spectrum as a shared resource - agl (above ground … as a shared resource ... cisco vni global ip...

| 1 | © Senza Fili 2017

Spectrum as a shared resourceLight-licensing models for 3.5 GHz band open new ways to deploy and operate networks

Monica Paolini, Senza Fili

| 2 | © Senza Fili 2017

CBRS: the cheat sheet

January 26, 2017

CBRS is a bold experiment in regulation, with implications beyond 3.5 GHz and beyond US

3.5 GHz band TDD-LTEUp to 150 MHz

(depends on location)

Multiple users coordinate use of

spectrum

Dynamic spectrum allocation

Not unlicensed:Protected access

Opportunistic(not guaranteed)use of spectrum

Industry groups: WinnForum,

CBRS Alliance

Neutral host as deployment

model

Challenges: co-existence,

devices

Questions: role of MNOs, MSOs

Venue owners have large role in

spectrum use

Excellent for indoor small cells

| 3 | © Senza Fili 2017

Shared spectrum innovation (and disruption) from learning in licensed and unlicensed spectrum

January 26, 2017

How to increase spectrum utilization: technology, but also regulation and business models

Licensed

spectrum

Unlicensed

spectrum

Sharedspectrum

| 4 | © Senza Fili 2017

Unlicensed spectrum has been a huge success storyin spectrum utilization

January 26, 2017

…even though spectral efficiency for unlicensed technologies is lower than for licensed ones

Source: Cisco VNI Global IP Traffic Forecast, 2015-20

| 5 | © Senza Fili 2017

SOME REGULATORY ASPECTS

3.5 GHz Band

January 26, 2017

Colby Harper, Pathfinder Wireless

U.S. 3.5 GHz Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS)

• Spectrum Management Macro Trends & Bodies

• The new U.S. 3.5 GHz Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) Band• 150 MHz, 3 Access Tiers, Spectrum Sharing, & Hybrid Licensing

• Functional Architecture

• Timeline Overview

January 26 2017 © Pathfinder Wireless 2017

Spectrum Management Regulatory Macro Trends

• Across the globe, the overall historical national spectrum regulatory authority trend is to open up what was once locked down and static.• Rigid > Flexible uses, radio technologies, and allocations

• Centralized to > Increasingly decentralized systems

• Homogeneity to > Heterogeneity…in frequency, geography, and time

• Moves the overall system from static hierarchical complexity to a dynamic complexity


New bands, new hybrid licensing approaches

• 4G/5G 3.5 GHz CBRS, 5G 28GHz and higher

• Evolving licensing approaches

Courtesy: Qualcomm

3.5 GHz CBRS


Who makes the rules? Spectrum Regulatory Bodies

International: ITU-R

NA: Treaty

US: FCC / NTIA


US: FCC / NTIA… …and ALSO, for 3.5GHz Band, the WInnForum’s

Spectrum Sharing Committee

Spectrum Regulatory/Management Bodies ? (!)



City of Bellevue

State of WA

Seahawks Stadium Owners

Bellevue Square Mall

Marriott


City of Bellevue

…& his car

Marriott

This guy & his phone



U.S. 3.5GHz Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) Band

• Novel 3-tier spectrum sharing of 150 MHz (!) from 3550-3700 MHz, in a hybrid licensing regime

• FCC’s new Part 96 rules created this new spectrum band authorizing advanced spectrum sharing among commercial and federal users

• Allows both Priority Access Licensees (PALs) and General Authorized Access (GAA) users to share dynamically with incumbent users.


CBRS: 3 Access Tiers

Courtesy: Ruckus Wireless


CBRS: 3 Access Tiers1st Tier: Incumbent primary users, primarily government:

• Dynamic priority access over all secondary users (only during operating times)• Interference protection from PAL & GAA

• 100 MHz from 3550-3650 MHz with perpetual Federal & Fixed Satellite Service incumbents• 50 MHz from 3650-3700 MHz with Part 90 Wireless Broadband Service incumbents, who

must transition to CBRS Part 96

and 2 levels of secondary users:• 2nd Tier: PAL/Primary Access Licensees

• Priority access over 3rd tier GAA for licensed geographic area & channel(s) to be acquired at auction• Licensed area is census tract, w/ 3+3 year initial license term; 3 years thereafter

• ~74,000 census tracts in US

• Interference protection from GAA

• No more than 70 of 150 MHz

• 3rd Tier: GAA/General Authorized Access • Licensed-by-rule or “Lightly-licensed”. Somewhat like Part 15, though radio base station operations must

be authorized initially and on-going by a CBRS Spectrum Access System (SAS)

• No presumption of Interference protection


What’s a Spectrum Access System (SAS)?

• A CBRS SAS controls channels/frequency resources in same geographic area and time

• There are currently 7 SAS Administrators conditionally approved by the FCC

• Collectively, the SAS’s are cohabiting coarse-grained spectrum managers, allocating spectrum resources to fine grained controllers—like LTE & 5G Systems & their eNodeB’s—that otherwise are not required to be aware of each other


CBRS: SAS Functional Architecture

GREEN = UNOFFICIAL COMMENTARY

UEUE

EUD

PAL Licensed&/OR

GAA Licensed

… Indoor &/OR Outdoor

• EUD: End User Device (A device authorized and controlled by an authorized CBSD)

• Category B CBSD: Higher power, outdoor only, certified installer only

• Category A CBSD: Lower power, indoor/outdoor, self-install allowed

• CBSD’s & EUD’s mostly technology agnostic. Can be LTE LAA, MulteFire, 5G, & Other TBD


CBRS: Opening up coastal metro’s via ESC use

<<< Static Exclusion Zones were revised, allowing 3.5GHz band use in far more places, thanks to FCC, NTIA, & DOD collaboration.

