stories from revolution

7/24/2019 Stories From Revolution

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1Syrian American Council www.sacouncil.com

By: Syrian AmericanCouncil

(SAC)

The Syrian

Revolution


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Outline1- History of syria

- Geogra!y

- "emogra!ic

- #o$ern !istory

2- %!e re&olution

- %!e start

- Stories from re&olution

- 'ews reorts

- Conclusion an$ outcome- !at can we $o *


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History of Syria Geogra!ic location:

Syrian American Council www.sacouncil.com


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History of Syria

+Syrian American Council www.sacouncil.com


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,Syrian American Council www.sacouncil.com

"emogra!ic

- oulation :2 #illion.

- Area: 1/000 S # (aout +03 t!e si4e of California)

- 5t!nics:603Aras/ 63 7ur$s/ 13 Ot!er

- 8eligions:

- +3Sunni #uslims- 123Alawite #uslims

- 103C!ristians

- 3"ru4

- 9iteracy: ;3

- er Caital G":


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#o$ern History

Syrian 8eulic is e>actly 0 years ol$ (estalis!e$ 162)

Gaine$ in$een$ence from ?rance 16+;

#ulti arty $emocracy for years 16+;-16+6

@SA sonsore$ military cou $tat le$ y Hussni Al4aim

olitical instaility etween 16+6- 16,+ #ulti arty $emocracy 16,+-16,

@nion wit! 5gyt 16,-16;1

#ilitary cou t!at roug!t t!e Baat! arty to ower 16; till 'O

@n$er Baat! rete>t Ha4 Assa$ military cou in 160

Hafe4 Assa$ rule$ Syria for 0years 160-2000 Bas!ar Assa$ in!erite$ t!e 8eulic in 2000 an$ !as een ruling

Syria since t!en

;Syrian American Council www.sacouncil.com


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#o$ern History

#aDor e&ents $uring Al Baat! ower : %!e si> $ays war of 16;

%!e war of 16

Hama massacre in ?eruary 162

articiate$ in Gulf war 1660

Ha4 Assa$ $ie$ in 2000

Bas!ar in!erite$ t!e reulic in 2000

Aras Sring - "ecemer 2010

#arc! 1,/ 2011 %!e start of Syrian re&olution AND the Springis yet to come ..



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#o$ern History

Syria "uring Baat! arty 8ule:

En 16; a urging 'asserist trie$ to cou an$ faile$ an$ t!atsw!en Al Baat! monooli4e$ ower (00 eole reorte$ =ille$/20 were e>ecute$)

En 16;; ol$ guar$ of Al Baat! remo&e$ y left wing army

oFcers an$ loo$y g!ting too= lace in many cities acrossSyria/ an$ a counter cou attemt y Hatoum faile$ ecauseof Assa$ gri of air force. Hatoum was s!ot in 16; after !etrie$ to return to Syria .

e s!all ne&er call for nor accet eace. e s!all only accet

war. e !a&e resol&e$ to $renc! t!is lan$ wit! your loo$. %ooust you aggressors/ to t!row you into t!e sea. - %!en Syrian"efense #inister Hafe4 Assa$



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#o$ern History

Hama #assacre 162:

%!e Syrian city of Hama was t!e scene of a massacre in 162w!en resi$ent Hafe4 al-Assa$ ra4e$ t!e city to crus! areellion/ slaug!tering aro>imately +0/000 of !is own

eole/ an$ 100/000 were left !omeless . Assa$s troos lea$ y 8ifaat Assa$ (Ha4Is rot!er)/ oun$e$

Hama wit! artillery re for se&eral $ays an$/ wit! t!e city inruins/ !is ull$o4ers mo&e$ in an$ Jattene$ neig!or !oo$s.

%!e 162 massacre is regar$e$ as t!e single loo$iest assault

y an Ara ruler against !is own eole in mo$ern times an$remains a i&otal e&ent in Syrian !istory.



