That end of the bend will not have relief.
� StrtchRelief—Relieve that end of the bend by stretching it. If you choose this option, the system
prompts you to enter the relief width and relief angle.
� Rip Relief—Relieve that end of the bend by cutting the fixed material normal to the bend line.
Select Radius MenuUse the Select Radius menu after you select the Radius element to do the following:
� Thickness—Sheet metal thickness.
� Enter Value—Enter a value at the keyboard.
� Default—Use the defined Default Radius. (This option appears only if the Default Radius has already been
defined.)
� From Table—If a Bend Table has been assigned and you select this option, the From Table menu appears
with a listing of all the radii in the table. You can then choose one of the values.
Angle Bend Dialog BoxThe dialog box for a regular angle bend appears when you select Angle and Regular from the Options menu.
The dialog box lists the following elements:
Pro/SHEETMETAL20
� Bend Table (required)—Use the default part bend table or assign a specific bend table to the feature.
� Radius Type (required)—Inside radius or outside radius.
� Sketch (required)—Sketch the bend line. It must be a single straight line and it must be aligned to outside
edges at both ends.
� Relief (required)—The type of relief to be used.
� Bend Angle (required)—The angle of bend.
� Radius (required)—Bend radius.
To Add a Regular Angle Bend1. Choose Bend from the SHEET METAL menu.
2. Choose type Angle and the attribute Regular from the OPTIONS menu. Then choose Done. The BEND
Options: Angle, Regular dialog box appears.
3. Choose the Bend Table element, then the Define button. The USE TABLE menu appears. Choose the type
of bend table that you want, then Done.
4. To define the radius type, choose Inside Rad or Outside Rad from the RADIUS SIDE menu, then
Done/Return.
5. Choose the Sketch element, then the Define button. Select the surface on which you want to create the
bend. Create your sketching references. Try to create references to local geometry.
Sketch the bend line. This must be a line, and there can only be one entity. You must align it to an outside
edge at each end.
Dimension and regenerate the bend sketch . After it successfully regenerates, choose Done.
The BEND SIDE menu appears. Select the side of the bend line on which you want to create the feature.
Pointing the arrow to one side or the other keeps the bend totally to that side, regardless of the bend radius.
Selecting Both creates the bend area equally on both sides of the sketched line.
The DIRECTION menu appears. Use the Flip/Okay options to select the surface to remain fixed.
6. Choose the Relief element, then the Define button. The RELIEF menu appears. Choose one of the options,
then Done.
7. Choose the Bend Angle element, then the Define button. The DEF BEND ANGLE menu appears. Choose
one of the standard listed values or choose Enter Value and enter the exact value (in degrees).
8. To change the direction of the angle, choose Flip. Then choose Done.
9. Choose the Radius element, then the Define button. Choose one of the options from the SEL RADIUS menu
or enter the bend radius.
10. The feature is now fully defined. Choose OK on the dialog box. The system creates the Regular Angled
Bend.
About Roll BendsThe section for a Roll bend is sketched like that for an angle bend; the direction of bending, however, is
determined when you select the direction of viewing the sketching plane. The bend is created in the direction
you are viewing, that is, away from you.
The dialog box for a regular roll bend appears when you select Roll and Regular from the Options menu.
The dialog box lists the following elements:
� Bend Table (required)—Use the default part bend table or
assign a specific bend table to the feature.
� Radius Type (required)—Inside Radius or Outside Radius.
� Sketch (required)—Sketch the bend line. It must be a single straight line and it must be aligned to
outside edges at both ends.
� Relief (required)—The type of relief to be used.
� Radius (required)—Bend radius
Pro/SHEETMETAL 21
To Add a Roll Bend1. Choose Bend from the SHEET METAL menu.
2. Choose type Roll and the attribute Regular from the OPTIONS menu. Then choose Done. The BEND
Options: Roll, Regular dialog box appears.
3. Choose the Bend Table element, then the Define button. The USE TABLE menu appears. Choose the type
of bend table that you want, then Done.
4. To define the radius type, choose Inside Rad or Outside Rad from the RADIUS SIDE menu, then
Done/Return.
5. Choose the Sketch element, then the Define button. Create your sketching references. Try to create
references to local geometry.
Sketch the bend line. This must be a line, and there can only be one entity.You must align it to an outside
edge at each end.
Dimension and regenerate the bend sketch. When it has successfully regenerated, choose Done.
The BEND SIDE menu appears. Select the side on which you want to create the feature. Pointing the arrow
to one side or the other keeps the bend totally to that side, regardless of the bend radius. Selecting Both
creates the bend area equally on both sides of the sketched line.
The DIRECTION menu appears. Use the Flip/Okay options to select the surface to remain fixed.
6. Choose the Relief element, then the Define button. The RELIEF menu appears. Choose one of the options,
then Done.
7. Choose the Radius element, then the Define button. Choose one of the options from the SEL RADIUS menu
or enter the bend radius.
Since the whole selected portion is to be bent with this radius, make sure the radius value is big enough so
that the part does not intersect itself.
8. The feature is now fully defined. Choose OK from the dialog box. The system creates the Roll Bend.
About Bend with TransitionIf you want to bend only one portion of a sheet metal plane and leave other portions flat or with different bend
conditions, you can create a bend with transitions (see the following illustration ). It is created by sketching
multiple sections: first section with the bend line, then one or more sections for transition areas. Each transition
area sketch must consist of two lines; the line adjacent to the bend area must be sketched first.
If you want to have a cut in the transition area, either put it in before you make the bend or do so afterwards by
unbending the bend, making the cut, then bending the bend back.
Bend Angle, w/Transition Dialog BoxThe dialog box for a bend with transitions appears when you select Angle or Roll and w/Transition options from
the Options menu.
The dialog box lists the following elements:
� Bend Table (required)—Use the default part bend table or
assign a specific bend table to the feature.
� Radius Type (required) —Inside radius or outside radius.
� Sketch (required)—Sketch the bend line. It must be a single straight line and it must be aligned to
outside edges at both ends.
� Trans. Areas (required)—Sketch the boundaries of the transition areas.
� Bend Angle (Angle Bend only–required)—The angle of bend.
� Radius (required)—Bend radius.
To Create a Bend with Transitions1. Choose Bend from the SHEET METAL menu.
2. Choose Angle or Roll, w/Transition and Done from the OPTIONS menu.
Pro/SHEETMETAL22
3. The BEND Options: Angle, w/Transition dialog box appears.
4. Choose the Bend Table element, then the Define button. The USE TABLE menu appears. Choose the type
of bend table that you want, then Done.
5. Choose the Radius Type element, then the Define button.The RADIUS SIDE menu appears. Choose Inside
Rad or Outside Rad, then Done/Return.
6. Choose the Sketch element, then the Define button. Create your sketching references. Sketch the bend line.
Regenerate and choose Done. Select the sides to bend and remain fixed.
7. Choose the Trans.Areas element, then the Define button. Sketch the (first) transition area. Remember to
sketch the line adjacent to the bend area first.
9. Sketch another transition area if desired. Otherwise, enter [N] to the system prompt.
8. Choose the Bend Angle element, then the Define button. The DEF BEND ANGLE menu appears. Choose
one of the standard listed values or choose Enter Value and enter the exact value (in degrees).
9. Choose the Radius element, then the Define button. Choose one of the options from the SEL RADIUS menu
or enter the bend radius.
10. The feature is now fully defined. Choose OK on the dialog box. The system creates the bend.
About Planar BendsA planar bend creates the bend feature around an axis that is perpendicular to the sketching plane. (See the
following illustrations for examples.)
Planar Bends
1
1 Base Line
Base Part Before Bend
1
A B
A. Planar angle bend
B. Planar roll bend
1. R = 1.5
The neutral point for Planar Bends is placed according to the current Y-Factor. Bend tables are not applicable.
Pro/SHEETMETAL 23
Planar Bend Dialog BoxThe dialog box for a planar bend appears when you select Angle or Roll and w/Transition options from the
Options menu.
The dialog box lists the following elements:
� Bend Table (required)—Use the default part bend table or assign a specific bend table to the feature.
� Sketch (required)—Sketch the bend line. It must be a single straight line and it must be aligned to
outside edges at both ends.
� Bend Angle (Angle Bend only - required)—The angle of bend.
� Radius (required)—Bend radius.
� Bend Side (required)—Define the direction in which to create the bend.
To Create a Planar Bend1. Choose Bend from the SHEET METAL menu.
2. Choose Angle or Roll, then Planar from the OPTIONS menu.
3. The BEND Options: Angle, Planar dialog box appears.
4. Choose the Bend Table element, then the Define button. The USE TABLE menu appears. Choose the type
of bend table that you want, then Done.
5. Choose the Sketch element, then the Define button. Set up the sketching references. Sketch the bend line.
Regenerate and choose Done.
6. Select the side on which to create the feature. Pointing the arrow to one side or the other keeps the bend
totally to that side, regardless of the bend radius. Selecting Both creates the bend area equally on both sides
of the sketched line.
7. Use the Flip/Okay options to select the surface to remain fixed.
8. Choose the Bend Angle element (for angle bend only), then the Define button. The DEF BEND ANGLE
menu appears. Choose one of the standard listed values or choose Enter Value and enter the exact value
(in degrees).
9. Choose the Radius element, then the Define button. Choose one of the options from the SEL RADIUS menu
or enter the bend radius.
10. Choose the Bend Side element, then the Define button. Use the Flip/Okay options to select the direction of
the axis of revolution. This determines the direction in which the bend is to be created.
11. The feature is now fully defined, Choose OK on the dialog box. The system creates the Planar Bend.
About Edge BendsUse the Edge Bend feature to convert nontangent, box-type edges to bends. The bend parameters are initially set
to common default values. However, you can change those values for each edge individually.
The following illustration is an example of a simple edge bend.
Edge Bend
21
1. Before
2. After
Pro/SHEETMETAL24
Regular and Follow Surf Projected Datum Curves
1
2
A
B
A. Unbent State
B. Bent Back State
1. Follow surf projected datum curve.
2. Regular projected datum curve.
The dialog box for an edge bend appears when you select Edge Bend from the Sheet Metal menu.
The dialog box contains one element:
Edge Bend—Displays the Bend Pieces menu. Use the menu to select the edge(s) to be bent.
Bend Pieces MenuUse the Bend Pieces menu after you select the Edge Bend element to do the following:
� Add—Select/add an edge to be bent.
� Remove—Remove previously-selected edges individually from the list of those to be bent.
� Remove All—Erase the list of edges to be bent. If you select this option, the system prompts you for a
confirmation.
� Redefine—Redefine the bend parameters for selected edge bends.
� Done Sets—Finish defining the edge bends and return to the dialog box.
To Create an Edge Bend1. Choose Edge Bend from the SHEET METAL menu. The EDGE BEND dialog box appears.
2. Choose the Edge Bend element, then the Define button. The BEND PIECES menu appears.
3. Pick the edges to be bent. The system highlights the selected edges in the Volume color (magenta).
4. By default, the bends have the following characteristics:
� Bend Table—Part bend table
� Radius Type—Inside radius
� Radius—Default radius; else Thickness.
5. If you are satisfied with the default characteristics for the bends, choose Done Sets to return to the EDGE
BEND dialog box.
Pro/SHEETMETAL 25
Bend Pieces Dialog BoxThe dialog box to change an edge bend appears when you select the edge (piece) that you want to change from
the Piece Sel namelist menu.
The dialog box contains the following elements:
� Select Piece—Reselect the piece to be bent.
� Bend Table—By default, part bend table. Select to assign a specific bend table to the bend.
� Radius Type—By default, inside radius. Select to change to outer radius.
� Radius—By default, set to sheet metal thickness. Select to change.
To Change an Edge Bend1. Choose Redefine from the BEND PIECES menu. The PIECE SEL namelist menu appears with a list of the
edges in the order selected. They are named in sequence Piece # 1, Piece #2 and so on. As you move the
cursor over each item in the list, the system highlights the corresponding edge (in red) on the model.
2. Select a piece that you want to change. The BEND PIECES: Bend Piece # n dialog box appears.
3. Choose the Select Piece element, then the Define button.
4. Choose the Bend Table element, then the Define button. The USE TABLE menu appears. Choose the type
of bend table that you want, then Done.
5. Choose the Radius Type element, then the Define button.The RADIUS SIDE menu appears. Choose Inside
Rad or Outside Rad, then Done/Return.
6. Choose the Radius element, then the Define button. Choose one of the options from the SEL RADIUS menu
or enter the bend radius.
7. Click on the OK button in the BEND PIECES dialog box. The BEND PIECES menu reappears.
8. Choose Redefine to change other bends; or choose Done Sets to return to the EDGE BEND dialog box.
9. The feature is now fully defined. Choose OK on the dialog box. The system converts the selected edges to
bends.
About UnbendsUse the Unbend feature to unbend any curved surface on the sheet metal part, whether it is a bend feature or a
curved wall.
Use the Unbend Opt menu to do the following:
� Regular—(Default) Pick an existing bend or wall feature to unbend. You can use this option to unbend
most bends in a part. After the bend, the surfaces that were tangential to the bend are in the same plane. If
you select all bends, you create a flat pattern of your part.
� Transition—Select stationary surfaces and transitional surfaces to create an unbend feature. This can be
used on undevelopable surfaces, such as blended walls.
� Xsec Driven—Select stationary surfaces and specify a cross-sectional curve to determine the shape of the
unbend feature. This can be used on undevelopable surfaces, such as hems and flanges.
� Done—Continue with the unbending process.
� Quit—Abort the unbending proce
Regular UnbendsMost bends in a part can be unbent with the regular option. Use the regular option to unbend undevelopable
(deformed) surfaces and twists.
Unbend Dialog BoxThe dialog box to unbend a regular bend appears when you select Regular from the Unbend Opts menu.
Pro/SHEETMETAL26
The dialog box lists the following elements:
� Fixed Geom (required)—The region of the model that is to remain fixed during the unbend.
� Unbend Geom (required)—The bend features that are to be unbent.
� Deformation (not applicable to a regular unbend).
To Unbend a Regular Bend1. Choose Unbend from the SHEET METAL menu. The UNBEND OPT menu appears.
2. Choose Regular from the UNBEND OPT menu, then choose Done.
3. The UNBEND (Regular Type) dialog box appears.
4. Choose the Fixed Geom element, then the Define button. Select the surface that is to remain fixed while
you unbend the part.
5. Choose the Unbend Geom element, then the Define button. The UNBENDSEL menu appears. Choose one
of the options.
6. When you have finished selecting bends, the FEATURE REFS menu appears. Choose Done Refs from it.
7. The feature is now fully defined. Choose OK on the dialog box. The system unbends the selected bends.
Note: If you have added walls that intersect once they are unbent, Pro/ENGINEER highlights the
intersecting edges in red and warns you with a prompt.
Regular Unbend of Undevelopable SurfacesIt is often necessary to unbend undevelopable (deformed) surfaces, such as wall features consisting of complex
curved surfaces. In order for the system to unbend deformed material, the unbend must be reduced to a simple
unbend. The defining rule is that all surfaces to be unbent must either have an outside edge or be adjacent to a
deformed area which has an outside edge.
If you are unbending an area and the system cannot unbend it, citing undevelopable regions as the reason, you
can do one of the following:
� Regular Unbend with Surface Rip—Remove existing surface(s) between the undevelopable regions and
outside edges.
� Regular Unbend with Edge Rip —Make a sawcut along the edge of a surface that extends from the
undevelopable region to the outside. You can also look on the edge rip as a contact between an enclosed
undevelopable surface and the outside.
� Regular Unbend with Deform Areas—Divide an existing surface into a number of smaller contiguous ones.
One or more of the smaller surfaces contacts an enclosed undevelopable surface on one side. Likewise, one
or more of the smaller surfaces contacts an outside edge.
� Sketch Unbend with Deformed Areas – Sketch the flat state of the deformation area using the Metamorph
option.
Unbend Geometry MenuUse the UnbendSel menu after you select the Unbend Geom element to do the following:
� UnbendSelect—The Get Select menu appears. Select one or more bends to unbend, then choose Done.
� Unbend All—Unbends all bends automatically, then choose Done.
To Unbend an Undevelopable Surface with DeformAreas1. Choose Unbend from the SHEET METAL menu; the UNBEND OPT menu appears.
2. Choose Regular from the UNBEND OPT menu, then choose Done. The UNBEND (Regular Type) dialog
box appears.
3. Pick the region of the model that is to remain stationary during the unbend. Choose the Fixed Geom
element, then the Define button. Select the surface that is to remain fixed.
Pro/SHEETMETAL 27
4. Choose the Unbend Geom element, then the Define button. The UNBENDSEL menu appears. Choose one
of the options.
5. When you have finished selecting bends, the FEATURE REFS menu appears.
6. The Add option is preselected on the FEATURE REFS menu. The GET SELECT menu appears. The system
issues a message saying that some (undevelopable) deformation surfaces do not reach outside the part and
asks you to select surfaces to be deformed. At the same time, the undevelopable deformation surfaces in
question highlight in mauve in the active graphical window.
7. If you have not already defined those areas as Deform Areas, you must temporarily quit the Unbend
function.
8. Choose deform areas that extend from the highlighted surfaces to outside edges of the part. Then choose
Done from the GET SELECT menu and Done Refs from the FEATURE REFS menu.
9. The feature is now fully defined. Choose OK on the dialog box. The system unbends the selected bend
features.
Notes:
� You can make cuts in the stretched areas (i.e. the Undevelopable Regions and the Deform Areas) while
they are in the flattened state after being completely unbent.
� The deform area in a partial unbend can be non-tangent. In that case, you cannot unbend it further. As a
rule, you should unbend only a fully-formed area. Likewise, you should only bend back a fully-unbent
area.
About Deform AreasYou might have to create Deform Areas that act as bridges between undevelopable regions and outside edges.
When creating deform areas, consider the following:
� Deform areas require tangency.
� You can make cuts in deform areas when those areas are unbent. Bend them back again after you make the
cut.
Deformation Area Dialog BoxThe dialog box to create a deform area appears when you select the Deform Area option from the Sheet Metal
menu.
The dialog box lists only one element as follows:
Sketch (required)—Sketch the deform area.
To Create Deform Areas1. Choose Deform Area from the SHEET METAL menu. The DEFORMATION AREA (Split Type) dialog
box appears.
2. Choose the Sketch element, then the Define button. The SETUP SK PLN (Set up Sketching Plane) menu
appears with Setup New preselected. This brings up the SETUP PLANE menu with Plane selected.
3. Select the surface on which you are going to create the Deform
Area, then choose Done.The SKETCHER menu appears.
4. Sketch the Deform Area. The Deform Area must be closed, in contact with the undevelopable region and
have an outside edge. In the example, the area is defined as follows.
� Choose Use Edge from the GEOM TOOLS menu, then pick the common edge between the
undevelopable region and the Deform Area.
� Choose Use Edge, then pick the outside edge of the Deform Area.
� Pick two points on the outside edge as vertices.
� Connect these two outside vertices to the vertices of the undevelopable surface on the common edge.
5. Dimension/align the area, then regenerate it.
6. Choose Done from the SKETCHER menu The system creates the Deform Area.
Pro/SHEETMETAL28
About Transition UnbendTransition Unbend is used to unbend non-developable geometry that cannot be unbent with a Regular Unbend.
To use it, you must define the transition geometry (typically, blended surfaces). The transition geometry is
temporarily removed from the model. The (remaining) developable surfaces are then unbent. Finally, the
transition geometry is placed back in the flat pattern.
Transition Unbend Dialog BoxThe dialog box for transitional unbend appears when you select Transition from the Unbend Opt menu.
The Dialog Box lists the following elements:
� Fixed Geom (required)—The region of the model that is to remain fixed during the unbend.
� Trans Areas (required)—The surfaces that are used as transitional areas during the unbending.
Feature Reference MenuUse the Feature Refs menu after you select the Fixed Geom element to do the following:
� Add—(Default) Select a surface or edge to remain fixed.
� Remove—Select a surface or edge to remove from those already selected to be fixed.
� Remove All—Unselect all surfaces or edges selected to be fixed.
� Done Refs—Finish selection of references for the unbend feature.
� Quit Refs—Discard selection of references for the unbend feature.
To Use Transition Unbend1. Choose Unbend from the SHEET METAL menu. The UNBEND OPT menu appears.
2. Choose Transition from the UNBEND OPT menu, then choose Done. The UNBEND (Transition Type)
dialog box appears.
3. Choose the Fixed Geom element, then the Define button. The FEATURE REFS menu appears.
Pick one or more planes or edges to remain fixed while unbending. The selected entities highlight in
magenta. Note that both the green and white sides of a surface must be selected in order for the selection to
be valid.
Choose Done Sel when you are finished, then choose Done Refs to continue.
4. The FEATURE REFS menu reappears, with Add again chosen by default. Choose the Trans Areas element,
then the Define button.
Pick the transitional surfaces that needs to be unbent. Again, both the green and white sides of a surface
must be selected in order for the selection to be valid. Adjacent edge surfaces must be selected also. The
selected entries highlight in magenta.
5. Choose Done Sel when you are finished; then Done Refs from the FEATURE REFS menu.
6. The feature is now fully defined. Choose OK fawn the dialog box. The system creates the Transition
Unbend.
About Cross Section-Driven UnbendCross section-driven unbends are useful for unbending undevelopable surfaces such as curved walls with
irregular outlines. Cross section refers to a curve that is used to influence the outline of the region being unbent.
To unbend the geometry, the system takes a series of cross sections along the curve and projects them onto a
plane.
The system needs the following three pieces of information in order to create this type of unbend:
� Fixed Edges—The boundary between the geometry to be unbent and the surface that is to remain fixed (you
can pick either the green or white side).
� Xsec Curve—The curve used to control the cross sections.
