solved problems in electromagnetics by syed a nasar

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2008+Solved Problems in

Electromagnetics

Syed A. Nasar


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2008 + Solved Problems inELECTROMAGNETICS

Syed A. Nasar, Ph.D.

Raleigh, North Carolinawww.scitechpub.com


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SciTech Publishing, Inc.911 Paverstone Drive, Suite BRaleigh, NC 27615Phone: 919-847-2434 Fax: 919-847-2568www.scitechpub.com

Editor: Dudley R. KayProduction Director: Susan ManningProduction Assistant: Robert LawlessCover design by Kathy Gagne

Cover image courtesy of Greg Shirah of NASA,http://pwg.gsfc.nasa.gov/istp/outreach/images/Aurora/71300.jpg

Copyright 2008 by SciTech Publishing, Inc.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in anyform or by any means without prior written permission of the publisher.

First edition published as 2000 Solved Problems in Electromagneticscopyright 1992 by McGraw-Hill.

Printed in the United States of America.

ISBN: 1891121464ISBN 13: 9781891121463


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CONTENTS

Chapter 1

Chapter 2

Chapter 3

Chapter 4

Chapter 5

Chapter 6

Chapter 7

VECTOR ANALYSIS

Vectors and Scalars / Unit Vectors / Scalar Components and Vector Components / Vectorial Areas / Dot Product / Cross Product / Vector Fields and Scalar Fields / The Gradient Vector / Line Integrals / Divergence and the Divergence Theorem / Curl and Stokes Theorem / Potential Functions and Conservative Fields

ELECTROSTATICSCharge Distributions / Coulombs Law / The E-Field / SuperpositionPrinciple / Electric Flux and Gauss Law / Induced Charge / Voltage / ElectricDipoles / Dielectrics and Polarization / Permittivity / Conditions at an Interface / Potential Energy of a Charge Configuration / Equipotentials and Field Lines / Capacitance / Poissons and Laplaces Equations / Solutions by Separation of Variables / Method of Images

M AGNETO ST ATICSAmpres Force Law / Biot-Savart Law / Magnetic Induction / Magnetic Field Intensity / Ampres Circuital Law / Magnetic Flux / Magnetic Dipole Moments / Torque on a Current Loop / Magnetic Vector and ScalarPotentials / Conditions at an Interface / Bound Currents and Magnetization / TheLorentz Force / Magnetic Circuits / Mutual Inductance / Internal Inductance / Magnetostatic Force

MAXWELLS EQUATIONSFaradays Law of Induced EMF / Lenzs Law / Displacement Current / Point and Integral Forms of Maxwells Equations / Phasor Notation / The Poynting Vector and Radiated Power / Derivation of Wave Equations and Diffusion Equations / Special Solutions in Conductors; Definitions of Skin Depth and Internal Impedance

PLANE WAVESThe Helmholtz Equation and Its Plane Wave Solutions / Propagation Constant, Wavelength, Phase Velocity, Intrinsic Impedance / Time-Average Poynting Vector / The Loss Tangent / Approximations for the Propagation Constant and Intrinsic Impedance / Wave Polarization / Group Velocity and Dispersion / Reflection and Transmission at an Interface / Crank Diagram / Standing Waves / Perpendicular and Parallel Polarizations / Laws of Reflection and Refraction / Fresnel Equations / The Brewster Angle

TRANSMISSION LINESTEM Field Structure / The (Lossless) Transmission-Line Equations / Propagation Velocity and Characteristic Resistance / Voltage and Current Reflection / Steady-State Analysis / Complex Voltage Reflection Coefficient; Input Impedance; Electrical Length / Crank Diagram / VSWR / Electrically Short Lines / The (Lossy) Transmission-Line Equations / Propagation Constant and Characteristic Impedance / Per-Unit-Length-Parameters / Normalized Impedance and the Smith Chart

WAVEGUIDESLossless Rectangular Guides: the Wave Equation / TE and TM Solutions / Cutoff Frequencies / Field Lines / Dominant Mode / Average Power Flow / Lossy Guides:

Core and Wall Losses / Cylindrical Waveguides: Maxwells Equations / Bessel Function Solutions for TM and TE Modes / Dielectric-Slab Waveguides / Optical Fibers


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iv a CONTENTS

Chapter 8 CAVITY RESONATORS 307Field Equations for Rectangular Cavities / Resonant Frequencies / Energy Storage, Losses, and the Quality Factor / Coaxial Cavities / Equivalent-Circuit Parameters / Cylindrical Cavities / Spherical Cavities

The Hertzian Dipole / Properties of the Far Field / Power or Radiation Pattern / Radiation Resistance / The Magnetic Dipole / Finite (Lossless) Dipole Antennas / The Angle Factor / Input Impedance / Lossy Dipole Antennas / Radiative Efficiency / Antenna Arrays / Principle of Pattern Multiplication / Radiation Intensity, Directive Gain, and Directivity / Coupled Antennas: Equivalent Circuits and the Reciprocity Theorem / Effective Aperture of an Antenna / (Power) Gain / The Friis Transmission Equation / Effects of a Ground Plane / Beam Solid Angle / Effective Antenna Length / Diffraction Patterns / Polarization Loss Factor (PLF) / HPBW and BWFN / Hansen-Woodyard Criteria

Chapter 9 ANTENNAS 327

Chapter 10 REVIEW PROBLEMS 376

INDEX 437


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solved problems in electromagnetics by syed a nasar

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