Topic:Source of communication

Presented by:

Sohail Danish

12024119-120

Table of contents: Communication.

Definition of communication.

Flow of communication. Downward communication.

Upward communication.

Horizontal communication.

Source.

Encoding message.

Channel.

Decoding.

Feedback.

Barriers of communication.

What is Communication…?

Communication is the process whereby speech, signs or actions transmit information from one person to another. 

Communication involves transmitting information from one party to another.

communication to be successful, the sender and receiver must have some signs, words or signals in common with each other so the sent message can be understood.

Definition of communication:

Communication is a 2-way interaction between two parties to transmit information and mutual understanding between themselves

Flow of Communication:

Downward communication

Upward communication

Horizontal communication

Cont..

Downward communication : Downward communication flows from people at higher

levels to those at lower levels . 

Cont..

Upward communication: Upward communication travels from subordinates to

superiors.

Cont..

Horizontal communication: Crosswise communication includes the horizontal flow

of information, among people on the same or similar organizational levels, and the diagonal flow, among persons at different levels who have no direct reporting relationships.

Process of communication

(Source)

Sender’s message

Encoding

Channel

Decoding

Understanding by receiver

Response transmissi

on

Encoding

channelDecoding

Receiving

response

Communication:

Source

First element in the process is source of communication i.e from where the communication originates.

Source can be- a person or even a machine.

The source(sender) initiates the communication as he has some need, thought, idea or information, that he wishes to transmit to other person or machine.

Encoding Message

The next step in process is encoding the information that has to be transmitted.

Encoding of the thoughts produces a message which can be either verbal or non-verbal.

Verbal messages are in the form of words and language.

Non-verbal would be in the form of body gestures like smile, wave of hand etc..

Channel

The next element in the process of communication is the channel through which the communication is transmitted.

The channels could be-face to face conversation, written memos , reports , telephonic exchanges, meetings etc….

Other channels can be letters, magazines, tv shows, radio etc.

For communication to be effective the channel used should be appropriate.

Decoding

Decoding and understanding the message constitute the last two elements in the process of communication from sender to receiver.

The receiver first receives the message and decodes it ,interprets and translates it into thoughts, understanding and desired response.

A successful communication occurs when the receiver decodes the message and attaches the meaning to it which the sender wished to transmit.

Feedback

Response and feedback complete the two-way process of communication.

Only through feedback the sender comes to know whether the message has been received correctly or not.

Barriers to Communication

The basic aim of communication is transmission of meaning or understanding.

Yet , most of the communications fail to convey the meaning or develop an understanding of the communication .

The failure in communication arises because of certain blockages or barriers between sender and the receiver .

In order to make a communication effective, it must be ensured that these barriers are removed.

Barriers of effective communication

A)Semantic Barriers-

Most of the difficulties in communication arise because the same word or symbol means different things to different individuals.

Same words are interpret in different ways.

B) Psychological barriers-

The meaning of the message depends upon the emotional or psychological status of both the parties.

Cont..

C) Emotions –

How the receiver feels at the time of receipt of communication message will influence how he or she interprets it.

The same message received when you are angry is likely to be interpreted differently when you are in a neutral disposition.

D) Language

for communication language must be same.