BLEND

PAUSE

STRESS

INTO

NATIO

N

RE

PO

RT

ED

BY :

J ER

OM

E O

RE

J AN

A &

MO

I SE

S

CA

T AI N

SPEAKING SKILLS

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BLEND

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WHAT IS BLENDING?

Blending is a process of combining related words in order to

produce smooth flow of speech.

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It is saying the words in phrase as if they were one word. In blending, the final consonant sound of a word is blended with the initial vowel sound of the next

word.

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WORDS ENDING W/ A CONSONANT

WORDS STARTING WITH A VOWEL

BIG ANT

NATIONAL ANTHEM

SOUTHERN AFRICA

EXERCISE1. The hardworking underdog is not

a coward.2. I stubbed my big toe on a stone.3. Catholicism has an enormous

influence on civilization.4. The all-around athlete is a

worthy idol.5. His ancestor across an old

coliseum.

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PAUSE

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The pause, is a short period of silence following a word

or a group of related words conveying a thought - a phrase.

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WHAT IS A PAUSE?

IMPORTANT POINTS ABOUT A PAUSE• A pause gives the listener the

chance to understand and remember what he has just heard.

• The reader has the double opportunity to breathe in quietly and to let his eye take in the words immediately ahead.

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• If the appropriate pause is made each of these vital ideas has the opportunity to sink in.

• An inexperienced or uninformed reader may pause wrongly and lose the whole impact and message of this tremendous verse.

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IMPORTANT POINTS ABOUT A PAUSE

A TIP FOR PAUSING

A single bar ( / ) indicates a stop after a phrase and a double ( / / ) bar a stop after a sentence.

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EXERCISEThe Department of Environment and

Natural Resources / has ordered a nationwide inventory of forest occupants / or upland farmers occupying public forest lands / as input to comprehensive forestation program / it is currently working on.//

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The Department of Environment and Natural Resources has ordered a nationwide inventory of forest occupants or upland farmers occupying public forest lands as input to comprehensive forestation program it is currently working on.

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EXERCISE

STRESS

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WHAT IS STRESS?

Stress is the emphasis given to a certain syllable

of a word.

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REMEMBER…

Stressed words are represented with (‘) or (^)

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RULES IN STRESSING

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One word has only one stress.

We can only stress vowels, not consonants.

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COMPUND WORDSThe first part of the compound

gets the stress.BlackboardNotebookBookstoreToothbrush

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 NOUN + NOUN COMPOUNDS (2-WORD COMPOUND NOUNS)

The first word--gets the stress.

Air ConditionNail PolishFrench Fry

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HOMOGRAPHS

Record vs. RecordPresent vs. Present

Progress vs. ProgressPermit vs. Permit

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NOUNS VERBS

Be Careful

!!!

STRESS QUIZ!

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Put a stress mark (^) or (‘) on the syllable that should be stressed.

ANSWERS!

1.PLAS / TIK

2.PHO / TO / GRA / PHY

3.CHI / NA

4.TE / LE / VI / SION

5.DE/ CIDE

6.UN / DER / STAND

7.HAP / PY

8.CRI / TI / CAL

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INTONATION

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WHAT IS AN INTONATION?

In Linguistics, intonation is the variation of speaking.

Intonation and stress are two main elements of linguistics

prosody. Intonation is the ”music” of a language, and is perhaps the most important element of a good accent.

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a. He is going tomorrow.

b. He is going tomorrow?

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The melody of sentence A drops at the end, making it a statement.

The melody of sentence B rises at the end, making it a question.

TYPES OF PITCH MOVEMENTS1.Shift – a pitch change between two Syllables.

2.Glide – a pitch within a syllable .

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TWO KINDS OF FINAL INTONATION PATTERNS

1.Falling – The pitch of the voice goes downward.

2.Rising – The pitch of the voice goes upward.

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USES OF FALLING INTONATION

A statement, a command or request .

A question which cannot be answered by yes or no.

A tag question expressing certainty.

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USES OF RISING INTONATION

 At the end of a yes / no question.After a phrase within a sentence.In enumerating persons, places

objects, etc.

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NUMBER 9 AND 10Write FI if the sentence should be in said in a falling intonation

and RI if it should be said in a rising intonation.

9. I am your father.10. Is this yours?

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