smartcoil –shielded core reactor for current limitation on ... · 2 kit project profile a....

KIT – The Research University in the Helmholtz Association

1 Karlsruhe Institute for Technology KIT, Institute for Technical Physics, 2 Siemens AG CT Erlangen, 3 University of Applied Science Mannheim

www.kit.edu

SmartCoil –Shielded Core Reactor for Current Limitation on the Distribution Level A.  Kudymow1, C. Schacherer2, A. Bauer2, H.P. Krämer2, S. Elschner1,3, J. Brand1, S. Strauss1, V. Zermeno1, W. Goldacker1 18.09.2017, EUCAS 2017

KIT 2

Project profile

A. Kudymow et al. SmartCoil –Shielded Core Reactor for Current Limitation on the Distribution Level EUCAS 2017, Geneve, 1LO1-03

  Project period: 09/2014 – 02/2018 Funding: German Government, Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy (Grant 03ET7525A)

  Project partners:   Karlsruhe Institute for Technology (KIT)   Siemens AG

Profile

  Design, construction und presentation of a novel nonlinear reactor coil for the fault current limiting (10 kV / 600 A single-phase)

  The concept uses a stack of superconducting shielding rings to reduce the impedance of the reacor during normal operation

Short description

KIT 3

Project concept and specification


Specification of SmartCoil (single-phase)

Protected power SSFCL 3,46 MVA

Voltage USFCL (10 kV / √3) 5,774 kV

Rated current ID 600 A

Frequency fn 50 Hz

Fault limiting time Tlim ≤100 ms

Impedance of reactor coil 6%

Impedance ratio between the limiting- and the nominal operation

≥ 4

GFRP-Cryostat

Magnetic flux during normal operation with shielding

LN2

Stack of HTS rings Primary reactor coil

RSR Xσ1

Xh R‘SC

X‘σ2

Gap must be narrow to decrease the stray impedance Xσ1, X‘σ2

KIT 4

Basic component parts of SmartCoil


GFRP cryostat

Reactor coil (inductor)

displacement body

assembly and transport platform

Superconducting inset: 40 modules each with two HTS-rings

Gap must be narrow to decrease the stray impedance Xσ1, X‘σ2

KIT 5

top bottom

Simulation of AC-losses in HTS nominal operation


0.1

1

10

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

ACloss[W

]

Tapenumber

AClossineachHTStape

480A(SP)

500A(SP)

530A(SP)

540A(SP)

Contribution of the individual HTS-rings to the AC-losses

Simulation of magnetic Field strength

AC

loss

(W)

Position of HTS-tape

The losses in the top&bottom rings are to reduce

KIT 6

Simulated AC-losses in HTS rings nominal operation


51.5 51.3 54.5 54.3

66.5 66.277.0 76.622.3

9.0

22.9

9.0

25.5

9.0

27.2

9.0

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

540A(SP) 540A(SP)+768ASunam




ACloss[W

]AClossinwholeHTScoil

Topandbottom(2tapes)

Central(78tapes)

540A all

768 A

540 A 768 A

530 A 768 A

500 A

768 A

480 A

top&bottom tapes (2)

other tapes(78)

AC

loss

(W

) Contribution of the top&bottom rings to the AC-losses

HTS with the higher critical current will be used in the top&bottom rings

KIT 7

Set-up for component test

  DC-test   Measurement of critical current IC

  Measurement of contact resistance Rjoint

Conform to specification? Any degradation in test?

  AC-test Quench of HTS

  Imitation of the fault conditions   Thermal cycles


inductor

HTS-joint V

HTS-module

pick-up coil

Rogowski coil

Hall-probe

contactless measurement on HTS-ring

KIT 8

Set-up for component test: DC/AC


Hall probe on the HTS module

Rogowski coils for each tape upper HTS-ring lower HTS-ring

Inductor coil

HTS-joint V

HTS-module

V Rogowski coil

Hall-probe

pick-up coil

KIT 9

DC-testing of HTS-module (1 HTS ring)   Determination of IC using the inductor and pick-up coils


measure: Bhall: central magnetic field Iprim: primary current Upickup: pickup voltage

inductor

HTS-joint V

HTS-module

pick-up coil

Rogowski coil

Hall-probe

V

KIT 10

DC-testing of HTS-module (1 HTS ring)   Determination of IC using the inductor and pick-up coils


inductor

HTS-joint V

HTS-module

pick-up coil

Rogowski coil

Hall-probe

plot: Upickup (Isec), IC @ 1 µV/cm: ~550 A

calculate: Bprim = 17.56e-6 T/A * Iprim

Bsec = Bhall - Bprim

Isec = 0.9807e6 A/T * Bsec

V

KIT 11

DC-testing of HTS-module (1 HTS ring)   Determination of Rjoint using the inductor and the Hall-probe


inductor

HTS-joint V

HTS-module

pick-up coil

Rogowski coil

Hall-probe

exponential decay of Uhall after Iprim is back to zero:

τ = 188 s, Rjoint = L / τ = 4.21 µH / 188 s = 22 nΩ

V

KIT 12

AC-testing of HTS-module

Quenching transients


current through inductor

current through 2 HTS-tapes

voltages on the pick-up coils

inductor

HTS-joint V

HTS-module

pick-up coil

Rogowski coil

Hall-probe

V

KIT 13

AC-testing of modul

Quenching transients - zoom in, the time-axis expanded


current through inductor

current through 2 HTS-tapes

voltages on the pick-up coils

inductor

HTS-joint V

HTS-module

pick-up coil

Rogowski coil

Hall-probe

V

KIT 14

Summary & outlook


Completed work steps and achieved results   Design of the fault current limiter (single-phase 3,46 MVA)

Specification, choice and qualification of 2G HTS Simulations of 2G HTS to optimize the geometry and the losses Specification of the GFRP cryostat with particulary small wall thickness Developing of suitable contacting method for HTS rings (soldering)

  In-situ determination of critical current and contact resistance   26 (of 40 needed) HTS modules are manufactured and tested

  Next steps Delivery of the GFRP cryostat Production and tests of remaining HTS components

  Installation and performance tests of the entire system in the field   Determination of losses in rated operation mode   Demonstration of the limiting capacity

KIT 15

Many thanks to the project team and to the companies involved in SmartCoil


Project (core) team

Anne Bauer (Siemens) Jörg Brand (Ingenieurbuero Brand) Otto Batz (Siemens) Steffen Elschner (KIT, HS Mannheim) Michael Frank (Siemens) Wilfried Goldacker (KIT) Hans-Peter Krämer (Siemens) Andrej Kudymow (KIT) Oliver Näckel (KIT) Marijn Oomen (Siemens) Christian Schacherer (Siemens) Severin Strauss (KIT) Peter van Haßelt (Siemens) Johann Willms (Synergie) Viktor Zermeno (KIT)

Companies involved AMSC Fabrum Solutions ILK Dresden (GRP Cryostat) STI SuNAM SuperOx SuperPower THEVA Trench Austria

KIT 16

Add-on reactor coil


Specification of inductor

Rated current 600 A

Rated voltage (Leiter-Erde) 5.77 kV

Height of inductor 1170 mm

Inner diameter 1318 mm

Number of turns 45

Number of layers 1

Nominal impedance 1.95 mH (0.60 Ω)

Short-circuit voltage 6 % ( -> 1.2 % )

Operating temperature < 155 °C

smartcoil –shielded core reactor for current limitation on ... · 2 kit project profile a....

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