steve jobs, bill gates, and the pc and course review · steve jobs, bill gates, and the pc ......
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CEE 102: Prof. Michael G. Littman
Course Administrator: Jack Reilly [email protected]
Computers for NOTETAKING ONLY
Please - NO Cell Phones, texting, email, shopping
Steve Jobs, Bill Gates, and the PC
and
Course Review
Radical Innovation and the Transformation of Daily Life
Noyce and Hoff – 4 bit Microcomputer
2
Components of Innovation
Inventor and Entrepreneur
Intel
4004
Apple I
6502
Macintosh
68000
& TCP / IP
IBM PC
8088
Intel 4004
3 3
Noyce and Hoff – 4 bit Microcomputer
Components of Innovation
Inventor and Entrepreneur
Intel 4004
4 4
Homebrew Computer Club
Silicon Valley 1975
Noyce and Hoff – 4 bit Microcomputer
Components of Innovation
Inventor and Entrepreneur
Intel 4004
Homebrew Computer Club
Silicon Valley 1975 5
Wozniak and Jobs
Apple Computer founded in 1976
(MOS Technology 6502 – 8 bit)
Components of Innovation
Inventor and Entrepreneur
Hewlett - Packard
Ford
Jobs
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Wozniak and Jobs
Apple Computer founded in 1976
(MOS Technology 6502 – 8 bit)
Components of Innovation
Inventor and Entrepreneur
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Hewlett - Packard
Ford
Jobs
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9 9
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Macintosh 128K – 1984
(Motorola 68000 – 16 bit)
Graphical User Interface
DEMONSTRATION
Aged -
27
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42 12 12
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42
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44 13 13
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44
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47 14 14
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47
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50 15 15
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50
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52 16 16
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52 17 17
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Aged -
55 18 18
Homebrew Computer Club
30th Anniversary in 2005 - Silicon Valley
19 Aged -
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Homebrew Computer Club
30th Anniversary in 2005 - Silicon Valley
Bill Gates and Paul Allen – Micro-Soft
Basic for Altair 8800 in 1975 (Intel 8080)
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Bill Gates and Paul Allen – Micro-Soft
Basic for Altair 8800 in 1975 (Intel 8080)
Bill Gates open letter to
hobbyists – An appeal to stop
stealing software 23 23
Bill Gates and Paul Allen – Micro-Soft
Basic for Altair 8800 in 1975 (Intel 8080)
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Bill Gates and Paul Allen – MiCROSOFT
MS- DOS for IBM PC in 1981
Bill Gates open letter to
hobbyists – An appeal to stop
stealing software 24
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IBM Personal Computer
(Intel 8088)
Command Line Interface
DEMONSTRATION
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Bill Gates and Paul Allen – MiCROSOFT
MS- DOS for IBM PC in 1981
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Bill Gates and Paul Allen – MiCROSOFT
MS- DOS for IBM PC in 1981
8086, 80186, 80286, 80386, 80486 16-bit
Pentium 32-bit and 64-bit
27 27
Key Ideas
Scientific :
Computer on a Chip
Graphical User Interface
Social and Personal :
Computation
Communication
Commerce
Symbolic :
Individual Genius
8086, 80186, 80286, 80386, 80486 16-bit
Pentium 32-bit and 64-bit
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Immigrants
Alexander Graham Bell
Andrew Carnegie
John Von Neumann
Othmar Ammann
Telephone
Key Ideas
Scientific :
Computer on a Chip
Graphical User Interface
Social and Personal :
Computation
Communication
Commerce
Symbolic :
Individual Genius
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Immigrants
Alexander Graham Bell
Andrew Carnegie
John Von Neumann
Othmar Ammann
Telephone
Steel for Railroads,
Bridges, and Buildings
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Steel for Railroads,
Bridges, and Buildings
Iconic NY Bridges for Cars
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Digital Machine for Calculations Iconic NY Bridges for Cars
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Inventors
Thomas Telford
Wright Brothers
Thomas Edison
Henry Bessemer
Flat Bridge
Flying Machine
Remote Power
Strong Material
Digital Machine for Calculations
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Inventors
Thomas Telford
Wright Brothers
Thomas Edison
Henry Bessemer
Flat Bridge
Flying Machine
Remote Power
Strong Material
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Partnerships
James Watt – Mathew Boulton
Robert Fulton – Robert Livingston
INVENTOR ENTREPRENEUR
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INVENTOR
ENTREPRENEUR
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Partnerships
James Watt – Mathew Boulton
Robert Fulton – Robert Livingston
INVENTOR ENTREPRENEUR
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Patents
Steamboat
Telephone
Electric Light
Airplane
Radio
Rocket
Transistor
Integrated Circuit
What are positive and
negative effects of patents ?
