Mangrove Summit Ateneo de Manila Oct. 23-24, 2014

Olive Ebido-Gregorio; Oscar E. Empeno, Jr.

Bani MPA 50 hectares including buffer zone 31.8% hard coral cover 161 fish per 250 sq. m. 10.9 mt per sq. km.

Taklobo Farm MPA 42% hard coral cover 275 fish per 250 sq.m. 40.8 mt per sq. km.

Panglit MPA 115 hectares 33.2% hard coral cover 126 fish per 250 sq. m. 4.1 mt per sq. km.

San Salvador MPA 127 hectares 33.5% hard coral cover 273 fish per 250 sq. m. 41.3 mt per sq. km.

Total land area of 33,150

hectares

Total coastal length of

42.2 km

Marine Protected Area of

7,560 hectares declared

under NIPAS Act

11 out of 13 barangays

are located along the

coastal areas

Inhibited by 47,210

Masinloqueños

26% of the

Masinloquenos are

highly dependent on

coastal resources for

their daily living

Masinloc at a Glance

Mangrove Ecosystem

Declining mangrove area from 261 hectares in 1998 to only 177.35 hectares in 2005 (natural stand and rehabilitated) due to unregulated conversion

82.9 hectares of mangrove swamps need to be rehabilitated

Mangrove areas are habitat for crustaceans and seagulls among others

Mangrove areas are also shelter for juveniles fish, sea cucumber and other marine species

Masinloc Mangrove Data as of 2012 Mangrove Conversion Area Converted

converted into Fish Pond

101 hectare

Converted into Residential Area

29 hectare

Reclamation for other purposes

57 hectare

Abandoned Fish Pond into Mangrove Rehabilitation Project

7 hectare

Abandoned Fish Pond with mangrove new regeneration

18 hectare

Source: Sikat Survey 2012

Core Zone: 22.6 has Buffer Zone: 68.5 has.

Mangrove Reserve Zone: 8.79 has Seagrass Zone:15.61 has

Total of 115.5 has

Chart 3. Percentage Distribution of Species

Encountered

Legally Established: Brgy. Ord. 02-06 Municipal Ordinance – 92-08 MPA Expansion: May 2011

Hybrid Species in the area: Rhizophora x lamarckii

0

50

100

150

Crown Cover (%)

Ave. Height (m)

Regeneration/m² (No. of Seedlings)

Mangrove Forest Assessment –

Fair Condition

ICRMP Mangrove Rehabilitation Project

Area and Location

Benefiaries Total Amount Status SPECIES PLANTED

9 has in San Salvador 3 has in Taltal 3 has in Bani

Samahang Pangkabuhayan ng San Salvador STFVA BDFA

P375,000.- Completed – 80% Survival Rate

Rhizophora Apiculata Bakauan Lalaki

Rhizophora Mucronata/BBabae

Kalapini - Avicenia Alba

41 has in Panglit, San Lorenzo, Sto. Rosario, Bamban

SAMMPA P902,000.- Completed – 85% Survival Rate

-Deforestation, -Charcoal Making,

- forest fire -Agricultural run-off

-Illegal construction of Fish Cages

-Proliferation of informal settlers

- Coastal Development -Improper waste disposal - Sedimentation, siltation

Conversion of Mangrove into fish

pond

Aggravated by Climate Change

0 5 10 15 20

Frequent storm/typhoon

Sedimentation from uplands

Tidal movement

Construction of fish cage/pen

Frequent coastal flooding

Shoreline retreat/recede

Land subsidence

Shoreline erosion

Infrastructure

melting of polar ice

accretion

Global warming

Climate change

Perceived causes of sea level rise

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Experienced house evacuation

Threat to health

celebration of important events

Decision making & Way of life

Social Impacts of sea level rise to coastal households

Barangay Bani

Aggravated by Climate Change: Vulnerability Assessment on

Coastal Integrity

Site

Exposure

Sensitiv

ity

Pote

ntial Im

pact

Adap

tive C

apacity

Vuln

era

bili

ty

San Salvador M M M H L

Poblacion M M M M M

San Lorenzo L M L H L

Bani M M M M M 14

Low exposure in San Lorenzo as it is located in the interior of Oyon Bay protected relatively sheltered by San Salvador Island

Relatively high AC in San Salvador and San Lorenzo because there are few or no coastal developments being done

Fisheries

Site E

xposure

Sensitiv

ity

Pote

ntial Im

pa

ct

Adaptive C

apacity

Vu

lnera

bili

ty

San Salvador M H H M H

Poblacion M L L L M

San Lorenzo M H H M H

Bani H M H M H

15

Exposure for SST is relatively higher in Bani because of the thermal effluents of the power plant SS and SL have higher sensitivities because of their higher fisheries dependence on reef fishes. Poblacion have the lowest AC because of the poor habitat condition and low abundance of fish adults and juveniles.

