El Futuro

Spanish IIIMrs. O. PachecoEl Futuro Definition:A verb is said to be active voice when it expresses an action performed by its subject.The coach will instruct the players. (The subject performs the action.)A verb is said to be passive voice when the action it expresses is performed upon its subject.The players will be instructed by the coach. (The subject receives the action.)Keep in mind: Active/ Passive Voice Passive voice is always made with the following pattern.Ser + past participle Ser is the first part of the passive voice structure followed by a past participle in English.The pattern is the same as present passive voice. The only difference is instead of conjugating ser in the present tense, it is now in the future tense.Ser (ser future tense) + past participle (-ado/-ido)Passive voice in SpanishRemember regular past participles are made by adding ado or ido to the stem.There are the irregulars:Abierto / visto / puesto / dicho / cubierto / escrito / vuelto / hecho / muerto / rotoUnlike the perfect tenses, the past participle will agree with the subject of the sentence.The book will be written (El libro ser escrito)The map will be read (El mapa ser ledo)Future passive voice in SpanishA. Passive or Active?B. Translate & Conjugate the ones that are passive:The album will be received unfavorably by the fans.El lbum ser recibida desfavorablemente por los fans.4. A bit part will be played by the well-known actor.Un pequeo papel ser interpretado por el conocido actor.6. That game will be played by more than one person.El juego ser jugado por ms de una persona.

1. The album will be received unfavorably by the fans.2. The student body elects its council reps.3. Angelos courageous act averted a tragedy.4. A bit part will be played by the well-known actor.5. Someone at the airport recognized the popular actor.6. That game will be played by more than one person.Do you see the ser and the past participles going to happen?

Los Futuros Using the present tense with a time expression. El tren sale a las dos. / The train departs at 2:00.Using ir + a + infinitive for actions that will occur in the near future (Immediate Future Tense) Este sbado voy a reciclar todas las botellas.To express uncertainty or probability in the present (The Conditional) (I wonder, Its probable, It must be) Dnde estarn mis zapatos? / Where can my shoes be?Qu hora ser? / I wonder what time it is.Using the past participle to state what will have happened by a certain time in the future. (Future Perfect)A las 3:o0 el tren habr salido. / At 3:00 the train will have left.To tell what "will" happen, or what "shall" happen. (Simple Future)I will go to the beach next month.I shall write the letter next week.

You can express the future in Spanish in five different ways:The future tense is not used to express a willingness to do something. For this, use the verb "querer."Quieres ir a la tienda?(Will you go to the store?)

WARNING!

Cmo se forma?IMMEDIATE FUTURE

Here are some useful words and expressions for pinpointing exactly when you are going to do something.Hoy todayMaana tomorrowMs tarde laterEsta tarde this afternoonLa semana que viene next weekEl mes que viene next month El ao que viene next year Esta noche tonight Maana por la maana tomorrow morning Maana por la tarde tomorrow afternoon Maana por la noche tomorrow night

In Spanish, many useful expressions are formed by combining two verbs. When this occurs, the first verb is conjugated, while the second verb remains in the infinitive form.ir + a + infinitive = to be going to do something (in the near future)Remember from the previous lesson how to conjugate the verb ir:voyvasva vamosvaisVan

Examples:Voy a llevar a mi hermana a su casa.I am going to take my sister to her house.Vas a invitar a muchas muchachas.You are going to invite lots of girls.

How toThe Immediate Future TenseIn English: I am going to playThe Immediate Future Tense is formed by usingThe verb ir+ a+ infinitivevoyvasvavamosvaisvanajugarcomervivirTherefore voy a jugar =I am going to playvamos a comer =We are going to eatVan a vivir =They are going to liveHave a go at theseMirar = to watchVender = to sellSubir = to climbvoyvasvavamosvaisvanYou (sg) are going to sellHe is going to climbThey are going to watchI am going to climbWe are going to sellYou (pl) are going to watchVas a venderVa a subirVan a mirarVoy a subirVamos a venderVais a mirar1. Yo como una hamburguesa.Yo _______ a _________ una hamburguesa maana.

2. Empezamos._______ a _________ esta tarde.

3. Paco regresa a Mxico.Paco _______ a _________ a Mxico la semana que viene.

4. La familia visita la universidad.La familia _______ a _________ la universidad hoy.

5. Las vampiresas beben la sangre.Las vampiresas _______ a _________ la sangre esta noche.

A. Write the necessary word(s) in order to indicate an action in the near future.Cmo se forma?

SIMPLE FUTURE

The Future TenseIn English: I will play I will be playingThe Future Tense is formed by usinginfinitive+endinghablarbeberrecibirsemosisnBeberemos =We will drinkRecibir =I will receiveHablarn =They willspeakHe willdrink =BeberHablar =I will speakRecibiris =You (pl)will receiveWhat makes the Future Tense easy to use ?All infinitives use the same endings.

What makes the Future Tense more tricky ?There are 12 irregular verbs in the Future Tense

Cmo se forman?