Pro/SHEETMETAL 29
� Fixed Side—The side of the boundary that is to remain fixed during the Unbend.
The system then builds cross sections perpendicular to the curve and projects them down onto the cross-
sectional curve.
Note: The cross sections created must not intersect inside the unbent geometry.
Cross-section Unbend Dialog BoxThe dialog box for cross-section-driven unbend appears when you select Xsec Driven from the Unbend Opt
menu.
The dialog box lists the following elements:
� Fixed Edges (required)—The boundary between the geometry to be unbent and the surface that is to
remain fixed.
� Xsec Curve (required)—The curve used to control the cross-sections.
� Fixed Side (required)—The side of the boundary that is to remain fixed during the Unbend.
Xseccurve MenuUse the Xseccurve menu after you select the Xsec Curve element to do the following:
� Select Curve—Select an existing curve.
� Sketch Curve—Sketch a curve.
To Create a Cross-Section-Driven Unbend1. Choose Unbend from the SHEET METAL menu. The UNBEND OPT menu appears.
2. Choose Xsec Driven, from the UNBEND OPT menu, then choose Done. The UNBEND (Xsec Driven
Type) dialog box appears.
3. Choose the Fixed Edges element, then the Define button.
The CHAIN and GET SELECT menus appear. The system prompts you to select the fixed edges.
Choose Done from the CHAIN menu.
4. Choose the Xsec Curve element, then the Define button. The XSECCURVE menu appears and the system
prompts you to specify the curve used to control the cross-sections. Choose one of the options and then
Done.
� If you chose Select Curve, the CHAIN menu and GET SELECT menus reappear.
� The curve you select must be on a plane that is coplanar with the Fixed Edges.
� Select the curve and then choose Done from the CHAIN menu.
� If you chose Sketch Curve, the SETUP SK PLN menu appears with Setup New preselected. This brings
up the SETUP PLANE menu with Plane preselected.
� Select or create a sketching plane. Again, remember that it must be coplanar with the Fixed Edges.
� Sketch the cross section curve. Note that the curve can actually be a straight line.
� Dimension/align the curve, then choose Done.
5. Choose the Fixed Side element, then the Define button. The FLIP DIR menu appears and the system
prompts you to select the side that you want to remain fixed. Choose Flip if you want to switch between the
two sides, then, choose Okay.
6. The feature is now fully defined. Choose OK on the dialog box. The system creates the Unbend.
Note: You cannot bend back a cross section-driven unbend.
About Bend BackWhen a bend has been unbent, you can use the Bend Back command to return it to its original condition.
Notes:
If you partially bend back a regular unbend that contains a deform area, you might not be able to complete
Pro/SHEETMETAL30
the bend back to the fully-formed condition. As a rule, you should only bend back a fully-unbent area.
� You cannot bend back a cross section-driven unbend.
Bend Back Dialog BoxThe dialog box for a regular roll bend appears when you select Roll and Regular from the Options menu.
The dialog box lists the following elements:
� Fixed Geom (required)—The region of the model that is to remain fixed during the bend back.
� BendBack Geom (required)—The unbent feature(s) to be bent back.
Bend Back Selection MenuUse the Bendbacksel menu after you select the BendBack Geom element to do the following:
� BendBack Sel—The Get Select menu appears. Select one or more Unbends to bend back, then choose
Done.
� BendBack All—All Unbends are bent back automatically.
To Bend Back the Part1. Choose Bend Back from the SHEET METAL menu.
2. The BEND BACK dialog box appears.
3. Choose the Fixed Geom element, then the Define button. Select the surface that is to remain fixed while
you unbend the part.
4. Choose the BendBack Geom element, then the Define button.The BENDBACKSEL menu appears. Choose
one of the options, then Done.
5. The feature is now fully defined. Choose OK on the dialog box. The system bends back the selected
unbends.
As the system bends back each selected unbend, it examines its contours. If it finds that a contour partially
intersects the bend area, it highlights that part of the contour and prompts you as to whether you want this
contour to remain flat.
SMT CONVERT MenuUse the Smt Convert menu found under the Enterpart menu to do the following:
� Driving Srf—If the part is a thin one or if it has been shelled out already, select a surface to use as the
driving (green) sheet metal surface.
� Shell—Shell out the solid part.
� Weldment— Convert thin solid parts to sheet metal subassemblies.
� Quit—Quit the current procedure.
To Convert the Solid Part1. Retrieve the solid part.
2. Click Applications > Sheetmetal. The SMT CONVERT menu appears.
3. Choose Driving Srf, Shell, or Weldment to choose the driving surface, shell out the part, or convert to
sheet metal subassemblies. Click See Also for details.
To Choose the Driving SurfaceThe driving surface operates on solid parts with opposed surfaces. Pro/Engineer prompts you to select the
driving (green) side of the material. Parts consisting of quilts can also be converted but the user must create a
surface offset and set the offset distance to zero.
1. Click SMT CONVERT > Driving Sft. The GET SELECT menu appears.
Pro/SHEETMETAL 31
2. Select the surface that you want to use as the driving (green) sheet metal surface. The system designates the
selected surface as the driving (green) one.
To Shell Out the Part1. Choose Shell from the SMT CONVERT menu. The FEATURE REFS menu appears, with the Add option pre-
selected. This, in turn, brings up the GET SELECT menu.
2. Select one or more surfaces to be removed from the part, then choose Done Refs from the FEATURE REFS
menu.
3. Enter the shell thickness in response to the prompt.
Note: The thickness must be greater than the smallest outside radius in the part. The part is now shelled out.
Converting Part to SolidYou can convert it back to a solid by suppressing/deleting the Convert feature and every feature after it (use the
Clip option in the DELETE/SUPP menu).
If you want to add solid features to the part before the Convert feature, use the Insert Mode option in the FEAT
menu.
About Conversion of Box-type PartsAfter you have converted a solid box-type part to a sheet metal one, you still need to convert sharp edges to
bends and to define rips so that the part can be flattened. You can now use the Conversion functionality to do all
that in one feature.
In summary, the Conversion feature enables you to do the following:
� Define compound rips composed of edge rips and planar, point-to-point connecting rips.
� Automate the conversion of non-tangent intersecting edges to bends, by using the Edge Bend functionality.
� Define corner edge rips as open (default) or overlapping.
� Specify break points on edges, which can then be partially ripped and partially bent.
� Specify point relief at vertices of bends and rips.
The illustration Typical Base Part shows a simple solid part converted to a sheet metal part by shelling it and
removing some surfaces. However, you cannot build this part, because it cannot be flattened out.
Typical Base Part
Convert fromsolid to sheetmetal
(a) Solid Part (b) Sheet Metal Part
To flatten the part, you must add a series of rips to it, as shown in the following illustration. When you unbend
the part, it breaks along the rips.
Pro/SHEETMETAL32
Desired Form of Part
Connecting rip
Edgerips
Flat Pattern
To Start the Conversion Process1. Choose Conversion from the SHEET METAL menu. The SMT CONVERSION dialog box appears.
2. Choose the elements that you want to define.
About the Conversion Dialog BoxUse the Smt Conversion dialog box to define or change the feature before you create it. The elements in the
dialog box are:
� Point Reliefs (optional)—Datum points on edges (selected or created on the fly). Such a datum point can
serve the following functions:
� Define a break point that divides an existing edge into two separate edges; then you can rip the edge
partially and bend the edge partially.
� Define the end of a connection rip.
� Define point relief at a vertex of a bend and a rip.
� Edge Rip (optional)—Edges to be ripped out. Corner edges can be open or overlapping.
� Rip Connect (optional)—Planar, straight-line rips. The endpoints can be relief points or vertices. The points
can be at the ends of rips or on the part border.
� Bends (optional)—Non-tangential edges to be converted into bends. Note that when you specify an edge as
a rip, the system automatically selects all non-tangent intersecting edges as bends when you choose OK or
Preview from the dialog box. Optionally, you can also select other non-tangential edges for bending.
Defining the Point Reliefs ElementUse the Pnt Reliefs menu after you select the Point Reliefs element to do the following:
� Create—Create a new datum point on an existing edge on the fly. If you select this option, Pnt Dim Mode
appears with the following options:
� Offset—Set the point a specified distance from a plane. Pick the edge, then the plane. Enter the value.
� Length Ratio—Pick the edge and then enter the location as a decimal fraction of the edge length
(range 0.0 through 1.0).
� Actual Len—Pick the edge and then enter the actual distance along the edge.
� Quit—Abort the point creation.
� Select (preselected)—Select an existing datum point.
� Unselect—Unselect a previously-selected datum point.
� Done—Accept the selections and return to the dialog box.
To Create or Select Point Reliefs1. Choose the Point Reliefs element, then the Define button. The PNT RELIEFS menu appears.
2. Create/select the points and then choose Done from the
PNT RELIEFS menu.
Pro/SHEETMETAL 33
Selecting the Edge Rip ElementUse the Rip Pieces menu after you select the Edge Rip element to do the following:
� Add—Select/add an edge** to be ripped (**or edge piece, if you have already divided the edge with relief
points).
� Remove—Remove previously-selected edges individually from the list of those to be ripped.
� Remove All—Erase the list of edges to be ripped. If you select this option, the system prompts you for a
confirmation.
� Redefine—Redefine selected edge rips or the corner type for corner rips.
� Done Sets—Finish defining the edge rips and return to the Smt Conversion dialog box.
Rip Pieces Dialog BoxAfter you select the corner edge rip to change, the RIP PIECES: Rip Piece # N dialog box appears. The
elements in the dialog box are:
� Select Piece—Reselect the edge to be ripped.
� Corner Type—Initially set to Open. Displays the Corner Def menu.
Corner Def MenuUse the Corner Def menu to change the corner type from Open to Overlap with the following options:
� Open (preselected)—Open Type.
� Overlap—One side of the rip overlaps the other. If you select this, a series of parallel red arrows appears on
the selected edge to show the direction of overlap. The length of the overlap is set to the thickness of the
sheet metal.
� Flip—Enabled only when you select the Overlap option. Select this option to change the direction of
overlap.
� Done—Accept the choice and return to the Rip Pieces dialog box.
To Select Edges to Rip1. Choose the Edge Rip element, then the Define button. The RIP PIECES menu appears (only the Add and
Done Sets options are enabled initially).
2. Pick the edges that you want to rip. The system highlights the selected edges in section color (cyan).
3. By default, the rips are open. If you want some of them to overlap, choose Redefine from the RIP PIECES
menu. PIECE SEL namelist appears with a list of the edges in the order selected. They are named in
sequence Piece # 1, Piece #2 and so on. As you move the cursor over each item in the list, the system
highlights the corresponding edge (in red) on the model.
4. Select a corner edge rip to change. RIP PIECES: Rip Piece
# N dialog box appears.
5. Choose the Corner Type element, then the Define button. The CORNER DEF menu appears.
6. Choose the corner type and Done. The RIP PIECES dialog box reappears.
7. Choose OK from the RIP PIECES dialog box. The RIP PIECES menu reappears.
8. Choose Redefine to change the corner type of other edge rips; or choose Done Sets to return to the SMT
CONVERSION dialog box.
Defining the Rip Connect ElementConnecting rips are planar straight lines. The rips cannot be colinear with existing edges. Their endpoints can be
datum points or vertices. The endpoints can be at the ends of rips or on the part border.
Use the Rip Connect menu after you select the Rip Connect element to do the following:
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� Add—Add a new piece.
� Remove—Remove previously-defined connecting rips individually from the list of those to be created.
� Remove All—Erase the list of connecting rips. If you choose this option, the system prompts you for a
confirmation.
� Redefine—Redefine selected connecting rips.
� Done Sets—Finish defining the connecting rips and return to the Smt Conversion dialog box.
Rip Connect Dialog BoxWhen you select the Add option from the Rip Connect menu, the RIP CONNECT: Rip Connection # N dialog
box appears. The elements in the dialog box are:
� First End—Define one end of the connecting rip.
� Second End—Define the other end of the connecting rip.
To Define the Connecting Rips1. Choose the Rip Connect element, then the Define button. The RIP CONNECT menu appears (only the Add
and Done Sets options are enabled initially).
2. Choose the Add option. The RIP CONNECT: Rip Connection #N dialog box appears.
Each end must be a vertex or a previously-selected breakpoint/relief point; it must be either at the end of a
rip or on the part border.
3. Choose the First End element, then the Define button. The GET SELECT menu appears.
4. Pick the first end of the rip. A series of dashed yellow lines appears radiating from the first endpoint, to
possible second endpoints for the rip (see (a) in the following illustration).
Defining a Connecting Rip
(a) after first endselected
(b) after secondend selected
edge rip
first end
second end
edge rip
5. Pick the second end of the rip. The extraneous dashed yellow lines are cleared, leaving only the one
representing the selected rip (see (b) in the above illustration).
6. Choose OK in the RIP CONNECT dialog box. The RIP CONNECT menu reappears.
7. After you finish defining the connecting rips, choose Done Sets to return to the SMT CONVERSION dialog
box.
Defining the Bends ElementWhen you specify an edge as a rip, the system automatically selects any non-tangent intersecting edges as bends
when you click the OK or Preview buttons in the dialog box. By default, the system sets the inner radii of these
bends to the thickness of the sheet metal (only the Add and Done Sets options are enabled initially).
Use the Bend Pieces menu after you select the Bends element to do the following:
� Add—Select/add edges, or pieces of edges, that you want to bend.
� Remove—Remove previously-selected edges individually from the list of those you want to bend.
� Remove All—Erase the list of pieces you want to bend. If you choose this option, the system prompts you
for a confirmation.
� Redefine—Redefine selected bend pieces.
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� Done Sets—Finish defining the bends and return to the Smt Conversion dialog box.
To Define Nontangent Edges for Bending1. Choose the Bends element, then the Define button. The BEND PIECES menu appears (only the Add and
Done Sets options are enabled initially).
2. Pick the edges that you want to bend. The system highlights the selected edges in the Volume color
(magenta).
By default, the bends have the following characteristics:
� Bend Table—Part Bend Table
� Radius Type—Inside Radius
� Radius—Default Radius (if defined); else Thickness.
3. If you are satisfied with the default characteristics for the bends, choose Done Sets to return to the SMT
CONVERSION dialog box, then skip to Creating the Conversion Feature.
Bend Pieces Dialog BoxWhen you choose Redefine from the Bend Pieces menu and select a piece that you want to change, the BEND
PIECES: Bend Piece # N dialog box appears. The elements in the dialog box are:
� Select Piece —Reselect the piece to be bent.
� Bend Table—The Use Table menu appears. The part bend table is selected by default.
� Radius Type—The Radius Side menu appears. Inner Radius is selected by default.
� Radius—The Select Radius menu appears. The radius can be set to either a user defined default value, or to
the sheet metal thickness.
Use Table MenuUse the Use Table menu after you select the Bend Table element to specify the type of bend table to assign to
the bend:
� Part Bend Tbl—Use the default part bend table.
� Feat Bend Tbl—Assign a specific bend table to this feature. The Data Files menu appears with a list of
possible bend tables. Choose one of them.
Select Radius MenuUse the Select Radius menu after you select the Radius element to specify the radius:
� Thickness—Sheet metal thickness.
� Enter Value—Enter a value at the keyboard.
� Default—Use the defined default radius. (This option appears only if the default radius has already been
defined.)
� From Table—If you assign a Bend Table and you select this option, the From Table menu appears with a
list of all the radii in the table. Choose one of them.
To Change the Bend1. Choose Redefine from BEND PIECES. The PIECE SEL namelist appears with a list of the edges in the order
selected. They are named in sequence Piece # 1, Piece #2 and so on. As you move the cursor over each
item in the list, the system highlights the corresponding edge (in red) on the model.
2. Select a piece that you want to change. The BEND PIECES: Bend Piece # n dialog box appears.
3. Choose the Bend Table element, then the Define button. The USE TABLE menu appears. Choose the type
of bend table you want to use, then Done.
4. Choose the Radius Type element, then the Define button. The RADIUS SIDE menu appears. Choose Inside
Pro/SHEETMETAL36
Rad or Outside Rad and then Done/Return.
5. Choose the Radius element, then the Define button. The
SEL RADIUS menu appears. Choose or enter the bend radius.
6. Choose OK in the BEND PIECES dialog box. The BEND PIECES menu reappears.
7. Choose Redefine to change other bends; or choose Done Sets to return to the SMT CONVERSION dialog
box.
About ConversionThe conversion of solid parts to sheetmetal parts is a two-step process:
� The conversion as the solid box-like part.
� The conversion of sharp edges to bends and rips defined for flattening the part.
After you have defined the feature, choose OK in the SMT Conversion dialog box. The system creates the
conversion.
About Surface RipsUse the Surface Rip option to select a surface and rip the geometry out.
About Edge RipsUse the Edge Rip option to create a rip along the selected edge.
About Regular BendsRegular bends consist of angular and roll bends.
About Metamorph OptionThe Metamorph option, located in the sheet metal unbend feature, allows you to sketch the flat state of walls
that cannot be unbent due to complicated and nonregular geometry. With the DEFORM CONTROL menu,
you can highlight and sketch the contours of corresponding deformation areas. Upon unbend feature creation,
the formed state of the wall is suppressed and the flat state becomes active.
To Sketch a Flat State of Deformed AreasYou can sketch a flat state of the deformed area using the Metamorph option.
1. To sketch the area to unbend in its flat state, click Feature >Create > Unbend. The UNBEND OPT menu
appears.
2. Click Regular > Done. The Regular Type dialog box opens.
3. Choose the plane or edge to remain fixed while unbending back. The UNBENDSEL menu appears.
4. Click Unbend All > Done. The Regular Type dialog box opens.
5. Click Deform Control > Define from the Regular Type dialog box. The DEF AREA menu appears
listing deformed Auto Areas.
Note: Place your pointer on the Auto Areas in the DEF AREA menu to trigger the deformed areas to modify
with a sketch.
6. Click Auto Area to sketch. The UNBEND dialog box opens.
7. Choose Deform Type > Define from the UNBEND dialog box. The DEF AREA TYPE menu appears
with the following options:
� Automatic – Connect the known edges surrounding the deform area.
� Manual – Open Sketcher and sketch the flat state of the deformed area.
Pro/SHEETMETAL 37
8. Sketch the flat state of the deformed area and click Preview to review the feature or OK to accept it.
About HemsHem features are part of butt joint (welds) that are used in the sheet metal industry. You can generate hems on
selected straight, arc, or swept edges. Different types of hems are available depending on the style of lock seam
desired. The following default hems are available:
� Open Hem
� Flushed Hem
� Duck Hem
� C Hem
� Z Hem
Hem features can be created either in action-object or object-action, depending on the context of the selection
buffer. Click HEM when using the action-object option, then select an edge or trajectory. When using the
object-action method, select the edge or trajectory, then the available default hem shapes.
The following illustrations show examples of hem shapes.
Hem Examples
To Create a Hem1. To open the Hem dialog box:
� Click Feature > Create > Sheetmetal > Wall > Options > Hem > Done
or
� Click Insert > Attached Walls > Hem
2. The Wall: Hem dialog box opens with the following options:
� Name — Displays the hem feature name that appears in Model Tree. You can rename the feature.
� Hem Location — Select an edge, chain of edges, arcs, or swepts.
� Hem Style — Select default hem style from the drop-down list. Hem images are displayed and
dimensions can be modified.
3. Click to select the trajectory. The CHAIN and GET SELECT menus appear. The system prompts
you to select an edge, chain of edges, arcs, or swept edges.
Pro/SHEETMETAL38
4. Modify hem dimensions for the default hem shapes. You can change all dimensions except the material
thickness.
5. Select the Flip button to reverse the hem direction.
6. Click to accept or to cancel changes. Click to accept changes and recycle the hem
creation process by:
� Closing the Wall: Hem dialog box
� Automatically reopening the Wall: Hem dialog box with the last shape used to create the next hem.
About Hem Default Shapes and DimensionsDefault shape types include open, flushed, duck, c, and z hems. The following are examples of default hem
shapes and dimensions.
Note — An alternate dimension scheme may result when flushed hem dimensions are modified. The default
thickness for flushed hems is the sheet metal material thickness.
Open Hem
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Flushed Hem
Duck Hem
Pro/SHEETMETAL40
C – Hem
Z – Hem
About CutsSheet metal cuts are always made on the green or white surfaces and never on the edges. The white surface is
offset from the green surface by the sheet thickness. Sheet metal cuts are sketched on a plane and then projected
onto the sheet metal. The cuts are made normal to the sheet metal surface and can be driven from either the
green side or the white side.
Pro/SHEETMETAL 41
The Cut feature can be used to create a Thru-All, Thru-Next, and Blind cut, or to create the UDFs used for
notches and punches. The techniques used to create a cut in Sheet Metal mode are similar to those used in Part
mode.
You can:
� Create cuts as either solid features or thin features.
� Sketch solid features as solid entities.
� Create simple sketches for thin features, provided they have a uniform thickness (width). This can be very
convenient where you are making a thin cut, especially where the cut is curved or made up of several
entities.
Note: If you want the Cut feature to cut the material at a defined angle, then you must use a Solid-Class cut
rather than a Sheet-Metal-Class cut.
Solid-Class CutSome Solid-Class features (e.g. holes, rounds, chamfers, slots, cuts) are available for use in sheet metal parts.
They can be added in Sheet Metal mode. Solid-class features can be placed on the green and white surfaces and
on the edges.
When you make a Sheet Metal-Class cut, you must select whether the cut is going to be Solid or Thin.
� If you choose Solid, then you must sketch the cut with all its dimensions (see sketched solid cut in the
following illustration).
� If you choose Thin, then you need sketch only a simple line sketch for a cut that will have uniform thickness
(width) (see sketched thin cut in the following illustration).
Solid Options MenuTo create a solid-class cut feature, use the Solid Opts menu to do the following:
� Solid—Displays a dialog box to sketch a solid cut, without thickness.
