special steels engineer

7/30/2019 Special Steels Engineer

1/14

Engineering Steels:>

Fletcher Easysteel Page 15


2/14

Medium Tensile Steel:>


Medium Tensile Steel 1040/45Product Shortname: MTI, MTM

Specifications: JISG4051S40C JISG4051S45C BSEN8

Tolerances: CDBar:H10

Typical Analysis: C Mn Si S&P

0.40% 0.6/0.9% 0.35%max. 0.050max.

Mechanical Properties:UTSapprox600MPa Yieldapprox450MPa

Colour Code:Yellow

Characteristics:AISI1040/45isamediumcarbonmediumtensilesteelwithimprovedstrengthovermildsteel.Suppliedinblackorcolddrawnconditionitiseasilymachineableandisgenerallyusedintheassuppliedcondition.Itcanbereadilyflameorinductionhardenedtoapproximately58RockwellC.

Applications:Allgeneralengineeringapplicationsrequiringahigherstrengththanmildsteelsuchasshafts,axles,bolts,etc.

Size Range:

Rounds (cold drawn)Imperial (inches)

1/4 5/16 3/8

7/16 9/16 1/2

5/8 3/4 7/8

1 11/4 13/8

11/2 13/4 2

21/4 21/2 3

31/2 4

Beforeorderingblackmaterial,notecommentsonmachiningallowances(Refertopage28).Fortolerancesrefertopages97-102.

Rounds (cold drawn)Metric (mm)

10 12 16

20 25 30

35 40 45

50 55 60

65 70 75

80 90 100

110 115 120

130

Rounds (Black)Metric (mm)

40 45 50 60 65

70 75 80 90 100

105 110 120 130 140

150 160 170 180 190200 210 220 230 240

250 260 280 290 300

310 320 340 370 400

420


3/14

Medium Tensile Steel:>


Medium Tensile Steel AISI 1040/45Heat Treatment Procedures:AISI1040isavailableineithercolddrawnorhotrolledcondition.Thecoldfinishingprocessofdrawingdoesslightlyimprovethemechanicalpropertiesoverthoseofahotrolledbar.However,thermaltreatmentsmustbeemployedifhighermechanicalpropertiesarerequired.AISI1040issuitableforsurfacehardeningbyflameorinductionmethods.Hardnessandtensilestrengthmayalsobefurtherincreasedbyconventionalquenchingandtemperingthoughtheresultsaresomewhatsensitivetothematerialssectionsize(seetemperingdiagrams).

Thermal TemperatureProcess: Range:Annealing 830-860OCNormalising 830-860OCHardening 830-860OC

Tempering 200-650OC

Flame/Induction 870-900OC

Remarks:

Coolslowlyinfurnaceatnotmorethan65OC/hr.

Aircool.Holdingtimeinfurnaceshouldbe10mins/cmofrulingsectionfollowedbyoilorwaterquenching.Temperaturedependsonrequiredhardness(seetemperingdiagrams).Temperingshouldbecarriedoutimmediatelyafterquenching.Thetemperingtimebeingatleast1hourper25mmofsection.Heatingshouldberapidinordertolocalisetheheatingeffecttothesurfaceofthebar.Quenchimmediatelyintooilorwater.Temperimmediatelyat150-200OCformaximumsurfacehardness.Surfacehardnessobtainable56-60HRC.