IRREGULARS (SF)

Irregular Verbs in the Future Tense:caberdecirhaberhacerpoderponerquerersabersalirtenervalervenirto fitto say / tellto have*to do / maketo be ableto putto wantto know (a fact)to go outto have*to be worthto come

*Tener meansto own or to possess.You will use this verb a lot.

Haber is an auxiliary orhelping verb.You will useit very rarely.cabr, cabrs, .dirhabrharpodrpondrquerrsabrsaldrtendrvaldrvendrThe endings are the same as for the regular verbs, but a future stem is used instead of the infinitive.Some practicecaberdecirhaberhacerpoderponerquerersabersalirtenervalervenircabrdirhabrharpodrpondrquerrsabrsaldrtendrvaldrvendr

He will know

We will say

You (sg) will have

They will be able

You (pl) will go outsabrdiremostendrspodrnsaldrisClass Discussion:Answer in Spanish the following question statement using the future tense: I wonder what Nick will do if he wins one million dollars in the lottery"

Practica! En el futuro, yo pienso que el mundo________ [1] (ser) muy diferente. Primero, todos nosotros _______ [2] (vivir) por muchos ms aos, y muchas enfermedades de hoy en da ya no ______ [3] (existir). Tambin, pienso que no _______ [4] (haber) televisin. En vez, las personas ______ [5] (recibir) los programas automticamente en sus cabezas. No s como... posiblemente todos (nosotros) _____ [6] (tener) antenas en nuestras cabezas. Tambin creo que si t quieres leer un prrafo como ste, no ______ [7] (tener) que leerlo slo _______ [8] (necesitar) tocar la pgina con tus dedos y la informacin _______ [9] (entrar) automticamente en tu cabeza. T _______ [10] (saber) todo slo con tus dedos.(Subjunctive)ConditionalUsing the Subjunctive-Conditional

Qu haras para mejorar Kickapoo?In groups of 5, select a person of your group to run for candidate to become president of Kikapoo. You all will have to convince the class to vote for your candidate. Group Activity using the Conditional:

Cmo se forma?

FUTURE PERFECT

The Future Perfect TenseIn ENGLISH the future perfect tense states what will have happened by a certain time in the future.You form it by combining will have with a past participle.At 3:00 the train will have left.A las 3:o0 el tren habr salido.The Future Perfect TenseAs with the other perfect tenses, the future perfect is formed by combining the auxiliary verb "haber" with the past participle. In this case, "haber" is conjugated in the future tense.

habrhabrshabr+past participlehabremoshabrishabrn

The Future Perfect TenseRemember, some past participles are irregular. Also remember that the past participle never changes form in the perfect tenses.The future perfect is often used with para or dentro de + a time reference.

The Future Perfect Tense(yo) Habr escrito el libro antes del ao nuevo.I will have written the book before the new year.(t) Habrs comprado una casa en un ao?Will you have bought a house in a year?The Future Perfect Tense(l) Habr pagado todas las deudas para el dos de octubre.He will have paid all the debt by October 2.(nosotros) Habremos vuelto de Espaa para el doce de junio.We will have returned from Spain by June 12.

The Future Perfect Tense(vosotros) Para cuando Juan llegue, vosotros ya habris salido.By the time Juan arrives, you-all will already have left.(ellos) Para cuando Mara vuelva, ellos ya habrn comido.By the time Maria returns, they will have already eaten.

The Future Perfect Tense(yo) Dentro de tres meses habr aprendido mucho.Within three months I will have learned a lot.The Future Perfect TenseAlso use the future perfect to speculate about something that may have happened in the past.Cmo se habr roto el brazo Miguel?How could Miguel have broken his arm?No s. Se habr cado.I dont know. He must have fallen.6. Ud. __________ una reservacin para viajar con ellas. (hacer)7. Yo __________ de mi casa a tiempo. (salir)8. Mi abuelo __________ a nuestra casa cada fin de semana. (venir)9. T __________ mejor. (dormir)10. Enriqueta __________ toda la informacin para sus exmenes. (saber)

1. Esteban __________ el peridico cada da. (leer)2. Yo les __________ Buenos Das a cada persona que conozco. (decir)3. Nosotros __________ temprano para nuestras clases. (llegar)4. T __________ ms dinero en el banco. (poner)5. Ellas __________ de viaje este verano. (ir)

Practice: Use the future tense to tell what the following people will do to improve themselves. A five-year plan is a government plan for economic development over five years.Create a plan of your own.Once completed share with the class what you will have done before those five years are completed, using the future perfect.

Activity 1:The Five Year PlanWhat would she have to do to be ready for a date with the man of her dreams?Brainstorm all of the things she would need to do to be ready for her date at 7 pm the following evening.Arrange those tasks in a timeline.How much time will she need to be ready by?Wait! She just got a flat tire and this has caused her to be late in getting ready for her date.She lost 90 min. but her dream date will still arrive at 7pm.What will she have done and will have not done by the time Mr. Right arrives?

Activity 2: The (Im)Perfect DateSpanish Review: Future Tenses