� Thin—Displays a dialog box to create a simple line sketch for a cut that has uniform thickness.
Cut Dialog BoxesThe dialog boxes for a solid or thin cut appear when you select either the option Solid or Thin from the Solid
Opts menu.
The dialog boxes contains the following elements:
� Section (required)—The cross section of the cut.
� MaterialSide (thin cut only–required)—The side of the sketched line on which the cut is created.
� Thickness (thin cut only–required)—The width of the cut.
� Depth (required)—The depth of the cut.
Cut Setup Plane MenuUse the Setup Plane menu after you select the Section element to do the following:
� Plane—Select an existing datum plane or flat surface.
� Make Datum—Create a new datum plane on the fly. To Create a Solid-Class Cut
Spec To MenuUse Spec To Menu after you select the Depth element to do the following:
� Blind—The system removes the depth you specify.
Pro/SHEETMETAL42
� Thru Next—The system removes material only from the first sheet metal surface under the sketched cut.
� Thru All—The system removes material from all the sheet metal surfaces under the sketched cut.
To Create a Cut1. Choose Sheet Metal from the FEAT CLASS menu.
2. Choose Cut from the SHEET METAL menu.
3. The SOLID OPTS menu appears with the Extrude option pre-selected.
4. Chose one of the options and then Done.
5. If you chose Solid, the CUT: Smt Cut dialog box appears. Otherwise, the CUT: Smt Cut, Thin dialog box
appears.
6. Choose the Section element, then the Define button. The SETUP PLANE menu appears to enable you to
define the section. Choose an option for the sketching plane.
7. Select or create another plane to define the orientation of the sketching plane.
8. Sketch and dimension the cut, then regenerate it.
9. Choose the MaterialSide element (for thin cut only), then the Define button. Select the material to be
removed.
� If you chose a Solid cut in Step 3, the system prompts you to select the area from which material is to
be removed (inside or outside the section).
� If you chose a Thin cut in Step 3, the system prompts you to enter the side (material side) of the
sketched line on which to locate the cut.
10. Choose the Thickness element (for thin cut only), then the Define button. The system prompts you to enter
the thickness (width) of the cut.
11. Choose the Depth element, then the Define button. The SPEC TO menu appears. Choose an option, then
Done.
12. To define the driving surface, the DRIVE SIDE menu appears. Chose either the Green or White option to
define the driving surface.
13. The feature is now fully defined. Choose OK on the dialog box. The system creates the Cut feature.
About RipsIn general, a rip is a zero-volume cut that is created on a sheet metal part.
If your part is designed as a continuous piece of material, it cannot be unbent without ripping the sheet. Create a
Rip feature before unbending. You can choose between a number of different rips, as follows:
� Regular Rip—Select the surface on which to create the rip and then sketch the rip section. The system
creates a sawcut along the sketched ripline.
� Surface Rip—Select a surface and rip the geometry out. This option effectively cuts out the selected
surface and so actually removes volume.
� Edge Rip—Select an edge of a surface. The system creates a sawcut along the edge.
Rip Dialog BoxThe dialog box for any type of rip appears when you select the Regular Rip, Surface Rip, or Edge Rip from the
Options menu.
The dialog box lists the following elements:
� Sketch (required for regular rip)—The sketched rip line.
� Bound Surf (optional for regular rip)—The surfaces that you either use as bounds or exclude from the rip.
� Surface (required for surface rip)—The surfaces to be ripped out.
� Edge (required for edge rip)—The edges to be ripped out.
Pro/SHEETMETAL 43
About Regular RipsUse the regular rip option to create a rip and then sketch the rip section.
Rip Setup Plane MenuUse the Setup Plane menu after you select the Sketch element to do the following:
� Plane (default) —Select an existing plane surface or datum plane as the sketching plane.
� Make Datum—Open the Datum Plane menu. Create a datum plane on the fly as the sketching plane.
Bound Surf MenuUse the Bound Surf menu after you have selected the Boundary Surface element to do the following:
� Select (default) —Select surfaces to exclude from the rip. Use this option if you want to define boundaries
or exclude just a few surfaces. Choose the Add option from the Feature Refs menu and then pick the
surfaces.
� Exclude All—Exclude all the surfaces of the model from the rip. Use this option if you want to exclude
most surfaces. Then choose the Remove option from the Feature Refs menu. Pick the surfaces that you do
not want excluded.
To Create a Regular Rip1. Choose Rip from the SHEET METAL menu.
2. Choose Regular Rip from the OPTIONS menu, then Done. The RIP (Regular Type) dialog box appears.
3. Choose the Sketch element, then the Define button. The SETUP SK PLN (Set up Sketching Plane) menu
appears with Setup New preselected. The SETUP PLANE menu appears
4. Sketch the rip section. The sketch can contain more than one entity, but all the entities must form one
continuous open chain with the endpoints aligned to surface edges or silhouettes.
5. Dimension and regenerate the sketch, and then choose Done.
6. Select the Bound Surf element, then the Define button. The BOUND SURF and FEATURE REFS menus.
7. Choose Done Refs, then Done/Return.
8. The feature is fully defined. Choose OK on the dialog box. The system creates the rip. It displays the rip as
a sawcut on the sheet metal surface.
Feature Refs MenuUse the Feature Refs menu after you select the Surface element to do the following:
� Add—Select/add a surface to be ripped.
� Remove—Remove previously-selected surfaces individually from the list of those to be ripped.
� Remove All—Erase the list of surfaces to be ripped. If you select this option, the system prompts you for a
confirmation.
� Done Refs—Finish selecting the surfaces to be ripped and return to the dialog box.
� Quit Refs—Quit the selection process and return to the dialog box.
To Create a Surface Rip1. Choose Rip from the SHEET METAL menu.
2. Choose Surface Rip from the OPTIONS menu, then Done.
3. The RIP (Surface Type) dialog box appears.
4. Choose the Surface element, then the Define button. The FEATURE REFS menu appears.
5. Pick the surfaces that you want to rip out, then choose Done Refs. The system highlights the selected
surfaces in section color (cyan).
6. The feature is fully defined. Choose OK on the dialog box. The system creates the Surface Rip by
Pro/SHEETMETAL44
removing the selected surfaces.
When you unbend that area of the model, the material breaks along the rip section (if applicable).
Rip Pieces MenuUse the Rip Pieces menu after you select the Edge element to do the following:
� Add—Select/add an edge to be ripped.
� Remove—Remove previously-selected edges individually from the list of those to be ripped.
� Remove All—Erase the list of edges to be ripped. If you select this option, the system prompts you for a
confirmation.
� Redefine—Redefine selected edge rips or the corner type for corner rips.
� Done Sets—Finish defining the edge rips and return to the dialog box.
To Create an Edge Rip1. Choose Rip from the SHEET METAL menu.
2. Choose Edge Rip from the OPTIONS menu, then Done. The RIP (Edge Type) dialog box appears.
3. Select the Edge element, then the Define button. The
RIP PIECES menu appears (only the Add and Done Sets options are enabled initially).
4. Pick the edges that you want to rip, then choose Done Sets. The system highlights the selected edges in
section color (cyan).
5. Choose OK on the dialog box. The system creates the edge rip(s) by making a sawcut along the selected
edges. When you unbend that area of the model, the material breaks along the rip sections.
About Punches and NotchesUse notches to relieve material that interfere with bending, in places such as at the corners of flanges. Punches
are templated cut-outs. Punch and notch are manufacturing operations. In Pro/ENGINEER they are created
using cuts and user-defined features (UDF); in manufacturing, each punch or notch has a specific tool that
defines its shape. Punches and notches can be used to create cuts and capture manufacturing information such as
the tool name.
To use a UDF for punch or notch:
� Create the punch or notch UDF in Sheet Metal mode using the sheet metal feature Cut. UDFs created in Part
mode do not work on a sheet metal part.
� Only one feature can be included in a Punch/Notch definition. If you select more than one feature, the group
is treated as a regular UDF: you are not asked for tool information. When you are trying to place a
Punch/Notch using this UDF, you are warned that the UDF is incomplete for PUNCH/NOTCH feature
creation. This Punch/Notch cannot be used in Manufacturing. If you need more than one cut for your punch,
use a Cut with more than one contour in its section.
� Include a coordinate system in the section sketch. (From the Sketcher menu, choose Sketch, Geometry, Adv
Geometry, Coord Sys.) You need this for manufacturing, and Pro/ENGINEER does not let you create or
place the UDF if no coordinate system exists. It is used for tool axis and symmetry.
� Enter the proper tool ID for the UDF. This identifies the same tool wherever the UDF is used.
When creating punch and notch UDFs, consider the following:
� Notches used to relieve material in bend areas should be created after the bend. Then you can use the bend
geometry to place, dimension and align the notch.
� Try to create datum plane references on the fly using the Make Datum command when setting up the
sketching plane. This eliminates having to create extra datum planes in your part before placing the UDF.
� Locate all dimension references to sheet metal edges rather than datum planes. Again, this reduces the
number of datum planes necessary to place the UDF, but it also dimensions the UDF to the reference that is
moving with it as it is bent and unbent.
� Set up relations in the reference part to reduce the number of variable dimensions.
Pro/SHEETMETAL 45
� You can create Punch Axis Points while you are sketching the Cut. These special datum points are
unbent/bent back with the feature and you can dimension to them in detail drawings.
UDF Dialog BoxThe dialog box to create a UDF appears when you select Stand Alone from the UDF Options menu and respond
to the system request concerning the reference part.
In addition to the standard UDF elements, the menu also includes the element Punch Tool. Do not try to (re-)
define this element now (If you select it, the system responds as if you had selected the Features element).
Symmetry MenuUse the Symmetry menu after you enter the tool name to do the following:
� X Axis—The tool is symmetrical about the X-axis of the coordinate system.
� Y Axis—The tool is symmetrical about the Y-axis of the coordinate system.
� Both—The tool is symmetrical about both the X- and Y-axes.
� None—The tool is not symmetrical at all.
To Create a Punch or Notch UDF1. Create a simple sheet metal part to serve as a reference part.
2. Create a Cut feature. Sketch the desired section for Punch or Notch. Be sure to include the coordinate
system. When you are aligning and dimensioning, keep in mind the convenience of eventual placement of
the UDF.
Notes:
� If a Notch is intended to relieve material in bend areas, create a Bend and unbend it. When sketching
the cut, align its sides to the bend edges.
� If you can set up relations for the feature (for example, the overall cut height is always 1.2 of the side
height), do so; it reduces the number of variable dimensions you have to enter every time when placing
the Punch/Notch.
3. Choose Feature, UDF Library. The UDF menu appears.
4. Choose Create, then enter the name of the UDF. The
UDF OPTIONS menu appears.
5. Choose Stand Alone, then Done. (Punch and Notch UDFs can only be Stand Alone.)
6. The system prompts you as to whether you want to include the reference part. If the part is simple,
enter[Y]; otherwise, enter [N]. The UDF:<udfname>, Standalone dialog box appears.
7. Choose the Features element, then the Define button. The UDF FEATS menu appears with Add pre-
selected. This, in turn, brings up the SELECT FEAT menu.
8. Select the cut feature, then choose Done from the
SELECT FEAT menu and Done/Return from the UDF FEATS menu.
9. Answer [Y] when the system prompts you as to whether you are defining this UDF for a Punch or Notch
feature.
Note: If a coordinate system is not included in the feature, the UDF creation is aborted at this point.
10. In response to the system prompt, enter the tool name.
11. The SYMMETRY menu appears. Choose one of the options.
12. Continue with the process by responding to prompts for the reference geometry, selecting variable
dimensions etc.
13. Choose OK on the dialog box. The system creates and stores the UDF.
14. Choose Done/Return from the UDF menu.
Notes:
� All Punch/Notch UDF feature attributes, including Tool Name and Symmetry flags, can be redefined
after the UDF has been placed on the base part, by selecting Feature, Redefine, then selecting the UDF
feature.
Pro/SHEETMETAL46
� When you are creating a table-driven Punch/Notch group, you have the option to modify any instance
Tool Name in the table.
Group Elements Dialog BoxThe dialog box to group elements appears when you retrieve the UDF.
The dialog box contains the following elements:
� Scale—Sets the placement scale.
� Dim Display—Sets the display for invariable dimensions.
� References—Defines placement references.
� RegenAction—Regenerates group elements (not applicable to sheet metal punches and notches).
Scale MenuUse the Scale menu after you select the Scale element to do the following:
� Same Dims (default)—Keep the same numeric value for all the dimension values, regardless of any
difference in units for the model and the UDF. For example, the dimension 25 inches becomes 25
millimeters.
� User Scale—Scale all the dimensions by a scale factor you enter at the prompt, but do not change the units
of the group.
� Done—Accept choice and return to the dialog box.
� Quit—Quit selection and return to the dialog box.
Disp Option MenuUse the Disp Option menu after you select the Dim Display element to do the following:
� Normal (default)—Create normal dimensions. You can then modify these dimension values to create a
unique version of the UDF.
� Read Only—Make the dimensions read-only. You can display them, but you cannot modify them.
� Blank—Blank the dimensions so they cannot be displayed or modified in any mode. Be careful using this
option. The only way to retrieve the dimensions is to delete the group features and place the UDF again.
� Done—Accept choice and return to the dialog box.
� Quit—Quit selection and return to the dialog box.
Sel Ref MenuUse the Sel Ref menu after you select the References option to do the following:
� Alternate—Select a corresponding reference by picking on the model.
� Same—Use the current reference. This option appears only if the punch/notch is placed in the same model
in which it was originally created.
� Skip—Skip the current reference and move on to the next one. You must redefine the current reference
later.
Grp Place MenuUse the Grp Place menu after you complete the placement process to do the following:
� Redefine—Redefine the placement references in the same way as you defined them.
� Show Result—Preview the geometry.
� Info—Show the current status of the placement prompts.
Pro/SHEETMETAL 47
� Done—Accept the placement references and return to the dialog box.
� Quit—Quit the process and return to the dialog box.
To Place a Punch or Notch Feature1. Choose Notch or Punch from the SHEET METAL menu.
2. The GROUP RETRIEVE menu appears. Choose Retrieve and enter the complete path and name of the UDF,
or choose Search/Retr and select the UDF from the namelist menus.
3. The Group Elements dialog box appears.
4. Choose the Scale element, then the Define button. The SCALE menu appears. Choose one of the first two
options, then Done.
5. Choose the Dim Display element, then the Define button. The DISP OPTION menu appears. Choose one of
the first three options, then Done.
6. Select the References element, then Done. The SEL REF menu appears.
Place the UDF by selecting placement references. When you place a UDF, you can skip some of the
placement references and redefine them later, as appropriate, for a particular placement. As each placement
prompt appears, select an action from the SEL REF menu.
If you skipped any references, an Information Window appears with a list of those skipped.
7. The CONFIRMATION menu appears with the options Confirm and Cancel.
At this point you can do one of the following:
� If you want to redefine the missing references, choose Confirm. The system places you in the feature
creation environment so you can redefine the feature element that uses the skipped reference. (For more
information, see the last step in this procedure.)
� If you do not want to redefine the missing references, choose Cancel. The system displays the GP REFS
menu. Place a checkmark in front of the references that you want to respecify and choose Done. The
system brings up the
SEL REF menu with the Alternate and Skip options so you can resume the process of specifying the
references which you identified with the checkmarks.
After you complete the placement process, the GRP PLACE menu appears.
8. If you are satisfied with the placement, choose Done from the GRP PLACE menu. The system creates the
Punch/Notch.
9. When you choose Redefine from the GRP PLACE menu, the
GR REFS menu appears with all the placement references listed according to their prompts. Place a
checkmark in front of the references that you want to redefine.
Defining Skipped ReferencesIn order for the system to place the Punch/Notch correctly, you must define missing references by using the
same options that you used to specify those references originally. Typically, the system brings up the dialog box
for the feature that uses a skipped reference. The dialog box lists only elements with skipped references and
variable elements. Each skipped element has the status comment References are missing. To define
the skipped reference, select the corresponding element from the feature dialog box and choose the Define
button.
Depending on the type of reference skipped, the procedure for defining skipped references follows one of these
scenarios:
� The skipped reference is used by an element other than a sketched section.
For the skipped reference, the system places you into the feature creation environment so you can redefine
the element that uses the skipped reference.
� The skipped reference is a sketching plane or horizontal references of a section.
If you must redefine a sketching plane or horizontal references, the dialog box for the feature that uses the
skipped reference appears. From the dialog box, select the Section element and choose Define. Choose
Sketch Plane from the Section menu and define it as appropriate.
� The skipped reference is used by a section (other than a sketching plane or horizontal reference).
Pro/SHEETMETAL48
If you must redefine a section reference (for example, edges used as dimensioning references), the dialog
box for the feature that uses the skipped reference appears. Select the Section element and Define from the
dialog box. Choose the Sketch option from the Section menu; the part reappears in the sketching view, and
the Section Place menu appears with the following options:
� DragAndDrop—Place the existing UDF section directly on the part by using the drag-and-drop
technique. Once you select this option, a red outline of the section, attached to the cursor, appears on
the screen. Use the mouse to move the section to its new location and place it by pressing the left
mouse button. Dimension the section to the part and regenerate it. To quit section placement, press the
middle mouse button.
Note: The DragAndDrop option is not available for sections that are either fully aligned to part geometry or
were created with the Use Edge option.
� Create New—Discard the existing UDF section and create a new section. Choose Confirm to confirm
your action. The Sketch menu appears and you can sketch a new section.
When you redefine a missing reference used by several features, consider the following:
� The skipped reference has a single prompt for all features.
You must redefine this reference for each feature where it is used. For example, if you use an edge to place a
hole and a cut, and you have set up a single prompt for both features, you must reselect the reference edge
for both the hole and the cut if you skip the edge reference when you place the Punch/Notch.
� The skipped reference has individual prompts for all features,.
You must redefine this reference only for the feature where it was skipped.
Punch Axis Points in Cuts, Punches and NotchesIt is often desirable that reference points be created as part of a cut, punch or notch and that they move with the
feature during unbend/ bend back operations. By setting the configuration file option punch_axis_points to yes,
you can create such points. They are called punch axis points.
A punch axis point is created as a point entity when you are sketching the feature. It has many of the
characteristics of a regular datum point, i.e. it appears in the part, with a standard point symbol and with a name
assigned by the system (for example, PNT0). However, unlike a regular datum point, it is not a separate feature
and it moves with the placement plane of its parent feature during unbend/bend back operations. It can be
compared, in its behavior, to the feature axis in a revolved cut in Part mode. You can dimension to punch axis
points in detail drawings.
In the following illustration, a simple L bracket was created. A cut was added and a point was included in the
cut sketch. When the cut was regenerated, the point was visible as a punch axis point (PNT0). A regular datum
point feature (PNT1) was then added on the same plane as the cut. When the part was unbent, the punch axis
point moved with the cut but the datum point did not.
Pro/SHEETMETAL 49
Punch Axis Point in Cut
point
(a) Sketch View of Cut
punch axis point
datum point
(b) Trimetric View, showing Cut and Datum Point
Note positions of punch axis Point and Datum Point
(c) Part Unbent
datum point
punch axis point
To Prepare the ModelTo prepare the model, you need to perform some preliminary operations in Sheet Metal mode:
1. Create a Flat State instance of the formed part. The generic is fully formed and the instance is flattened.
2. Save the part.
To Create a Multi-model Drawing1. ChooseDrawing from the MODE menu.
2. Choose Create from the ENTERDRAWING menu and enter the drawing name.
3. The GET FORMAT menu appears with the Set Dwg Size option pre-selected. This, in turn, brings up the
DWG SIZE TYPE and DWG SIZE menus. Select the size type, then choose the drawing size.
4. Choose Views from the DRAWING menu and enter the Flat State instance as a model name (alternatively,
enter the generic part name, then choose the Flat State instance from the INSTANCES menu).
5. The VIEW TYPE menu appears. Choose options, then Done.
6. In response to the prompt, select the point on the screen on which you want the view to be centered. A view
of the flattened part appears in the default orientation.
7. The DRAW VIEW menu appears with the Orientation option pre-selected, which, in turn, brings up the
ORIENTATION menu. Choose the orientation options for the view, then choose Done/Return from the
DRAW VIEW menu. Note that the flattened view must be in an orthogonal orientation in order for bend ID
notes to be displayed on it.
8. Choose Dwg Models from the VIEWS menu.
9. Choose Add Model from the DWG MODELS menu and enter the generic part name, then choose Generic
from the RETR INST menu.
10. Choose Add View from the VIEWS menu
11. The VIEW TYPE menu appears. Choose options, then Done.
Pro/SHEETMETAL50
12. In response to the prompt, select the point on the screen for the center of the view. A view of the formed
part appears in the default orientation.
13. The DRAW VIEW menu appears with the Orientation option pre-selected, which, in turn, brings up the
ORIENTATION menu. Choose the orientation options for the view, then choose Done/Return from the
DRAW VIEW menu.
14. Repeat steps 8 - 13, as necessary, to add other views.
Detailing Sheet Metal DrawingsTo detail a flat pattern, create driven dimensions. Driven dimensions have one-way associativity, that is, you
cannot modify them, but they reflect changes made to the part in Sheet Metal mode. Driven dimensions can be
created by selecting edges, edge vertices, datum planes, axes and points, and cosmetic features.
Attach Type MenuUse the Attach Type menu after you select the Dimension option from the Detail Item menu to do the
following:
� On Entity—The dimension is attached to the entity at the pick point, according to the rules for creating
regular dimensions.
� Midpoint—The dimension is attached to the midpoint (on the screen) of the selected entity.
� Intersec—The dimension is attached to the closest intersection point of two selected entities.
You can change the attachment type in the middle of making a dimension (for example, select one point as
Midpoint, then change to On Entity and make the second choice.
