CONTENT PAGE

AcknowledgementCHAPTER 1: Introduction1.0 Historical Background 11.1 Objective 21.2 Scope or Limitation of the Project 31.3 Problem Statement 3CHAPTER 2: Literature Review2.1 Overview 42.2 Microprocessor upon Home Cooling System 42.3 Light Detector System (Heat sensor) 52.4 Cooling System 62.4.1 Fan 62.5 Air Pump System 72.5.1 Air Pump Motor 7CHAPTER 3: Methodology3.0 Overview 83.1 Project Component 83.2 Block Diagram 93.3 Process Project Flow 9

3.3.1 Main Project Flow Chart 93.3.2 Hardware Part and Process Flow 103.3.3 Programming Design and Process Flow 113.3.4 Software Checking and process Flow 123.3.5 Overall Flow Chart 13

3.4 Circuit 143.4.1 Motor Pump Control 143.4.2 Fan Circuit 143.4.3 Heat Sensor Circuit 15

CHAPTER 4: Result and Discussion4.0 Overview 164.1 First Phase 174.2 Second Phase 174.3 Third Phase 184.4 Fourth Phase 184.5 Discussion and Result 19CHAPTER 5: Conclusion5.1 Summary 205.2 Constraints 205.3 Recommendation for Future 20 CHAPTER 6: Reference and Appendix 21

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Acknowledgement

First and foremost, I’d like to thank all who provided helpful suggestions for

improvement to project. I am deeply indebted to our lecturer and laboratory assistant from

University Malaysia Perlis who helped with the suggestion for me to get the suitable title of

Microprocessor Mini-Project for this semester. Also, thanks to Mr Abu Hassan Bin Abdullah as

our lecturer of subject ENT 288: Microprocessor, who always give us the supervisor learning in

term to give us more understanding about Microprocessor.

My colleagues from University Malaysia Perlis that support us in research work. I want

to thank them for all their help, support, interest and valuable hints. Lastly, thankfully to our

friends who helped out a lot during the making of this mini project even though we faced some

problems and difficulty. Thank you ever so much.

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CHAPTER 1: Introduction

1.0 Historical Background

1.1 Objective

To increase security and make the user feel safe.

The lock and intruder detection system can improve security .

To make the user feel more comfortable inside the room.

o Control the temperature inside the room.

o Control the light inside the room .

To control the fan automatically by receive the light at surrounding. The heat sensor

(LM35) will determine the level of heat that has been received.

o Made the users easier by no need changing or turn on the fan manually and it

can run continuously.

To complete the task ENT 373 by created a room management and security system.

o Students can more fully understanding the application of the Embedded

system and how Embedded system can help by doing this mini project.

1.2 Scope or Limitation of the Project

The scope of this mini project is divided into a tree main group. It is hardware, circuit

and program. There are systems that have been combining in the hardware part such as

security system, alarm, automatic light control and automatic fan control. The most important

of all after developed the sub programmes and combining them into one programme where

the main controller that include all the sub systems into one.

1.3 Problem Statement

There are several problems that need to solve by doing or complete this mini project.

1.3.1-It is the door when it`s using a normal locked is to be unlocked by

anyone else but by using password door system that will make it in somehow

more complicated to be unlocked and even if it is unlocked without entering

the correct password the buzzer will be on, so that the room will be more safe.

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1.3.2 -It is the user need to adjust and control the switch of fan and the light

manually. But with an automated speed fan and control light system, we can

save our time and energy because our system will act automatically according

to the situation.

CHAPTER 2: Literature Review

2.1 Overview

The project objective is to create a system that keep monitoring the keypad if the correct password is pressed then the door will open, the buzzer will be inactive, system will keep checking the condition of the light so if it is night, the light will be on while if it is day, the light will keep off, and also the LCD will display the value of the LM35 (temperature) every 10 seconds, finally the system will keep checking the temperature inside the room and according to the temperature it will control the fan speed where the speed of the fan will increase when the system receive more heat and vice versa. And if the door is unlocked by entering incorrect password the buzzer will be active.