Reef Fish

Site E

xposure

Sensitiv

ity

Pote

ntial Im

pact

Adaptive C

apacity

Vuln

era

bili

ty

San Salvador M M M H L

Poblacion M L L M L

San Lorenzo M M M M M

Bani H M H M H

16

Poblacion has the least sensitivity because it has a very low reef fish abundance. SS has a high adaptive capacity because of a large extent of coral reefs and the presence of healthy adjacent habitats.

Socio-Economic

Site E

xposure

Sensitiv

ity

Pote

ntial Im

pact

Adaptive C

apacity

Vu

lnera

bili

ty

San Salvador M M M M M

Poblacion M M M H L

San Lorenzo M M M M M

Bani H M M H L

17

Bani and Poblacion both have high AC because fishers in the area have other sources of livelihood. They also have higher cumulative income from other sources.

VULNERABILITY CIA FIA RFA SEA

BANI M H H M

SAN LORENZO L H M M

SAN SALVADOR L H L M

POBLACION M M L L

ADAPTIVE CAPACITY CIA FIA RFA SEA

BANI M M M H

SAN LORENZO H M M M

SAN SALVADOR H M H M

POBLACION M L M H

SENSITIVITY CIA FIA RFA SEA

BANI M M M M

SAN LORENZO M H M M

SAN SALVADOR M H M M

POBLACION M L L M

VULNERABILITY

BANI High vulnerability in reef fish and fisheries

but medium socio economic

SAN LORENZO High vulnerability fisheries but medium

vulnerability reef fish

SAN SALVADOR High vulnerability fisheries but low

vulnerability reef fish

POBLACION Medium vulnerability fisheries, low in reef

fish and socio-econ

BANI

SAN LORENZO

SAN SALVADOR

POBLACION 18

HIGH

MED

LOW

HIGH MED LOW

CA

PA

CIT

Y

URGENCY

San Lorenzo: Livelihood support - ecotourism, poultry,

sea ranching

Poblacion: Registry and allocation of fishing effort

San Salvador: Open and

Closed season for rabbitfish

Poblacion: Solid waste

management

Bani: Identification of fisher and resource status

San Salvador: Capacity

building of reef stewards

San Lorenzo: Financial support for improvement of sea cucumber ranching

and MPA integration

San Salvador: Livelihood support for

fisher stewards

San Lorenzo: Capacity building - strengthening of

organizations

Poblacion: Capacity building,

diversification and strengthening of

livelihood

Bani: Expansion of reserve

for sea ranching

Bani: Alternative livelihood - MRF, composting

19

Aggravated by Governance issues Lack of comprehensive livelihood

development program that would encompass aspects of capacity building (entrepreneurial attitude, knowledge and skills)

Reforestation and rehabilitation activities

Strengthening of law enforcement through formation, training and deputization of forest law enforcement team (Bantay Gubat)

- A clean and climate-change resilient coastal area

Provision of resettlement area

Coastal Pollution Mitigation

Coastline Protection

Adaptation Measures for Climate Change

Coral Reef and Fisheries Adaptation Stategies

Establishment and Maintenance of MPAs Stock Enhancement Inside MPA Reef restoration inside and outside MPA Small Scale-Pond Agriculture

Improve Fisheries Management -Improve MPA Enforcement -Protection of seagrass meadows

Future Directions for coastal management

• Formulation of fisheries management plan Integrating information on the ecological and

economic value of sea cucumbers and other high value species. Formulation of comprehensive conservation

and management plan of mangrove with identified management body and annual budget allocation from the LGUs and other agencies

Bio-diversity Conservation through MPA Stock Enhancement

.

Protected Area network should have been made functional effecting adaptive management of the MPAs through

monitoring and evaluation and periodic feedback

Lako a Salamat!