spiderwg der survey results planning impacts from...irina green, senior advisor, regional...

Irina Green, Senior Advisor, Regional Transmission,California ISO

NERC SPIDER Work Group MeetingMay 12, 2020

SPIDERWG DER Survey Results

ISO Public

Survey on DER Modeling Practices• SPIDER Modeling Sub-Group came up with the Survey

of DER Modeling Practices• A list of entities was created that included Balancing

Authorities, Planning Coordinators, Transmission Planners and other entities.– The requests to respond to the survey were send to

63 entities– The deadline was February 7, 2020– The responses received from 44 entities

• Some responses were incomplete, some questions not answered

ISO Public

Survey Questions

What is your company function? (was marked all that apply)

• Balancing Authority 20• Reliability Coordinator 10• Planning Coordinator 21• Transmission Operator 34• Transmission Owner 32• Transmission Planner 35• Resource Planner 26• Distribution Operator 27• Distribution Provider 31

ISO Public

Survey Questions

• What is the peak gross load of your area [MW]?• Over 20,000 MW 14• Between 10,000 MW and 20,000 MW 6• Between 5,000 MW and 10,000 MW 7• Between 1,000 MW and 5,000 MW 8• Between 500 MW and 1,000 MW 3• Less than 500 MW 6

ISO Public

Survey Questions

• What is the minimum gross load of your area [MW]?• Over 20,000 MW 2• Between 10,000 MW and 20,000 MW 5• Between 5,000 MW and 10,000 MW 9• Between 1,000 MW and 5,000 MW 11• Between 500 MW and 1,000 MW 2• Between 100 MW and 500 MW 6• Less than 100 MW 5• No response 4

ISO Public

Survey Questions

What technologies are included in the DER definition used when answering this survey?

• Solar PV only 9• Solar PV and wind 3• Solar PV and synchronous generators 3• Solar PV and storage 5• Solar PV, storage and wind 1• All kind of generation 17• All kind of generation and demand response 3• No response 3

ISO Public

Survey Questions

• What is the total capacity of DER connected to your system [MW]?• Over 5,000 MW 3• Between 1,000 MW and 5,000 MW 10• Between 500 MW and 1,000 MW 4• Between 100 MW and 500 MW 9• Between 50 and 100 MW 3• Between 10 and 50 MW 9• Less than 10 MW 5• No response 1These DER may be counted differently: Only solar PV, storage, all kind of generation, generation and demand response

ISO Public

Percentage of existing DER to load and how they are modeled

• Over 100% - 1, model DER as generators, also in dynamic

• Between 50% and 100% - 1, model as negative load, no tools

• Between 20% and 50% - 2, one model as negative load, no tools, the other one as generator or part of composite load model, in dynamic as 2nd generation renewable

• Between 10% and 20% - 10, In power flow all - 3, >1 MW - 2, >5 MW – 2, > 10 MW – 1, negative load – 2

In dynamics, don’t model - 5 no tools, or no data, model as DER_A and 2-nd generation renewable – 5 : 4 as gen, 1 both gen and composite load

ISO Public

Percentage of existing DER to load and how they are modeled - continued

• Between 5% and 10% - 8, In power flow all -2, >1 MW - 1, negative load – 5

In dynamics, don’t model – 8, no tools, or no data, no impact

• Between 1% and 5% -12, In power flow all – 2 as gen or composite load models, negative load – 10

In dynamics, don’t model –10, no tools, or no data, no impact, DER_A - 2

• Less than 1% - 9, don’t model DER -7, model in power flow and stability as generators -2, DER_A model

• No response 1

ISO Public

Survey QuestionsWhat is the 5-year forecast for DER capacity to be connected to your system in 2024 [MW]? (compared with existing)

existing future• > 5,000 MW 3 6• 1,000 - 5,000 MW 10 9• 500 - 1,000 MW 4 3• 100 - 500 MW 9 7• 50 - 100 MW 3 5• 10 - 50 MW 9 4• < 10 MW 5 2• No forecast N/A 7• No response 1 1

ISO Public

Survey Questions

• Have you observed widespread tripping of DER due to faults in operations? If yes, how much DER tripped? (can be estimated from change in net load if detailed data is not available)– Yes 5– No 39

• Have you observed shifting peak or light hours of net load due to increasing DER penetration level in planning timeframes or real-time/historical, for any sub-set of the system you are responsible for? – Yes 17– No 27

ISO Public

Survey Questions

• Do you receive any DER operational data (e.g., output of DERs)?– No 16– Yes, on a station level only 2– Yes, station, feeder and individual 2– Yes, on a feeder level only 0– Yes, feeder and individual 1– Yes, on an individual level with a size threshold 24

ISO Public

Survey Questions

How do you model DERs in load flow studies? (some overlap)‒ Negative load or embedded in your load forecast – 19

low amount of DER, no tools, no data

– Some negative load or embedded in your load forecast, some explicit -7

‒ Explicit representation of the aggregate DER as part of the load record - 5

‒ Explicit representation of the aggregate DER as a generator record (possibly behind a transformer) - 16

ISO Public

Survey QuestionsWhat is the MW threshold to explicitly model individual (or multiple) U-DERs in the base case?

‒ 0 MW to 1 MW 8

‒ > 1 MW 6

‒ > 5 MW 3

‒ > 10 MW 6

‒ Other threshold – all participating in market, or all on dedicated feeder (Included in 0 to 1 MW)

‒ Not modeled 21

ISO Public

Survey QuestionsWhat is the MW threshold to explicitly model aggregate R-DERs in load flow studies?

‒ 0 MW to 1 MW 9

‒ > 1 MW 6

‒ > 5 MW 0

‒ > 10 MW 1

‒ Other threshold. Please explain: all participating in market (Included in 0-1)

‒ Not modeled 28

ISO Public

Survey Questions

• How are DERs being aggregated in your system?

– Based on connection point only 10

– Based on size only 1

– Based on fuel type and connection point 3

– Based on size, fuel type, and connection point 6

– Not modeled or no response 24

ISO Public

Survey Questions

• Do you model DERs in dynamic studies?– Yes 11– No* 33

* if your answer is No, please provide the reason. – low amount of DER, don’t have models, don’t have tools, don’t have data

ISO Public

Survey Questions

Which DER model do you use in your dynamic studies? (some overlap)

‒ DER_A 8

‒ PV1 0

‒ PVD1 0

‒ First generation renewable models 1

‒ Second generation renewable models 4

‒ Other. Please explain. – in-house models 1

‒ Not modeled 33

ISO Public

Survey Questions

• Do you model distribution-connected energy storage in your system?‒ Yes 12‒ No 32 – no storage, no data, no tools

• How do you model energy storage in your system?– As a DER dispatched at maximum injection 2– Both scenarios at maximum injection and maximum

absorption 9– Other. Please explain – off-line 1

ISO Public

Conclusions

There are still not many entities that model DER, especially in dynamic stability

Even with large amount of DER they are netted with load The reason of not modeling DER: Low amount of DER Lack of data Lack of tools Lack of knowledge of the models

Significant amount of entities had peak shift because of DER, not many observed widespread DER tripping

ISO Public

QUESTIONS?COMMENTS?

Please send your comments to Irina [email protected]

spiderwg der survey results planning impacts from...irina green, senior advisor, regional...

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