2.2 Embedded system upon room management and security system.

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This paper discuss about how the implementation of the subject ENT 373, Embedded

system upon room management and security system can improve the knowledge in this

subject. As we know, the system is including the hardware process, circuit process and

programming process.

Since the home room management and security system is one of the important parts of

bringing out the safe and comfort ability and the harmony of room, it is important to know

what can be done in order to create password door system and control the temperature in the

room.

Although, the important thing of the Embedded system is to make the system be

automatically controlled by one switch and the system will adjust automatically based on the

user programming in it. This mini project is important to make the students exposed in

generate and creating new ideas in order to made them as a creative engineer.

2.3 4x4 keypad:

Keypad is an array of switch. There will be 2 wires connected each time a button is pressed.

For example; when button ‘1’ is pressed, pin col1 and row1 is connected. There is no

connection between rows and also columns. The buttons make it connect.

To scan which button is pressed, users need to scan it column by column and row by row.

Make rows as input and columns as output. For example; set all columns by default. 1st scan,

clear (logic low) column 1 and scan row1-row4 low logic, this will determine which button is

pressed in column1. If one of those buttons is pressed, record it and jump out from the

scanning loop and continue with the action required. If none button is pressed in column1, set

it back to default (logic high) and clear column2. Scan row1-row4 again and this will scan

button press of ‘2’, ‘5’, ‘8’ and ‘0’. And this process is being repeated until all four columns

being completed scanned.

For keypad wiring, keypad pins need to pull up or pull down to avoid floating case happen.

Pull up normally connect to 5V and pull down is connect to ground.

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2.4 BUZZER

This is a small 12mm round buzzer that operates around the audible 2kHz range. We drove it

directly from a 5V PIC to generate the tones for our Simon demonstration game. Use buzzers

to create simple music or user interfaces.

2.5 Heat Detector System (LM35 sensor)

A heat sensor passively collects infrared data and analyses it. A heat sensor works by

using pyroelectrical materials, which emit electrical impulses when heated or cooled. IR

radiation passes through the front of the device and comes into contact with a set of sensors

made of pyroelectrical plate, crystal or film. The electrical impulses from the sensors is then

collected and electronically turned into usable data. Thermal imaging and infrared vision uses

thermal-sensitive photodiodes to detect and process IR radiation. However, these are strictly

speaking not heat sensors, but are instead vision devices such as night vision aids or

thermographic cameras.

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Heat Sensor (LM35)

2.6 light-dependent resistor(LDR):

An LDR is made of a high-resistance semiconductor. If light falling on the device is of high enough frequency, photons absorbed by the semiconductor give bound electrons enough energy to jump into the conduction band. The resulting free electron (and its hole partner) conduct electricity, thereby lowering resistance.

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(LDR)

2.7 Liquid Crystal Display(LCD):LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen is an electronic display module and find a wide range of applications. A 16x2 LCD display is very basic module and is very commonly used in various devices and circuits. These modules are preferred over seven segments and other multi segment LEDs. A 16x2 LCD means it can display 16 characters per line and there are 2 such lines. In this LCD each character is displayed in 5x7 pixel matrix. This LCD has two registers, namely, Command and Data.

2.8 Fan

A fan is a powered device used to create flow within a gas, usually air. A fan consists

of a rotating arrangement of vanes or blades which act on the air. Usually it is

contained within some form of housing or case. This may direct the airflow or

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increase safety by preventing objects from contacting the fan blades. Most fans are

powered by electric motors, but other sources of power may be used.

