Source to Sink in Taiwansome observations

Great strengthssediment yield large, discharge quick,

deposition rapidclimatically sensitive, valuable locationentire source to sink (3952 m high to 3600 m

deep)

diverse interdisciplinary research already completed

continued monitoringpossible to design state-of-the-art studies

Potential study areas for S2S studieseast coast to Okinawa Troughnorthwest coast to Taiwan Straitsouthwest coast to Kaoping Canyon

Observations completedPhysical – internal tides, regional circulation?Chemical – tracers of source waters and sediments

(nutrients, trace metals, minerology)radiochemistry of ocean waters

Biological – trap observationsGeological – sediment transport (surface, vertical,

BNL), chronology (<century scales, microfossil link), seismic stratigraphy

Ideas for future studiesAnalog for sea level low standsPaleoclimate recorded with high resolution

Kaoping Canyon Past and Future(?) Research

Terrestrial processesmountain weatheringlandslides, fluvial impactscontinue monitoring flows and turbidity

Typhoon eventseffectively predictable episodic events (4/y)instrument boundary layer of canyon

(hyperpycnal? fluid mud?)

Canyon headsurface waves, monsoon impactsliquefaction?, gravity flowsresuspension?, nepheloid layer

Open slopewhy high deposition and accumulation rates?gullied morphology?

Mysteries of canyonthalweg versus walls, ROV samplingdetailed swath mapping of entire systemultimate sink? Follow path to endmodern gravity flows throughout systemcontrols on morphology, meanders and ridges

Paleoclimate historyfate of organic carbonhistory of environmental processes

(Taiwan is very sensitive)record of ENSOmillennial history (14C, micropaleo) long cores