sports injury psychology
DESCRIPTION
Sports Injury Psychology. David Smith MS ATC Sports Medicine 1. Injury. When the body is injured the mind is also affected Research shows that athletes who experience negative response to injury have a longer and more difficult recovery - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Sports Injury PsychologyDavid Smith MS ATC
Sports Medicine 1
InjuryWhen the body is injured the mind is also
affectedResearch shows that athletes who experience
negative response to injury have a longer and more difficult recovery
The nature of interaction with the coach, teammates, friends and ATC affect recovery either +/-
We must pay attention to the athletes MIND as well as their body to help them return to play
How to Treat an Injured AthletePsychologically the athlete will be
devastated after major injuryKeep athlete as involved as possible
during rehabMust be positive in your approach at
all timesSet Goals (Daily, Weekly, Monthly..)
How to Treat an Injured AthleteNever Lie to the athleteLet them know they are making
progressNever let them feel sorry for
themselvesKnow who you are dealing with
Psychological Reaction to Loss or InjuryDenial
Anger
Bargaining
Depression
Acceptance
Emotional First AidNormal Reaction
Be calm and reassuring
Over ReactionAllow athlete to vent
Under ReactionBe empatheticEncourage them to talk and express feelings
Psychological Response based on Length of Rehab
Short (<4 weeks)Reaction to Injury is Shock and ReliefReaction to Rehab is Impatience and OptimismReaction to Return is Eagerness and
Anticipation
Long (> 4 Weeks)Reaction to Injury is Fear and AngerReaction to Rehab is Loss of Interest, Irrational
Thoughts and AlienationReaction to Return is acknowledgement
Chronic (Recurring)Reaction to Injury is Anger and FrustrationReaction to Rehab is either a Dependence or
IndependenceReaction to Return is Confident or Skeptical
Termination (Career Ending)Reaction to Injury is Isolation and a Grief
ProcessReaction to Rehab is Loss of Athletic IdentityReaction to Not Returning is Closure and
Renewal
Example of Mark at UNM with ACL Injury
Considerations for the CoachA coaches perception of the athlete makes a
difference in that athletes recovery time and effort to come back
The coach needs to listen to the athlete beyond the complaining
Should listen for anger, depression or anxiety in their voice and actions
Considerations for the CoachNeglected athletes or treating them like
“outcasts” can contribute to an injury or re-injury.
Coaches who treat their players like they have no self worth when injured are not received well
Some coaches refuse to talk to the athlete or tell his teammates that he is “soft” or that he/she doesn’t want to play or isn’t tough enough
Return to PlayCoaches need to help the athlete when returning to play after injury not hinder them
It is the toughest part of the rehab process and the athlete will need encouragement
Return to Play“you have to play with pain”?“Give it up for the sport or my team”?
“I’m Invincible”?Lack of this attitude may make them viewed as not being a team player or they are weak
Things a Coach can do to help the AthletesEstablish a rapport with the athleteEarn the athletes trustEstablish good communicationHave an interest in the athlete prior
to injuriesBe a good listener
Things a Coach can do to help the AthletesLook the athletes in the eye to show
listeningDon’t neglect or ignore the athletesFacilitate social support of the teamInclude the athlete in their feelings
of return to play
Predictors Of Injury1) Injury Prone Athlete
Those who take risksTraits tend to be reservedDetached or tender minded ApprehensiveOver ProtectiveEasily distracted players
Predictors of Injury cont.2) Stress
May be Positive or NegativePositive are making all state teamNegative tend to lead to risk of injury
Negative examples are failing drug tests, not starting, costing the team the game
Predictors of Injury cont.These lead to lack of focus and increased muscle tension therefore leading to injury
Lack of Focus may lead to miscues
Increased Tension leads to pulls, tears or major injuries
Observing Stress in AthletesThe coach is often the 1st to realize the
athlete is becoming burned out, MUST back off!!
ATC must realize if the athlete enters the game or practice angry, frustrated or discouraged, can make them more prone to injury
What Causes Stress?Training too hard w/o rest (Overtraining)Coach who is like a drill sergeantLack of positive reinforcement and
encouragementNegative statementsUnreasonable expectations by self, coach,
parents, teammates
Interventions for Stress ReductionUnfortunately many coaches don’t have an
interest in or ability to work with athletes who need help
Coaches of smaller teams may notice if one of the athletes is having problems.
Interventions cont.If they notice something wrong refer them to
someone that can get them help.Need to do this quietly so it is not made a
team issue that may embarrass the athlete
Using BuffersBuffers are techniques that alleviate
symptoms but do not address the problems.Many athletes feel that the sport they play is
the ONLY POSITIVE thing in their life!!
Buffers cont.This activity gets them through the tough
times of extreme stressSome buffers that may help are Relaxation
techniques, imagery, exercise, reduction of caffeine, treatment for sleep disorders and time management programs.
Relaxation TechniquesThese allow athletes to control stress with a
series of deep breathing, voluntary muscle contractions and relaxation exercises
Athletes that are coping well on own should not be forced into these exercises
We will do these relaxation techniques as a class
ImageryImagery is the use of all senses to create or
recreate an experience in the mind.Visual rehearsal, emotive imagery rehearsal
and body rehearsalAthletes visualize their success in
competition beginning with basic skills to game situations
Body rehearsal helps the athlete in their healing process
Not all athletes respond to this technique
Create your own ImageryWe will now have you create your own imagery
I will give you some examples Now write your own imagery and hand inWrite your name and period on it