Tempering Diagram: Tempering Diagram: TS1N/mm2

103 1600

90 1400

78 1200

65 1000

52 800 80

39 600 660

26 400 40

13 200 20

0 0 0

Test specimen 14mm O quenched in oil from 860OC

160

140

120

100 500 50

80 400 40

60 300 30

40 200 20

20 100 10

0 0 0

kp/mm2

Hardness,

Brinell

%

TS1N/mm2

103 1600

90 1400

78 1200

65 1000

52 800 80

39 600 660

26 400 40

13 200 20

0 0 0100 200 300 400 500 600

700 TemperingTemperatureinOC

Test specimen 50mm O quenched in oil from 860OC

160

140

120

100 500 50

80 400 40

60 300 30

40 200 20

20 100 10

0 0 0

kp/mm2

Hardness,

Brinell

%


4/14

High Tensile Steel:>


High Tensile Steel AISI 4140Product Shortname: HTI, HTM, HTHX, HTGI, HTGM

Rounds Supplied Black, Cold Drawn or Ground

Specifications: AISI4140 JISG4105SCM440 EN19

42CrMo4

Tolerances: CD Bar:H10 CG Bar:AllsizestoH8

Typical Analysis: C Mn Cr Mo 0.40% 0.8% 0.95% 0.25% Mechanical Properties:UTSapprox850-1000MPa Yieldapprox700-900MPaColour Code:White

Characteristics:AISI4140qualityissuppliedintheheattreatedconditionwithanultimatetensilestrengthintherange850-1000MPa,althoughwithfurtherheattreatmenttensilestrengthsof1150MPacanbeobtainedonsectionsupto100mm

(4).Intheassupplied,heattreatedconditionthisgradeisusedforawiderangeofshaftingandhightensileapplications,itpossessesexcellenttoughnessandisreadilymachineable.4140gradecanalsobenitridedtoapproximately60RockwellCsurfacehardnessoralternativelyflameorinductionhardenedtoapproximately58HRCsurfacehardness.

Applications:Mediumtoheavydutyshafts,gears,axles,rods,spindles,crowbars,nuts,etc.

Size Range:

Rounds (cold drawn) Metric (mm)

10 12 16 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 60

65 70 75 80 90 100

Rounds (black) Metric (mm)

20 24 30 40 45 50 60 65 70 75 80

90 100 105 110 120 130 140 150 160 180 190

200 210 220 240 250 260 270 280 300 320

Ground Metric (mm)

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70

75 80 90 100

SeeoverpageforHexagonandimperialsizesandranges.


5/14



High Tensile Steel AISI 4140

Hexagon (cold drawn & HT) Imperial (inches)

5/8AF 7/8AF 3/4AF 1AF 11/8AF 11/4AF 11/2AF 13/4AF 2AF

Rounds (cold drawn) Imperial (inches)

3/8 1/2 5/8 3/4 7/8 1 11/8 11/4 11/2

13/4 2 21/4 21/2 3 4

Ground Imperial (inches)

1/2 5/8 3/4 7/8 1 11/8 11/4 11/2 13/4

13/8 2 21/4 21/2 3 31/2 4

Heat Treatment Procedures:AlthoughAISI4140issuppliedinthealreadyheattreatedconditionatatensilestrengthof850-1000MPa,therewillinevitablybecertainapplicationswhereahigherstrengthisrequiredorwhereahighersurfacehardnessisneededtowithstandabrasion.Thefollowingrecommendationsareintendedasaguidetofurtherthermaltreatments.Note: Beforeanyfurtherthroughhardeningtreatmentsarecarriedoutthematerialshouldfirstbeannealed.

Thermal TemperatureProcess: Range: Annealing 850-880OC

Normalising 850-880OCHardening 850-880OC

Tempering 200-650OC

Flame/Induction 870-900OCHardening

Remarks:


Aircool.Holdingtimeinfurnaceshouldbe10mins/cmofrulingsectionfollowedbyoilorwaterquenching.Temperaturedependsonrequiredhardness(seetemperingdiagrams).Temperingshouldbecarriedoutimmediatelyafterquenching.Thetemperingtimebeingatleast1hourper25mmofsection.Heatingshouldberapidinordertolocalisetheheatingeffecttothesurfaceofthebar.Quenchimmediatelyintooilorwater.Temperimmediatelyat150-200OCformaximumsurfacehardnessobtainable54-60HRC.

