state of the art controls for particulate, so 2 , so 3 and ... · pdf filebelco ’s...
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State of The Art ControlsState of The Art Controls
For For
Particulate, SOParticulate, SO22 , SO, SO33 and NOand NOXX
EDVEDV®® Wet Scrubbing SystemWet Scrubbing SystemReducing Particulate, SO2, SO3 and NOx all in a single vessel
BELCOBELCO ’’s Scrubber Projectss Scrubber Projects
EDVEDV®® Wet Scrubbing SystemsWet Scrubbing Systems
�� Fluid CokersFluid Cokers
�� HeatersHeaters
�� SRU Tail Gas SRU Tail Gas
�� IncineratorsIncinerators
�� Power BoilersPower Boilers
�� FCCUFCCU’’ss
The EDVThe EDV®®Wet Scrubbing System experience Wet Scrubbing System experience
extends to more than 300 installations extends to more than 300 installations
worldwide covering many type of applications worldwide covering many type of applications
including:including:
BELCO® ’s List of Scrubbing Experience
In Refineries� North America (32)
• Valero (7)
• Coastal
• Marathon/Ashland (2)
• Quakerstate (Pennzoil)
• Irving Oil
• Motiva
• Conoco Phillips (5)
• Premcor (4) (now Valero)
• Shell Oil
• Lion Oil
• Citgo (3)
• Sunoco (2)
• BP
• Placid
• Frontier
� India (8)• IOCL (4)• ESSAR• HPCL (3)
� Other (18)• Taiwan - Formosa (2),Chinese Petroleum
• Korea – SK, GS Caltec
• Qatar – NODCO, Al Shaheen
• Italy – Eni S.p.A.
• Norway – ESSO
• Switzerland – Tamoil
• Saudi Arabia - SAMREF
• Russia – GAZPROM
• Philippines –Petron
• Belgium – Total
• Thailand – Star Petroleum
• Brazil – Petrobras REFAP
• China – Petrochina, Sinopec
67 EDV Wet Scrubbing Systems in Refineries
( 58 of which are on FCCU applications )
67 EDV 67 EDV WetWet ScrubbingScrubbing Systems in Systems in RefineriesRefineries
( 58 of ( 58 of whichwhich are on FCCU applications )are on FCCU applications )
(Typical Upflow Configuration)EDVEDV®® WetWet ScrubbingScrubbing
Quench
Section
Absorber
Section
Droplet
Separators
(built inside
scrubber)Filtering
Modules
Nozzles
form Spray
Curtains
Stack
EDVEDV Wet ScrubbingWet ScrubbingQuench & Spray Tower
Absorber/Spray
Tower SectionQuench
Section
EDVEDV Wet ScrubbingWet ScrubbingSpray Tower
�� Coarse PM, SOCoarse PM, SO22 & SO3 (plus NO& SO3 (plus NOxx when when
LoTOxLoTOxTMTM is applied)is applied)
�� High Liquid / Gas Contact High Liquid / Gas Contact
Cross Sectional Dense Water/Reagent Cross Sectional Dense Water/Reagent
Curtains Curtains
SO2 & NOx Absorption/PM &SO3 SO2 & NOx Absorption/PM &SO3
ImpactionImpaction
�� Staged Approach for More Reliable Staged Approach for More Reliable
scrubbingscrubbing
�� Open Tower Open Tower
�� Continuously Washed Walls for Self Continuously Washed Walls for Self
CleaningCleaning
�� No Mist FormationNo Mist Formation
�� Low Pressure Drop (No Pressure Drop Low Pressure Drop (No Pressure Drop
Design is also Available)Design is also Available)
X -Section
GG®® NozzleNozzle
EDVEDV®® Wet ScrubbingWet Scrubbing
Creates a Dual
Reagent Spray by
means of a
Declining Trough
Design
(G(G®®--400 Nozzle) Cross Section400 Nozzle) Cross Section
EDVEDV®® WetWet ScrubbingScrubbing
GG®® NozzleNozzle