Arc Pnt Type MenuUse the Arc Pnt Type menu after you have selected an arc or circle for the dimension to do the following:
� Center—Creates a dimension between the center of the arc/circle and a line.
� Tangent—Creates a dimension between a tangent point on the arc/circle and a line.
If both entities picked are arcs or circles, the Arc Pnt Type menu appears. Select one of the following:
� Center—Creates a dimension between the centers of the arcs or circles.
� Tangent—Creates a dimension between the circle or arc edges, the tangency closest to where picked.
Dimension Orientation MenuUse the Dim Orient menu after you have selected two points (datum points or edge vertices), arcs, or circles for
the dimension orientation to do the following:
� Horizontal—Reflects the horizontal distance.
� Vertical—Reflect the vertical distance.
� Slanted—Reflects the shortest distance between two attachment points (available only when the dimension
is attached to points).
� Parallel—Reflects the distance in the direction parallel to another entity. Select an entity to determine
direction.
� Normal —Reflects the distance in the direction normal to another entity. Select an entity to determine
direction.
To Create Driven Dimensions1. Choose Detail from the DRAWING menu, Create from the DETAIL menu and Dimension from the
DETAIL ITEM menu.
2. Select the entities to dimension between. Select an edge, an edge and point, two points, and use the
Pro/SHEETMETAL 51
ATTACH TYPE menu options.
3. Locate the dimension.
4. If one of the entities selected is an arc or circle, then the ARC PNT TYPE menu appears. Choose one of the
option.
5. If two points (datum points or edge vertices), arcs, or circles are selected. Choose from the DIM ORIENT
menu.
Detailing in Sheet Metal Drawings
Dimension parallel to edge
Dimension normal to edge
Slanted Parallel Normal
dd
d
Adding a Bend Order TableIn addition to all the usual detailing capabilities, a bend order table can be placed in a drawing, and bend ID
notes can be shown to specify the bend order. Bend ID notes are attached to the bend features and have the
format BEND #, where the pound sign (#) is the bend sequence number. The bend order table and bend ID
notes automatically update as bend order changes are made to the model.
Orientation MenuUse the Orientation menu to orient the flattened view in an orthogonal orientation. Use a combination of two
from the following three pairs of options:
� Front or Back—Surface or edge parallel to the screen, facing you or facing away from you.
� Top or Bottom—Surface or edge normal to the screen and facing the top or the bottom.
� Left or Right—Surface or edge normal to the screen and facing left or right.
To Display a Bend Order Table in the Drawing1. Ensure that the flattened view is shown in an orthogonal orientation. Choose a combination of options in
the ORIENTATION menu.
2. Choose Detail from the DRAWING menu.
3. Choose Show from the DETAIL menu and Note from the DETAIL ITEM menu.
4. Choose Show All from the SHOW ITEM menu. The bend notes appear on the flattened view and the bend
order table appears in the top left corner of the drawing.
Bend order table and bend ID notes behave like any other notes. You can move them, erase them, delete them,
or show them again.
About Form
Form features are used to create forming features (stamped using punches and dies). A form feature is created
using a reference part that has the geometry of the die or punch and merging it with the sheet metal part. You
can create form feature reference geometry in Part or Sheet Metal mode. When you are placing a form feature,
the system prompts you to enter the name of the reference part.
Punch forms represent convex-shaped geometry that is pressed against the sheet metal part. Die forms represent
Pro/SHEETMETAL52
concave-shaped geometry, against which the sheet metal part is pressed. (See the following illustration for
examples.)
Comparison of Punch and Die Reference Parts
(a) PunchReference Part
(b) DieReference Part
boundary plane (surrounds form feature)
seed surface
You can create UDFs based on Forms. Any of the items you define in creating the form in the first place are
modifiable when you are placing the form UDF, except for the form type (Die or Punch) and the side element in
a punch form.
You can use the Flatten option to flatten the form feature.
When creating the form feature on the reference part, remember:
� The base of a die form feature must be a plane surface (called a boundary plane) that bounds the actual die.
A punch form does not require such a base plane, except, perhaps for use in locating the form feature—and
that could be a datum plane.
� The form feature on the reference part cannot be flattened when you use the part as a form tool. You can,
however, exclude specific surfaces from the form feature, at the time of creation.
� If the form being created is a die type, the system prompts you to supply seed and bound information for it.
This information is required so that the surfaces defining the die can be generated. Punch forms do not
require this information.
� You can specify that an existing coordinate system in the reference part’s form feature be designated a
reference coordinate system in the Form for use in Manufacturing. In this way, it functions similarly to the
Punch Axis Point in Punches.
� In a form, concave angles and bends must have either a zero radius or a radius greater than the thickness of
the sheet metal.
� If the form feature is created using a sheet metal part, it is the green surface that determines the form
geometry.
� Form reference geometry can contain hollows; however, all the form geometry must be to one side of the
base plane (see the following illustration). Also make sure that the distance left between the hollow surface
and the outer surface allows for the material thickness.
Pro/SHEETMETAL 53
Form with a Hollow
referencepart
allow for materialthickness
Form placed on aSheet Metal part
Menus Used with FormsThe following two menus are used when you create either a punch or die form:
� Options menu—Use to determine how the part geometry is treated by the form feature.
� Place menu—Use to constrain placement of the part geometry.
Form Options MenuTo create a punch or die form feature, use the Options menu to do the following:
� Reference—Reference the part with the form feature. When the referenced part is modified, so are all
features that reference it.
� Copy—Copy the part geometry with the form feature. The feature geometry can then be independently
modified.
Place MenuUse the Place menu after you select the Placement element to do the following:
� Mate—Constrain two surfaces to touch: coincident and facing each other. When using datums, you must
specify which sides, red or yellow, to mate.
� Mate Offset—Constrain two planar surfaces to be parallel and facing each other. The offset value
determines the distance between the two surfaces.
� Align—Constrain two planes to be coplanar: coincident and facing in the same direction. This option also
aligns revolved surfaces or axes to be coaxial.
� Align Offset—Constrain two planar surfaces to be parallel and facing in the same direction. The offset
value determines the distance between the two surfaces.
� Insert—Insert a male revolved surface into a female revolved surface, making their respective axes
coincident.
� Orient—Constrain two surfaces to be parallel; an offset is not specified.
� Coord Sys—Place the reference form part into the sheet metal part by aligning its coordinate system with a
coordinate system in the sheet metal. Both coordinate systems must exist before starting the assembly
process.
� Tangent—Constrain two surface to be tangent.
� Pnt On Srf—Constrain a point to be in contact with a surface.
� Edge On Srf—Constrain an edge to be in contact with a surface.
Pro/SHEETMETAL54
Punch Form Dialog BoxThe dialog box for a Punch Form appears when you select either Reference or Copy from the Options menu and
enter the name of the reference part.
The dialog box lists the following elements:
� Placement (required)—Information needed to merge the reference part to the sheet metal part.
� Side (required)—The side of the sheet metal to be the outside of the form feature. It also corresponds to the
side of the reference part (relative to the plane which mates or aligns with the sheet metal) that merges with
the sheet metal.
� Exclude (optional)—Surfaces to be excluded from the form feature. Metal is actually removed here.
� Csys (optional)—Reference Coordinate System (used for punch location in Manufacturing). It must have
been previously created in the reference part form feature.
� Tool Name (optional)—Specify a name for the Manufacturing form tool. You can only do so after you have
defined Csys.
To Create a Punch Form Feature1. Choose Sheet Metal from the FEAT CLASS menu.
2. Choose Form from the SHEET METAL menu.
3. From the OPTIONS menu, choose Punch and Reference or Copy, then Done.
4. In response to the system prompt, enter the name of the reference part.
5. The reference part displays in a sub-window, and the FORM dialog box appears.
6. Choose the Placement element, then the Define button. The COMP PLACE menu appears with the option
Add (Add a Placement Constraint) preselected (all the other elements, except Done and Quit, are initially
dimmed). This, in turn, brings up the PLACE menu.
The Component Placement Window appears. As you specify each placement constraint, the information is
added to the window.
On the reference part, select a surface or datum plane. Then, mate or align it to the sheet metal surface
(green or white side).
Use datum planes or coordinate systems to complete the placement information. If you use offsets in your
placements, you can change the form’s position later by simply modifying the feature. It also gives you the
ability to use the offset dimensions for placement if you create a UDF from the form.
When the placement is fully constrained, the Component Placement Window looks similar to that in the
illustration Form Placement Window.
Choose Done from the COMP PLACE menu.
Notes:
� If the reference part is table-driven, you can replace it by another member of its family by choosing
Redefine, References and then selecting the new part from the INSTANCES menu.
� You can redefine a Form only if it was created under Pro/ENGINEER, Release 16.0 or later
Form Placement Window
7. Choose the Side element, then the Define button. A red arrow appears growing out from one of the sheet
metal surfaces. This indicates the direction in which the form will grow. At the same time, the DIRECTION
menu appears. Choose Flip to reverse the direction. Choose Okay to accept it.
8. If you want to exclude surfaces, choose the Exclude Surf element, then the Define button. The FEATURE
REFS menu appears. Pick on the surfaces on the form feature in the reference part that you want to exclude,
then choose Done Refs to return to the dialog box.
9. If you want to designate a previously-created coordinate system in the reference form feature as the form’s
Pro/SHEETMETAL 55
reference coordinate system, choose the Csys element, then the Define button.
10. If you want to change the tool name from the default name (the initial default is the reference part’s name),
choose the Tool Name element, then the Define button. Enter the form tool name in response to the
prompt. Note that you must first define the Csys element.
11. The feature is now fully defined. Choose OK on the dialog box. The system creates the Punch Form.
Die Form Dialog BoxThe dialog box for a Die Form appears when you select either Reference or Copy from the Options menu and
enter the name of the reference part.
The dialog box lists the following elements:
� Placement (required)—Information needed to assemble the reference part to the sheet metal part.
� Bound Plane (required)—Boundary plane. Plane surface that bounds the surfaces of the form reference
feature.
� Seed Surface (required)—The starting surface in the die form geometry. The system creates the form
feature from the seed surface and all its neighboring surfaces (with the exception of any ones specifically
excluded) until it reaches the boundary plane.
� Exclude Surf (optional)—Surfaces to be excluded from the form feature. Sheet metal is actually removed
here.
� Csys (optional)—Reference coordinate system (used for punch location in Manufacturing). It must have
been previously created in the reference part form feature.
Tool Name (optional)—Specify a name for the Manufacturing form tool. You can only do so after you have
defined Csys.
To Create a Die Form Feature1. Choose Sheet Metal from the FEAT CLASS menu.
2. Choose Form from the SHEET METAL menu.
3. From the OPTIONS menu, choose Die and Reference or Copy, then Done.
4. In response to the system prompt, enter the name of the reference part.
5. The reference part displays in a sub-window and the FORM dialog box appears.
6. The COMP PLACE menu appears with the option Add Constrnt (i.e. Add a Placement Constraint)
preselected (all the other elements, except Done and Quit, are initially dimmed). This, in turn, bring up the
PLACE menu.
The Component Placement Window appears. As you specify each placement constraint, the information is
added to the window.
On the reference part, select the bounding plane. Then, mate or align it to the sheet metal surface.
Use datum planes or coordinate systems to complete the placement information. If you use offsets in your
placements, you can change the form’s position later by simply modifying the feature. It also gives you the
ability to use offset dimensions for placement if you create a UDF from the form.
When the placement is fully constrained, the Component Window appears.
Choose Done from the COMP PLACE menu.
7. To define the bound plane, select the plane on the reference part that is to be the boundary plane for this
form in response to the system prompt.
8. To define the seed surface, select a surface on the form feature on the reference part in response to the
system prompt.
9. To exclude surfaces, click on the Exclude Surf element in the dialog box, then the Define button. The
FEATURE REFS menu appears. Pick on the surfaces on the form feature in the reference part that you want
to exclude, then choose Done Refs to return to the dialog box.
10. Designate a previously-created coordinate system in the reference form feature as the form’s reference
coordinate system.
11. To define the tool name, enter the form tool name (the initial default is the reference part’s name) in
response to the prompt. Note that you must first define the Csys element.
12. The feature is now fully defined. Choose OK from the dialog box. The system creates the die form.
Pro/SHEETMETAL56
About Corner ReliefPro/SHEETMETAL allows you to use and dimension corner reliefs smaller than the deformation area bordered
by the tangent lines of the intersecting bends. You also have the option of choosing corner relief types for each
bend or conversion feature. You can select a circular or obround corner relief or no relief at all.
There are 3 possible methods to applying corner reliefs to bends or conversion features.
� Creating the corner relief as a feature.
� Creating the corner relief in the conversion feature dialog box.
� Create default reliefs for all corners in model or part templates.
The vertices selected (as in feature mode) or affected are highlighted with the following symbol to indicate the
type of conversion feature or relief feature defined.
� Ob – Obround
� Cir – Circular
� No – No Relief
If you try to assign a relief to corner twice, the following message appears:
Cannot select this corner
Click Ok to change the corner relief or cancel.
To Create a Corner Relief - Conversion Feature1. Click Feature > Create. The SHEETMETAL menu appears.
2. Click Conversion. The SMT CONVERSION dialog box opens.
3. Click Corner Reliefs element then Define. The GET SELECT menu appears.
4. Choose the corner to create the corner relief, then Done Sel > Done Sets.
5. Click Corner Reliefs element then Define. The PIECE SEL dialog box opens.
6. Select the Corner # check box or choose the corner to create the corner relief, then Done > Done Sets.
7. Click Corner Reliefs element then Define. The CRNR TYPE menu appears with the following options.
� None – No corner relief.
� Circular – To create a circular corner relief.
� Obround – To create an obround corner relief.
The RELIEF DIM menu appears when you choose the circular or obround with the following options.
� Thickness – Create the dimension of corner relief the same thickness as the part.
� Thickness* 2 – Create the dimension of the corner relief twice the thickness of the part.
� Enter Value – Enter the desired dimension of the corner relief.
8. Click OK.
To Create a Corner Relief1. Click Feature > Create. The SHEETMETAL menu appears.
2. Click Corner Relief. The CORNER RELIEF dialog box opens.
3. Choose the corner to create the corner relief, then Done Sel > Done Sets.
4. Click Corner Reliefs element then Define. The PIECE SEL dialog box opens.
5. Select the Corner # check box or choose the corner to create the corner relief, then Done > Done Sets.
6. Click Corner Reliefs element then Define. The CRNR TYPE menu appears with the following options.
� None – No corner relief.
� Circular – To create a circular corner relief.
� Obround – To create an obround corner relief.
The RELIEF DIM menu appears when you choose the circular or obround with the following options.
� Thickness – Create the dimension of corner relief the same thickness as the part.
� Thickness* 2 – Create the dimension of the corner relief twice the thickness of the part.
Pro/SHEETMETAL 57
� Enter Value – Enter the desired dimension of the corner relief.
7. Click OK.
About Sheet Metal DrawingsWhen documenting a sheet metal part, you might want to show in one drawing the part as it appears when first
cut out of the sheet metal (flat pattern), and as it appears when assembled (design condition).
About Flatten Form and Stamped EdgesYou can use the Flatten Form option to flatten form geometry. There are two ways to do this:
� Specify the sheet metal feature that you want to flatten.
� Specify the edge treatment for selected stamped-edge features.
Flatten FormWhen flattening a form feature, consider the following:
� A form can be flattened if it is located on a plane.
� A form that crosses bends can be flattened after all the bends that it crosses have been unbent.
� If a form crosses a bend and it is higher than the bend radius, then it cannot be unbent or flattened; it can
only be suppressed.
Stamped EdgesYou can now use a variety of solid features, such as rounds, chamfers, and cuts, to create stamped edges on
straight edges in a sheet metal part. You can then flatten those edges using the enhanced Flatten Form option.
By default, the system calculates the flat pattern for those edges, based on the assumption that the volume of
material in the part is the same both before and after it is flattened. You have the option, however, to modify the
volume that is transformed.
Example of Flatten FormThe following points show how the system adjusts the width of the part after flattening, to ensure that the
material volume after flattening is the same as that before.
W (width before flattening) = 9.00
T (thickness) = 1.00
Before flattening:
� Chamfer cross-section area: 0.50 x (0.40 x 0.40) = 0.08
� Sheet side cross-section area: 9.00 x T) - 0.08
After flattening:
� Sheet side cross-section area:
Wflat x T = (W - 0.08/T)*T
Therefore,
Wflat = W - 0.08/T = 9.00 - 0.08/1.00 = 8.92
Flatten Dialog BoxThe dialog box for a Flattened Form or stamped edges appears when you select Flatten Form from the Sheet
Metal menu.
The dialog box lists the following elements:
Pro/SHEETMETAL58
� Form—Specifies sheet metal features that are to be flattened. Applies to regular sheet metal features only.
� Edge Treat—Specifies edge treatment for selected stamped-edge features. Applies to stamped edge
features only.
Feature Refs MenuUse the Feature Refs menu after you select the Form element to do the following:
� Add—Select/add a form feature.
� Remove—Remove previously-selected form features individually from the list of those to be flattened.
� Remove All—Erase the list of form features. If you select this option, the system prompts you for a
confirmation.
� Done Refs—Finish selecting the form features and return to the dialog box.
� Quit Refs—Quit selecting the form features and return to the dialog box.
To Flatten a Form Feature1. Choose Flatten Form from the SHEET METAL menu (if you do not have any form features this option is
dimmed out). The FLATTEN dialog box appears.
2. Choose the Form element, then the Define button. The FEATURE REFS menu appears.
3. Select the sheet metal Form features to be flattened, then choose Done Refs, to return to the dialog box.
4. The feature is now fully defined. Choose OK from the dialog box. The system flattens the selected sheet
metal forms.
Flatten Edge MenuUse the Flatten Edge menu after you select the Edge Treat element to do the following:
� Flatten All—Select all the stamped edge features.
� Flatten Sel—Select individual stamped edge features.
� Modify Vol—Specify the volume that selected stamped features will have after flattening.
� Fix Vol Dim—Volume of stamped edge features will be the same before and after flattening.
� Done—Accept the selections you have made and return to the dialog box.
� Quit—Abandon the selections and return to the dialog box.
To Flatten Stamped Edges1. Choose Flatten Form from the SHEET METAL menu. The FLATTEN dialog box appears.
2. Select the Edge Treat element, then the Define button. The FLATTEN EDGE menu appears.
3. Use Flatten All or Flatten Sel to select the stamped edges. The selected features highlight in the volume
color (magenta).
4. The VOL DIM SEL namelist menu appears with a list of all the selected stamped edge features to specify the
volume treatment.
� If you choose Modify Vol, all the features in the list are unchecked. Note that as you move the cursor over
each item in the namelist menu, the corresponding feature on the part is highlighted in red, then left visible
in yellow. Select, one by one, the features, the volume dimension of which you want to change. As you
select each one, the system prompts you to enter a new value. When you have finished, choose Done from
the VOL DIM SEL menu.
� If you choose Fix Vol Dim, all the features in the list are checked and the nominal volume of each is shown,
in yellow, on the part. To accept these values, choose Done from the
VOL DIM SEL menu.
5. Choose Done from the FLATTEN EDGE menu to accept the selections and values, then return to the dialog
box.
The flatten form feature for the selected stamped edges is now fully defined. Choose OK from the dialog
Pro/SHEETMETAL 59
box. The system creates the feature.
About Sheet Metal PartsA sheet metal part can be created in Sheet Metal mode or in Assembly mode as a sheet metal component, or it
can be a regular part that has a constant thickness that is converted to a sheet metal part.
Note: You cannot merge sheet metal parts with other assembly components.
A sheet metal part appears with green and white surfaces, with side surfaces in between. This helps in
visualizing the part and geometry selection, since sheet metal parts are comparatively thin. Sheet metal parts
have a constant thickness; Pro/ENGINEER creates the white surface by offsetting the material thickness from
the green. The side surfaces are not added until the part is fully regenerated.
This can affect the way you construct the part. The features used when building a sheet metal part are discussed
in this section.
About Part SurfacesA sheet metal part appears with green and white surfaces, with side surfaces in between. This helps in
visualizing the part and geometry selection, since sheet metal parts are comparatively thin. Sheet metal parts
have a constant thickness; Pro/ENGINEER creates the white surface by offsetting the material thickness from
the green. The side surfaces are not added until the part is fully regenerated.
To View the PartBecause of the thinness of a sheet metal part, using edges for orienting the part is more convenient than using
the side surfaces.
To orient the part:
1. Choose a view command (Front, for example), then select a surface.
2. Select the corresponding view command (Top, for example) and select an edge.
About Sheet Metal ParametersYou can fully or partially define sheet metal parameters that predefine geometry feature elements. Default
parameters can be setup on a part, open a part and use the parameters associated with that part, or import a
parameter file. You should set up certain parameters and conditions prior to adding features to your sheet metal
part. These include:
� Determining the method to calculate the developed length of flat sheet metal required to make a bend of
a specific radius and angle.
� Generating a table to document the order and dimensions of bend sequences.
� Setting the default surface or edge that remains fixed when you bend or bend back the part.
� Defining the default radius used when you create a bend or add walls.
� Creating, displaying and updating flat state instances of a current part.
Click See Also for a list of all and recommended sheet metal parameters.
About FeaturesPro/SHEETMETAL uses a set of features unique to sheet metal parts. Sheet metal features can be added to a
sheet metal part when the part is completely unbent, completely bent in its design condition, or at any stage of
bend/unbend in-between. Sheet metal parts cannot be retrieved in Part mode.
In Sheet Metal mode, you can create datum, cosmetic, and some Solid-class features, such as holes, slots,
chamfers and (flat) protrusions.
Pro/SHEETMETAL60
You cannot add Solid-class features inapplicable to sheet metal technology (e.g., shafts, tweak features) to a
sheet metal part.