130 2000

115 1800

103 1600

90 1400

78 1200

65 1000

52 800 80

39 600 60

26 400 40

13 200 20

0 0 0100 200 300 400 500 600


200

180

160

140

120

100 100

80 80

60 60

40 40

20 20

0 0

kp/mm2

%

130 2000

115 1800

103 1600

90 1400

78 1200

65 1000

52 800 80

39 600 60

26 400 40

13 200 20

0 0 0100 200 300 400 500 600


200

180

160

140

120

100 100

80 80

60 60

40 40

20 20

0 0

kp/mm2

%

Tempering Diagram: Tempering Diagram:

TS1 N/mm2 Test specimen 35mm O quenched in oil from 860OC TS1N/mm2Testspecimen100mmOquenchedinoilfrom860OC


6/14



High Tensile Steel AISI 4340Product Shortname: HTI, HTM, HTGI, HTGM

Rounds Supplied Black and Centreless Ground

Specifications: AISI4340 JISG4103SNCM439 EN24

40CrNiMo6Tolerances: CG Bar:AllsizestoH8

Typical Analysis: C Mn Ni Cr Mo 0.4% 0.7% 1.85% 0.8% 0.25% Mechanical Properties:UTSapprox950-1100MPa Yieldapprox680-750MPa

Colour Code:Black

Characteristics:AISI4340issuppliedintheheattreatedconditionwithatensilestrengthintherange950-1100MPa.Thisgradehasahighhardenabilityenablingittobeusedforhightensileapplicationsinlargesections.AISI4340canbeflameorinductionhardenedtoproduceasurfacehardnessofapproximately58HRC.

Applications:Highstrengthmachineparts,collets,spindles,hightensileboltsandstuds,gears,pinions,axleshafts,tappets,crankshafts,connectingrods,arbors,etc.CentrelessGroundcanbeusedwheretighttolerances,e.g.bearingfits,arerequiredwhilstatthesametimehavingthehightensilestrength.

Size Range:

Rounds (black) Metric (mm)

25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70

75 80 90 100 105 110 120 130 140 150

160 180 200 210 220 250 280 300 320

Rounds (centreless ground) Metric (mm)

20 35 40 50 60 80 100

Beforeorderingblackmaterialpleasenotecommentsonmachiningallowances.(Referpage28.)

Rounds (centreless ground) Imperial (inches)

2 21/4 21/2 3


7/14



High Tensile Steel AISI 4340

Heat Treatment Procedures:AswithAISI4140,AISI4340isalsosuppliedintheheattreatedconditionbuttothehigherstrengthlevelof950-1100MPa.Ifhighertensilestrengthsarerequired,orifahigherlevelofsurfacehardnessisdesirable,thiscanbeachievedbythethermaltreatmentsoutlinedbelow. Note:Beforeanyfurtherthroughhardening

treatmentsarecarriedout,thematerialshouldfirstbeannealed.

Thermal Temperature

Process: Range:Annealing 820-860OC

Normalising 820-860O

CHardening 820-860OC

Tempering 200-650OC

Flame/Induction 850-880OC

Remarks:


Aircool.Holdingtimeinfurnaceshouldbe10mins/cmofrulingsectionfollowedbyoilquenching.Temperaturedependsonrequiredhardness(seetemperingdiagrams).Temperingshouldbecarriedoutimmediatelyafterquenching.Thetemperingtimebeingatleast1hourper25mmofsection.Heatingshouldberapidinordertolocalisetheheatingeffecttothesurfaceofthebar.Quenchimmediatelyintooil.Temperimmediatelyat150-200OC.Surfacehardnessobtainable56-60HRC.

