stem science notebook diversity of life · reading: kingdoms of life (pp. 65-70) use the following...
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STEM SCIENCE NOTEBOOK
Diversity of Life
Investigation 8: Animal Adaptation
Name: ___________________________________________
Period: _____ Group #: _______ Job: __________________
BIG QUESTION: How do structural and behavioral adaptations of a species enable it to survive in an environment? How do creatures of various size and complexity compare within the five kingdoms in their efforts to survive?
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Definition of Adaptation
Plant Adaptations
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Insect Predictions
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Focus Question 1: How can we classify organisms to help us study their adaptations?
Dichotomous Key Example
Make your own Dichotomous Key
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Sorting of Critters (Plastic Bugs) * You will do this on next year’s state science test! If you miss any points on this part of the test, I will find out and you will be sorry!
Rules:
1. Ask a question, based on observable characteristics to separate the bugs into 2 groups, based on a YES or NO answer. OBSERVABLE: you can SEE it. Examples of things that aren’t observable: Can it fly? No, because it’s plastic! Can it sing? Can it crawl? Can it spin a web? Can it hop? DO NOT use any questions like this! Also, DO NOT use color or size as a characteristic in your questions.
2. Write down the names of the bugs in the correct “Yes or No“ boxes
immediately below the question. Choices: grasshopper, bee, spider, ant, fly, dragonfly
3. Ask another question for the left side group. Write down the names of the bugs (from the left side boxes above) in the correct “Yes or No“ boxes below.
4. Ask another question for the right side group. . Write down the names of the bugs (from the right side boxes above) in the correct “Yes or No“ boxes below.
5. Practice using other completely different questions on the other side of the paper.
Hints: Look closely at the wings, legs, eyes, and how different body parts are positioned.
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Good observations from the plastic bug activity:
Word Bank
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Focus Question 2: How have structures adapted to enhance an insects’ ability to survive?
Consider This… Remember, structures and behaviors that increase an organism’s chances to survive and reproduce are called adaptations. Answer the questions below, using the pictures of insects and your prior knowledge to describe
some advantages and/or disadvantages of the insect structures shown in each example.
Wings
1. Why are wings useful?
2. How might having wings be an advantage over an insect without?
3. Are there any dangers to having wings?
4. What might be a drawback, or disadvantage of having wings?
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Legs
1. How are grasshoppers legs designed differently than the praying mantises?
2. Describe how each style of leg
may help these insects survive.
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Mouth Parts
1. Why might beetles, butterflies, flies and other bugs have adapted different mouth structures for getting food?
2. What is the advantage to having
a mouth designed for a specific type of food?
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Other Adaptations
Reading: “The Insect Empire” (p. 55-59)
1. What structures do ALL insects have in common? (sketch and label)
2. What is an exoskeleton and how do you think it helps bugs to
survive?
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3. What happens when an insect grows bigger than its exoskeleton? 4. How are insects’ mouth parts different from ours? 5. Do insects have lungs? How do they breathe? I used to think…..
But now I know….
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Reading: “Those Amazing Insects” (p. 60-64) When does a hissing cockroach hiss? How does the hissing benefit the cockroach?
The wheat weevil and the drummer wasp may benefit from the activities of humans. Can you think of another insect that may benefit from living around humans? Explain the benefit.
If you bother a wasp, you might find yourself pursued by the whole colony. What do you think makes them all so aggressive?
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Madagascar Hissing Cockroaches
Madagascar Hissing cockroach facts:
1. They are insects with 6 legs and
antennae.
2. They live only in Madagascar, a
large island off the coast of Africa.
3. They hiss as part of a mating ritual,
or as an alarm when frightened.
4. They live on forest floors.
5. They are not dangerous and do not cause harm to any
animal, including humans.
6. They eat decomposing plant matter (they are decomposers)
7. Males have “horns” on their head, while the female’s head is
smooth.
*These are living things and we will treat them with respect, so you will
do nothing to hurt them!