About Design ApproachTypical sheet metal structures that can be designed with Pro/SHEETMETAL are cabinets and supporting
structures for electrical and mechanical equipment. In these instances, you should design the cabinet and
supporting structures around the internal components. As with regular Pro/ENGINEER parts created in
Assembly mode, a sheet metal part can be dimensioned to the component parts that it is supporting.
Before starting to create sheet metal features, review the following sections and remember:
� Design the part in the as designed condition, i.e., not as a flat pattern, unless you know all flat pattern details
and dimensions. (Problems can arise when you modify the part when designed as a flat pattern.)
� Add as many bends to the part as possible before adding other features.
Creating cuts at an angle or through bend areas might require larger dimensions for proper clearance.
Feature Order and ReferencesThe proper feature creation order and sketch references help when modifying the part and presenting the part in
a drawing. The following two illustrations show what can happen.
Order of Feature Creation
Cut createdbefore bend
When bend is created,new surfaces result. Cutsection stays in oldsurface location.
Cut created afterbend and unbendfeature
When bend back,cut section stayswith cut features.
Note: The cut could have beencreated in the bent position.
References for Feature Creation
Horizontal sketching referencecreated on unrelated surface.
Horizontal sketching reference iscreated through local edge andnormal to sketching plane.
Cut aligned to local edge anddimensioned to local vertex
Cut aligned to local edge anddimensioned to local vertex
After bending back, cut sectionis still aligned with local edge,but dimensions are in wronglocation because sketchingreferences did not move.
After bending back,feature dimensionsfollow becausesketchingreferences follow.
About Unbend and Bend BackProper use of unbend and bend back features is very important for
robust design. Remember, adding a bend back feature is not the same as deleting an unbend. The good practice
Pro/SHEETMETAL 61
is:
� If you add an unbend (or bend back) feature just to see how the part looks in a flattened (unbent) condition,
delete it before proceeding. Do not add unnecessary pairs of unbend/bend back features: they inflate the part
size and might cause problems at regeneration.
� If you specifically want to create some features in a flattened state, add an Unbend feature, create the
features you want, and then add a Bend Back feature. Do not delete the Unbend feature in this case: features
that reference it might fail regeneration.
Possible Design ApproachA possible design approach to follow for creating sheet metal parts is:
1. Create the basic sheet metal parts in Sheet Metal mode. Since many of the components will be held in place
with screws or bent tabs, you might want to leave the creation of these features for later when the
components are assembled.
2. Create the assembly by assembling all major internal components relative to each other. Include simple
supporting structures, or sheet metal parts that are not completely defined at this time, to place the
components. Less important components can also wait.
Components and Sheet Metal Platform, Before Assembly
componentparts
componentparts
sheet metalplatform
3. Create or modify the sheet metal parts using the internal components as references, if required. This aids
you in adding supporting walls, form features for stiffening panels, and punches and notches for fastening
the components.
Components and Sheet Metal Enclosure, After Assembly
flat wall added withcutouts aroundcomponents
flat walls added with notchessketched for tabs insupporting platform
4. After the cabinet and supporting structures are defined relative to the internal components and each other,
add any remaining components, sheet metal or assembly features.
5. Create and/or select a bend table to provide material allowances when unbending the part. This could also
be done as the first step in the design.
6. In Sheet Metal mode, create a bend order table to define the bending sequences for each part.
7. Add a Flat State instance. This creates your flat pattern for drawing and manufacturing. The bend table data
ensures that the flat pattern’s geometry is accurate.
Pro/SHEETMETAL62
8. Document the parts by creating drawings; you can include both the generic (as designed) part and the Flat
State instance (multi-model drawing). Show the dimensions for the as designed part and show/create
dimensions for the flat pattern part. Add the bend order table as a note.
About ReportsReports about the sheet metal part might be needed prior to manufacturing the part. You can access the reports
from the Sheet Metal Information menu.
Sheet Metal Information MenuUse the Shtmetal Inf menu to request reports on bends and design checking in the part. You can request
information about bends or non-suggested radii.
For the active part, use the Shtmtl Info menu to do the following:
� Bend Report—The Bend report displays in a information window.
� Radii Report—The Radii report displays in a information window.
� Design Chk—The Design checking report displays in a information window.
The following table shows the reports that you can request and the type of information included in each report.
Table 3: Sheet Metal Reports
Report Name Report Contents
Bend Report Part name
Part material
Part thickness
Part bend table
Bends that use a feature bend table
Non-90° walls and bends
Radii Report Part name
Part material
Part thickness
Part bend table
Bends created with non-suggested radii
Design Checking Rules table
Rule name
Rule formula
Rule value
Current value
IDs of edge features that violate rules
To Access the Bend ReportThe list of bends that use a feature bend table are categorized by Feature ID, Dimension Name and the name of
the bend table used.
The non-90° walls and bends are categorized by Feature ID, Dimension Name, Angle value, Option (method
used to calculate bend allowance—either a bend table, developed length dimension or the Y-factor), and bend
allowance.
1. Choose Sheet Metal from the INFO menu. The SHTMETAL INF menu appears
2. Choose Bend Report from the SHTMETAL INF menu. An information window displays a report.
To Access the Radii ReportA bend created with non-suggested radius is one that does not match any of the ones that you could have picked
Pro/SHEETMETAL 63
from the Sel Radius or From Table menus when creating the feature. (i.e., it does not match thickness, default
radius, if defined, or any of the values in the bend table, if one was defined for that bend.)
The bends are categorized by feature ID, dimension name and radius value.
1. Choose Sheet Metal from the INFO menu. The SHTMETAL INF menu appears
2. Choose Radii Report from the SHTMETAL INF menu. A Pro/TABLE window displays a report.
About Design CheckingDesign Checking verifies sheet metal designs with a set of predefined rules. The rules, wthat can be edited, are
contained in a Rule Table. To use Design Checking, perform the following:
� Define a Rule Table
� Assign a Rule Table to a sheet metal part
� Use Design Checking to verify the part
To Define a Rule Table1. Choose Set Up from the PART menu. The SMT SETUP menu appears.
2. Choose Design Rules from the SMT SETUP menu. The
RULE MGMT menu appears. The following options are available:
� Define—Define a Rule Table.
� Delete—Delete a Rule Table.
� Edit—Edit a Rule Table.
� Show—Show a Rule Table.
� Write—Write a Rule table to a file.
� Assign—Assign a Rule Table to a sheet metal part.
� Unassign—Unassign a Rule Table from a sheet metal part.
3. Select Define from the RULE MGMT menu.
4. Enter a name for the Rule Table. A Pro/Table window appears containing a list of default sheet metal rules.
The default rules are defined as follows:
� MIN_DIST_BTWN_CUTS—Checks the distance between two cuts or punches. Default: 5T
� MIN_CUT_TO_BOUND—Checks the distance from the edge of the part to a cut or punch. Default: 2T
� MIN_CUT_TO_BEND—Checks the distance from a bend-line to a cut or punch. Default: 2.5*T+R
� MIN_WALL_HEIGHT—Checks the minimum bend height of formed walls. Default: 1.5*T+R
� MIN_SLOT_TAB_WIDTH—Checks the minimum width of tabs. Default: T
� MIN_SLOT_TAB_LENGTH—Checks the minimum length of tabs. Default: 0.7
� MIN_LASER_DIM—Checks the minimum distance between features that are to be laser cut. Default:
1.5*T
Note: Rule checking can only be performed on planar surfaces.
5. Edit the Rule Table as necessary.
To Assign a Rule Table1. Choose Set Up from the PART menu. The SMT SETUP menu appears.
2. Choose Design Rules from the SMT SETUP menu. The RULE MGMT menu appears.
3. Choose Assign from the MGMT menu. The USE RULE menu appears. Select one of the following from the
USE RULE menu:
� From Part—Assign the previously defined Rule Table to the part.
� From File—Assign a Rule Table from a file.
4. The Rule Table is assigned to the part.
Note: A Rule Table can be unassigned from the part by selecting Unassign from the RULE MGMT menu.
Pro/SHEETMETAL64
To Check a Part Using Design Checking1. Choose Info from the MAIN menu. The INFO menu appears.
2. Choose Sheet Metal from the INFO menu. The SHTMETAL INF menu appears.
3. Choose Design Check from the SHTMETAL INF menu. The Design Checking window appears.
4. If any rules have been violated, each case, together with a description, appears in the window.
5. Select a case by picking the report text. A dimension, indicating the Current Value, appears in the part
window and identifies the feature in violation of the rules.
Note: Only planar walls are checked during design checking.
To Modify the Developed Length of a Bend Area1. Choose Value from the MODIFY menu.
2. Pick the surface of the part to be modified. The part dimensions display.
Changing The Developed Length
3. Pick on the dimension of the bend area to change. The DEV LENGTH menu appears. The following options
are available:
� Rtrn to Driven—Change the developed length of the bend area according to the bend table or Y-
factor.
� Enter Value—Enter a new developed length for the bend area.
4. Choose either Enter Value or Rtrn to Driven from the DEV LENGTH menu.
5. The bend area dimension is updated.
Notes:
� Only unbent geometry is affected by a revised developed length.
� Dimensions can also be modified in the unbent state.
� Developed length dimensions have no affect on bendback features.
About Flat PatternsFlat Pattern is equivalent to an Unbend All feature, but it is always positioned last in the part feature sequence.
You can create a Flat Pattern feature early in the design, to get started on drawings and manufacturing. If new
features are later added to the part, they are automatically reordered before the Flat Pattern feature.
After you create the Flat Pattern, the part always displays in the flattened state; however, once you start creating
a new feature, the Flat Pattern is temporarily suppressed, and then automatically resumed and reordered when
the new feature is completed.
If you do not want the part to be constantly flipping back and forth, you can suppress the Flat Pattern feature,
and resume it only when you want to see or use the flat pattern of the part.
Pro/SHEETMETAL 65
To Create a Flat Pattern1. Choose Feature, Create, and Sheet Metal.
2. Choose Flat Pattern from the SHEET METAL menu.
3. Select a plane or edge to remain fixed.
4. All bent surfaces and edges are unbent. There can only be one Flat Pattern feature per part; after you create
it, the Flat Pattern option becomes unavailable.
Tweaking a Flat PatternSometimes, it is necessary to tweak a flattened sheet metal pattern to account for material deformation and
undevelopable regions. You can do that with the Solid–Class Flat Protrusion function. This function enables
you to create a feature that is, effectively, an extension of a planar surface. It is attached to an existing edge or
edges (which do not have to be straight) and is defined by a sketch. It has the same thickness as the rest of the
sheet metal.
In general, you can bend/unbend/bend back a flat protrusion just like any other wall feature. However, if you
add it as a tweak feature to a part (or area of a part) that is already in an unbent condition, then it obviously
would not bend back when you bend back the material around it. In those cases, you must generally suppress a
flat protrusion before you can bend the model back.
Protrusion Dialog BoxThe dialog box for creating an extruded protrusion appears when you select Protrusion from the Solid menu.
The dialog box contains only one element as follows:
Section (required)—Sketched flat protrusion. It must be attached to an existing edge or edges.
To Create a Flat Protrusion1. Choose Solid from the FEAT CLASS menu.
2. Choose Protrusion from the SOLID menu. The PROTRUSION: Extrude dialog box appears.
3. Choose the Section element, then the Define button. The SETUP SK PLN menu appears with the option
Setup New preselected. This brings up the SETUP PLANE menu with the option Plane preselected.
4. In response to the prompts, select either the green or white face as your sketching plane, then choose the
plane’s orientation on the screen.
5. Sketch the flat protrusion, It must form a closed surface that is attached to an edge (or edges) of the existing
part.
6. Dimension the feature and regenerate it, then choose Done. The feature is now complete.
7. The feature is fully defined. Choose the OK button on the dialog box. The system creates the flat
protrusion. See the following illustration for an example of a flat protrusion.
About Flat State InstancesIn order to simplify and streamline the creation of Flat Pattern Representations for manufacturing, a new Flat
State menu (called Flat Stat) is provided. It is accessed through the Sheet Metal Setup menu. It can be used to
create instances directly, without having to edit the part’s family table. The instances thus created are initially
completely unbent.
Features created in Flat State instances behave just like those created in regular family table members.
If you subsequently choose the Update option from the Flat Stat menu, then all the features that were
added/enabled in any and all of the Flat State instances are enabled (resumed) in the generic and in all the
instances, except in those instances in which they were specifically suppressed. The system enables you to clean
up the family table by removing from it all the features that are now enabled in the generic and all the Flat State
instances.
You can create the first flat state instance from a generic that is either fully formed or fully flat.
Pro/SHEETMETAL66
� If the generic is (fully) formed, then the system brings up the Unbend feature editor and prompts you for the
Unbends necessary to make it fully flat. After you choose Done, the system creates the instance. If you then
create other instances, they are duplicates of the first one. The family table for the generic now contains a
new column listing that new Unbend. The Unbend is suppressed for the generic and enabled for the
instances.
� If the generic is already flattened (fully flat), then the system prompts you to select the Unbends that you
created to make it that way. It creates the first flat state instance and bends back the generic (by suppressing
the Unbend). The Family Table for the generic now contains a new column listing that Unbend. The
Unbend is suppressed for the generic and enabled for the instances.
To Create Flat State Instances1. Choose Set Up from the PART menu. The PART SETUP menu appears with Sheet Metal pre-selected,
which brings up the SMT SETUP menu.
2. Choose Flat State from the SMT SETUP menu.
3. Choose Create from the FLAT STAT menu.
4. In response to the prompt, enter the name of the flat state instance.
If this is the first flat state instance, the PART STATE menu appears, with the options Fully Flat and Fully
Formed.
� If the part is already flattened, go to the procedure To Create a Fully Flattened Instance.
� Otherwise, go to the procedure To Create a Fully Formed Instance.
If other flat state instances already exist, the system creates a duplicate under the new name. Except for the
Unbend, all the table-driven features for the new flat state instance initially have default status (same as for
the generic).
To Create a Fully Flattened Instance1. Choose Fully Flattened from the PART STATE menu. The
GET SELECT menu appears and the system prompts you to select the Unbend features that you used to
create this flattened state. After you do so and choose Done, the system creates a flat state instance that is a
copy of the generic and then bends back the generic (by suppressing the Unbend that you just selected).
2. The family table for the generic now contains a new item—the Unbend that you just specified; it is
suppressed for the generic (because the generic is formed) and it is enabled (resumed) for the instance.
To Create a Fully Formed Instance1. Choose Fully Formed from the PART STATE menu. The system brings up the UNBEND OPT menu and
prompts you to unbend (flatten) the part. When you choose Done from the FEATURE EDIT menu, the
system creates the flat state instance and momentarily displays it on the screen.
2. The family table for the generic now contains a new item—the Unbend that you just created; it is
suppressed for the generic (because the generic is formed) and it is enabled (resumed) for the instance.
Displaying Flat State InstancesYou can display flat state instances in the following three ways:
� If the generic is in the active window, choose Instance from the Family Table menu, then choose the
particular instance from the Instances namelist menu.
� If the generic is in the active window, choose Show from the Flat Stat menu, then choose the particular
instance from the Flat Models namelist menu.
� If you are retrieving the part through the Enterpart menu, you have the choice of retrieving the generic or
one of the instances.
Pro/SHEETMETAL 67
Changing Flat State InstancesYou can add or delete regular items to/from flat state instances by selecting Add or Delete Item from the Family
Table menu.
If you create a feature in a flat state instance, then that feature is tagged as a Flat State item and is added to the
family table. It is enabled (resumed) in the instance in which it was created and is suppressed in the generic. It
takes the default status in the other instances.
If you delete a feature in a flat state instance, the feature is tagged as a Flat State item and is added to the family
table (if it is not already there). It is suppressed in the instance in which it was deleted and is resumed in the
generic. It takes the default status in the other instances.
Editing the Family TableYou can edit the generic’s family table in the usual way to suppress/ resume features in the instances, remove
items or instances, and so on.
Suppressing and Resuming FeaturesYou can suppress and resume feature in flat state instances, just as in regular family table members. However,
if a flat state instance has suppressed Flat Protrusions or Unbends, they are not resumed by a Resume, All
command. You have to resume those features individually through the Resume, Feat ID or Resume, By Table
commands.
To Update a Flat State Family1. Choose Update from the FLAT STAT menu.
All the features that were added/enabled in any and all of the flat state instances are enabled (resumed) in
the generic and in all the instances, except in those instances in which they were specifically suppressed.
2. Flat state family table items that are now enabled for the generic and all the instances are considered to be
common items. Flat state items that are now suppressed for the generic and all the instances are also
considered to be common items.
The system asks you if you want to remove such common flat state items from the family table. If you
respond with Yes, the system leaves in the family table only those flat state items which are not all enabled
or suppressed.
3. The system then brings up the Bend Back feature editor. At this stage, you can choose how you want the
updated generic to be bent back. If you choose Quit, the flat state pattern is rolled back to the state it was
in before the Update.
4. If you chose to Bend Back the generic in Step 2, the system brings up the Unbend feature editor. You can
then choose how you want the flat state instances to be flattened/unbent relative to the generic.
Enter Val MenuUse the Enter Val menu found under the Bend Allow menu to do the following:
� Enter—Enter a value, through the keyboard.
� 0.5000000—The default value.
� previous value—The previous value used (if any). For a new part, it is the initial_bend_y_factor, if defined
in the configuration file.
To Modify the Y-Factor1. Choose Set Up from the PART menu.
2. Choose Sheet Metal from the PART SETUP menu.
3. Choose Bend Allow from the SMT SETUP menu.
Pro/SHEETMETAL68
4. Choose Y-factor from the BEND ALLOW menu.
If a bend table is currently assigned to the part, the system prompts you to confirm that you wish to discard
it. Choose Confirm from the CONFIRMATION menu.
The ENTER VAL menu appears.
5. Choose one of the options. The system completely regenerates the part, using the new value.
Note: For stretched bends (see the following illustration) � is negative, which makes the Y-Factor negative
too.
Negative Y-Factor
R
�
Td
developed length (L)between dots
neutral bendline
Fixed GeometryWhen you are unbending or bending back the part, the system always needs to know which surface or edge is to
remain fixed. If you select a surface or edge through the Fixed Geom menu, that geometry is used as the default
from then on. If you create an Unbend or Bend Back feature after that, the Feature Window immediately shows
that the fixed geometry is defined and you are not asked to select the edge or surface that is to remain fixed.
Use the Fixed Geom menu found under the Smt Setup menu to do the following:
� Select (default)—Bring up the Get Select menu. Select a surface or edge to be used as the default fixed
geometry.
� Show—Highlight the existing default fixed geometry.
� Clear—Clear the default fixed geometry.
� Done/Return—Return to the previous menu.
To Access the Default Fixed Geometry1. Choose Sheet Metal from the PART SETUP menu.
2. Choose Fixed Geom from the SMT SETUP menu.
3. Choose an option to proceed.
4. Choose Done/Return when you finish accessing the default fixed geometry.
Default RadiusWhen you are creating any kind of feature that contains a bend, the system needs to know the bend radius.
Often times, you want to use a default value that might be a function of the material, the material thickness and
so on.
Use the Sel Radius menu found under the Smt Setup menu to do the following:
� Thickness—The default bending radius is equal to the thickness of the sheet.
� Enter Value—Enter a random value.
� From Table—If a bend table is assigned to the part, the From Table menu appears with a listing of all the
radii in the table. Choose one of the values.
From Table MenuChoose one of the values in the From Table menu to select a defined default radius. The following is an
Pro/SHEETMETAL 69
example of the types of values that you might see in the From Table menu:
� 0.031250
� 0.46875
� 0.25000
� 0.281250
� 0.312500
To Define or Change the Default Radius1. Choose Sheet Metal from the PART SETUP menu.
2. Choose Default Rad from the SMT SETUP menu.
3. Choose an option to proceed.
About Pro/SHEETMETAL Bend TablesBend tables are used to accurately calculate the length of flat material (developed length) required to make a
bend of a specific radius and angle.
For the same bend, the developed length is different for different materials and material thicknesses.
Bend tables can be read in at any time. Note, however, that once a part is associated with a bend table, its
geometry depends on the table data. The bend table information is not stored with the part.
Every time the part is regenerated, it looks up the associated table for appropriate length values. If you modify a
bend table, all parts associated with it are updated upon regeneration.
Pro/SHEETMETAL provides the following three bend tables for your use:
Table Name Material Y-Factor K-Factor
TABLE1 Soft Brass and Copper 0.55 0.35
TABLE2 Hard Brass and Copper
Soft Steel
Aluminum
0.64 0.41
TABLE3 Hard Copper
Bronze
Cold Rolled Steel
Spring Steel
0.71 0.45
The bend tables provided with Pro/SHEETMETAL are used with permission from
Machinery’s Handbook, 23rd Edition.
Note: Bend Tables are applicable only for constant-radius bends. Bends with a varying radius (such as a
cone have their developed length calculated using the Y-factor.
Bend tables are normalized for 90° bends. For other than 90° bends, Pro/ENGINEER takes those values and
multiplies them by �/90, where � is the specific bend angle, in degrees.
The three Pro/SHEETMETAL bend tables use the following formula equation:
� FORMULA
L = �/2 x R + Yfactor x T
(The Y-factor value for each table is shown above).
� TABLE—Developed length for specific radius and material thickness from Machinery Handbook, 23rd
edition.
Note: Since Pro/SHEETMETAL table data in the provided tables is the developed length, no
CONVERSION statement is used.
Pro/SHEETMETAL70
Types of Bend TablesYou can make a particular Wall or Bend feature reference a different bend table from the bend table or Y-factor
associated with the overall part. At the time of creating a Wall or Bend feature, you have two options:
� Part Bend Tbl—The bend table associated with the part is used for developed length calculations. If no
table is currently assigned to the part, the Y-factor formula is used.