Tempering Diagram: Tempering Diagram:

130 2000

115 1800

103 1600

90 1400

78 1200

65 1000

52 800 80

39 600 60

26 400 40

13 200 20

0 0 0100 200 300 400 500 600


200

180

160

140

120

100 100

80 80

60 60

40 40

20 20

0 0

kp/mm2

%

130 2000

115 1800

103 1600

90 1400

78 1200

65 1000

52 800 80

39 600 60

26 400 40

13 200 20

0 0 0100 200 300 400 500 600


200

180

160

140

120

100 100

80 80

60 60

40 40

20 20

0 0

kp/mm2

%

TS1N/mm2Testspecimen35mmOquenchedinoilfrom860OC TS1N/mm2Testspecimen100mmOquenchedinoilfrom860OC


8/14



High Tensile Steel AISI P20Product Shortname: MOLD, MLDF (Flat)

Supplied Hardened, Tempered and Stress RelievedSupplied Black or PremachinedFlats, Squares and Rounds

Specifications: AISIP20 DIN1.2311/1.2738

Typical Analysis: C Mn Cr Mo Ni(2738) 0.40% 1.5% 1.9% 0.2% 1.0%

Mechanical Properties: UTSapprox950-1100MPaColour Code:2311Red 2312Red/White 2738Red/Yellow

Characteristics:Althoughpredominantlyusedintoolingapplicationsintheplasticmouldindustry,thesesteelsarealsosuitedforuseinapplicationswhereahightensilestrengthistheprimerequirement.Thesesteelsaresuppliedinthehardened

andtemperedconditionwithatensilestrengthof950-1100MPa.Furtherheat-treatmentcanproducetensilestrengthof1400MPainsectionsupto100mm(4)and1200MPainsectionsaslargeas200mm(8).Intheas-suppliedheat-treatedconditionthisgradepossessesexcellenttoughnessandendurancestrengthandisthereforealsoideallysuitedforhightensileapplicationssuchasheavydutyshafts,gears,axles,etc.Itmaybenitridedtoproduceasurfacehardnessof60RockwellCandflameorinductionhardenedto58RockwellC.

Applications:Hightensileapplicationssuchasheavydutyshafts,gears,axles,etc.

Size Range:

Rounds - Metric (mm)

16 25 32 45 50 65 80 90 100 110

140 355 443

Flats (mm)

25 35 45 50 70 75 80 100 130 150 200

Metric - Flats (mm) Grade 2311, 2312 and Grade 2738Wecancrosscuttoyourspecificrequirements.2311isalsoavailableinafreemachininggrade,2312(P20+S)whichisavailableinarangeofflats.



9/14



High Tensile Steel DIN 1.2767Product Shortname: MLDH, MHTF (Flat)

Rounds and Flats supplied Annealed

Specifications: En30Btypes

Mechanical Properties: UTSapprox770-930MPa

Typical Analysis: C Cr Mo Ni 0.45% 1.4% 0.3% 4.0%

Colour Code:Grey/Purple

Characteristics:DIN2767issuppliedintheannealedcondition,butiscapableofbeinghardenedtoatensilestrengthinexcessof1500MPaandisthereforeidealforapplicationswhereultrahightensilestrengthsarerequired.Thechemicalmake-upofthissteelenablesittobeairhardenedorvacuumhardenedwithaminimumofdistortion.DIN2767alsodisplaysexcellentpolishabilityandhightoughnessandcanbesuccessfullycarburised.

Applications:Afterheattreatmentthisgradeisusedforapplicationsinvolvinghightensilestrengthsinconjunctionwithextremelygoodtoughnessusedwherethestrengthof4340isnotsufficient,suchasshafts,axles,gears,etc.Canalsobeusedforgearsrequiringshockresistance.

Size Range:


16 20.5 25 30 35.8 40 45.8 50 75 100 111.5

Flats (mm)

20 25 40 50 60 80 110

Wecancrosscuttoyourspecificrequirements.