Important vocabulary:
Observations- Using your five senses to describe something
Inferences – Taking an observation you have made and guessing about
what that means or what something is used for (a prediction)
Adaptations- Body structures or behaviors that increase an organism’s
chance of survival or reproduction
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Activity:
1. Write down the sex of your cockroach here: _____________________
2. Make 4 observations about the cockroach here:
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3. Make 2 inferences about the cockroach here:
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4. Write down 3 adaptations you think the cockroach might have. Write
more for extra credit. (Hint: Use your observations to help you.)
Body structure or behavior
How it helps the cockroach
survive/reproduce
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BIG QUESTION: How do structural and behavioral adaptations of a species enable it to survive in an environment?
I claim…
I claim…
I claim…
I know this because…
I know this because…
I know this because…
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I. What is classification?
The grouping of objects or items based on shared characteristics.
II. How are living things classified?
A. By shared characteristics, similar DNA, common ancestry, and structural
similarities.
B. 7 Levels (starting with the broadest, most general category and going to
the most specific)
a. Kingdom (only 5 on the whole planet!)
b. Phylum
c. Class
d. Order
e. Family
f. Genus
g. Species (millions of species on the planet)
III. What are kingdoms?
A. groups of living things on planet Earth
a. Monera (bacteria)
b. Protista
c. Fungi
d. Plantae
e. Animalia
How are living things put into the 5 kingdoms?
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5 Kingdoms of Living Things-Shared Characteristics
Kingdom
# of Cells
(uni/multi)
Reproduction
Autotroph
or Heterotroph
Prokaryotic
or Eukaryotic
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Examples
Importance to Humans
Plantae
Animalia
Fungi
Protista
Monera
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Get pictures of each kingdom- find on the internet, draw, or get from Mr. Howe.
Protists
Monera (bacteria)
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Fungi
Plants
Animals
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Reading: Kingdoms of Life (pp. 65-70)
Use the following graphic organizer while reading. Place a check under the
appropriate kingdom that possesses the trait or quality listed.
Bacteria (Monera)
Algae (Protists)
Fungi Trait/quality
Prokaryotic cells
Eukaryotic cells
Single celled life form
Most numerous (8000 different species)
Oldest of the life kingdoms
Put oxygen into the Earth’s atmosphere
Smallest living thing
Found everywhere, even inside and on humans
Decompose dead animals
Require a watery environment
Live mainly in the oceans
Diatoms in toothpaste!
Have chlorophyll
Ergot (wheat rust) – very hazardous
Can cause disease in humans
Can be used as part of the treatment to cure a disease
I used to think…..
But now I know…
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BIG QUESTION: How do creatures of various size and complexity compare within the five kingdoms in their efforts to survive?
I claim…
I claim…
I claim…
I know this because…
I know this because…
I know this because…
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STEM Science Notebook Grade Rubric
10 8 6 4 2 Your points
Comments
Neatness/ Organization
Very organized and neat; easy to read
Mostly organized and neat, 2 parts or less are messy or hard to read
Several parts not organized or hard to read
Mostly messy and hard to read
Very messy; no real organization
Key words/scientific facts
All scientific information is accurate and complete—KEY WORDS HIGH-LIGHTED
Most Scientific Information is accurate. No missing information
Several mistakes; some science information is missing.
Very little science Know-ledge is evident.
No science knowledge is there, based on note-book
On time
Turned in the day it was due in class
Turned in the day it was due later in the day
Turned in one day late
2 days late
More than 2 days late
Quality explanations
Responses are well thought out and show strong effort. Descriptions and explanations are complete
Strong effort and quality work shown on most responses. A couple of weak responses
Many weak responses. Poor effort put forth on many answers
Very little effort put forth to explain.
No effort put forth to explain
Diagrams/ Drawings
All diagrams and drawings are accurate(including labels) and neatly done
1 mistake in accuracy or neatness
2 mistakes in accuracy or neatness
3 mistakes in accuracy or neatness
4+ mistakes in accuracy or neatness
Complete
NO blanks
1 blank
2 blanks
3 blanks
4+ blanks
Total points = /60 = % Lab grade