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#o$ern History

After !e carrie$ t!e mission of $estroying Hama in 162/ 8ifaat al-Assa$ attemte$ to use t!e security forces un$er !is control tosei4e ower in 16+.

%ensions etween Hafe4 loyalists an$ 8ifaat suorters cameclose to all-out war.

%!e stan$-oK was not en$e$ until Hafe4/ w!o was ill at t!e time/rose from !is e$ to resume ower an$ sea= to t!e nation.

8ifaat left t!e country since t!en an$ ne&er came ac=.



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#o$ern History

Assa$ manage$ to stay in ower for 0 years an$ !e ringstaility to a country.

He use$ t!e secular Baat! arty as a co&er for installing t!eAlawite minority into imortant ositions t!roug!out t!e secialforces/ intelligence an$ armore$ cors



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#o$ern History

%!en comes Bas!ar:

Bas!ar in!erite$ t!e reulic after !is $a$ $ie$ in 2000.

%!e arliament amen$e$ t!e constitution/ re$ucing t!eman$atory minimum age of t!e resi$ent from +0 to + toallow Bas!ar to ecome legally eligile for nomination

6.26 3 8eferen$um LL



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#o$ern History

Bas!ar followe$ t!e same olices !is $a$ use$ to ractice.

He trie$ to en!ance t!e economy/ !owe&er all large usinesses int!e country was owne$ y !is cousin 8ami #a=!louf w!o t!oug!tto control as muc! as ;03 of t!e Syrian economy t!roug! !is weof usiness interests t!at inclu$e telecommunications/ oil an$ gas/

construction/ an=ing/ airlines an$ retail.



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#o$ern History

8elation wit! neig!ors:

A numer of unsuccessful Syrian attemts to =ill t!e latealestinian lea$er Masser Arafat

%orture/ $isaearance of oosing alestinians an$ 9eaneseacti&ists

weat!ere$ Esraeli in&asion of 9eanon Nune ;/ 162

Continue$ control of 9eanon till 200;

1+Syrian American Council www.sacouncil.com


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#o$ern History

Enternal security an$ intelligence:

%!e to lea$ers!is/ are largely ma$e u of memers ofAssa$s own e>ten$e$ family.

Se&eral ranc!es of t!e security ser&ices oeratein$een$ently of eac! ot!er

ranc!es of t!e security ser&ices outsi$e t!e legalsystem an$ continue to e resonsile for !uman rig!ts&iolations.

1,Syrian American Council www.sacouncil.com


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1;Syrian American Council www.sacouncil.com


- Geogra!y

- "emogra!ic

- #o$ern !istory

2- %!e re&olution- %!e start


- 'ews reorts

- Conclusion an$ outcome- !at can we $o *


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%!e 8e&olution

Ensire$ y t!e re&olutions in ot!er Ara re&olutions/ Syrians calle$for rotest against t!e Assa$ regime on #arc! 1,/ 2011 Simultaneous $emonstrations too= lace in maDor cities across

Syria. Encreasingly/ t!e city of "araaecame t!e focal oint for t!egrowing urising.

O&er 100/000 eole reorte$ly marc!e$ in "araa on 2, #arc!/ut at least 20 rotesters were reorte$ly =ille$.

rotests also srea$ to ot!er Syrian cities/ inclu$ing Homs/ Hama/Baniyas/ Aleo/ "amascus an$ 9ata=ia. O&er 0 rotesters intotal were reorte$ $ea$.

En Aril/ t!e urising ecame more e>tensi&e/ an$ t!e regimeIsreaction was more &iolent.

rotesters were s!ot at on Aril 1st/ lea$ing to at least 10 $eat!s. %ens of t!ousan$s of rotesters were re&ente$ from entering

"amascus from "oumaon Aril 1,t!/ t!oug! t!is restriction $i$ notre&ent wi$esrea$ rotests in many Syrian cities. .Ot!er cities w!ere rotesting was articularly strong were in

"araa/ Baniyas/ Al-amis!li an$ Homs.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daraahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baniyashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latakiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douma,_Lebanonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douma,_Lebanonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latakiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baniyashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daraa


