signe cold ravnkilde ppt
TRANSCRIPT
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Between a Rock and a Hard Place - Decentralisation and Struggle over Water
Resources in Mali
Signe Marie Cold-Ravnkilde, PhD. Candidate, Roskilde University of and
Danish Institute for International Studies, DIIS
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Introduction
• Conflict over water resources and decentralisation in Mali
• Water scarcity
• 2 events • Competition over access
• Competition over control
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Decentralisation in Mali
• Transfer of competences to municipalities
• Local participation in natural resource management
• Success story?
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Lake Lake AgoufouAgoufou
• Between Gossi Between Gossi and Hombori and Hombori municipalities municipalities
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Geography - FactsGeography - Facts
• Permanent in 1991Permanent in 1991
• Before temporary Before temporary pond pond
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Demography – Facts
• 3 ethnic groups
• Songhai • sedentary cultivators
• Tuareg • semi-nomadic camel
herders
• Fulbe • semi-nomadic
herders and cultivators
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Seasonal Seasonal mobilitymobility
• Seasonal mobility Seasonal mobility
• wetlands and wetlands and drylands drylands InterdependenceInterdependence
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Stakeholders and Interests
• Stakeholders
Permanent Inhabitants
• Interests
Domestic and productive purposes
Temporary inhabitants Access to water and pastures
Customary chiefs Control over land and rules
NGO Liptako Gourma Planting of Bourgou
Municipalities Revenue and power
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• Migrant Fulbe• Transgression of
Bourgou • Network of power
• Chiefs, NGO Liptako Gourma, municipalities
Event 1
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• Conflict over Access
• Contested ownership
• Creation and Marginalisation of “outsiders”?
• Decentralisation and exclusion
Event 1
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Event 2
• Information signposts Information signposts • Border regions Border regions
administrative borders administrative borders • ProtestsProtests• Different claim Different claim
makingmaking
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Event 2
• Conflict over control
• Resurrection of historical conflictsResurrection of historical conflicts
• Making of history to fix the presentMaking of history to fix the present
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Issues for Further Discussion
• Struggles over modes of belonging
• Inclusion and exclusion
• Identity formation
• Realism
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Thank you for your attention