INVENTOR
ENTREPRENEUR
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delays competition
Bell Telephone wins
Edison patents captured
from Western Union
Patents
Steamboat
Telephone
Electric Light
Airplane
Radio
Rocket
Transistor
Integrated Circuit
What are positive and
negative effects of patents ?
“War of the Currents”
delays competition
AC wins
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delays competition
Bell Telephone wins
Edison patents captured
from Western Union
Wright Brothers patent
delays competition
WWI – patent suspended in
national interest
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“War of the Currents”
delays competition
AC wins
Sarnoff fights FM patent
Armstrong suicide
Armstrong’s widow wins
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Wright Brothers patent
delays competition
WWI – patent suspended in
national interest
1964 – 50th Anniversary
of multi-stage patent
Goddard not taken
seriously until after WWII
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Sarnoff fights FM patent
Armstrong suicide
Armstrong’s widow wins
1956 Nobel Prize
Revolutionizes telephone,
radio, computers, satellites
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Sarnoff fights FM patent
Armstrong suicide
Armstrong’s widow wins
Kilby and Noyce
share credit and revenue
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1956 Nobel Prize
Revolutionizes telephone,
radio, computers, satellites
Artist as Engineer
Telford
Morse
Ammann
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Kilby and Noyce
share credit and revenue Elegant bridge replaces the ferry
Intelligence at a distance
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Artist as Engineer
Telford
Morse
Ammann
Elegant bridge replaces the ferry
Structural Artist
and Entrepreneur
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Intelligence at a distance
Political
Entrepreneurs
Amman
Livingston
Norris
Hoover
Livingston
Monroe
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Structural Artist
and Entrepreneur
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Livingston
Monroe
TVA – REA architect
Advocate for Public Power
Political
Entrepreneurs
Amman
Livingston
Norris
Hoover
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Commerce Secretary
Colorado River Compact
TVA – REA architect
Advocate for Public Power
Focus on
Whole System
Edison
Ford
Marconi
Competition with Gas Lighting
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Commerce Secretary
Colorado River Compact
Assembly Line
Integrated Factory
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Focus on
Whole System
Edison
Ford
Marconi
Competition with Gas Lighting
Assembly Line
Integrated Factory Global Wireless Network
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Global Wireless Network
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Energy Conversion
Steam Engine
IC Engine
Jet Engine
Rocket Motor
Machine replaces Horse
External Combustion
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Energy Conversion
Steam Engine
IC Engine
Jet Engine
Rocket Motor
Compact and Efficient Machine
Internal Combustion
Machine replaces Horse
External Combustion
Turbojet Engine
Batch to Continuous
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Compact and Efficient Machine
Internal Combustion
Rocket Motor carries own O2
Thrust in the Vacuum of Space
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Turbojet Engine
Batch to Continuous
Government Fixes
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Port Authority Congested
Valley Authority Depressed
River Compact Undeveloped
Port Authority Bridge
Automobiles
Rocket Motor carries own O2
Thrust in the Vacuum of Space
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Port Authority Bridge
Automobiles
Valley Authority Dam
Electric Power
Government Fixes
Port Authority Congested
Valley Authority Depressed
River Compact Undeveloped
River Compact Dam
Flood Control and Electric Power
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Valley Authority Dam
Electric Power
Daring ‘Firsts’
Water
Air
Space
First Trip - Colorado River
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River Compact Dam
Flood Control and Electric Power
First Flight - Heavier than Air
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Daring ‘Firsts’
Water
Air
Space
First Trip - Colorado River
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Faster than Sound
bullet-shaped rocket plane First Flight - Heavier than Air
First Earth Orbit
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Faster than Sound
bullet-shaped rocket plane
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First Earth Orbit 1969
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Transformation of
Daily Life
Railroad
Telephone
Electricity
Automobile
Airplane
Computer
Continent Crossed - 1869
Iron Road
1969
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Transformation of
Daily Life
Railroad
Telephone
Electricity
Automobile
Airplane
Computer
Continent Crossed - 1869
Iron Road
Nation Illuminated – 1879
Continent Crossed – 1915
Copper Transmission Lines
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Nation Illuminated – 1879
Continent Crossed – 1915
Copper Transmission Lines
Atlantic Ocean Crossed - 1927
made of Aluminum
powered by Kerosene
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Coast to Coast w/o Lights - 1956
Asphalt, Concrete, and Steel
Atlantic Ocean Crossed - 1927
made of Aluminum
powered by Kerosene
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Information Age born in 1946
Germanium, Silicon, and Glass
Coast to Coast w/o Lights - 1956
Asphalt, Concrete, and Steel
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Innovations How do they happen?
Why are they important?
Scientific :
applied science
Social :
transformation - context
economics
politics
culture
Symbolic :
individual genius Information Age born in 1946
Germanium, Silicon, and Glass