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%!e 8e&olution %!ere were also rotests in "ouma an$ Harasta/ suurs of

"amascus. P

En Octoer 2011 t!e oosition grou S'C was forme$

8ussia an$ C!ina &eto a @' resolution con$emning Syria

"uring t!e Baa Amr $istrict massacres in ?eruary 2012/ @SDournalist #arie Col&in was among t!e $ea$

#arc! 2012 Q 7arm al-Reitoun #assacre #ay 2012 Q ro-Assa$ militias =ill more t!an a !un$re$ ci&ilians

inclu$ing 2 c!il$ren in Houla. #any countries e>el senior Syrian$ilomats in rotest

Nuly 2012 - ?ree Syrian Army lows u security c!iefs in "amascus

August Q rime #inister 8ia$ HiDa $efects

Octoer Q Syrian regime agrees to +-$ay @' ceasere $uring 5i$/$uring w!ic! it =ille$ more t!an ,00.

'o&emer 2012 Q Syrian oosition meets in "o!a/ forms t!e 'ationalCoalition. 5uroean @nion/ Gulf Cooeration Council recogni4e t!eCoalition as t!e legitimate reresentati&e of t!e Syrian eole.



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%!e 8e&olution

11/000 eole were reorte$ $ea$ in t!e rst year/ out of w!ic!00 c!il$ren 00 women

20 mont!s later/ more t!an +0/000 were reorte$ly $ea$/inclu$ing more t!an 000 women an$ 000 c!il$ren



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%!e 8e&olution

Stories from revolution:

Hakam Darak Alsibai:

Tolunteer for Syrian Ara 8e$ Crescent: "ie$ from 8esultingEnDuries

After amulance was targete$ wit! !ea&y re w!ile

transorting a woun$e$ erson/ sai$ t!e relief agencyU twoot!ers also inDure$.

Systemic targeting of amulances y t!e security forces iswi$e srea$ an$ !as occurre$ from t!e early $ays of t!ere&olution.

%!e Enternational Committee of t!e 8e$ Cross urge$ t!atsecurity forces to oser&e international law an$ allow 8e$Crescent an$ 8e$ Cross/ me$ics/ w!o are easily i$entialey t!eir uniforms/ to $o t!eir Do.

%!e inDure$ ci&ilian in Syria are not ale to reac! !ositalsan$ if t!ey $o t!ey are arreste$ on arri&al.



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%!e 8e&olution

Stories from re&olution:

Hamza A!"hatib

Arreste$ $uring a rotest in Sai$a/ 10=m east of "araa/ onAril 26/ Ham4as o$y was returne$ to !is family on %ues$ay2+t! #ay/ !orrily mutilate$. %!e c!il$ !a$ sent nearly a

mont! in t!e custo$y of Syrian security/ an$ w!en t!ey nallyreturne$ !is corse it ore t!e scars of rutal torture:9acerations/ ruises an$ urns to !is feet/ elows/ face an$=nees/ consistent wit! t!e use of electric s!oc= $e&ices an$ ofeing w!ie$ wit! cale/ ot! tec!niues of torture$ocumente$y Human 8ig!ts atc! as eing use$ in Syrian

risons $uring t!e loo$y t!ree-mont! crac=$own onrotestors.

Hama4a !as ecame a symol for all Syrian c!il$ren w!o were=ille$ an$ torture$.

http://www.hrw.org/en/news/2011/04/15/syria-rampant-torture-protestershttp://www.hrw.org/en/news/2011/04/15/syria-rampant-torture-protesters


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%!e 8e&olution


%al al #allo!i: orn in Nanuary +/ 1661 a Syrian logger fromHoms.

S!e !as een calle$ Vt!e youngest risoner of conscienceint!e Ara worl$V.

On 2 "ecemer 2006/ %al was ta=en from !er !ome yoFcers of one of t!e security oFces in Syria ecause s!e !aswritten oems aout alestine an$ social commentaries on !erlog.