� Feat Bend Tbl—Specify a separate bend table to be used by the feature. Select one of the three supplied
bend tables from the Data Files namelist menu, or choose Names and enter the name of the bend table file
(including the path, if necessary).
After feature creation, use Redefine Attributes to change its bend table from the Part Table to a Feature Table or
vice versa. Note that you cannot change directly from one feature table to another—you have to change to the
part table as an intermediate step.
About Creating Bend Tables with Pro/TABLEYou can create your own bend tables to support additional material types or if you have an established bend
table standard that uses a different method for calculating the developed length.
If you create your own library of bend tables, tell Pro/ENGINEER where to find them by using the
configuration file option
pro_sheet_met_dir directory_<pathname>
and give the path to the directory in which they are stored. When you specify a bend table by name, the system
looks for it in the current directory and the above directory.
Create your bend tables for 90° bends. For other than 90° bends, Pro/ENGINEER takes those values and
multiplies them by �/90, where � is the specific bend angle, in degrees.
You do not have to insert a bend allowance value (A) in every cell in a bend allowance table. If you leave a
particular cell blank, the system calculates a value for the exact combination of R (inside bend radius) and T
(material thickness) that it represents by using the formula.
The illustration Pro/TABLE Bend Table is an example of a bend table. It shows the layout and data that needs
to be provided to Pro/ENGINEER for it to correctly unbend a sheet metal part.
The following table, Bend Table Format shows the Pro/TABLE format. Enter the appropriate data in the
columns.
Table 1: Bend Table Format
Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 Column 4 etc.
FORMULA
equation
...
ENDFORMULA
!
CONVERSION
equation
...
START MATERIALS
MATERIAL
...
END MATERIALS
!
Pro/SHEETMETAL 71
TABLE
radius radius radius radius
thickness bend allow bend allow bend allow ...
thickness ... ... ... ...
Comment lines can appear anywhere in a bend table. Each comment line in the table must start with an
exclamation point (!).
Note: Enter the words FORMULA, END FORMULA, CONVERSION, END CONVERSION, START
MATERIALS, END MATERIALS and TABLE exactly as shown.
Formula EquationFormula is an equation used to calculate the developed length for any radius or thickness values that fall outside
the range of the table data. The variables that you can use in the table are:
� L—Developed straight length of stock.
� R—Inside radius of the bend.
� T—Thickness of the material.
� ANGLE—Bend Angle (in degrees).
Follow these rules when you enter the formula equation in a bend table:
� The formula must be the first equation in the table.
� The formula must begin with the descriptor FORMULA, in the first column.
� If the equation is a simple one, then it can be written in the second column on the same line as the
descriptor, as in these examples:
FORMULA L = (0.55*T) + (PI*R)/2.0
FORMULA L = (ANGLE*PI/180)*(R+T/2)
� If the formula is more complex and/or contains some logic statements, then the FORMULA descriptor
must precede the actual formula on its own line and the formula must be concluded by the descriptor
END FORMULA, again on its own line and in the first column. See the example below:
FORMULA
IF (R/T) < 1.10 | (R/T) > 1.83
L = (PI*R*T)/2.0
ELSE
L = (PI/2)*(R + (T*0.35))
END FORMULA
In a multi-statement formula like this, you can enter the statements in columns other than the column
one. When Pro/ENGINEER verifies the table, it moves the statements into the first column. (If you
edit the table from within a session, Pro/ENGINEER verifies the table as soon as you exit/quit the
editor; if you edit the table outside a session, Pro/ENGINEER verifies the table when you apply it to a
sheet metal part.)
Conversion EquationThe conversion equation tells the system how table data (A) is related to the developed length (L). If no
conversion equation is defined, the system assumes that table data equals required length, that is L = A. In a
case where the table data represents, for example, the bend deduction value such an equation might look like:
L = 2*(T + R) - A
Note: L must never be negative.
The variables you can use in a conversion equation are:
� L—Developed straight length of stock.
� R—Inside radius of the bend.
Pro/SHEETMETAL72
� T—Thickness of the material.
� ANGLE—Bend Angle (in degrees).
� A—Bend allowance value contained in the table data section.
Follow these rules when you enter the conversion equation in a bend table:
� Only use a conversion equation when the developed length L is not equal to your table values A.
� The conversion must begin with the descriptor CONVERSION, in the first column.
� If the equation is a simple one, then it can be written in the second column on the same line as the
descriptor, as in this example:
CONVERSION L = 2*(T +R) - A
� If the formula is more complex and/or contains some logic statements, then the CONVERSION
descriptor must precede the actual formula on its own line and the formula must be concluded by the
descriptor END CONVERSION, again on its own line and in the first column.
Example of Determining a Conversion Equation
SFLAT = X + Y - AKnown:X = T + R + bY = T + R + aSFLAT = a + b + L
By Substitution:a + b + L = (T + R + b) + (T + R + a) - A
or
L = 2 * (T + R) - A
This is the CONVERSIONequation
Determining a Conversion Equation
Determine and apply the bend table values in the following manner:
1. Bend a known length of flat stock to the 90° L-shape as shown in the above illustration.
2. Add the measurements X and Y and subtract the original flat stock length from this sum.
3. Apply this deduction value to determine the developed length for models with common material type,
inside bend radius, and material thickness.
The conversion equation shown on the right is based on the graphic on the left.
Material DataEnter a list of the materials for which a particular bend table is intended.
Follow these rules when you enter and create materials in a bend table:
� Enter the material list immediately after the conversion equation. It must begin with the descriptor START
MATERIALS, in the first column.
� The material names must be entered in uppercase, one per line, in the first column.
� The material list must end with the descriptor END MATERIALS, on a separate line, in the first column.
Note that material tables contain a parameter Bend Table. If you enter a bend table in a material table and then
assign the material to the part, by choosing Assign from the Mater_Mgmt menu, the system checks that the
bend table lists the material. If it does not, the system goes ahead and assigns the specified bend table to the
part, but it issues a warning message Part Table Bend Error: The part material does notappear in the bend-table material list.
If you subsequently try to apply another bend table to the part, by choosing Set from the Bend Tab menu, the
system again checks to see if the table lists the assigned material. If it does not, the system rejects the command,
and issues the above error message.
Pro/SHEETMETAL 73
Table DataThe table data are the bend allowances (A) for specific bend radii and material thickness. The table data and the
conversion equation are used together, so make sure that the two together give you the correct results.
For bend radii and material thicknesses between the values in adjacent cells, a linear interpolation is used.
Note that the values in the bend tables are independent of the model units. They do not change if you change the
model units. For example, you originally create a sheet metal part with the model units set to inches. The sheet
metal thickness is 0.25 and the bend radius is 0.5. The system looks up the bend table to find the developed
length at the ordinates (0.25, 0.5). If you change the model units to centimeters and keep the model the same
size, the thickness of the sheet metal becomes 0.625 and the bend radius 1.270. The system looks up the table to
find the developed length at the ordinates (0.625, 1.270).
Bend Table MenuUse the Bend Tab menu to do the following:
� Define—The Define Btable menu appears to enable you to create a new bend table, edit or show an
existing bend table.
� Set—The Set Btable menu appears to enable you to apply a selected bend table to a part or remove the
bend table from the part.
To Access Pro/TABLEUse Pro/TABLE to create or edit your own bend table.
� Outside a Pro/ENGINEER session enter:
[protab]
...or...
� Inside a Pro/ENGINEER session:
Choose Define from the BEND TAB menu.
To Create a Bend Table within a Session1. Choose Define from the BEND TAB menu.
2. Choose Create from the DEF BTAB menu. Enter the name of the bend table.
A Pro/TABLE window displays with an outline table in it.
3. Enter the data into the empty table
...or...
Select File, then Read from the PRO/TABLE pulldown menu to use another bend table as a baseline.
A dialog box appears and prompts you to enter the full name of the file. After you enter the filename, the
system reads in the file from disk and writes it over the current file in session. You can then edit the file.
4. Choose Save or Exit. The system writes the bend table out to disk, in the current directory.
To Edit a Bend TableWithin a session, you can only edit bend tables created with the current part or applied to the current part.
1. Choose Define from the BEND TAB menu.
2. Choose Edit from the DEF BTAB menu.
3. Choose the bend table from the TBL NAMES namelist menu, which lists all the bend tables that were ever
applied to the part or were created when that part was the one currently in session.
A Pro/TABLE window displays with the selected table in it.
4. Edit the file.
5. Choose Save or Exit. The system writes the bend table out to disk, in the current directory.
Pro/SHEETMETAL74
To Apply a Bend Table to a Part1. Click Part > Set Up. The PART SETUP menu appears.
2. Click Sheet Metal > Bend Allow > Bend Table > Set. The CONFIRMATION menu appears.
3. Click Confirm. The BTAB TYPE menu appears with the following options:
� From Part – Save a bend table with a part.
� From File – Choose one of the three supplied tables (TABLE1, TABLE2, or TABLE3) from the
DATA FILES menu or click Names and enter the name of the bend table file. Include the path, if
necessary.
To Remove a Bend Table from a Part� Choose Remove from the SET BTAB menu
...or...
� Choose Y-factor from the BEND ALLOW menu.
The system automatically assigns the previous Y-factor to the part and completely regenerates it so as to update
the geometry.
To Modify the K-Factor Modify the K-Factor for bend allowances.
1. Click Part > Set Up. The PART SETUP menu appears.
2. Click Sheet Metal > Bend Allow. The BEND ALLOW menu appears.
3. If a bend table is currently assigned to the part, the system prompts you to confirm that you wish to discard
it. Choose Confirm from the CONFIRMATION menu.
4. Click K-Factor then type the new value for the K-Factor. Click to accept the new value. The system
completely regenerates the part, using the new value.
Note: For stretched bends, the neutral layer stays out of the sheet metal thickness so the K-Factor turns to a
negative value.
About the Y-Factor and K-FactorThe formula according to which developed length is calculated is:
L = ( 0.5 * Pi / R + Y-Factor * T ) Angle / 90
The Y-Factor = ( Pi / 2 ) * K-Factor.
The K-Factor is a physical value defining the ratio of distance from the inner side of the bend to the neutral
layer and sheet metal thickness.
The K-Factor is a physical value defined as:
K = d / T
Pro/SHEETMETAL 75
Developed Length of Material
R
T
L
1
δ
δ
T
L
A B
A. Before the Bend
B. After the Bend
1. Neutral bend line
To Add Sheet Metal ParametersYou can add the following sheet metal parameters to a model during the design process:
� SMT_DFLT_BEND_ANGLE
� SMT_DFLT_CRNR_REL_WIDTH
� SMT_DFLT_CRNR_REL_DEPTH
� SMT_DFLT_BEND_REL_WIDTH
� SMT_DFLT_BEND_REL_DEPTH
� SMT_DFLT_BEND_REL_ANGLE
1. From the Part menu, click Set Up > Sheet Metal > Parameters… The Sheetmetal Parameters dialog box
opens.
Note: Attribute and Add Relation are not available if the table cell in the Value column is blank.
2. Choose the required parameter value from the Value drop-down list or type the value manually.
3. Set Attribute to Auto and Add Relation to Yes or No if required.
4. Repeat as often as you want then click OK.
To Delete Sheet Metal ParametersYou can delete the following sheet metal parameters to a model during the design process:
� SMT_DFLT_BEND_ANGLE
� SMT_DFLT_CRNR_REL_WIDTH
� SMT_DFLT_CRNR_REL_DEPTH
� SMT_DFLT_BEND_REL_WIDTH
� SMT_DFLT_BEND_REL_DEPTH
Pro/SHEETMETAL76
� SMT_DFLT_BEND_REL_ANGLE
1. From the Part menu, click Set Up > Sheet Metal > Parameters… The Sheetmetal Parameters dialog box
opens.
2. Delete the parameter value from the Value drop-down list.
3. Repeat as often as you want then click OK.
Note: You cannot delete sheet metal parameters if it is used in relations.
You can also delete sheet metal parameters using the standard parameter functionality.
1. Click Part > Set Up >Parameters. The Parameters dialog box opens.
2. Select the name of the sheet metal parameter to delete from the Parameters Table.
3. Click then OK.
Sheet Metal Parameters Table
PARAMETER NAME VALUE
TYPE
ALLOWED
VALUE
INITIAL
STAGE
AUTO or
MANUAL
PART LEVEL
SMT_MATERIAL String N/A
SMT_K_FACTOR Double 0.38 in
Enter Value
N/A
SMT_Y_FACTOR Double 0.5 in
Enter Value
N/A
FEATURE LEVEL
SMT_PART_BEND_ALLOW_DFLTS Boolean Yes
No
Manual
SMT_DFLT_RADIUS Double Thickness
2 x Thickness
Manual
SMT_DFLT_BEND_ANGLE Double 90°
(0° — 360°)
Manual
SMT_DFLT_CRNR_REL_WIDTH Double Thickness
2 x Thickness
Enter Value
Manual
SMT_DFLT_CRNR_REL_DEPTH Double Thickness
2 x Thickness
Enter Value
Manual
SMT_DFLT_BEND_REL_WIDTH Double Thickness
2 x Thickness
Enter Value
Manual
SMT_DFLT_BEND_REL_DEPTH String Up to Bend
Tan to Bend
(Obround Only)
Manual
SMT_DFLT_BEND_REL_ANGLE Double 45° Manual
Pro/SHEETMETAL 77
(stretch relief only) (0° — 360°)
SMT_SHARPS_TO_BEND Boolean No
Yes
Manual
SMT_DFLT_CRNR_REL_TYPE String No Relief
None
Circular
Obround
Manual
SMT_DFLT_BEND_REL_TYPE String No Relief
Rip
Stretch
Rectangular
Obround
Manual
SMT_DFLT_RADIUS_SIDE String Inside
Outside
Manual
SMT_DFLT_ATTRIBUTES String One Side
Both Sides
Manual
SMT_DFLT_DEPTH_OPTION String Thru Next
Thru All
Blind
Manual
Note: Parameters (defaults) related to corner and bend relief depend on their type. The following describes these
dependencies and behavior for both corner and bend relief.
SMT_DFLT_CRNR_REL_WIDTH
SMT_DFLT_REL_DEPTH
Always has the system default (thickness)
SMT_DFLT_CRNR_REL_TYPE If set to Manual, you are prompted for corner
relief type during feature creation. You are also
prompted for corner depth and width.
If set to Auto, this step is skipped and the
default value for depth and width is accepted
automatically.
SMT_DFLT_BEND_REL_TYPE If set to Manual, you are prompted for corner
relief type during feature creation. You are also
prompted for corner depth and width.
If set to Auto, this step is skipped and the
default value for depth and width is accepted
automatically.
To Modify Sheet Metal ParametersYou can modify sheet metal parameters.
1. Click Part > Set Up. The PART SETUP and SMT SETUP menus appear.
2. Click Sheet Metal on the PART SETUP menu.
3. Click Parameters on the SMT SETUP menu. The Sheetmetal Parameters dialog box opens with the
following options:
� Parameter Name — Name of the sheet metal defaults and parameters (read-only)
Pro/SHEETMETAL78
� Value — Allowed sheet metal values
� Attribute
� Manual — You are prompted for feature definition steps. Manual is the default option.
� Auto — Appropriate feature definition steps are automatically skipped and default values are
accepted.
Note: To set all parameter attributes to Auto, click or Edit > Set Attribtute to Auto.
� Add Relation
� Yes — Relation between the current element and parameter is automatically added during feature
creation.
� No — Relation between the current element and parameter are not automatically added during
feature creation. You can add this relation manually while creating features by choosing the By
Param option.
� Status — Indicates which value is changed from the default position.
4. Click the value, attribute, or relation, to modify. Type values or use the drop-down lists to make your
selections.
5. Click OK.
Note: Defaults that cannot be used in relations is represented with a hyphen (-).
To Reset Sheet Metal Parameters to Defaults1. Click Part > Set Up. The PART SETUP and SMT SETUP menus appear.
2. Click Sheet Metal from the PART SETUP menu.
3. Click Parameters from the SMT SETUP menu. The Sheetmetal Parameters dialog box opens.
4. Click Edit > Reset to Defaults.
About Reset to Default ParametersUse the Reset to Defaults option to reset sheet metal parameters to their default positions. This option is
unavailable if changes are not made in the Sheetmetal Parameter dialog box. Reset options are available in the
Edit menu and dialog toolbar. The right mouse button option is available only for the Entire Table and
Selected Row reset options. You can reset the following items:
� Entire Table – Reset the entire table to default positions.
� Selected Row – Reset all specific parameter rows to default positions.
� Selected Column – Reset the value and attribute columns to default positions.
To Add Relation for Sheet Metal ParametersThe following describes rules and behavior for adding relation for sheet metal parameters.
� If you set relation to Yes while in Parameter dialog, the relation between appropriate feature dimension and
set up parameters are added automatically. For example, d10 = SMT_DFLT_CRNR_REL_WIDTH
� If you set relation to No while in Set Up dialog, the relation between appropriate feature dimension and set
up parameters are not added automatically. You can add this relation later during feature redefinition by
clicking By Param. Any changes of this parameter in Setup and Regeneration menu affects this element.
� If you choose Thickness and Thickness *2 during feature redefinition, the relation between appropriate
feature’s dimension and Set Up Parameter (d10 = SMT_DFLT_CRNR_REL_WIDTH) is deleted and a new
relation is added (d10 = smt_thickness () or d10 = smt_thickness () *2).
� If you choose Enter Value, any relation is deleted and the last dimension value appears by default in the
input panel.
Pro/SHEETMETAL 79
� If you pick OK in the dialog for all parameters with value thickness or 2* thickness, the following relation,
for example, should be added: SMT_DFLT_CRNR_REL_WIDTH = smt_thickness () or
SMT_DFLT_CRNR_REL_WIDTH = 2*smt_thickness(). If you enter any value, no relation is added.
To Save and Retrieve Sheet Metal Parameter FilesUse the Save and Retrieve options from the file menu to save or retrieve sheet metal parameter files (*.smd).
You can use this file in start part to define all required parameters before you start the design process.
About Bend Order TablesYou can create bend order tables and display them in sheet metal drawings to document the order and
dimensions of bend features. Bend order tables can be updated by reviewing the bend sequence. When a bend
order table is stored, the file name is <modelname>.bot.
Note: You cannot create or edit a bend order table on a completely unfolded model.
Bend Order MenuUse the Bend Order menu found under the Smt Setup menu to do the following:
� Clear—Delete an existing bend order table.
� Show/Edit—The Show/Edit menu appears.
� Info—Display the bend order table on the screen and write it to a .bot file.
Show/Edit MenuUse the Show/Edit menu to do the following:
� Next—In response to the prompt, select a plane that is to remain fixed. The highlighted bends in the current
sequence are bent back. Proceed to the next sequence.
� Skip—Skip the specified number of bending sequences.
� Add Bend—Add additional bend to the bending sequence. If you select a bend that is currently being used
in a later sequence, you have the option to move it to the current sequence. You cannot select a bend that
has already been bent back in a previous sequence.
� Delete Bend—Remove bend from the current bending sequence. Use this if you plan to use the bend in a
later sequence.
� Insert—Insert a bending sequence after the previous bending sequence.
� Done—Save all the bending sequences.
� Quit—Quit editing or creating a bend order table without saving the changes.
To Create a Bend Order Table1. With a model in the bent condition, choose Sheet Metal from the PART SETUP menu.
2. Choose Bend Order from the SMT SETUP menu.
3. Choose Show/Edit from the BEND ORDER menu. The
GET SELECT menu appears.
4. In response to the system prompt, select a plane or edge to remain fixed while the model is completely
unbent. The model is completely unfolded.
5. The Add Bend option in the SHOW/EDIT menu is enabled. The GET SELECT menu appears and you are
prompted to select the bends for the first sequence. You can select any bend, and any number of bends in
any order.
6. When you have finished adding bends to the current sequence, and you want to start another sequence,
choose Next from the SHOW/EDIT menu. The bends in the current sequence are now highlighted in
magenta.
Pro/SHEETMETAL80
7. In response to the prompt, select a plane which is to remain fixed. The highlighted bends are then bent
back.
8. The Add Bend option in the SHOW/EDIT menu is re-enabled and the GET SELECT menu re-appears. You
are now starting a new sequence.
9. Repeat Steps 6 through 8 until the whole part is bent back.
10. Choose Done from the SHOW/EDIT menu. The system creates the bend order table.
Displaying a Bend Order TableTo write the bend order table to a file and display it on the screen, choose Info from the Bend Order menu. In
the bend order table, a bend’s direction is considered to be in when it is less than 180° (i.e. acute or obtuse) on
the green side. It is considered to be out when it is greater than 180° (i.e. oblique) on the green side.
Bend Order
green side
sequence 1, bend 1 (out)
sequence 1, bend 2 (out)
sequence 2, bend 1 (in)
sequence 2, bend 2 (out)
sequence 4, bend 1 (in)
sequence 3,bend 1 (in)
The bend sequences for the part are shown below.
Show/Edit - Unbend all bends
First sequence highlighted
Next - Bend back first sequence
Second sequence highlighted
Next - Bend back second sequence
Third sequence highlighted
Next - Bend back third sequence
Fourth sequence highlighted
Next - Bend back fourth andlast sequence
To Edit a Bend Order Table1. With a model in the folded condition, choose Sheet Metal from the PART SETUP menu, then Bend Order
from the SMT SETUP menu.
2. Choose Show/Edit from the BEND ORDER menu.
3. In response to the system prompt, select a plane or edge to remain fixed while the model is completely
unbent. The model is then completely unfolded.
4. Bend geometry included in the first bending sequence highlights in magenta. Choose an option from the
SHOW/EDIT menu.
