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CONNELLY/SPANISH 1 2011 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE Background: The Spanish language originated in Castilla. The official languages spoken in Spain are: castellano, catalan, gallego, and euskera. Lección Preliminar Buenos días. - Good morning. Buenas tardes. – Good afternoon. Buenas noches. – Good evening. Hasta luego. - See you later. Hasta mañana. - See you tomorrow. ¿Cómo estás? - How are you? ¿ Qué tal? – How is it going? ¿ Qué pasa? – What’s up? Te/Le presento a… - Let me introduce you to…. El gusto es mío. – The pleasure is mine. Encantado(a) – delighted Igualmente – same here Mucho gusto. – Nice to meet you. ¿Cuál es tu/su número de teléfono es… - My phone number is… El (la) maestro(a) – teacher El país- country De nada. – You’re welcome. ¿ Qué tiempo hace?- What is the weather like? Hace calor. – It is hot. Hace frío. – It is cold. 1 of 27

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Page 1: spanish 2011 final study guide christen connellyimmaculateheartacademy.org/Outside2/Languages/daly...  · Web viewThe National Museum of Anthropology in Mexico City contains Piedra

CONNELLY/SPANISH 1 2011 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE

Background:The Spanish language originated in Castilla. The official languages spoken in Spain are: castellano, catalan, gallego, and euskera.

Lección Preliminar

Buenos días. - Good morning.

Buenas tardes. – Good afternoon.

Buenas noches. – Good evening.

Hasta luego. - See you later.

Hasta mañana. - See you tomorrow.

¿Cómo estás? - How are you?

¿ Qué tal? – How is it going?

¿ Qué pasa? – What’s up?

Te/Le presento a… - Let me introduce you to….

El gusto es mío. – The pleasure is mine.

Encantado(a) – delighted

Igualmente – same here

Mucho gusto. – Nice to meet you.

¿Cuál es tu/su número de teléfono es… - My phone number is…

El (la) maestro(a) – teacher

El país- country

De nada. – You’re welcome.

¿ Qué tiempo hace?- What is the weather like?

Hace calor. – It is hot.

Hace frío. – It is cold.

Hace sol.- It is sunny.

Hace viento. – It is windy.

Llueve. – It is raining.

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CONNELLY/SPANISH 1 2011 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE

Nieva. – It is snowing.

¿ De dónde eres? – Where are you from?(familiar)

¿ De dónde es? – Where is he/she from?

Soy de… - I am from…

Es de… - He/She is from…

Abran los libros – Open your books

(en la página…) – to page

¿Comprendes? – Understand?

¿ Tienen preguntas? – Do you have questions?

¿ Verdad? – Right?

Escoge la palabra/la respuesta… - Choose the word/answer

Escribe – write

Escucha- listen

Explica- explain

¿Cómo se dice?- how do you say….?

¿Cómo se escribe?- how do you spell…?

Levanten la mano- raise your hand

Más despacio por favor- move slowly please

No sé- I don’t know

¿Qué quiere decir- what does…. mean?

Repitan por favor- repeat please

Saquen una hoja de papel- take out a piece of paper

Siéntense- sit down

Completa la conversacion- complete the conversation

Contesta las preguntas- answer the questions

Escoge la palabra/ la respuesta- choose the word/answer

Lee- read

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CONNELLY/SPANISH 1 2011 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE

Indica si es cierto or falso- indicate whether true or false

Pregúntale a otro (a) estudiante- ask another student

Trabaja con otro (a) estudiante - work with another student

Trabaja en un grupo de- work in a group of…

Alphabet:A- aB- beC- ceCh- cheD- deE- eF- efeG- geH- hacheI- iJ- jotaK- kaL- eleLl- elleM- emeN- eneÑ – eñeO- oP- peQ- cuR- ereS- eseT- teU- uV- uveW- doble uveX- equisY- i griegaZ- zeta

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CONNELLY/SPANISH 1 2011 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE

Unidad 1

La pizza- pizza

Las papas fritas- French fries

La fruta- fruit

El agua- water

El refresco- soft drink

Las galletas- cookies

Descansar- to relax/ to rest

Escribir correos electrónicos- to write e-mails

Leer un libro- to read a book

Hablar por teléfono- to talk on the phone

Escuchar música- to listen to music

Estudiar- to study

Montar en bicicleta- to ride a bike

Aquilar un DVD- rent a DVD

Correr- to run

Alquilar- to rent

Deportes- sports

La comida- food

Beber- to drink

Ser –to beSINGULAR PLURAL(yo) soy - I am (nosotros(as) )somos - we are(tú) eres – you are (vosotros(as) )sois – you are(usted, él, ella) es – you are, he / she is (ustedes, ellos (as) ) son – you are/they

are

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CONNELLY/SPANISH 1 2011 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE

Gustar -like- with an Infinitive A mi me A nosotros nosA ti te A vosotros osA él/ella/usted le A ellos/ellas/ustedes lesGusta - singularGustan- plural

*Use gusta (singular) when a verb followsEx:

A ella le gusta comer fruta.A nosotros nos gustan los dulces.