Heat Treatment Procedures:

Hot Forming:Hot forming OC Cooling

1050-850 slow,e.g.infurnace

Heat Treatment:

Soft annealing OC Cooling Hardness HB

610-650 furnace max.260

Hardening Hardness after

from OC in quenching HRC

840-870 oil,airorhotbath 56

180-220OC

TemperingOC 100 200 300 400 500 600

HRC 56 54 50 46 42 38


10/14

Case Hardening Steel:>

Carburising Steel En 36A, En 39BProduct Shortname: CASE

Products supplied Annealed

Specifications:En36A -AISI3310 En39B-AISI9310 -BS665A12 -BS835M15 -JIS94102SNCM220 -JIS94102SNCM815

Typical Analysis: C Mn Si Ni Cr En36A 0.15% 0.5% 0.2% 3.25%, 0.85% C Mn Si Ni Cr Mo En39B 0.15% 0.5% 0.2% 4.2% 0.85% 0.2%Colour Code:En36A-Yellow/Brown En39B-Orange/Brown

Characteristics:Casehardeningsteelswithhighcorestrengths.En39Bhasthehighercorestrengthandtoughnessafterheattreatment.Inadditiontocasehardeningbothgradesarealsousedinthethroughhardenedconditionforhightensileapplications.Suppliedintheannealedstate,approx269HB.

Applications:Componentsrequiringgoodwearresistanceandatoughcore,i.e.carburisedsplinedshafts,pistonpins,camshafts,guidepins.

Size Range:

EN 36A Rounds - Metric (mm)

22 25 33 40 50 55 75 90 105 120

140 150 170 180 200 210 260


25 33 40 45 50 55 60 70 75 80

90 105 120 140 210

FletcherEasysteelServiceCentreshavetheabilitytocuttoyourspecificrequirements.

Fletcher Easysteel Page 24Fletcher Easysteel Page 24


11/14

Case Hardening Steel:>


Carburising Steel En 36A, En 39B

Thermal Temperature Remarks:Process: Range:Annealing 820-860C For1hourper25mmofsection,slowfurnacecoolatnomorethan65OC/hour.Carburising 880-930C

Thefollowingtableindicatesapproximatecasedepthsachievable:Timeinhoursatthestatedcarburisingtemperaturetoproducethegivencase-depth

Case Depth 880OC 900OC 925OC

(inches) Solid Gas Solid Salt Gas Solid Gas

0.01 1.5 0.65 1.2 0.6 0.45 0.8 0.35

0.02 2.4 2.0 2.1 1.8 1.5 1.7 1.0

0.03 6.0 4.5 4.4 4.0 3.2 2.7 2.25

0.04 10.7 8.0 7.8 7.2 5.25 4.8 4.0

0.06 24.0 18.0 17.6 16.0 12.0 10.8 9.0

0.08 43.0 32.0 31.2 - 21.0 19.2 16.0

0.10 67.0 50.0 52.0 - 33.0 30.0 25.0

Post Carburising Treatments:

Treatment A Treatment B Treatment C(Directoilquench) (Formaximumdimensionalstability) (Singlerefine)

Oilquenchdirectfrom Aircooldirectfromcarburising Aircoolfromcarburisingtemperature.carburisingtemperatureand temperatureandtemperat200OC Reheatto850-880OCandoilquench.temperat200OCfor1hour for1hourper25mmofsection. Temperat200OCfor1hourper25mmper25mmofsection. ofsection.

Note: FormostapplicationstreatmentCwouldbetherecommendedprocedure.

TypicalResults: Casehardnessupto64HRC. Corestrengthupto1300MPatensile.


12/14


Phosphor Bronze:>


Phosphor Bronze LG2Product Shortname: BZHB, BZR

Specifications: BS1400LG2 SAE40 JISH5111-BC6 DIN1705-RG5 AS156583600 ASTMA505&B271-83600 ISO1338-CuPb5Sn52n5

Typical Analysis: Cu Sn Zn Pb P 85% 5% 5% 5.0% 0.05%

Characteristics:PhosphorbronzeLG2(leadedgunmetal)isthecommongeneralpurposebearinggradeparticularlyforgeneralresistancetopickuporstickingwithferrousmaterialinslowormediumfrictionapplications.Itsexcellentmachine-ability,andfreedomfromgasandporosityenablecomplicatedpartstobemade.Excellentresistancetogeneralcorrosion.

