Solution Green Roofs / ‘Living Roofs’•Photosynthesis , improve air quality•Thermal insulation properties•Reduce rain water run-offTimber•Multi story timber constructions can be built •using laminated veneer lumber•Excellent elastic behaviour during seismic tests•More than 25tonnes of greenhouse gases can be savedCarbon Neutral Cement•MgO used as aggregate naturally absorbing CO2 •Using seawater also reduces carbon emissions

Problem •Inadequate Education•Lack of Secure Jobs•Poor Health and Health Care provisions•Exploitation of the environment by companies •Economic inefficiency, inhuman working conditions and environmental pollution. •Community conflict and violence

Solution• Think about what we use ,rather than what we create.• Introduce producer/consumer responsibility & facilitate repair/reuse

Transport

Energy Water & Wastewater Treatment

Materials

Waste Management

Buildings

Social Economics

Land UseProblemCurrently most energy is produced by burning non-renewable fossil fuels. This releases the majority of all greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.

Problem •Increased Scarcity of water•Untreated or inadequate waste water treatment•Unclean drinking water leading to diseases•Problems with traditional combined sewer systems•Sludge waste disposal following treatment•High requirement of water within agriculture:• Irrigation supplies.

Solution •Methods of guaranteeing a reliable and sustainable water supply. •Suitable modern treatment of waste water•Using natural treatments such as wetland treatment to make the process more natural. •Improved pipelines of water delivery reducing system leakages•Capturing energy throughout the whole system from hydroelectric methods, biogas and reuse of waste in industries. •Increase the use of salt tolerant crops and crops which are more resistant.

We need to reduce emissions in Atmosphere encourage healthier options for transport and use ‘greener’ transportation

Problem•Currently too much waste is put into landfills which are not sustainable.

•Concrete creates at least 5% of global CO2 emissions. •Steel and iron production accounts for 10% New building materials must be developed to mitigate environmental impact by adopting clean and energy efficient technologies.

Buildings designed for a limited period. this causes energy waste as it doesn’t use sustainable energy.

•Extending life of buildings•Use of long-life materials•Design buildings with recyclable & reusable Materials•Use renewable energy (solar, wind) in efficient way

Solution •Create a new indicator of national wealth•Legislate to create environmentally friendly policies•Internalise environmental costs into the market. •Enterprise Development and Job Creation•Company investment in socio economic projects. •Improve health care infrastructure•Create training programmes and job paths. •Increase education standards within communities.

Reasons to Increase ‘green land’•Higher standard of living•Stress relief , adapt to climate change•Encourage social interaction/activity•Brings visitors and residents together•More trees, less pollution & better air quality•Better health equals better work force•Indoor air quality is depending on outdoor •Provides habitat for birds and wildlife•Enables groundwater recharge•Helps to reduce high temp in summer•Helps wildlife adapt to climate change

ProblemNot enough ‘green’ infrastructure network. This makes places more attractive, healthier and economically competitive.

SUSTAINABLE CITIES

By: David Johnstone (0840078), Stephan Hulsburg (0791649), Chris Hutchens (0785565), Kolomvos Giannis 0937991, Colin Allan(0784262) , Katherine Leishman(0823661), Frazer Hutchison (0786879)

SustainableEngineering@Edinburg

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References.•www.sustainablecitiesinstitute.org•Dacombe, P. and Powrie, W. August 2006.Sustainable Waste Management•Graham Haughton and Colin Hunter. 1994. Sustainable Cities. Jessica Kingsley Publishers•W.Seabrooke and C.W.N Miles.Recreational land management, 2nd Edition•Buchanan A.H, Fragiacamo. M, Pampanin S, Smith T. ICE Construction Materials•Gleeson, B., Green R., Low, N., and Radovic, D. •2005. The Green City, sustainable homes

Solution

Problem

Problem

Problem : Transport systems are the main contributor of harmful gasses

Solution •Walking, ‘pedestrian precincts’•Cycling , ‘cycles paths’•Improve & increase public transport•Use of electric vehicles

Therefore, we need to reduce waste of buildings

•Encourage responsible stewardship of all resources by society, governments and individuals • Avoid substances and actions that harm the environment• Separate waste streams at source so that appropriate treatments may be applied to the different components• Decide where we want to be in ten years and start to create the infrastructure and facilities we need for that position now.

Solution•Clean renewable energy neededNo hazardous waste products produced in energy productionIdeally :

Wind, Tidal, Solar, Bio Gas, Hydroelectric

Solar panels or small wind turbines could be installed on all roofsProducing renewable energy keeps money in the city as no import of fuels or energy is required from elsewhere.Reducing the energy demand - more efficient energy usage, houses insulated, etc…Planting trees, lightening surface colours, natural ventilation systems, increase in water features, more green spaces, using natural occurring heat (ground source heat pump)