EDVEDV®® Wet Scrubbing System Wet Scrubbing System
Plan ViewPlan View Side ViewSide View
Multiple GMultiple G®® Nozzle OperationNozzle Operation
FilteringFiltering ModulesModules
EDVEDV®® WetWet ScrubbingScrubbing
Filtering
Modules
�� Fine PM & SOFine PM & SO33 Mist CollectionMist Collection�� By Acceleration, Adiabatic By Acceleration, Adiabatic
Expansion and Super SaturationExpansion and Super Saturation
�� CondensationCondensation
�� Particle Size GrowthParticle Size Growth
�� FiltrationFiltration
�� Open / Self CleaningOpen / Self Cleaning
�� NonNon--plugging Design plugging Design
�� No Mist FormationNo Mist Formation
�� Low Pressure DropLow Pressure Drop
EDVEDV®® Filtering ModuleFiltering ModuleCondensation & FiltrationCondensation & Filtration
Condensation & Agglomeration of Fine Particulate & Sulfuric Acid Mist
Cleaned Gas on to
Droplet Separation
Gas Inlet
Cleaned Gas on to
Droplet Separation
Liquid to Spray
EDVEDV®® 6000 Filtering Module6000 Filtering ModuleVery Efficient Fine Particulate ControlVery Efficient Fine Particulate Control
Fine Particulate
Fine Particulate
Encased in large
water droplet
Liquid to Spray
Removal of Excess Water Removal of Excess Water Droplets withoutDroplets without
mist eliminatorsmist eliminators
EDVEDV®® WetWet ScrubbingScrubbing
DropletDroplet SeparatorsSeparators
EDVEDV®® WetWet ScrubbingScrubbing
Droplet
Separators
EDVEDV®® Droplet SeparatorDroplet Separator
�� Removes Droplets Removes Droplets
Carryover From Gas Carryover From Gas
StreamStream
�� Low Pressure DropLow Pressure Drop
�� NonNon--Plugging DesignPlugging Design
�� Open /Self CleaningOpen /Self Cleaning
�� No Mists EliminatorsNo Mists Eliminators
�� No Moving PartsNo Moving Parts
Droplet SeparatorsDroplet SeparatorsEDVEDV®® Wet Scrubbing SystemWet Scrubbing System
(for EDV(for EDV®® 5000 and 6000 5000 and 6000
models only)models only)
EDVEDV®® Scrubbing Scrubbing
System System
Two Simple Two Simple
Process FlowsProcess Flows
DIRTY FLUE GAS FROM FCCDIRTY FLUE GAS FROM FCC
EDV EDV
ABSORBERABSORBER
CLEAN GAS OUTCLEAN GAS OUT
OVERFLOW DRAINSOVERFLOW DRAINS
EDVEDV®® FILTERING FILTERING MODULESMODULES (for EDV (for EDV
5000, 6000 and 6600 5000, 6000 and 6600 models only)models only)
EDVEDV®® DROPLET DROPLET SEPARATORSSEPARATORS
EDVEDV®®
STACKSTACK
LCLC
FCFCMAKEUP MAKEUP WATERWATER
FCFC
FCFC
pHCpHC
pHCpHC
ReagentReagent
FCFC SLIPSTREAM TO
PURGE TREATMENT UNIT
(This loop is for EDV(This loop is for EDV®® 5000, 6000 and 6600 models only)5000, 6000 and 6600 models only)
EDVEDV®® QUENCHQUENCH
EDV EDV
QUENCHQUENCH
Treatment of Scrubber PurgeTreatment of Scrubber Purge
Purge Treatment Unit
EDV® Wet Scrubbing
Purge
Treatment Unit
TypTyp. Purge Treatment Unit . Purge Treatment Unit -- PFD with Settling BinPFD with Settling BinEDVEDV®® Wet ScrubbingWet Scrubbing
SCRUBBER
PURGE
FLOCCULENTCLARIFIER UNDERFLOW
TANK
UNDERFLOW
PUMP
FILTER PRESS
AIR BLOWEROXIDATION TOWERS
OVERFLOW
PUMP
OVERFLOW
TANK
EFFLUENT
DISCHARGE
CAUSTIC
ADDITION
SETTLING BINS
50% Solids
�� Discharge of Scrubber Water Discharge of Scrubber Water