Applications: Bushesandbearingsinequipment,irrigation,bearingrings,hydrauliccontrolequipment, hydraulicramcomponents,crankgears,valveseats,wearrings.

Size Range: Allstandardsizesinround(solids)from25.5mm-101mm Allstandardsizesincoredhollowbarfrom1x1/2to4x3.5 (Othersizesonapplication)

Typical Mechanical Properties

UTS Yield Elongation Hardness

Centrifugally Cast 270Mpa 120Mpa 20% 75BHN

Continuous Cast 300Mpa 120Mpa 20% 75BHN

Welding: Suitableforbeingjoinedbysolderingandbrazing.Oxyacetyleneweldingnotrecommended.


13/14

Dia. MEDIUM TENSILE 4140 4340 CASEINCHES 1040 BLK 1040 CD BLK CD CG BLK CG EN36A/EN39B

1/4 3/8 5/16 7/16

1/2 5/8 3/4 7/8 9/16 1 11/8 11/4 11/2 13/4 13/8 2 21/4 21/2 3 31/2 4 METRIC 10 12 16 20 22 24 25 30 33 35 40

45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 90 100 105 110 115 ` 120 130

140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 280 290

300 310 320 340 370 400 420

Engineering Steels


14/14

Engineering Steels:>

Forms of Supply & Machining AllowancesOursuppliersendeavourtomeettherequirementsofthemarketatalltimes.Apartfromtheblackconditiontheycanoffertoolsteelsinthepremachinedcondition,whichpresentseconomicadvantageinmanycases.Theproductionprogrammesaresubdividedintothefollowingproductgroups: blackcondition premachinedtoolsteels precision-machinedtoolsteelsCurrentmarketanalysisguaranteestheconsumeroptimumstockinallcommonsteelgradesandsizes,annealedorheat-treatedwiththenecessaryworkingstrengthorhardness.

Themachinedbarsofferthecustomerthefollowingadvantages: noloadingandsoilingofthemachinesbyroughmachining flexibleandimprovedtimeschedule ready-madeforfurtherprocessing,consequentlyshorteningoftoolproductiontime significantreductionofthemanufacturingcosts indirectextensionofcapacitywithoutfurtherinvestment allocationofpreliminaryworktothetoolsteelsupplier,thusfreeingthetoolmakersforotherskilledwork

Black conditionMaterialisproducedunderconsiderationofthecommonmachiningallowancesindicatedinDIN17350,part10(draft6/83).Whenmanufacturingtoolssufficientallowancemustbemadeformachiningtoremovescalewhichoriginatedduringforging,rollingandannealingaswellasdecarburizationandsometimessurfaceimperfections.

Premachined Tool SteelsPremachinedtoolsteelsoffertotheuserasmoothsurfacewithmachiningallowancesalreadystronglynarroweddown.Theadvantagesofapremachinedsurfacecanbeseenfromthediagramshownonpage96.Dependingonsize7to10%oftheweightcanbesaved.

Basic sizes and pertinent largest finished sizes for rolled or forged round, square, hexagonaland octagonal bars.

Basic Size

Thickness

DR*

Largest

Finished Size

Thickness DR*

10 8

12 10

14 12

15 12.5

16 13.5

18 15.5

20 17.5

22 19.5

25 22.5

30 27

35 32

40 36.5

Basic Size

Thickness

DR*

Largest

Finished Size

Thickness DR*

45 41.5

50 46

55 51

60 55.5

65 60.5

70 65

75 70

80 75

85 80

90 84

100 94

110 103

Basic Size

Thickness

DR*

Largest

Finished Size

Thickness DR*

120 113

130 123

140 132

150 142

160 151

170 161

180 170

190 180

200 189

210 199

220 209

230 218

Basic Size

Thickness

DR*

Largest

Finished Size

Thickness DR*

240 228

250 237

260 247

300 285

350 333

400 380

450 428

500 476

600 571

special steels engineer

Documents