Jugar [u:ue] – to playJuego jugamosJuegas jugáisJuega juegan

Tener [e: ie] – to have Tengo tenemosTienes tenéisTiene tienen

*If you say you have to do something simply put que after the congregated verb of tener:

Yo tengo que hacer la tarea.I have to do my homework.

Hacer “g” – to make/doHago hacemosHaces hacéisHace hacen

Empezar [e:ie] – to beginEmpiezo empezamosEmpiezas empezáisEmpieza empiezan

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CONNELLY/SPANISH 1 2011 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE

Vivir- to liveVivo vivimosVives vivísVive viven

Artístico- artistic

Atlético- athletic

Bueno- good

Cómico- funny

Desorganizado- disorganized

Estudioso- studious

Inteligente- intelligent

Malo- bad

Organizado- organized

Perezoso- lazy

Serio serious

Simpático- nice

Trabajador- hard- working

Alto- tall

Bajo- short

Bonita- pretty

Grande- big; large

Guapo- good looking

Joven- young

Pelirrojo- red-haired

Pequeño- small

Mayor- old

Pelo rubio- blond hair

Pelo castaño- brown hair

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CONNELLY/SPANISH 1 2011 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE

El amigo- the friend

Chica- girl

Chico- boy

El estudiante- the student

El hombre- the man

La mujer- the woman

La persona- the person

A veces- sometimes

De vez en cuando- from time to time

AR Verb Endings ER Verb Endings IR Verb Endings -o -amos -o -emos -o -imos-as -áis -es -éis -es -ís-a -an -e -en -e -en

Cultural:El arte en Texas

- Cascarones are painted eggs filled with confetti- They are popular at Easter, parties, and graduations.- They are common during Fiesta San Antonio (celebrates history of San Antonio,

Texas)- If a cascarón is broken over your head, it is good luck.- Carmen Lomas Garza is a Mexican-American artist known fot her 1989 painting

Cascarones.

Definite and Indefinite Articles

Masculine El chico – the boy Un chico – a boyLos chicos – the boys Unos chicos – some boys

FeminineLa chica – the girl Una chica – a girl Las chicas – the girls Unas chicas – some girls

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CONNELLY/SPANISH 1 2011 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE

Unidad 2

Llegar- to arrive

El horario- schedule

Las matemáticas- math

Las ciencias- science

El inglés- English

El arte- art

La historia- history

El español- Spanish

Siempre- always

Contestar- to answer

Enseñar- to teach

Tomar apuntes- to take notes

La hora- time

Después- after

Antes- before

Ver- to see

Mirar- to watch

En punto- o’ clock

Menos- minus

Mediodía- noon

Medianoche- midnight

Sacar una buena nota- to get a good grade

El examen- test

Usar la computadora- use the computer

De vez en cuando- once in a while

Muchas veces- often

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CONNELLY/SPANISH 1 2011 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE

Nunca- never

Todos los días- every day

Casi- almost

Difícil- difficult

Fácil- easy

Hay- there is, there are

La hora- hour, time

El/ un minuto- the/ a minute

Cuántos(as)- How many…?

Y media- 30 min

Cuarto- 15 or 45 min

Numbers:

1. Uno

2. Dos

3. Tres

4. Cuatro

5. Cinco

6. Seis

7. Siete

8. Ocho

9. Nueve

10. Diez

11. Once

12. Doce

13. Trece

14. Catorce

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CONNELLY/SPANISH 1 2011 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE

15. Quince

16. Dieciséis

17. Diecisiete

18. Dieciocho

19. Diecinueve

20. Veinte

21. Veintiuno

22. Ventidós

23. Veintitrés

24. Veinticuatro

25. Veinticinco

26. Veintiséis

27. Veintisiete

28. Veintiocho

29. Veintinueve

30. Treinta

31. Treinta y uno

40. Cuarenta

50. Cincuenta

60. Sesenta

70. Setenta

80. Ochenta

90. Noventa

100. Cien

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CONNELLY/SPANISH 1 2011 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE

