stab wounds pdf
TRANSCRIPT
AN APPROACH TO STAB WOUNDS
DR Y MAHOMED
MOST STABS ARE NOT SERIOUS , BUT MUST BE TAKEN SERIOUSLY
• WE WILL TRY TO COVER A BASIC APPROACH TO STABS
• HOW TO DEAL WITH A STAB WOUND
• WHEN TO BE WORRIED
A STAB IS LIKE ANY WOUND
• WOUNDS MUST BE KEPT CLEAN
• WOUNDS MUST BE DERIDED
• WOUNDS MUST BE FULLY ASSESSED
• WOUNDS MUST BE CLOSED PROPERLY
• A CLOSED, CLEAN WOUND IS A HAPPY WOUND
WHAT STEPS DO WE FOLLOW?
• EXPOSE THE WOUND
• CLEAN THE WOUND AND SURROUNDING AREA
• DRAPE THE WOUND
• STERILE EQUIPMENT IS VERY IMPORTANT
• GIVE LOCAL ANAESTHETIC
• DEBRIDE IF NECESSARY
• CLOSE WITH SUTURES,STAPLES OR TAPE
• DRESS THE WOUND WITH ANTISEPTIC
WE CAN USE THE MNEMONIC LACERATE
• L-LOOK AT THE WOUND
• A-ANAESTHETIC
• C-CLEAN THE WOUND
• E-EQUIPMENT(SET-UP)
• R-REPAIR WOUND
• A-ASSESS THE RESULTS
• T-TETANUS IMMUNIZATION
• E-EDUCATE ABOUT WOUND CARE
CUTE BABY TO MAKE US FORGET THE UGLY WOUND
SUTURES
• WE HAVE ABSORBABLE AND NON-ABSORBABLE
• BOTH CAN BE USED
• NON-ABSORBABLE LEAVES A BETTER SCAR
• ABSORBABLE EASIER FOR CHILDREN, BECAUSE IT DOESN’T HAVE TO BE REMOVED
INTERUPTED SUTURE
CONTINOUS SUTURE
STAPLES
SUBCUTICULAR SUTURE STERI-STRIPS
WOUND GLUE SEPTIC SUTURE WOUND
IF YOU HAVE A WEAK STOMACH PLEASE LOOK AWAY
THE NEXT SLIDE IS A BIT GRAPHIC
SCALP STABS• THEY OFTEN BLEED ALOT • A SKULL XRAY SHOULD BE DONE
IF ITS DEEP • LUCKILY WE HAVE THICK SKULLS
SO IT’S DIFFICULT FOR A BLADE TO PENETRATE, BUT NOT IMPOSSIBLE
NECK STAB WOUNDS
• THERE ARE 3 ZONES
• IF THE PLATYSMA IS VIOLATED THE SURGEONS MUST BE INVOLVED
• THESE PATIENTS CANT BE SUTURED AND SENT HOME
• WHY?
THERES A LOT THAN CAN BE
DAMAGED!!MOST OF THESE STRUCTURES ARE
QUITE CLOSE TO THE SURFACE , DAMAGE TO THEM HAS
SERIOUS ,AND SOMETIMES FATAL ,CONSEQUENCES
CHEST STAB WOUNDS
• POTENTIALLY VERY DANGEROUS
• MAY INJURE HEART, LUNGS, MAJOR VESSELS, LYMPHATICS
• MUST BE X-RAYED EVEN IF THEY SEEM NOT SO SERIOUS
A PNEUMOTHORAXI.E A COLLAPSED LUNG DUE TO A STAB WOUND
ABDOMINAL STABSPOTENTIAL FOR INJURY TO MANY STRUCTURES
IF YOU HAVE A WEAK STOMACH PLEASE LOOK AWAY
THE NEXT SLIDE IS A BIT GRAPHIC
PENETRATING WOUNDS
BOWEL EVISCERATION
BOWEL EVISCERATION
FREE AIRTHIS IS UNDER THE DIAPHRAGM, A SIGN OF BOWEL INJURY
IT IS A MEDICAL EMERGENCY
SOME OTHER AREAS OF
IMPORTANCEANTERIOR ASPECT OF THE BODY
MAJOR VESSELS RUN
IN THESE AREAS
SOMETIMES THERE MAY BE SIGNIFICANT INJURY WITHOUT
MASSIVE BLEEDING
OTHER AREAS OF
IMPORTANCEPOSTERIOR ASPECT
THESE ARE OFTEN MISSED EVEN BY EXPERIENCED DOCTORS!!
• FROM TOP TO BOTTOM
• SPINAL COLUMN
• ABDOMEN, KIDNEYS, AORTA
• MAJOR NERVES AND VESSELS OF THE BUTTOCK
• POPLITEAL ARTERY BEHIND KNEE
• TENDONS OF THE HAND
TAKE HOME MESSAGE• STABS ARE SERIOUS
• SEVERE INJURIES CAN BE MISSED
• ALL OF US CAN BE VIGILANT AND GUIDE ONE ANOTHER
• DONT BE AFRAID TO APPROACH COLLEAGUES IF YOU THINK SOMETHING HAS BEEN MISSED
• KEEP THINGS CLEAN
• TRY NOT TO STAB PEOPLE TOO OFTEN, CASUALTY IS ALREADY BUSY ENOUGH!!
• REMEMBER , LIFE IS BEAUTIFUL, DONT LET SOME OF THE HORRIBLE THINGS WE SEE MAKE YOU FORGET THAT
THANK YOU