Fans produce air flows with high volume and low pressure, as opposed

to compressors which produce high pressures at a comparatively low volume. A fan

blade will often rotate when exposed to an air stream, and devices that take advantage

of this, such as anemometers and wind turbines, often have designs similar to that of a

fan. Typical applications include climate control, vehicle and machinery cooling

systems, personal comfort (e.g., an electric table fan), ventilation, fume extraction,

winnowing (e.g., separating chaff of cereal grains), removing dust (e.g. in a vacuum

cleaner), drying (usually in combination with heat) and to provide draft for a fire. It is

also common to use electric fans as air fresheners, by attaching fabric softener sheets

to the protective housing. This causes the fragrance to be carried into the surrounding

air.

CHAPTER 3: Methodology

3.1 Overview

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The project is to design and build a password door system and automatic room

management. Where the system method act based on the according system to defined setting.

The system will open the door via the keypad, the system will also active the buzzer and

inactive it regarding to the setting defined, the system also will automatically turn on or off

the light regarding to the LDR sensor output and, and also the LCD will display the value of

the LM35 (temperature) every 10 seconds, finally the system will maintain or reduce the

temperature inside the house via fan and keep monitoring it. The speed of the fan will depend

on temperature value. If the value gets higher, the speed will increase and vice versa. At the

approximate value of temperature.

3.2 DESIGNING:

Since the main intension of this project is to design a securityDoor locks

system. In order to fulfill this application there are few steps that has been

performed i.e.

1) Designing the power supply for the entire circuitry.

2) Selection Key pad

.3) Selection of buzzer according to the requirements.

4) Selection of the suitable sensors for (temperature and lighting)...

5) Selection a suitable fan and LCD

Complete studies of all the above points are useful to develop this project

3.3 Project Component

1. PIC18f4580Use to control the system by programmed it.

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2. Heat sensor (LM35)Detect brightness from the sun upon the roof.

3. LDRTo check the light condition to control LED

4. LCDTO display temperature .

5. LEDDisplay the level speed of fan.

6. Fan To reduce temperature inside the room

3.4 Block Diagram

3.4 Flowchart

3.4.1 Main project flow chart

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PCPIC18F4580

LDR SENSOR

COOLING FANLED

LCD

BUZZER

KEYPAD

HEAT SENSOR

(LM35)

C

IS SENSOR

3.4.2 Hardware Part and Process Flow

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Star

Hardware Part and Process Flow

Programming design and Process Flow

Software Checking and Process Flow

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3.4.4 Software Checking and Process Flow

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3.4.5 Overall Flow Chart

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START

Initialize the inputs and outputs

LED ON Fan speed (40)

Check LM35Check LDR sensor

Buzzer on

If 27<T<40

If T=>40

If T<=27

If high enough frequency

User enter PW of open

Fan speed (30)Fan speed (20))

Door open

User enter PW of reset

END

Check keypad

Buzzer off

3.5 Circuit

3.5.1 keypad circuit

3.5.2 Fan Circuit

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3.5.3 Heat Sensor Circuit

3.5.3 LCD

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CHAPTER 4: Result and Discussion4.0 Overview

This chapter provides results that are obtained from experiment. The experimental results then will be discussed either the experimental is as good as the ideal or rather too differ from theoretical. The result will be shows and discussed.

Discussion and Result

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CHAPTER 5: Conclusion

5.1 Summary

The summary for this project, it shows on how the embedded system can be applied in

developing the room management and security system. The project came into being and the

result and idea of how to apply the information that was obtained from the knowledge after

studying the embedded system. This project can be improving more because today, more and

more manufacturers are using Microcontroller technology to improve their productivity and

reduce cost.

5.2 Constraints

5.3 Recommendation for future

CHAPTER 6: Reference and Appendix

[1] ASHRAE Terminology of HVAC&R, ASHRAE, Inc., Atlanta, 1991,

[2] Needham, Joseph (1991). Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 4: Physics and Physical Technology, Part 2, Mechanical Engineering. Cambridge University Press.

[4] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light_Dependent_Resistor

[6] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_fan

http://sensorwiki.org/doku.php/sensors/light-dependent_resistor

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Programming for PIC 18f4580

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