• When an ESC (Environmental Sensing Capability) is approved and enabled, Exclusion Zones will be made available for SAS-coordinated dynamic sharing with Tier 1 incumbents.

• This opens up the large coastal metro markets.



CBRS Timeline Overview

PCAST Report’s

3-tier spectrum sharing

recommendation

(July 2012)

FCC CBRS Part 96 NPRM’s

(December 2012

& April 2014)

WInnForumSpectrum Sharing

Committee Charter

(February 2015)

FCC CBRS Part 96 Rules

(April 2015)

FCC Conditional Approval of 7

SAS Administrators

(December 2016)

SSC Testing & Cert Spec

(~May 2017)

Continued Trials

(2017)

FCC ESC Operators approval

(TBD)

FCC PAL Auction

(TBD)

Commercial Trials &

Launches

(TBD ~2017/18)

The WInnForum Spectrum Sharing Committee is the FCC-approved multi-stakeholder group chartered with developing the solutions and technical standards for this novel three-tier framework

TODAY

Advanced LTE & 5Gtelecommunications

consulting

Contact: Colby [email protected] 206 409 5767


mailto:[email protected]

| 21 | © Senza Fili 2017

CBRS and shared spectrum continue the trend towards integration of licensed and unlicensed access

January 26, 2017

5G will expand flexible spectrum use, to shared and unlicensed models

| 22 | © Senza Fili 2017

CBRS unleashes 150 MHz of shared spectrum:opportunistic use, but still very valuable

January 26, 2017

Limited propagation of 3.5 GHz becomes an advantage in dense networks

Source: Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.

| 23 | © Senza Fili 2017

Coordinated access from multiple usersrequires a new network topology

January 26, 2017

Effective coordination is crucial to success of CBRS – open questions on what best approach is

Source: Federated Wireless

• SAS = Spectrum allocation server

• ESC = Environmental Sensing Capability

• SAS applicants:

– Amdocs

– Comsearch

– CTIA

– Federated Wireless

– Google

– Keybridge

– Sony

| 24 | © Senza Fili 2017

Venue owners get stronger role with CBRS

January 26, 2017

Service providers have to work with venue owners to benefit from CBRS

Venue owners have to work with service providers to benefit from CBRS

| 25 | © Senza Fili 2017

CBRS is an excellent opportunity for indoor densification

• No interference with macro network

• Up to 150 MHz of spectrum

• High spectrum reuse

• Neutral host model well suited to combine

– Venue owner desire to have max coverage, multiple service providers, min equipment

– Service provider desire to have indoor coverage, with min cost

• Opportunity to address mid-sized venues

• Venue owners may pay for deployment

– Bigger control on network (less for service provider)

January 26, 2017

…but the opportunity can only be realized in cooperation with licensed LTE and Wi-Fi

Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy

Consumption and Efficiency Statistics

| 26 | © Senza Fili 2017

CBRS Alliance members

January 26, 2017

A broad ecosystem is emerging – but what about the enterprise / venue owners?

Source: CBRS Alliance

| 27 | © Senza Fili 2017

Who will be the service providers for CBRS access?

January 26, 2017

Multiple options: much of CBRS innovation may come from service providers

Mobile operators

Cable operators

Venue owners

MVNOs

Municipalities Neutral hosts OTTs Others?

| 28 | © Senza Fili 2017

Looking ahead: shared spectrum regimefits new network topologies with coordinated access

January 26, 2017

New topologies integrate a licensed anchor to other bands for integrated, opportunistic access

China Mobile, Chih-Lin:No-more-cells user-centric model

DOCOMO:Phantom cells

Source: DOCOMOSource: China Mobile

| 29 | © Senza Fili 2017

… and back to small cells, the topic of the day

January 26, 2017

• Recent report on densification

– Analyst report on RAN evolution towards massively densified networks: drivers, technologies, market requirements

– 13 in-depth video/transcribed interviews with report sponsors, operators and enterprises

• Download the report on RCR Wireless News and Senza Fili website and sent to webinar participants

| 30 | © Senza Fili 2017 January 26, 2017

Senza Fili provides advisory support on wireless data technologies and services. At Senza Fili we have in depth expertise in financial modelling, market forecasts and research, white paper preparation, business plan support, RFP preparation and management, due diligence, and training. Our client base is international and spans the entire value chain: clients include wireline, fixed wireless, and mobile operators, enterprises and other vertical players, vendors, system integrators, investors, regulators, and industry associations. We provide a bridge between technologies and services, helping our clients assess established and emerging technologies, leverage these technologies to support new or existing services, and build solid, profitable business models. Independent advice, a strong quantitative orientation, and an international perspective are the hallmarks of our work. For additional information, visit www.senzafiliconsulting.com, or contact us at [email protected] or +1 425 657 4991.

Monica Paolini, PhD, is the founder and president of Senza Fili. She is an expert in wireless technologies and has helped clients worldwide to understand technology and customer requirements, evaluate business plan opportunities, market their services and products, and estimate the market size and revenue opportunity of new and established wireless technologies. She has frequently been invited to give presentations at conferences and has written several reports and articles on wireless broadband technologies. She has a PhD in cognitive science from the University of California, San Diego (US), an MBA from the University of Oxford (UK), and a BA/MA in philosophy from the University of Bologna (Italy). You can contact Monica at [email protected].

spectrum as a shared resource - agl (above ground … as a shared resource ... cisco vni global ip...

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