Time: There are two questions that go with asking what time it is:

¿Qué hora es?- what time is it? Es la una y cuatro (1:15)Son las dos menos cuarto. (1:45)

Or

¿A qué hora es….? At what time is …A la una y cuarto (1:15) A las dos menos cuarto. (1:45)

*Hours are feminineFrom 0-30 min. use “y” then the number on the clock (regular)

From 31-60 min. use “menos” but go to the next hour For Example:

• Right: Son las tres menos cuarto• Wrong: Son las dos menos cuarto

Estar- to beEstoy estamosEstás estáisEstá están

Ir- to goVoy vamosVas vaisVa van

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CONNELLY/SPANISH 1 2011 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE

Ser & Estar:Ser:

we use ser to talk about time Describing what people, places and things are like

Estar: we use estar when we talk about things that are not considered permanent Location Feelings and emotions

la ventana – window

la silla – chair

la cama – bed

la mesa – table

la puerta – door

el cartel – poster

la revista – magazine

la zapatila – sneaker

la lámpara – lamp

el escritorio – desk

la radio – radio

la ropa – clothes

el reloj – clock

el armario – closet

Pasillo- hallway

el borrador- eraser

la calculadora- calculater

el cuaderno- notebook

el lapís- pencil

el mapa – map

la mochila- backpack

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CONNELLY/SPANISH 1 2011 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE

el papel – paper

el pizarrón – chalkboard

la pluma- pen

la puerta- door

la silla- chair

la tiza- chalk

aburrido(a)- boring

divertido(a)- fun

interesante- interesting

el baño- bathroom

la biblioteca- library

la cafetería- cafeteria

el gimnasio- gymnasium

la oficina del (de la) director(a) – principal’s office

cansado(a)- tired

contento(a) – content, happy

deprimido (a) – depressed

emocionado (a) – excited

enojado (a) – angry

nervioso(a) – nervous

ocupado(a) – busy

tranquilo (a) – calm

triste – sad

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CONNELLY/SPANISH 1 2011 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE

Location:

Cerca de- close to

Lejos de- far

Al lado de- next to

Encima de- on top of

Debajo de- under

Dentro de- inside

Delante de- in front of

Detrás de- behind/ after

Cultural:El museo de antropología

- The National Museum of Anthropology in Mexico City contains Piedra del Sol (Sun Stone) an Aztec calendar that weighs 25 tons.

- In Paraguarí, the Andrés Barbero Museum of Ethnography in Asunción contains tools, musical instruments, and artwork from indigenous cultures.

El autorretrato- Mexican artist Frida Kahlo painted many self-portraits, including Autorretrato con

collar.

Unidad 3

el desayuno- breakfast

el almuerzo- lunch

la cena- dinner

las bebidas- drinks/ beverages

el jugo de naranja- orange juice

la leche- milk

el café- coffee

la comida- food

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CONNELLY/SPANISH 1 2011 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE

los huevos- eggs

los huevos fritos- fried eggs

los huevos revueltos- scrambled eggs

el pan- bread

el cereal- cereal

el yogur- yogurt

el sandwich de jamón y queso- ham and cheese sandwich

la hamburguesa- hamburger

la sopa- soup

las uvas- grapes

la manzana- apple

la banana- banana

la lechuga- lettuce

la ensalada- salad

las cerezas- cherries

los dulces- sweets

los guineos- bananas

el pastel- cake

el té-tea

los bocadillos- sandwiches

saludable- healthy

las fresas- strawberries

el pan tostado- toast

las comidas- meals (book refers to it as foods)

la comida- meal

con- with

sin- without

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CONNELLY/SPANISH 1 2011 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE

Tengo ganas de- I feel like

Tengo hambre- I am hungry

Tengo sed- I am thirsty

compartir- to share

otro(a)- other

de- from/ of

a- to

¿Cómo?- How?

¿Cuál(es)?- Which?

¿Por qué?- Why?

¿Qué?- What?

¿Quién(es)?- Who?