�� Reduction of Suspended Solids (TSS) down to Reduction of Suspended Solids (TSS) down to
below 200 ppmbelow 200 ppm
�� Reduction of Chemical Oxygen Demand from Reduction of Chemical Oxygen Demand from
Sulfites ( COD) down to below 100 ppmSulfites ( COD) down to below 100 ppm
�� More Stringent Effluent Specifications can More Stringent Effluent Specifications can
be met if requiredbe met if required
Purge Treatment Unit Purge Treatment Unit ---- EffluentEffluent
EDVEDV®® Wet Scrubbing SystemWet Scrubbing System
Easily Modified for NOEasily Modified for NOxx
Control with LoTOxControl with LoTOxTMTM
-- Low Temperature Oxidation Low Temperature Oxidation
--
LoTOxTM is a trademark of the BOC Group
EDVEDV®® WetWet ScrubbingScrubbing
LoTOLoTOxxTMTM Installation on an FCCUInstallation on an FCCU
EDVEDV Wet Scrubber with LoTOWet Scrubber with LoTOxxTMTM
NOx
Removal
SO2& Particulate Removal
Fine ParticulateRemoval
Water DropletSeparation
OzoneOzone
InjectionInjection
NO, NONO, NOxxConversion Conversion to Nto N22OO55
NN22OO55Conversion to Conversion to HNOHNO33 and and
Scrubbing by Scrubbing by EDV NozzlesEDV Nozzles
��Ozone Injection after Ozone Injection after
QuenchQuench
��Conversion to NConversion to N22OO55
��Conversion to Nitric AcidConversion to Nitric Acid
��Conversion to a Nitrate Conversion to a Nitrate
by contact with scrubber by contact with scrubber
reagentreagent
��Nitrates removed with Nitrates removed with
Scrubber PurgeScrubber Purge
EDVEDV®® Wet Scrubbing SystemWet Scrubbing System
With LoTOxWith LoTOxTM TM injectioninjection
EDVEDV®® Wet Scrubbing SystemWet Scrubbing System
With LoTOxWith LoTOxTMTM injectioninjection
Simplified LoTOxSimplified LoTOxTM TM ChemistryChemistry
��NO + ONO + O33 �������� NONO22 + O+ O22
��2NO2NO22 + O+ O33 �������� NN22OO55 + O+ O22
��NN22OO55 + H+ H22O O �������� 2 HNO2 HNO33
��HNOHNO33 + NaOH + NaOH �������� NaNONaNO33 + H+ H22OO
LoTOLoTOxxTMTM Installation on an FCCUInstallation on an FCCUOzone Injection PipingOzone Injection Piping
LoTOLoTOxxTMTM Installation on an FCCUInstallation on an FCCUOzone Injection PipingOzone Injection Piping
(for EDV(for EDV®® 6000)6000)
EDVEDV®® Scrubbing Scrubbing
System PFD System PFD
w/LoTOx (Only w/LoTOx (Only
Ozone Injection Ozone Injection
added)added)
DIRTY FLUE GAS FROM FCCDIRTY FLUE GAS FROM FCC
EDV EDV
ABSORBER ABSORBER
w/RESIDENCE w/RESIDENCE
TIMETIME
CLEAN GAS OUTCLEAN GAS OUT
EDVEDV®® FILTERING FILTERING MODULESMODULES
EDVEDV®® DROPLET DROPLET SEPARATORSSEPARATORS
EDVEDV®®
STACKSTACK
LCLC
FCFCMAKEUP MAKEUP WATERWATER
FCFC
FCFC
pHCpHC
pHCpHC
ReagentReagent
FCFC SLIPSTREAM TO
PURGE TREATMENT UNIT
(This loop is for EDV(This loop is for EDV®® 6000 6000
EDV QUENCHEDV QUENCH
Ozone Ozone
InjectionInjection
LoTOxLoTOxTMTM Commercial Applications
TBDTBD
TBDTBD
1st Quarter 1st Quarter ‘‘08089090--165ppm/10ppm165ppm/10ppm
30,000 bpsd30,000 bpsd
______________________
40,000 bpsd40,000 bpsd
______________________
80,000lbs/hr80,000lbs/hr
Placid Refining, LAPlacid Refining, LA
________________________________
Alliance Alliance –– ThailandThailand
________________________________
Linden, NJLinden, NJ
