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SQL SERVER –Booklet 10- Gives you the interview tips in SQL Server

SQL SERVER Interview Questions-2014

KAASHIV INFOTECH

Welcomes you to the Expert Voice Corner

Mr.J.Venkatesan PrabuVenkatesan Prabu Jayakantham (venkat) has more than 8 years experience in the Microsoft Technologies such as VB.Net, ASP.Net, C#.net, SSIS, SSAS, ADO.Net, etc., He is the Managing Director of KAASHIVINFOTECH (http://www.kaashivinfotech.com/),a software company in Chennai. Before that, he worked in HCL Technologies (India and Australia) for six years as Project Lead. As a service motive, Venkat contributed more than 700 articles which is read by the developers in 170 countries (400 developers per day) (http://venkattechnicalblog.blogspot.com/). Aligned with KaaShiv InfoTech’s mission,he met more than 20,000 young minds and spreaded Microsoft Technologies / Career guidance programs. Venkat won many awards in his career, which includes Prestigious Microsoft MVP (Most Valuable Professional) award for the years 2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013 and won many awards. List of other awards in his career,

Microsoft certified Smart .Net Candidate in 2004 Most valuable member for dotnetspider site in 2007 HCL SQL Subject Matter expert (SME - SQL Server) for the year (2008,2009) HCL Special contribution award winner on Dotnet skills for year(2008) HCL SQL

Knowledge Champion for the year 2009 Mind Cracker MVP on SQLServer –2010 for the year 2010,2011 INETA champion - Gold Member – 2010 for the year 2010 HCL Service

Contribution Award for the year 2010 Leading Lights "Rising Star" award from Common Wealth Bank, Australia for the

year 2010

TECHNICAL CERTIFICATION

Cisco certified Network Associate (CCNA) – 2004 Microsoft Certified Application Developer (MCAD) – 2005

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to thank my family members for their support and encouragement. Without their support it would be impossible for me to publish this e-book. I would also like to thank my KaaShiv InfoTech team for their support to publish this e-book.

DISCLAIMER

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be copied, adapted, abridged or stored in any retrieval system, computer system, photographic or other system or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior written permission of the copyright holders. Any breach will entail legal action and permission without further notice.    

1. When sett ing Replication, can you have Distr ibutor on SQL Server 2005, Publisher on SQL Server 2008?No you cannot have a Distributor on a previous version than the Publisher.

2. When sett ing Replication, is it possible to have a Publisher as 64 Bit SQL Server and Distr ibutor or Subscribers as a 32 Bit SQL Server.Yes it is possible to have various configurations in a Replication environment.

3. What is the dif ference between dropping a database and taking a database off l ine?Drop database deletes the database along with the physical files, it is not possible to bring back the database unless you have a backup of the database. When you take a database offline, you the database is not available for users, it is not deleted physically, it can be brought back online.

4. Which autogrowth database sett ing is good?Setting an autogrowth in multiples of MB is a better option than setting autogrowth in percentage (%).

5. What are the dif ferent types of database compression introduced in SQL Server 2008?

Row compression and Page compression.

6. What are the dif ferent types of Upgrades that can be performed in SQL Server?In-place upgrade and Side-by-Side Upgrade.

7. What is Transparent Data Encryption?Introduced in SQL Server 2008 Transparent Data Encryption (TDE) is a mechanism through which you can protect the SQL Server Database files from unauthorized access through encryption. Also, TDE can protect the database backups of the instance on which TDE was setup.

8. Does Transparent Data Encryption provide encryption when transmitt ing data across network?No, Transparent Data Encryption (TDE) does not encrypt the data during transfer over a communication channel.

9. What are the operating modes in which Database Mirroring runs?Database Mirroring runs in 2 operating modes High-Safety Mode and High-Performance Mode.

10. What is the dif ference between the 2 operating modes of Database Mirroring (mentioned in above answer)?High-Safety Mode is to ensure that the Principal and Mirrored database are synchronized state, that is the transactions are committed at the same time on both servers to ensure consistency, but there is/might be a time lag.High-Performance Mode is to ensure that the Principal database run faster, by not waiting for the Mirrored database to commit the transactions. There is a slight chance of data loss and also the Mirrored database can be lagging behind (in terms being up to date with Principal database) if there is a heavy load on the Mirrored Server.

11.What is Log Shipping?

Log shipping is the process of automating the backup of database and transaction log files on a production SQL server, and then restoring them onto a standby server. Enterprise Editions only supports log shipping. In log shipping the transactional log file from one server is automatically updated into the backup database on the other server. If one server fails, the other server will have the same db and can be used this as the Disaster Recovery plan. The key feature of log shipping is that it will automatically backup transaction logs throughout the day and automatically restore them on the standby server at defined interval.

12. Name 3 ways to get an accurate count of the number of records in a table?

SELECT * FROM table1SELECT COUNT(*) FROM table1SELECT rows FROM sysindexes WHERE id = OBJECT_ID(table1) AND in did < 2 

13. What are the dif ferent data types available in SQL Server?Numeric: Stores numeric values.Monetary: It stores numeric values with decimal places. It is used specially for currency values.Data and Time: It stores date and time information.Character: It supports character based values of varying lengths.Binary: It stores data in strict binary (0 or 1) Representation.Special purpose: SQL Server contains Complex data types to handle the XML Documents, Globally unique identifiers etc. 14. What are the specialized data types in SQL Server?bit :Stores a 0, 1, or null. Used for basic “flag” values.TRUE is converted to 1, and FALSE is converted to 0.Timestamp: An automatically generated value. Each database contains an internal counter that designates a relative time counter not associated with an actual clock. A table can have only one time stamp column, which is set to the database timestamp when the row is inserted or modified.Unique identif ier: A 16-bit GUID used to globally identify a row across databases, instances, and servers.

sql_variant:  It can change the data type based on the data that is stored within it.Cursor:  Cursor is used by applications that declare cursors. It contains a reference to the cursor that can be used for operations. This data type cannot be used in a table.Table: It is used to hold a result set for subsequent processing. This data type cannot be used for a column. The only time you use this data type is when declaring table variables in triggers, stored procedures, and functions.Xml: It stores an XML document of up to 2 GB in size. You can specify options to force only well-formed documents to be stored in the column.

15. Which of the following has the highest order of precedence?Functions and ParenthesisMultiplication, Division and ExponentsAddition and SubtractionLogical Operations

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