Cultural : La cocina criolla

- Traditional cooking in Puerto Rico is known as la cocina criolla. - It is influenced by Spanish, African, and indigenous cultures- Common dish: Tostones (fried plantains)- Snack foods: Alcapurrias (fried plantains with meat), Bacalaitos (codfish fritters)- El Salvador foods blend by indigenous and Spanish influences.- Typical food: pupusa (corn tortilla filled with beans, pork, and cheese)

Curtido: coleslaw Semita: sweet bread

Old San Juan- Has cobblestone streets and Spanish colonial buildings - Plaza de Colon is popular with tourists and locals. - There is a statue of Christopher Columbus in center of square.

la familia- family

la abuela - grandmother

el abuelo- grandfather

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los abuelos-grandparents

la hermana- sister

el hermano- brother

los hermanos- brothers and sisters

la hija- daughter

el hijo- son

los hijos- children

la madre- mother

la madrastra- stepmother

el padre- father

el padrastro- stepfather

los padres- parents

el primo- cousin (boy)

la prima- cousin (girl)

los primos- cousins

la tía- aunt

el tío- uncle

los tíos- uncles and aunts

el gato- cat

el perro- dog

mayor- older

menor- younger

major- better

peor-worse

vivir- to live

ya- already

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CONNELLY/SPANISH 1 2011 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE

¿Cuál es la fecha? - What is the date?

Es el...de- It is the…of...

Ex: Es el siete de marzo.

el primo de- the first of

el cumpleaños- birthday

¡Feliz cumpleaños!- Happy birthday!

la fecha de nacimiento- birth date

¿Cuántos años tienes?- How old are you?

Tengo… años- I am…years old.

Ex: Yo tengo catorce años.

¿En qué mes naciste? - In what month were you born?

Yo nací en… - I was born in….

Ex: Yo nací en octubre.

los meses- months

enero- January

febrero- February

marzo- March

abril- April

mayo- May

junio- June

julio- July

agosto- August

septiembre- September

octubre- October

noviembre- November

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diciembre- December

100- cien

200- doscientos (as)

300- trescientos (as)

400- cuatrocientos (as)

500- quinientos (as)

600- seiscientos (as)

700- setecientos (as)

800- ochocientos (as)

900- novecientos (as)

1,000- mil

Singular Possessive Adjectivesmi- my nuestro(a)- ourtu- your (familiar) vuestro (a)- your (familiar)su- your (formal) su- yoursu- his, her, its su- their

Ex: Es mi madre.She is my mother.

*For plural possessive adjectives simply add an “s”.

Ex:Son mis primas.They are my cousins

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CONNELLY/SPANISH 1 2011 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE

Comparatives

with an adjective: más....que – more…. than Mi abuela es más artística que mi padre.My grandmother is more artistic than my father

menos….que- less than La clase de ciencias es menos divertida que la clase de ingles.Science class is less fun than English class.

tan….como- as….asTus hermanas son tan serias como la maestra. Your sisters are as serious as the teacher.

without an adjective:

más que… - more thanMe gusta ir a la biblioteca más que al gimnasio.I like to go to the library more than to the gym.

menos que…- less than Me gustan las hamburguesas menos que los tacos.I like hamburgers less than tacos.

tanto como…- as much as…¿Te gusta hablar tanto como escuchar?Do you like to talk as much as listen?

Cultural:

Las elections en Puerto Rico - Puerto Ricans have U.S. citizenship and those living on the mainland can vote in

presidential elections. - On the island, Puerto Ricans vote for their governor and local legislature.- Puerto Ricans have three main political parties: Partido Popular Democrático –

favors the current political status, Partido Nuevo Progresista- wants Puerto Rico to become the 51st state, and Partido Independentista Puertorriqueño – supports independence from the U.S.

Los retratos

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- Rafael Tufiño’s portraits reflect the people and culture of Puerto Rico. - His works include Lavanderea and a painting of his mother titled: Goyita.- Fernando Sayán Polo, an artist from Peru, also reflects the people of his country

through his artwork.- His painting titled Niña campesina sonriente depects a young girl wearing a

traditional Andean dress.

Unidad 4

El centro comerical – shopping center, mall

¿ Cuánto cuesta(n)? – How much does it (do they) cot?

Cuesta(n) – It costs

El dinero – money

El dólar- the dollar

El euro -euro

Ir de compras – to go shopping

Pagar – to pay

El precio – price

La tienda – store

La blusa – blouse

Los calcetines – socks

La camisa – shirt

La camiseta – T-shirt

La chaqueta – jacket

Feo(a) – ugly

El gorro – winter hat

Los jeans – jeans

Llevar – to wear

Nuevo(a) – new

Los pantalones – pants

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Los pantalones cortos – shorts

La ropa – clothing

El sombrero – hat

El vestido – dress

Los zapatos – shoes

Durante – during

Cultural:

El arte surrealista de España

- Spanish surrealist, Salvidor Dalí paintings reflect his imagination and is often by his dreams

- La persistencia de la memoria is considered one of his masterpieces

Climas Diferentes- Countries near the equator have rainy and dry seasons, but have warm

temperatures year round- Countries in the northern and southern hemispheres have opposite seasons. - In July in Spain it is hot, while in Chile it is cold.