Refinery FCCU (PreRefinery FCCU (Pre--Invested for LoTOx) Invested for LoTOx)
__________________________________________________________________________
Refinery FCCU (preRefinery FCCU (pre--invested for LoTOx)invested for LoTOx)
__________________________________________________________________________
Sulfuric Acid Regeneration with LoTOxSulfuric Acid Regeneration with LoTOx
July, 2007July, 2007100100--200ppm/10ppm200ppm/10ppm130,000 bpsd130,000 bpsdTexas City, TXTexas City, TXRefinery FCCURefinery FCCU--EDV w/ Integral LoTOx EDV w/ Integral LoTOx
Dec. , 2007Dec. , 2007100100--150ppm/8ppm150ppm/8ppm60,000 bpsd60,000 bpsdTexas City, TXTexas City, TXRefinery FCCU LoTOx retrofit to ext. EDVRefinery FCCU LoTOx retrofit to ext. EDV
April, 2007April, 2007100100--150ppm/10ppm150ppm/10ppm58,000 bpsd58,000 bpsdHouston, TXHouston, TXRefinery FCCURefinery FCCU--EDV w/ Integral LoTOx EDV w/ Integral LoTOx
TBDTBD150ppm/20ppm150ppm/20ppm40,000 bpsd40,000 bpsdEl Dorado, KSEl Dorado, KSRefinery FCCU (PreRefinery FCCU (Pre--Invested for LoTOx)Invested for LoTOx)
February, 2007February, 20077070--100ppm/10ppm100ppm/10ppm52,000 bpsd52,000 bpsdTexas City, TXTexas City, TXRefinery FCCURefinery FCCU--LoTOx retrofit to ext. EDVLoTOx retrofit to ext. EDV
TBDTBD28,000 bpsd28,000 bpsdThree Rivers, TexasThree Rivers, TexasRefinery FCCU (PreRefinery FCCU (Pre--Invested for LoTOx)Invested for LoTOx)
TBDTBD40,000 bpsd40,000 bpsdArdmore, OklahomaArdmore, OklahomaRefinery FCCU (PreRefinery FCCU (Pre--Invested for LoTOx)Invested for LoTOx)
June, 2007June, 20077070--100ppm/10ppm100ppm/10ppm20,000 bpsd20,000 bpsdArkansasArkansasRefinery FCCU (PreRefinery FCCU (Pre--Invested for LoTOx)Invested for LoTOx)
February ‘0250ppm / 10ppm--Southern CaliforniaLead Smelting
February ‘001000-3400ppm100ppm--PennsylvaniaSS Pickling Process
October ’01200ppm / 10ppm25 MWOhioCoal Fired Power Plant
January ‘0230-40ppm / 4ppm1000 HPSouthern CaliforniaGas Fired Boiler
1997150-70-30ppm /
2-5ppm
400 HPSouthern CaliforniaGas Fired Boiler
StartStart--upupNONOxx In / OutIn / OutCapacityCapacityLocationLocationApplicationApplication
EDV Wet Scrubbing PerformanceEDV Wet Scrubbing Performance
In a Single Process UnitIn a Single Process Unit
Typical Emission Values: Typical Emission Values:
Particulate Particulate -- Less than 50mg/Nm3Less than 50mg/Nm3
SO2 SO2 -- Less than 20ppmLess than 20ppm
SO3 SO3 -- 80% removal plus80% removal plus
NOx NOx -- Less than 20ppmLess than 20ppm
Performance values based on numerous Oil Industry Performance values based on numerous Oil Industry applications applications
ConventionalSodium orMagnesiumBased
ConventionalCalcium Based
LABSORB®Regenerative Based
ReagentHandling
Liquid mixing ,pumping andmetering
Solids handling withslurry mixing, pumpingand metering
Liquid mixing, pumpingand metering
Sulfur By-Product
Sulfate salts in awater solution(discharge ordry/sell)
Dry calcium sulfatesolids / gypsum(sell or landfill)
High Purity andStrength SO2
(SRU feed orprocess/sell)
Reagent Costs(operating)
Higher Medium Lower
