socialization and anddevelopment chapter 4. nature or nurture? nature inherited characteristics...
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SocializationSocialization
and and
DevelopmentDevelopment
Chapter 4Chapter 4
Nature or Nurture?Nature or Nurture?
NatureNature Inherited characteristics Inherited characteristics
NurtureNurture Socialization experiences Socialization experiences
Becoming a Person: Biology and Becoming a Person: Biology and CultureCulture
Every human being is born with a set of Every human being is born with a set of genes, inherited units of biological genes, inherited units of biological material. material.
Where do theseWhere do these
inherit traits inherit traits
come from?come from?
The Process of SocializationThe Process of Socialization
SocializationSocialization The process of social interaction that The process of social interaction that
teaches the child the intellectual, physical, teaches the child the intellectual, physical, and social skills needed to function as a and social skills needed to function as a member of societymember of society
What kinds of things do humans learn What kinds of things do humans learn through socialization? through socialization? Their cultureTheir culture Acquire a personalityAcquire a personality
Deprivation and DevelopmentDeprivation and Development
Human infants must:Human infants must: Develop social attachmentsDevelop social attachments learn to have meaningful interactions and learn to have meaningful interactions and
affectionate bonds with others. affectionate bonds with others. So what happens when we do develop So what happens when we do develop
social attachments and meaningful, social attachments and meaningful, affectionate bonds? affectionate bonds? http://www.youtube.com/user/Sixlets69#p/u/10/STn3bpTTU6chttp://www.youtube.com/user/Sixlets69#p/u/10/STn3bpTTU6c
How does the self develop?How does the self develop? When the individual becomes aware of his When the individual becomes aware of his
or her feelings, thoughts, and behaviors as or her feelings, thoughts, and behaviors as separate and distinct from those of other separate and distinct from those of other people. people.
Dimensions of Human Dimensions of Human DevelopmentDevelopment
Agents of SocializationAgents of Socialization
The FamilyThe Family Primary means of socialization in most Primary means of socialization in most
societiessocieties Varies according to geography, subculture, Varies according to geography, subculture,
class, religion, ethnicity and different lifestyles class, religion, ethnicity and different lifestyles of parentsof parents
How important are schools to the How important are schools to the process of socialization?process of socialization?
The SchoolThe School Early interaction with othersEarly interaction with others Building social and inter-personal skillsBuilding social and inter-personal skills Early experience in institutional environmentsEarly experience in institutional environments
Agents of SocializationAgents of Socialization
Agents of SocializationAgents of Socialization
Peer GroupsPeer Groups Great influence in lifestyle issuesGreat influence in lifestyle issues Social supportSocial support Social pressure to conformSocial pressure to conform
What is “acting white?”What is “acting white?”
Diverse SocietyDiverse Society
Do you think television, movies, and video Do you think television, movies, and video games affect individuals’ behavior or games affect individuals’ behavior or
ideology?ideology?
Can we blame T.V., movies and video Can we blame T.V., movies and video games for the effect?games for the effect?
Why or why not?Why or why not?
The Mass MediaThe Mass Media 98.2% of all households in the U.S. have 98.2% of all households in the U.S. have
television sets, with an average of 2 sets per television sets, with an average of 2 sets per home. home.
Schoolchildren watch an average 2 1/2 hours of Schoolchildren watch an average 2 1/2 hours of television on school days and 4 hours and 20 television on school days and 4 hours and 20 minutes on weekends. minutes on weekends.
By the time most people reach the age of 18, By the time most people reach the age of 18, they will have spent more waking time watching they will have spent more waking time watching television than doing anything else.television than doing anything else.