Las memorias del invierno- Antonio Colinas is a poet and novelist from Spain.- In 1988 he published the poem Invierno tardío.

Colors:

Amarillo (a) – yellow

Anaranjado(a) – orange

Azul – blue

Blanco (a) – white

Marrón (pl. marrones) – brown

Negro(a) – black

Rojo (a) – red

Verde – green

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Tener calor – to be hot

Tener frío – to be cold

Tener razón – to be right

Tener suerte – to be lucky

La estación (pl. estaciones) – seasons

El invierno – winter

El otoño – autum; fall

La primavera – spring

El verano – summer

Direct Object Pronounsme – me nos – uste – you (familiar) os – you (familiar)lo/la – you (formal), her, it los/ las – you, them

The direct object noun is placed after the conjugated verb.Ex: Quiero la camia azul. I want the blue shirt.

The direct object pronoun is placed directly before the conjugated verb. Ex: La quiero.I want it.

When an infinitive follows the conjugated verb, the direct object pronoun can be placed before the conjugated verb or attached to the infinitive.Ex: Quiero comprar zapatos negros.I want black shoes.

Ex: Quiero comprarlos.I want them.

El café- café

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El centro- center/ downtown

El cine- movie theater /the movies

El parque- park

El restaurante- restaurant

El teatro- theater

El concierto- concert

Las entradas- tickets

La música rock- rock music

La película- movie

La ventanilla- ticket window

A pie- by foot

La calle- street

En autobús- by bus

En coche- by car

Tomar- to take

El (la) camarero(a)- server

La cuenta- bill

De postre- for dessert

El menú- menu

El plato principal- main course

La propina- tip

El arroz- rice

El bistec- beef

El brócoli- broccoli

La carne- meat

La ensalada- salad

Los frijoles- beans

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El pastel- cake

La patata- potato

El pescado- fish

El pollo- chicken

El tomate- tomato

Las verduras- vegetables

Allí- there

Aquí- here

El lugar- place

Tal vez- maybe

Conmigo- with me

Contigo- with you

Cultural:Los mercados

- Every Sunday tourists and locals visit El Rastro, one of the oldest flea markets in Madrid, Spain.

- Vendors offer bargains on antiques, secondhand clothing, CDs, books, maps, and art.

- In Chichicastenango, Guatemala is a popular market that sells handicragrs from the Maya-Quiché culture.

- Many vendors there wear the traditional dress of their region and sell many textiles including Mayan blouses called huipiles.

- Other common items include fruits, vegetables, masks, baskets, candles, and flowers.

Las meninas- Diego Velázquez served as the official painter for King Philip IV of Spain and

painted many portraits of the royal family. - Las meninas shows the Infanta (princess) and her attendants.- Velázquez included himself in the painting.- Three centuries later, Pablo Picasso, also from Spain, completed 58

interpretations of the painting.

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CONNELLY/SPANISH 1 2011 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE

Stem Changing Verbs

Volver [o:ue]- to return Vuelvo volvemosVuelves volvéis Vuelve vuelven

Poder [o:ue] – to be able/canPuedo podemosPuedes podéis Puede pueden

Costar [o:ue] – cost/difficultCuesto costamosCuestas costáisCuesta cuestan

Encontrar [o:ue] – to find/meetEncuentro encontramosEncuentras encontráisEncuentra encuentran

Dormir [o:ue]- to sleepDuermo dormimosDueres dormísDuerme duermen

Almorzar[o:ue]-to eat lunchAlmuerzo almorzamosAlmuerzes almorzáisAlmuerza almuerzan

Pedir[e:i]- to order/ask forPido pedimosPides pedísPide pidenServir [e:i] - to serveSirvo servimosSirves servís

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CONNELLY/SPANISH 1 2011 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE

Sirve sirven

Querer [e:i]- to wantQuirero queremosQuieres queréis Quiere quieren Cerrar [e: ie] –to closecierro cerramosCieras cerráisCierra cierran

Empezar [e:ie] –to beginEmpiezo empezamosempiezas empezáisempieza empiezan

Entender [e: ie] – to understandentiendo entendemosentiendes entendéisentiende entienden

Pensar [e: ie] – to thinkpienso pensamospiensas pensáispiensa piensan

Preferir [e: ie] – to preferprefiero preferimosprefieres preferísprefiere prefieren

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