5. Select the bend(s) you want to edit.
Pro/SHEETMETAL 81
To Delete a Bend Order Table1. With the model in the folded condition, choose Sheet Metal from the PART SETUP menu.
2. Choose Bend Order from the SMT SETUP menu.
3. Choose Clear from the BEND ORDER menu.
About Base WallsThere are several options for creating the base wall that are not available when you are adding more walls to the
part. The feature forms available for the base wall are listed, with examples, on the following pages.
� Extrude—Sketch the side section of the wall and extrude it a specified depth.
Base Feature—Extruded Wall
featuresection
� Revolve—Sketch the side section of the wall and revolve about an axis.
Base Feature—Revolved Wall
� Blend—Create a sheet metal wall by blending several sections sketched in parallel planes.
Base Feature—Blended Wall
ruled surfaces
� Flat—Sketch the boundaries of the wall.
Base Feature—Flat Wall
� Offset—Create a wall that is offset from a surface.
Pro/SHEETMETAL82
Base Feature—Offset Wall
offset
surface
offset
wall
� Advanced—Create a sheet metal wall using datum curves, multiple trajectories, etc. Note that, because you
are already in Sheet Metal mode, any features that you create through this menu are thin ones.
To Create the Base Wall1. Click Feature > Create. The SHEETMETAL menu appears.
2. Click Wall. The Options menu appears.
3. Choose the type of base wall to create. Your choices include Extrude, Revolve, Blend, Flat, Offset, or
Advanced.
4. Follow the procedure for the specific form type.
5. Sketch the necessary geometry.
6. After the part successfully regenerates, with the dimensioning scheme desired, choose Done.
7. Enter the thickness of the sheet metal material.
Dimensioning to Mold Line (Base Wall only) It is often desirable to dimension sheet metal walls to the mold line (intersection of the flat wall extensions).
You can accomplish this dimensioning scheme by adding appropriate sketcher centerlines and point while
creating the base wall section. Dimensions can then be created to the sketcher point, instead of the tangent
points on the arc as shown in the following illustration.
Dimensioning to Mold Line
120.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
1
120.00
1.75
2.00
2.00
2
1. dimension to the sketcher point
2. thicken
Pro/SHEETMETAL 83
About Secondary WallsYou can add flat walls, extruded walls, partial walls, swept walls, extends, twists and merged walls. They are
attached to the edges on the part. Except for the extends, these walls can either be attached to a whole edge, or
to a portion of it (partial walls, sweeps and twists). Extends extrude a wall along the full length of the specified
edge. You can also add unattached walls, independent of the base wall, by checking Unattached in the Wall
menu.
The three major geometry types for additional walls are Flat, Extruded and Swept (Partial walls are a subset of
Extruded walls). With two additional menu options, No Radius and Use Radius, possible wall features are as
follows:
� Flat wall, No Radius—Sketch the boundaries of the wall attached to the selected edge. The adjacent wall
must be either planar or a twist. The attachment edge must be a straight line. The new wall is automatically
created coplanar with the adjacent planar wall or tangential with the end of the twist.
Flat Wall—No Radius
WALL WALL
added material
� Extruded or Partial wall, No Radius—Sketch the side section of the wall which will be extruded along the
attachment edge. You determine if a bend is to be created when you are sketching the section. For a partial
wall, the adjacent wall must be planar. For an extruded wall, the adjacent wall must be either planar or a
twist. In all cases, the attachment edge must be a straight line.
Extruded or Partial Wall—No Radius
WALL WALL WALL
no bend
added
zero radius
bend
radius
bend
� Swept wall, No Radius—Use this to attach a wall to almost any type of surface. The sweep trajectory is the
attachment edge of the adjacent wall. It must be a tangent chain but it can be three-dimensional. Sketch the
side section of the wall. Determine if a bend is to be created when you are creating the sketch.
� Flat wall, Use Radius—Sketch the boundaries of the wall attached to the selected edge. The sketching
plane is set up at a specified angle, and the radius is added after you create the wall. Note that material is
removed from the wall-wall intersection. If the wall is not attached to the edge vertices, you have to use
reliefs to properly create the wall geometry. The adjacent wall must be planar and the attachment edge must
be a straight line.
Flat Wall—Use Radius
attachmentpoints
WALL WALL
added material
� Extruded or Partial wall, Use Radius—Sketch the side section of the wall which will be extruded along
the attachment edge. The bend radius for the wall is added after you create the wall. Note that material is
removed from the wall at the bend location. For a Partial wall, you have to use reliefs to properly create the
wall geometry. The adjacent wall must be planar and the attachment edge must be a straight line.
Pro/SHEETMETAL84
Extruded or Partial Wall—Use Radius
extruded wall, or flatwall shown on end radius specified
WALLgreen side
WALLgreen side
� Swept Wall, Use Radius—Use this to attach a wall to almost any type of surface. The sweep trajectory is
the attachment edge of the adjacent wall. It must be a tangent chain but it can be three-dimensional. Sketch
the side section of the wall. The limitation is that the line of intersection between the sketching plane and the
adjacent surface must be a straight line.
� Twist—Use this wall to change the plane of a part. Its adjacent wall must be planar and the attachment edge
must be a straight line.
� Merge—Use this to integrate unattached walls into one part.
� Unattached walls—You can create flat, extruded, revolved, blend, offset and advanced unattached walls.
These can be defined on either the white or green surface in your sketch.
Which Type of Wall to UseFlat Walls and extruded walls must be attached to planar surfaces. Their attachment edges must be straight
lines. Flat walls can have any shape section, but their profile is always flat. Extruded walls can be sketched with
a more complex profile. Extruded walls are always created as rectangular because they are extruded to a
uniform depth; however, you can afterwards add Cut features to modify the wall shape.
Swept walls can be attached to virtually any surface. Their attachment edge need only be a tangent chain.
For Flat walls, No Radius is used when you want the new wall to lie in the same plane as the adjacent wall. If
you want to bend at a sharp edge, choose Use Radius and enter a radius value of 0.
For Extruded and Partial walls, sometimes you have to use No Radius even if you actually want to create a
radius. This happens because the Use Radius option removes some material from the original wall at the bend
location, and thus Use Radius geometry cannot be constructed for some attachment edges (e.g. when the
selected edge has adjacent bends). In these cases, choose No Radius and sketch the wall section starting with the
tangent arc of desired radius. This sketched arc must be tangent to the adjacent surface.
Another way to create this wall feature would be to use the Use Radius option and enter a value of zero for the
bend radius.
Extruded or Partial Wall—No Radius
sketch tangent radiusUse NoRadius
When attaching to this edge,material around the edgecannot be removed becauseof the adjacent bend
For Swept walls, sometimes you have to use No Radius even if you actually want to create a radius. This is
because the Use Radius option creates a fillet with the specified radius along the trajectory edge between the
swept wall and the adjacent surface. The fillet takes material from the adjacent wall. If you do not want that to
happen, choose No Radius and sketch the wall section, starting with an arc of the desired radius. This sketched
arc must be tangent to the adjacent surface.
Pro/SHEETMETAL 85
About Automatic Reliefs for WallsAn automatic relief is used in sheet metal fabrication to allow for control of high deformation areas. For
example, stretching may be appropriate for relatively little deformation, however if a rip is used for larger
deforming areas, unpredictable material behavior (unwanted ripping) may result if left unrelieved.
After you have sketched the new wall and the sketch has been regenerated, the RELIEF menu appears with the
following choices:
� No Relief—The wall is created without relief.
� w/Relief—The RELIEF TYPE menu appears. The system highlights each attachment point in turn and
asks you to select the kind of relief you want to use there. Click See Also for more details. Choose from one
of the following:
� No Relief—Attach the wall without reliefs.
� StrtchRelief—Use material stretching to provide bend relief at the wall attachment points.
� Rip Relief—At each attachment point, rip the existing material normal to the edge and back to the
tangent line.
� RectRelief—To create a rectangular relief.
� ObrndRelief—To create an obround relief.
The SEL WIDTH menu appears when you choose the rectangular or obround reliefs. You then type the relief
dimensions and determine if you want to create the relief up to bend or tan to bend. Click See Also for more
details.
Menus Used to Create Flat, Extruded, Partial, andSwept WallsWhen you create a flat, extruded, or partial wall, you must specify a bend table. If you use the Use Radius
option when creating a flat, extruded, partial, or swept wall, you must also specify the relief and radius.
Dialog boxes are used to define these types of walls. In the main dialog box for each of these types of walls, you
define the bend table, relief, and radius elements. When you select one of these elements, the appropriate menu
appears to aid in your definition.
The Use Table menu, Relief menu, and Select Radius menu are described here.
Use Table MenuUse the Use Table menu to specify the type of bend table to assign to the bend:
� Part Bend Tbl—Use the default part bend table.
� Feat Bend Tbl—Assign a specific bend table to this feature. The Data Files menu appears with a list of
possible bend tables.
Relief MenuIf you select the Use Radius option to create a flat, extruded, partial, or swept wall, use the Relief menu to
specify the following:
� No Relief—Create the wall without relief.
� w/Relief—Create the wall with relief. The Relief Type menu appears with the following options:
� No Relief—Create wall without relief.
� StrtchRelief—Create wall with stretch relief.
� Rip Relief—Create wall with rip relief.
Pro/SHEETMETAL86
Select Radius MenuIf you select the Use Radius option to create a flat, extruded, partial, or swept wall, use the Select Radius menu
to specify the following:
� Thickness—Sheet metal thickness.
� Enter Value—Enter a value at the keyboard.
� Default—Use the defined Default Radius. (This option appears only if the Default Radius has already been
defined.)
� From Table—If a Bend Table has been assigned and you select this option, the From Table menu appears
with a listing of all the radii in the table. You can then choose one of the values.
About Flat WallsA flat wall is attached to a selected edge, and you sketch the boundaries of the wall in a plane at the bend angle
of the finished wall. The surface adjacent to the edge must be planar.
When you create a flat wall, you:
� Must sketch the Flat Wall as an open loop.
� Attach the Flat Wall to either the green or white side of the Attach Edge, with its attachment points inside
(or aligned with) the highlighted vertices.
If the Flat Wall has a radius and rip relief, and you dimension it to the inner surfaces of adjacent walls, then you
can set the offset distance to zero.
The system relieves the Flat Wall as shown in the illustration Creating a Flat Wall (d). This is functionally
equivalent to the effect that you would get if you created the Flat Wall with real offset dimensions, as in
Creating a Flat Wall (c), and then added Extend features at the ends.
Flat Wall Dialog BoxThe dialog box for a flat wall appears when you select the option Flat and the option No Radius or Use Radius
from the Options menu.
The dialog box lists the following elements:
� Bend Table (required)—Displays the Use Table menu. Use the default part bend table or assign a specific
bend table to the feature.
� Radius Type (see comment)—Inside Radius or Outside Radius. Required only if Use Radius is selected.
� Attach Edge (required)—A straight edge on an existing planar wall where the new wall is attached.
� Angle (see comment)—The angle at which the new wall is attached to the existing wall. Required only if
Use Radius is selected.
� Sketch (required)—Sketched flat wall. It must be attached to an existing wall.
� Relief (see comment)—Displays the Relief menu. The type of relief to be used. Required only if Use Radius
is selected.
� Radius (see comment)—Bend radius. Required only if Use Radius is selected.
(c), and then added Extend features at the ends.
To Create a Flat Wall1. Click Feature > Create. The SHEETMETAL menu appears.
2. Click Wall. The Options menu appears.
3. Choose wall option Flat and the option No Radius or
Use Radius from the OPTIONS menu. Then choose Done. The WALL Options: FLAT dialog box appears.
4. Choose the Bend Table element, then the Define button. The USE TABLE menu appears. Choose the type
Pro/SHEETMETAL 87
of bend table that you want, then Done.
5. If you chose the Use Radius option in Step 2, the RADIUS SIDE menu appears. Choose Inside Rad or
Outside Rad, then Done/Return.
6. Choose the Attach Edge element, then the Define button. Pick an edge on an existing plane sheet metal
wall.
7. If you chose the Use Radius option in Step 2, the DEF BEND ANGLE menu appears. Choose one of the
standard listed values or choose Enter Value and then enter the exact value (in degrees). Choose Done.
8. Choose the Attach Edge element, then the Define button. The PRE SKETCH menu appears with the option
Restart pre-selected. The DIRECTION menu also appears. A red arrow appears on the sheet metal, growing
from one end of the Attach Edge. This indicates the direction of viewing the sketching plane. Choose Flip
to reverse the direction. Choose Okay to accept it.
Sketch the wall section. It must be an open section with the endpoints aligned to the attachment edge. If the
endpoints lie at the vertices highlighted with an X, you do not have to explicitly align them.
When the wall section successfully regenerates, choose Done.
9. If you chose the Use Radius option in Step 2, the RELIEF menu appears.
10. Choose one of the relief options, then Done.
11. If you chose the Use Radius option in Step 2, the SEL RADIUS menu appears. Choose or enter the bend
radius.
12. The feature is now fully defined. Choose OK from the dialog box. The system creates the Flat Wall with
the same thickness as that of the base feature.
About Extruded WallsAn extruded wall is attached to an edge and always extrudes the complete length of the edge. The surface
adjacent to the edge must be planar. You can automatically convert sharp corners to bends using the Sharp To
Bends feature.
Extruded Wall Dialog BoxThe dialog box for an extruded wall appears when you select Extended and No Radius or Use Radius from the
Options menu.
The dialog box lists the following elements:
� Bend Table—Use the default part bend table or assign a specific bend table to the feature.
� SharpsToBend—Convert sharp corners into bends automatically.
� Radius Type—Inside Radius or Outside Radius. Required only if Use Radius is selected.
� Attach Edge—A straight edge on an existing planar wall where the new wall is attached.
� Sketch—Sketched cross section. It is attached to the Attach Edge.
� Relief—The type of relief to be used. Required only if Use Radius is selected.
� Radius—Bend radius. Required only if Use Radius is selected.
To Create an Extruded Wall1. Click Feature > Create. The SHEETMETAL menu appears.
2. Click Wall. The Options menu appears.
3. Choose Extruded, then No Radius or Use Radius from the OPTIONS menu. Then choose Done. The
WALL Options: Extruded dialog box appears.
4. Choose the Bend Table element, then the Define button. The USE TABLE menu appears. Choose an
option, then Done.
5. If you chose the Use Radius option in Step 3, the RADIUS SIDE menu appears. Choose Inside Rad or
Outside Rad, then Done/Return.
6. Choose the Attach Edge element, then the Define button. Pick an edge on an existing plane sheet metal
wall.
7. Choose the Sketch element, then the Define button. The PRE SKETCH menu appears with the option
Pro/SHEETMETAL88
Restart pre-selected. The DIRECTION menu also appears. A red arrow appears on the sheet metal, growing
from one end of the Attach Edge. This indicates the direction of viewing the sketching plane. Choose Flip
to reverse the direction. Choose Okay to accept it.
Sketch the wall section. The sketch must be attached to the vertex highlighted with an X.
When the sketch successfully regenerates, choose Done.
8. If you chose the Use Radius option in Step 3, the RELIEF menu appears. Choose one of the relief options,
then Done.
9. If you chose the Use Radius option in Step 3, the SEL RADIUS menu appears. Choose or enter the bend
radius.
10. The feature is now fully defined. Choose OK from the dialog box. The system creates the Extruded Wall.
Tangent Entities for an Extruded WallIf an extruded wall section is to be tangent to the adjacent surface, you have to make sure your entity at the
attachment point is tangent.
To Create a Tangent Arc or Spline1. Create a small straight line segment tangent to the existing wall and opposite to the direction you want the
wall created.
2. Create a tangent arc or spline to this sketched entity.
3. Delete the first line.
Tangent Wall
Sketch line tangent
to adjacent surface
Create tangent arc Delete line
Material Thickness for an Extruded WallUse the Thicken command to dimension to both sheet metal surfaces while creating an extruded wall section.
This enables you to dimension the inside bend radii on opposite sides of the section, or to create dimensions
needed for proper sizing or clearance, and so on. This way, you do not have to add material thickness to your
dimension values.
To Thicken a Wall Section1. Create the section sketch.
2. Click Sketch > Feature Tools > Thicken. Offset edges are automatically created.
Note: At this point, you may consider converting system dimensions to strong dimensions to insure that you
have the correct dimensioning scheme.
3. Regenerate the sketch.
About Partial WallsThere are two ways to create partial walls in sheet metal parts:
� You can sketch a Flat wall not connected to the endpoints of the attachment edge (see the illustration Flat
Partial Wall with Reliefs (Rips).
Pro/SHEETMETAL 89
Flat Partial Wall with Reliefs (Rips)
� You can create partial walls by using By Point when you define the sketching plane for an extruding wall.
Select or create datum points on the attached edge and then specify the required depth.
Partial walls can be created on an edge where they cross an existing bend feature (see the illustration A Partial
Wall Crossing a Bend).
A Partial Wall Crossing a Bend
You must use reliefs when you create any type of partial wall with Use Radius (see the illustration Using
Reliefs for Partial Walls).
Using Reliefs for Partial Walls
Bend addedlater
Flat partial wall, UseRadius, w/Relief
Flat partial wall, NoRadius, No Relief
To Create an Extruded Partial Wall1. Create a datum point on the edge (the Attach Edge) to which you want the wall to be attached.
2. Click Feature > Create. The SHEETMETAL menu opens.
3. Click Wall. The Options menu opens.
4. Click Extruded and No Radius or Use Radius from the OPTIONS menu and then click Done. The WALL
Options: Partial, Use/No Radius dialog box appears.
5. Choose the Bend Table element and then the Define button. The USE TABLE menu opens. Choose an
option and then Done.
6. If you choose the Use Radius option, the RADIUS SIDE menu appears. Choose Inside Rad or Outside
Pro/SHEETMETAL90
Rad and then Done/Return. The ATTRIBUTES menu opens. Choose One or Both Sides and then Done.
7. Choose the Attach Edge element and then pick an edge on an existing plane sheet metal wall.
8. Click By Point and then pick an attached edge to create a datum point "on the fly" or pick an existing
datum point on the Attach Edge.
9. Specify the direction of the view at the sketching plane and then sketch the wall section. The sketch must
be attached to the vertex highlighted with an X.
10. When the sketch successfully regenerates, click Done.
11. If you chose the Use Radius option in Step 4, the RELIEF menu appears. Choose one of the relief options
and then Done.
12. If you chose the Use Radius option in Step 4, the SEL RADIUS menu appears. Choose or enter the bend
radius.
13. Choose the Extr Depth element and pick the Define button. Enter a value for the extrusion depth. Note that
the extrusion is from the point into the screen, when you are in Sketch Mode.
14. The feature is now fully defined. Choose OK from the dialog box. The system creates the Partial Wall.
About Swept WallsA swept wall can be used to create hems and flanges. Unlike the previous walls, the edge to which a swept wall
is attached does not have to be linear. Neither does the adjacent surface have to be planar. The wall is defined
by sweeping a sketched cross section along the attachment edge, which forms the trajectory path.
When you create a swept wall:
� The attachment surface need not be planar.
� If you create a swept wall with the following characteristics:
� Use Radius option
� Radius r
then effectively the system creates a fillet of radius r along the trajectory edge, between the attachment
surface and the swept wall.
� If the swept wall has the Use Radius option, the line of intersection between the sketching plane (on which
the section is created) and the attachment surface must be a straight line. The illustration Swept Wall with
Use Radius shows the successful result and the illustration Failed Attempt to Create Swept Wall with Use
Radius shows an unsuccessful result.
Swept Wall with Use Radius
Line of intersectionbetween sketchingplane and attachmentsurface is a straightli
axes of sketchingplane
lip created oncylinder end
Pro/SHEETMETAL 91
Failed Attempt to Create Swept Wall with Use Radius
Line of intersectionbetween sketching planeand attachment surfaceis an arc
axes of sketchingplane
Cannot create a swept wallbecause the line of intersectionis not a straight line
� If the swept wall has the No Radius option and the line of intersection between the sketching plane and the
attachment surface is not a straight line, then the section must be attached tangentially to the adjacent
surface at the attachment edge.
� If the swept wall has the Use Radius option, the system creates a fillet of the specified radius along the
attachment edge between the swept wall and the adjacent surface. It takes away some material from the
adjacent surface. If you do not want this to happen, create the swept wall with the No Radius option. Sketch
the section starting with an arc of the desired radius attached tangentially to the adjacent surface.
� If the swept wall has the No Radius option, the angle between the section at the attachment edge and the
attachment surface must not exceed 180°.
If you want to use an angle greater than 180°, you must first pick the opposite side of the sheet metal (white
instead of green or vice versa) as the attachment surface. See the illustrations in Swept Wall No Radius—
Section Angles.
Swept Wall No Radius—Section Angles
attachmentsurface
attachmentsurface
attachment surface
(b) notacceptable (c) acceptable(a) acceptable
� You cannot attach any other walls to a swept wall.
� You cannot create a bend on a swept wall.
� You can copy a swept wall with the commands Copy, New Refs. However, you cannot copy it with the
Mirror option.
Swept Wall Dialog BoxThe dialog box for a swept wall appears when you select the option Swept and the option No Radius or Use
Radius from the Options menu.
The dialog box lists the following elements:
� Radius Type (see comment)—Inside Radius or Outside Radius. Required only if Use Radius is selected.
� Trajectory (required)—The edge of an existing wall to which the new wall is attached. The edge must be a
tangent chain and it forms the trajectory along which the new wall is swept.
� Sketch (required)—Sketched sweep cross section. It is attached to the startpoint of the trajectory edge.
� Relief (see comment)—The type of relief to be used. Required only if Use Radius is selected.
� Radius (see comment)—Bend radius. Required only if Use Radius is selected.
Pro/SHEETMETAL92
Chain MenuAfter you select the Trajectory element and select the edge(s), use the Chain menu to specify the following:
� One By One—Select individual edges, one at a time. You can select the edges in any order.