Reliability High Low High
Capital Costs Lower Medium Higher
Reagent OptionsReagent Options
EDVEDV®® Wet Scrubbing SystemWet Scrubbing System
LABSORBLABSORBTMTM :: a a regenerativeregenerative
approachapproach
aa wet process that absorbs SOwet process that absorbs SO22 via a via a recyclablerecyclable solutionsolution ((““bufferbuffer””))
StackStack
Absorber/Absorber/
ScrubberScrubber
BufferBuffer
regenerationregeneration
systemsystem
CleanClean
flue gasflue gas
Flue gasFlue gas
from Boilerfrom Boiler
Lean buffer Lean buffer
(regenerated) (regenerated)
Rich (SO2) bufferRich (SO2) buffer
Purge streamPurge stream
To Waste Water TreatmentTo Waste Water Treatment
Solid wasteSolid waste
To DisposalTo Disposal
Buffer makeupBuffer makeup
WaterWater
makeupmakeup
SOSO2 2 to Sulfur to Sulfur
Recovery UnitRecovery Unit
oror
Sulfuric Acid Plant Sulfuric Acid Plant
oror
SOSO22 CompressorCompressor
oror
DisposalDisposal
Uses EDV® Technology to Scrub Particulates, SO2 and SO3 in
Flue/Process Gas Streams.
Utilizes an Aqueous Solution of Sodium Phosphate as Scrubbing
Buffer for the Absorption of SO2.
Minimizes Operating Costs by Regenerating the Scrubbing Buffer
Using Low Pressure Steam.
Produces a By-Product (a greater than 90% concentrated SO2 stream
that can be used as feed to a SRU, Sulfuric Acid Plant, SO2
Compressor or for other applications.)
Virtually Eliminates Liquid Effluent Discharge from Scrubber.
Installed at Multiple Commercial Sites
RegenerativeRegenerative Wet Wet ScrubbingScrubbing: : WhatWhat isis itit??LABSORBLABSORBTMTM
Basic LABSORBBasic LABSORBTM TM Regenerative Regenerative
ProcessProcess
Scrubbing Side Regeneration Side
Recovered SO2
Cleaned Gas
Absorber
Quencher
Prescrubber
Flue Gas
Pre-Scrubber Purge
Condenser
Stripper
Vapor/Liquid Separator
LP Steam
Heat Exch.
Condensate
Buffer
Make-Up
Buffer
Tank
Sulfate
Removal Oxidation Product
Removal
GASGAS
OUTOUT
LABSORBLABSORBTMTM Absorber and Full PreAbsorber and Full Pre--
scrubber scrubber -- PFDPFD
GAS INGAS IN
LC
MakeMake--UpUp
WaterWater
PREPRE--SCRUBBERSCRUBBER
(EDV(EDV®® 6000)6000)
PrePre--ScrubberScrubber
Purge to ClarifierPurge to ClarifierFC
FILTERINGFILTERING
MODULESMODULES
DROPLETDROPLET
SEPARATORSSEPARATORS
FC
Lean BufferLean Buffer
From Regeneration PlantFrom Regeneration Plant
FC
Rich Buffer To Rich Buffer To
Regeneration PlantRegeneration Plant
FC
LABSORBTM
Regeneration
Plant
SOSO22
Why Regenerative Wet Why Regenerative Wet
Scrubbing Scrubbing ??CONVENTIONALSCRUBBINGTECHNOLOGY
“BELCO LABSORB”REGENERATIVESCRUBBING
Liquid Effluent DischargeOr Solids Discharge
Virtuall no Liquid Effluent or Solid Waste Disposal
Lower Investment Cost
Relatively High Operating Cost
Higher Investment Cost(Investment Payback is
Short Term)
Low Chemicals Cost/ Acceptable Steam Requirement
Thank You!Thank You!
For more information:For more information:
Garrett Garrett BillemeyerBillemeyer
Belco Technologies CorporationBelco Technologies Corporation
9 9 EntinEntin RoadRoad
ParsipinanyParsipinany, NJ 07054, NJ 07054
Tel. 972Tel. 972--515515--89028902
Email: Email: [email protected]@belcotech.com