5&er since/ !er arents $i$nt =now w!ic! security oFce !as

$etaine$ !er nor w!ere t!ey can &isit t!eir $aug!ter. %al al-#allo!i !as een accuse$ y t!e Syrian go&ernment of

eing a sy for t!e @nite$ States of America/ an$ sentence$ on?eruary 1,/ 2011 to &e years in rison.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prisoner_of_consciencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_of_Americahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_of_Americahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prisoner_of_consciencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homs


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%!e 8e&olution


#brahim $ashoush:

was a reman an$ amateur oet from Hama/ Syria. "uring t!e2011 Syrian urising/ as!ous! was note$ for singing an$aut!oring songs moc=ing Syrian resi$ent Bas!ar al-Assa$an$t!e ruling Baat! arty. %!e rotest ant!em/ VCome on/ Bas!ar/time to lea&eV/ is attriute$ to !im. On + Nuly 2011/ as!ous!was foun$ $ea$ in t!e Orontes 8i&er/ !is t!roat cut an$ !is

&ocal cor$s rie$ out. After !is mur$er/ fellow rotesters!aile$ as!ous! as t!e Vnig!tingale of t!e re&olution

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_Syrian_uprisinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bashar_al-Assadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bashar_al-Assadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_Syrian_uprisinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hama


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%!e 8e&olution


%alek &an'ali:

Born in Germany to Syrian arents in 162/ awar$-winningcomoser an$ ianist/ #ale= Nan$ali/ is recogni4e$ as a lea$inggure in to$ays iano worl$. His outstan$ing recor$ings an$e>tensi&e concert tours recei&e aun$antly glowing raise. Hismusical career as a concert ianist egan in 16 after winningt!e rst ri4e at t!e 'ational Moung ArtistsI cometitionfollowe$ y t!e 166 Outstan$ing #usical erformer Awar$in t!e @nite$ States.

#ale= laye$ a song t!at !e wrote calle$ E am my !ome lan$inrotest in "C ac= in Nuly 2 2011 an$ few $ays later !isarents w!o li&es in Homs were attac=e$ rutally. #ale=arents attac=

#ale= comose$ a sym!ony in 2012 insire$ from as!ous!song. ?ree$om sym!ony

2+Syrian American Council www.sacouncil.com


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2,Syrian American Council www.sacouncil.com


-Geogra!y

- "emogra!ic

- #o$ern !istory

2- %!e re&olution- %!e start


- 'ews reorts

- Conclusion an$ outcome

- !at can we $o *


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Conclusion an$ outcomes

%!e Syrian urising !as een going on for more t!an two yearswit! no en$ in sig!t.

%!e Syrian regime !as continue$ to lame t!e &iolence onterrorism an$ !as een continue$ to claim t!at its militaryforces are $efen$ing t!e country.

#any tries for ta=ing action in t!e @' against %!e regime !a$een stoe$ y 8ussia an$ C!ina/ w!ose go&ernments !a&eac=e$ t!e Assa$ go&ernment/ an$ !a&e re&iously loc=e$any reference t!reatening sanctions.

@' sent 5n&oys 7o Annan t!en 9a=!$ar Bra!imi in or$er to tryto n$ a olitical solution/ ut t!e regime continue$ to its&iolence.

"illing hasn(t stoppe' )*T..

2;Syrian American Council www.sacouncil.com


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Conclusion an$ outcomes

!at can we $o:

Contact t!e !ile House an$ @S Congress an$ tell t!em tosuort t!e !el t!e Syrian eole tole t!e regime

"onate to !umanitarian organi4ations wor=ing in Syria or inrefugee cams

Become a SAC memer an$ &olunteer www.sacouncil.com

rite a letter to t!e e$itor in your local newsaer

Organi4e a rally or a town !all meeting to raise awareness

@se social me$ia to srea$ t!e wor$

www.faceoo=.comWSyrian.8e&olution

Syrian Human 8ig!ts Committee www.s!rc.org

www.SyrianSuortGrou.org

2


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%!an= Mou


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