� Tangnt Chain —Define a chain by selecting an edge, and include all the edges tangent to this edge.
� Select—Select/add a chain, using one of the above methods.
� Unselect—Remove an edge from the current selection for a chain. For Tangnt Chain, use the Confirmation
menu to confirm or cancel the Unselect command. For One by One, select the individual edges to remove
from the chain.
� Trim/Extend—Trim or extend the chain ends.
� Start Point—Specify the startpoint of the trajectory edge. If you select it, the Choose menu appears and you
can flip between the two ends of the trajectory edge.
To Create a Swept Wall1. Click Feature > Create. The SHEETMETAL menu appears.
2. Click Wall. The Options menu appears.
3. Choose wall option Swept, then the option No Radius or Use Radius from the OPTIONS menu. Choose
Done. The WALL Options: Swept dialog box appears.
4. If you chose the Use Radius option in Step 2, the RADIUS SIDE menu appears. Choose Inside Rad or
Outside Rad, then Done/Return.
5. Choose the Trajectory element, then the Define button. Choose the existing edge to which the new wall is
attached. It must be a tangent chain. As you select the edge (or edges), they highlight in blue. The CHAIN
menu appears. When you have finished, choose Done from the CHAIN menu.
6. The DIRECTION menu also appears. A red arrow appears growing out from the startpoint of the trajectory
edge. It represents the upward direction of the horizontal plane for the sweep cross section. Choose Flip to
reverse the direction. Choose Okay to accept it.
7. Choose the Sketch element, then the Define button. Sketch the sweep cross section. It must be attached to
the startpoint of the trajectory edge. When the sketch has successfully regenerated, choose Done.
8. If you chose the Use Radius option in Step 2, the RELIEF menu appears. Choose one of the relief options,
then Done.
9. If you chose the Use Radius option in Step 2, the SEL RADIUS menu appears. Choose or enter the bend
radius.
10. The feature is now fully defined. Choose OK from the dialog box. The system creates the swept wall.
Choose MenuUse the Choose menu to do the following to accept or change the end that you want to trim or extend.
� Accept—Accept the highlighted end.
� Next—Select the other end.
� Quit—Return to the previous menu.
Trim/Extend MenuUse the Trim/Extend menu after you have selected the end you want to trim or extend to do the following:
� Enter Length—Enter trim length in response to the prompt. A positive number extends the trajectory edge,
while a negative number trims it.
� Drag—Drag the mouse to adjust the chain end. As you move the mouse, the selected end of the chain
moves with it, along the trajectory edge (if you are trimming) or tangentially to it (if you are extending).
Press the left mouse button when you are near the desired position. The system prompts you to enter the
exact amount of extension/trim (the default is the measured length of the amount you dragged the chain
end).
Pro/SHEETMETAL 93
� Trim At—Trim the trajectory edge at a specified feature. The Trim At menu appears with the following
options:
� Point—Trim at a datum point, vertex or curve end.
� Curve—Trim at a datum curve.
� Surface—Trim at a surface.
� Quit—Quit this menu.
To Trim or Extend the Chain Edge1. Select Trim/Extend from the CHAIN menu. One end of the chain highlights and the CHOOSE menu
appears. Select the end you wish to trim, then choose Accept.
2. The TRIM/EXTEND menu appears. Choose one of the options.
About Extended WallsThe Extend Wall feature enables you to model various overlap conditions, mainly at corners. The illustration
Typical Sheet Metal Corner, with Various Degrees of Overlap shows a typical corner, where three flat walls
meet.
Typical Sheet Metal Corner, with Various Degrees of Overlap
(a) Corner as first formed - no extensions
(b) Corner - after extensions added to tangent inside edges
(c) Corner - after left side extended to tangent insideedge and right side extended to tangent outside edge
An Extend Wall feature extends out from a straight edge of an existing planar surface. It can either extend for a
specified length or (more likely) extend up to a specified plane (which can be either a datum plane or another
planar surface).
Extend Wall Dialog BoxThe dialog box for an extended wall appears when you select the option Extend from the Options menu.
The dialog box lists the following elements:
� Edge (required)—The edge of the existing wall from which the extend wall is to grow.
� Distance (required)—The distance that the extend wall is to grow.
Pro/SHEETMETAL94
Ext Dist MenuUse the Ext Dist menu after you define the Edge element, to do the following:
� Up to Plane (default)—Extend the wall up to a plane. The Setup Plane menu appears. Choose one of the
following options:
� Plane (default)—Select an existing plane or flat surface.
� Make Datum—Create a new datum plane on the fly.
� Use Value—Extend the wall a specified distance. The Enter Val menu appears. You can choose Enter to
either enter a value from the keyboard, or select from two fixed values, which represent, respectively, 1x
Sheet Metal Thickness and 2x Sheet Metal Thickness.
To Create an Extended Wall1. Click Feature > Create. The SHEETMETAL menu appears.
2. Click Wall > Extend > Done. The WALL Options: Extend dialog box appears.
3. Choose Extend from the OPTIONS menu and then Done.
4. Choose the Edge element, then the Define button. Pick an edge on an existing plane wall. The EXT DIST
menu appears.
5. Choose an option from the EXT DIST menu.
6. The feature is now fully defined. Choose OK from the dialog box. The system creates the Extend feature.
About TwistsA twist is a special wall that can be used to change the plane of a sheet metal part. Typically, it serves as a
transition between two areas of sheet metal and the twist angle is relatively small. (see the illustration Typical
Twist).
Typical Twist
wall
wall
twist
It is attached to a straight edge (the attach edge) on an existing plane wall. It can be rectangular or trapezoidal. It
has an axis (the twist axis) running through its center, perpendicular to the attach edge and it can be twisted
around that axis by a specified angle.
When creating a twist wall, consider the following:
� You can only add a flat or extruded wall at the end of a twist if the wall was created with no radius and
tangent to the twist.
� You can unbend a twist using the Unbend, Regular menu options.
Twist Dialog BoxThe dialog box for a twist appears when you select the option Twist from the Options menu.
The dialog box lists the following elements:
� Attach Edge (required)—A straight edge on an existing plane sheet metal wall, where the new twist wall is
to be attached.
� Twist Axis (required)—The centerline of the twist extension. It is perpendicular to the start edge and
Pro/SHEETMETAL 95
coplanar with the existing wall.
� Start Width (required)—The width of the new wall at its Start (attaching) Edge. It can be different from the
width of the Attach Edge.
� End Width (required)—The width of the new wall’s End Edge. It can be different from the Start Width.
� Twist Length (required)—The length of the new wall in the twisted state. It is the distance between the
Attach Edge and the End Edge, along the Twist Axis.
� Twist Angle (required)—The angle through which the new wall is twisted. It is the angle between the Start
Edge and the End Edge, in the plane normal to the Twist Axis.
� Devel Length (required)—The length that the new wall would have if it was twisted, then untwisted. Bend
tables and Y-factor are not used here, since the data on developed length for twists is largely empirical.
Twist Axis Pnt MenuUse the Twist Axis Pnt menu after you have selected the edge on an existing plane sheet metal wall to do the
following:
� Select Point—Pick an existing datum point on the Attach Edge.
� Create Point—Create a datum point, dynamically, on the Attach Edge, then use it.
� Use Middle—Use the midpoint of the Attach Edge.
To Create a Twist1. Click Feature > Create. The SHEETMETAL menu appears.
2. Click Wall > Twist > Done. The TWIST dialog box appears.
3. Choose the Attach Edge element, then the Define button. EdgePick an edge on an existing plane sheet
metal wall. The TWIST AXIS PNT menu appears. Choose one of the options.
4. Enter a value for the Start Width element.
5. Enter a value for the End Width element.
6. Enter a value for the Length element.
7. Enter a value for the Twist Angle element.
8. Enter a value for the Develop Length element.
9. The feature is now fully defined. Choose OK from the dialog box. The system creates the Twist.
About Merged WallsA merged wall consists of at least two unattached walls that have been integrated into one part.
Merged Wall Dialog BoxThe dialog box for a merged wall appears when you select the option Merge from the Options menu.
The dialog box lists the following elements:
� Basic Refs (required)—The surfaces of the base wall.
� Merge Geoms (required)—The surfaces of unattached walls which are to be merged with the base wall.
� Merge Edges (optional)—Add or remove edges which are deleted by the merge.
� Keep Lines (optional)—Control the visibility of merged edges on surface joints.
To Create a Merged Wall1. Click Feature > Create. The SHEETMETAL menu appears.
2. Click Wall > Merge > Done. The WALL Options: Merge dialog box appears.
3. Select the surfaces on the base wall to which the unattached walls are to be merged. The system confirms
each selection.
4. Select the surfaces on the unattached walls which are to merge with the base wall. The system confirms
Pro/SHEETMETAL96
each selection.
Note: Only unattached walls can merge with the base wall.
5. Choose OK from the Wall Options dialog box. The unattached walls merge with the base wall.
Example: Stretch and No ReliefThe following illustration show the examples of stretch and no relief for walls and bends.
Stretch and No Relief
A
B
V
A. No Relief
B. Stretch Relief
Example: Rectangular and Obround ReliefDimensionsThe following illustrations show the dimension requirements for rectangular and obround reliefs for bends.
Rectangular and Obround Reliefs – Up to Bend
C
B
AD
A. Rectangular Relief - Up to Bend
B. Obround Relief – Up to Bend
C. Width
D. Depth
Pro/SHEETMETAL 97
Obround Reliefs – Tan to Bend
A
B
C
A. Obround Relief – Tan to Bend
B. Width
C. Depth
Rectangular Reliefs – Enter Value
C
A
B
A. Rectangular Relief
B. Depth
C. Width
Example: Rectangular and Obround ReliefThe following illustration show examples of rectangular and obround reliefs in walls and bends.
Rectangular and Obround Reliefs
Pro/SHEETMETAL98
Example: Rip ReliefThe following illustration shows an example of a rip relief in walls and bends.
To Convert Sharps to BendsSharp corners sketched by you on extruding walls can be automatically converted into bends. Dimensions
displayed on all corners can be modified. Use Radius or No Radius determines the connection to the existing
geometry.
1. Create an extruded wall with sharp corners.
2. Click the SharpsToBend element in the FIRST WALL: Extrude dialog box, then Define. The AUTO
BENDS menu appears.
3. Click Yes. The SEL RADIUS menu appears.
4. Choose the radius value.
5. Click Preview to review the feature or OK to accept the changes.
Note – To predefine sharps to bends on extruding walls, change the sheet metal parameter value for
SMT_SHARPS_TO_BEND to Yes.
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Index
A
Add ........................................................ 33, 34BEND PIECES......................................... 34RIP CONNECT ........................................ 33RIP PIECES............................................. 33
Add Model ................................................... 49DWG MODELS ........................................ 49
Add View ..................................................... 49VIEWS ..................................................... 49
Advanced..................................................... 81SURF FORM............................................ 81
Align Offset .................................................. 51PLACE ..................................................... 52
Alternate ...................................................... 46SEL REF .................................................. 46
Angle ........................................................... 15Apply............................................................ 74
SET BTAB................................................ 74Attach Edge ................................................. 45
TWIST...................................................... 94Automatic relief ............................................ 83
B
Bend ............................................................ 15conversion................................................ 34edge ................................................... 23, 24regular
rolled..................................................... 20relief ......................................................... 85with transitions ......................................... 21
Bend allowance ........................................... 69Bend Back ............................................. 29, 30
good practice............................................ 60Bend ID notes.............................................. 51Bend Order .................................................. 80
SMT SETUP............................................. 79Bend order table .......................................... 79
add to drawing.......................................... 51Bend Table ............................................ 35, 74
BEND ALLOW.......................................... 74BEND PIECES......................................... 35
Bend tables.................................................. 69Bends .......................................................... 34
SMT CONVERSION ................................ 34Blank............................................................ 46
DISP OPTION.......................................... 46Blend ........................................................... 81
SURF FORM............................................ 81Both ............................................................. 45
SYMMETRY..............................................45Bound Surf....................................................43
Regular Rip ...............................................43Breakpoint ....................................................31
Conversion................................................31
C
Center...........................................................50ARC PNT TYPE........................................50
Clear .......................................................68, 81BEND ORDER ..........................................81FIXED GEOM ...........................................68
Conversion .......................................31, 33, 35bends ..................................................34, 35breakpoint .................................................31point relief .................................................31rip connect ................................................33SHEET METAL .........................................31
Copy .............................................................51OPTIONS..................................................51
Corner Relief ................................................56Corner Type..................................................33
RIP PIECES..............................................33Create.........................................32, 50, 66, 73
DEF BTAB ................................................73DETAIL .....................................................50FLAT STAT ...............................................66PNT RELIEFS...........................................32
Create New...................................................47SECTION PLACE .....................................47
Create Point..................................................94TWIST AXIS PNT .....................................94
Cut ................................................................41depth .........................................................41drive side...................................................42material side..............................................41section.......................................................41sheetmetal class .......................................40solid class .................................................41thickness ...................................................41type ...........................................................42
Cut feature....................................................42
D
Default Rad...................................................68SMT SETUP .............................................68
Define ...........................................................73BEND TAB ................................................73
Depth ............................................................41CUT...........................................................41
Pro/SHEETMETAL100
Detail ........................................................... 50DRAWING................................................ 50
Developed length......................................... 95TWIST...................................................... 94
Die ............................................................... 55OPTIONS................................................. 55
Dim Display ................................................. 47Punch....................................................... 47
Dimension.............................................. 50, 51DETAIL ITEM........................................... 50
Done Sets.................................................... 33RIP CONNECT ........................................ 33
Drag And Drop............................................. 47SECTION PLACE .................................... 48
Driving Srf .................................................... 30Dwg Models................................................. 49
VIEWS ..................................................... 49
E
Edge Bend................................................... 24SHEET METAL ........................................ 24
Edge bends ................................................. 23Edge Rip.......................................... 33, 36, 44
Conversion............................................... 33SHEET METAL ........................................ 44
Edge Rip-Open Corner (with Relief) ............ 36Edge Treat ................................................... 58
FLATTEN ................................................. 58Edges .......................................................... 57
stamped ................................................... 57End Width .................................................... 95
TWIST...................................................... 94Enter Value.................................................. 68
SEL RADIUS............................................ 68Extend ......................................................... 93Extrude ........................................................ 81
SURF FORM............................................ 81Extruded ................................................ 87, 88Extruded wall ............................................... 83
F
Feat Bend Tbl .............................................. 69Feature .................................15, 64, 65, 82, 94
bend ......................................................... 15cut ............................................................ 82flat pattern ................................................ 64flat protrusion ........................................... 65twist .......................................................... 94
First End ...................................................... 33RIP CONNECT ........................................ 33
Fix Vol Dim .................................................. 58FLATTEN EDGE...................................... 58
Fixed Geom ................................................. 68SMT SETUP............................................. 68
Flat......................................................... 83, 84
SURF FORM.............................................81Flat pattern
feature.......................................................64layout ........................................................64
Flat Pattern ...................................................65Flat Protrusion ..............................................65
resuming ...................................................67Flat State ......................................................66
familyupdating.................................................67
Flat Walls......................................................86Flatten All......................................................58
FLATTEN EDGE.......................................58Flatten Form .................................................58
SHEET METAL .........................................58Flatten Sel ....................................................58
FLATTEN EDGE.......................................58Flip................................................................33
CORNER DEF ..........................................33Follow Surf....................................................15Form .............................................................58
FLATTEN..................................................58SHEET METAL .........................................54
From Table ...................................................68SEL RADIUS.............................................68
Fully Flattened ..............................................66Fully Formed.................................................66
G
Geom Tools ..................................................88Green............................................................42
DRIVE SIDE..............................................42Green Side ...................................................15
H
Horizontal .....................................................50DIM ORIENT.............................................50
I
Info..........................................................46, 80BEND ORDER ..........................................80GRP PLACE .............................................46
Inside Rad ....................................................15Intersect........................................................50
ATTACH TYPE .........................................50
L
Length Ratio .................................................32PNT DIM MODE .......................................32
M
MaterialSide..................................................41CUT...........................................................41
Metamorph ...................................................36Midpoint ........................................................50
Pro/SHEETMETAL 101
ATTACH TYPE ........................................ 50Modify .............................................. 58, 67, 74
FLATTEN EDGE...................................... 58K-Factor ................................................... 74Y-Factor ................................................... 68
N
No Radius.................................................... 83No Relief ...................................................... 15None ............................................................ 45
SYMMETRY............................................. 45Normal ......................................................... 50
DIM ORIENT............................................ 50DISP OPTION.......................................... 46
Notch ........................................................... 47Note ............................................................. 51
DETAIL ITEM........................................... 51
O
Offset ........................................................... 32PNT DIM MODE....................................... 32
On Entity...................................................... 50ATTACH TYPE ........................................ 50
Open............................................................ 33CORNER DEF ......................................... 33
Outside Rad................................................. 15Overlap ........................................................ 33
CORNER DEF ......................................... 33
P
Parallel......................................................... 50DIM ORIENT............................................ 50
Part Bend Tbl............................................... 69Partial ........................................ 83, 84, 89, 90PICK PIECE .......................................... 33, 36
PIECE SEL............................................... 33PIECE # 1.............................................. 33, 36
PIECE SEL......................................... 33, 36PIECE # 2.............................................. 33, 36
PIECE SEL......................................... 33, 36Planar .......................................................... 18Point Relief .................................................. 32
Conversion............................................... 31Punch .......................................................... 55
OPTIONS................................................. 54Punch axis points......................................... 48
R
Radius ......................................................... 35BEND PIECES......................................... 35
Radius Type ................................................ 35BEND PIECES......................................... 35
Read Only.................................................... 46DISP OPTION.......................................... 46
Redefine .......................................... 33, 34, 46
BEND PIECES..........................................34GRP PLACE .............................................46RIP PIECES..............................................33
Reference ...............................................51, 52OPTIONS..................................................51
References ...................................................47Punch........................................................47
Regular .........................................................15FOLLOW OPT ..........................................15
Regular rip ....................................................42Regular rolled bend ......................................20Relief ......................................................56, 85
automatic ..................................................85corner........................................................56
Remove ............................................33, 34, 74RIP CONNECT .........................................33RIP PIECES..............................................33SET BTAB.................................................74
Remove All ...................................................33RIP CONNECT .........................................33
Resuming features .......................................67flat protrusion ............................................67unbend ......................................................67
Revolve.........................................................81SURF FORM.............................................81
Rip ..........................................................42, 43regular.......................................................42
bound surf .............................................43sketch ....................................................43
Rip Connect..................................................33CONVERSION..........................................33SMT CONVERSION .................................34
Rip feature ....................................................42Rip Relief ......................................................15Roll ...............................................................15
S
Same ............................................................46SEL REF ...................................................46
Same Dims ...................................................46SCALE ......................................................46
Scale.............................................................47Punch........................................................47
SEC TOOLS MENU .....................................88Second End ..................................................33
RIP CONNECT .........................................33Section..........................................................41
CUT...........................................................41Select............................................................68
FIXED GEOM ...........................................68Select Curve .................................................28
XSECCURVE............................................28Select Piece..................................................25
BEND PIECES..........................................35RIP PIECES..............................................33
Select Point ..................................................94
Pro/SHEETMETAL102
TWIST AXIS PNT..................................... 94Set ............................................................... 74
BEND TAB ............................................... 74Set Dwg Size ............................................... 49
GET FORMAT.......................................... 49Sheet Metal Information............................... 62Sheet Metal Parameter Table...................... 76Sheetmetal .................................................. 40Shell............................................................. 30Show............................................................ 79
DETAIL .................................................... 51FIXED GEOM........................................... 68FLAT STAT .............................................. 66
Show All....................................................... 51SHOW ITEM ............................................ 51
Show Result ................................................ 46GRP PLACE............................................. 46
Sketch.......................................................... 42Regular Rip .............................................. 42
Sketch Curve ............................................... 28XSECCURVE........................................... 28
Skip.............................................................. 46SEL REF .................................................. 46
Slanted ........................................................ 50DIM ORIENT............................................ 50
SMT CONVERSION dialog box................... 31Solid............................................................. 41
SOLID OPTS............................................ 41Stamped edges............................................ 57Start Width................................................... 95
TWIST...................................................... 94Strtch Relief ................................................. 15Surface ........................................................ 43
Surface Rip .............................................. 43Swept........................................................... 92
OPTIONS................................................. 92
T
Tangent ....................................................... 50ARC PNT TYPE....................................... 50
Thicken ........................................................ 88Thickness .............................................. 41, 68
CUT.......................................................... 41SEL RADIUS............................................ 68
Thin.............................................................. 41SOLID OPTS............................................ 41
Twist ............................................................ 95Twist Angle .................................................. 95
TWIST...................................................... 94
Twist Axis .....................................................95TWIST.......................................................94
Twist Length .................................................95TWIST.................................................94, 95
U
Unbend .........................................................25good practice ............................................60metamorph................................................36resuming ...................................................67
Unbend All ....................................................25UnbendSelect ...............................................25Updating Flat State family ............................67Use Middle....................................................94
TWIST AXIS PNT .....................................94Use Radius .............................................83, 84User Scale ....................................................46
SCALE ......................................................46
V
Vertical..........................................................50DIM ORIENT.............................................50
Views............................................................50DRAWING.................................................49
W
Wall...............................................................82extruded ....................................................87flat .............................................................86partial ..................................................88, 89relief ..........................................................83unattached ..........................................83, 84
White ............................................................42DRIVE SIDE..............................................42
White Side ....................................................15
X
X Axis ...........................................................45SYMMETRY..............................................45
X Factor ........................................................74
Y
Y Axis ...........................................................45SYMMETRY..............................................45
Y Factor ..................................................67, 74BEND ALLOW ..........................................67