Sleep Disorders 101Sleep Disorders 101

By: Katherina BedonBy: Katherina Bedon

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Understanding SleepUnderstanding Sleep

While we sleep our bodies are inactive while our While we sleep our bodies are inactive while our brain is very much activebrain is very much active

Without sleep you may not function mentally and Without sleep you may not function mentally and physically be in capable of going about tasks physically be in capable of going about tasks throughout the daythroughout the day

The Five Phases of SleepThe Five Phases of Sleep

1- Drowsiness1- Drowsiness 2- Light Sleep2- Light Sleep 3- Deep Sleep3- Deep Sleep 4- Slow-Wave 4- Slow-Wave

Deep SleepDeep Sleep 5- Rapid Eye 5- Rapid Eye

Movement (REM)Movement (REM)

Phase DescriptionsPhase Descriptions

Phase 1Phase 1 - drift in and out of sleep; can be easily - drift in and out of sleep; can be easily woken up; muscle activity is slow and slow eye woken up; muscle activity is slow and slow eye movementsmovements

Phase 2Phase 2 - - Brian waves slow down eye movement Brian waves slow down eye movement stopsstops

Phase 3 &4Phase 3 &4 - Slow brain waves, and there is no eye - Slow brain waves, and there is no eye or muscle movement; hard to wakeor muscle movement; hard to wake

Phase 5-Phase 5- REM- eyes move in all directions; REM- eyes move in all directions; breathing is rapid and irregular; heart rate breathing is rapid and irregular; heart rate increases; blood pressure risesincreases; blood pressure rises

NarcolepsyNarcolepsy

DefinitionDefinition: Neurological : Neurological disorder characterized by disorder characterized by excessive sleepiness excessive sleepiness associated with cataplexy associated with cataplexy

Symptoms:Symptoms: Low concentrationLow concentration Sleep paralysis (upon walking)Sleep paralysis (upon walking) Forgotten behaviorsForgotten behaviors Pre sleep dreamsPre sleep dreams

Restless Leg SyndromeRestless Leg Syndrome

DefinitionDefinition: a disorder in which : a disorder in which you have abnormal, irresistible you have abnormal, irresistible sensations to move your legssensations to move your legs

SymptomsSymptoms:: Excessive day time sleepExcessive day time sleep Restless sleepRestless sleep Non refreshing sleepNon refreshing sleep Aches and pains in the legsAches and pains in the legs

InsomniaInsomnia

DefinitionDefinition: a symptom in which it is difficult to : a symptom in which it is difficult to maintain or initiate sleepmaintain or initiate sleep

Causes are related to:Causes are related to: Substance abuseSubstance abuse Worry, anxiety, or stressWorry, anxiety, or stress Medical problemsMedical problems

Obstructive Sleep ApneaObstructive Sleep Apnea

Definition:Definition: the repetitive the repetitive blockage of oxygen into blockage of oxygen into the body through the the body through the mouth; due to large mouth; due to large tonsils, tongue or tonsils, tongue or muscles that collapse muscles that collapse when sleepingwhen sleeping

Symptoms:Symptoms: Pauses in breathing Pauses in breathing

during sleep during sleep Loud snoringLoud snoring Irritability/Personality Irritability/Personality

changes changes Morning headaches Morning headaches

ReferencesReferences

Stanford University- Sleeping disorder informationStanford University- Sleeping disorder information

Medem: Connecting Physicians and Doctors; Medical Library Medem: Connecting Physicians and Doctors; Medical Library

MedlinePlus: The Patient Education InstituteMedlinePlus: The Patient Education Institute

Sleep Medicine Associates of Texas Sleep Medicine Associates of Texas