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A total number of 112 germplasm of Makhana have been collected and evaluated, and 24 pure lines have been isolated, out of which six have been found most promising for higher productivity.

The seed yield of the promising strains have been found to be 2.8 t/ha compared to 1.6 t/ha in local check.

One promising line of Makhana is in the pipe line for release as a variety.

In general, Makhana is a crop of pond eco-system, however, in order to enhance the productivity and facilitate the horizantal expension of Makhana, a field based cultivation technology has been standardized, which is being adopted by the farmers.

Makhana based cropping systems, i.e., Makhana-Water chestnut, Makhana-Barseem, and Makhana-Rice-Wheat have been developed.

Makhana with fish and Water-Chestnut integrated farming system model have also been developed which is gaining popularity among the farmers.

Economics of different Makhana based cropping systems have been worked-out and net monetary returns have been recorded highest through Makhana-Rice-Wheat cropping system (` 1,22,570.00 per ha), followed by Makhana - Barseem (` 98,465.00 per ha), and Makhana-Water chestnut (` 88,790.00 per ha).

Net monetary returns through Makhana-Fish-Water chestnut was estimated to be ̀ 88,910.00 per ha.

Salient Achievements