stpm sba physics report 2013

7/22/2019 STPM SBA Physics Report 2013

1/32

^FB NGNJSMAL,

^\CELNY 5 _JT^DN^ _M_LS 9

^\_LSPD^GS 5 FMIMF NJGAK TGBL TDA


2/32

Yjlrfmh Ngaiuntdvdty g` Fltmh

ILIDNMYDGA

D wdsj tg lxprlss fy sdanlrl mpprlndmtdga tg prdandpmh g` ^FB Ngnjrmal, Fmimf Jmeemj

Amzd`mj Cdatd Mciuh Hmtd`, fy suplrvdsgr Fmimf Njgak Tgbl Tda `gr tjldr blla mai laihlss

kudimanl, langurmklflat, nrdtdns mai daspdrmtdga uatdh tjl sunnlss mai ngfphltdga g` tjds wgrb.

^plndmh tjmabs tg hmcgrmtgry mssdstmats `gr prlpmrdak rlqudrli mppmrmtus mai fmtlrdmhs tg

lasurl tjl pjysdns davlstdkmtdga ds ngaiuntli sfggtjhy. Clsdils, D wguhi hdbl tg tjmabs tg tjl _DCK

`gr spgasgrdak tjl cuiklt datg pjysdns `uai wjdnj mhhgw stuilats tg ngaiunt tjl lxplrdflats da m

prgplr lavdrgaflat wdtj prgplr mppmrmtus mai fmtlrdmhs.

D wdsj tg lxprlss jlrl, fy sdanlrl mpprlndmtdga mai tjmabs tg mhh hlnturlrs, tlmnjlrs mai

stm``s `rgf pjysdns ilpmrtflat, mai fy `lhhgw `rdlais tjmt jmi idrlnthy mai daidrlnthy jlhpli fl

tjrgukjgut tjds rlslmrnj prgelnt wms nmrrdli gut.

d55^NDLA

YD@DN

SL^LMSNJ

SL_GSY553?=>

HSYIgnuflatsN

gpyrdkjtli.Mhhr

dkj

tsrlslrvli.

@GS SL@LSLANL _\S_G^L


3/32


MC^YSMNY

Da lhlntrgadn systlfs, m jlmt sdab ds m pmssdvl jlmt lxnjmaklr tjmt ngghs m ilvdnl cy idssdpmtdak jlmt

datg tjl surrguaidak fliduf. Da tjds lxplrdflat, tjl pmrmfltlrs usli tg ilsnrdcl tjl tjlrfmh

ngaiuntdvdty g` m fltmh nma cl usli tg ilsnrdcl mhsg dts lhlntrdnmh ngaiuntdvdty. Fltmh ngatmdalrs mrl

lxplrdflatli mai krmidlat g` tjl hgkmrdtjf g` tlfplrmturl, plr uadt tdfl, da slngais ds

ngfpmrli tg tjl krmidlat ngastmat da tjl ilrdvli lqumtdga tg gctmda tjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty vmhul. Yjl

jdkjlr tjl tjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty vmhul, tjl clttlr tjl njgdnl g` fltmh tg cl usli da jlmt sdab ms m jlmt

sprlmilr. Yjds lxplrdflats ds sllf tg cl m kggi fltjgi da iltlrfdamtdga tjl tjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty

vmhul `gr vmrdgus typl g` fltmh mai tjl gctmdali rlsuhts ds qudtl nhgsl tg tjl mntumh vmhuls. Ngpplr ds

`guai gut ms tjl jdkjlst tjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty vmhul ngfpmrli tg mhufdaduf mai stllh.

dd55^NDLA

YD@DN

SL^LMSNJ

SL_GSY553?=>

HSYIgnuflatsN

gpyrdkjtli.Mhhr

dkj

tsrlslrvli.



4/32


YMCHL G@ NGAYLAY

NJM_YLS YDYHL _MKL

ILIDNMYDGA d

MC^YSMNY dd

YMCHL G@ NGAYLAY dd

= DAYSGI\NYDGA YG YDYHL =

=.= CMNBKSG\AI =

=.3 HDYLSMY\SL Y\IT =3

=.> YJLGST 3>

=.9 _SGCHLF YMYLFLAY 9

=.< GCELNYDPL G@ SL^LMSNJ 9

3 FLYJGIGHGKT .= GC^LSPMYDGA^ MAI SL^\HY^ 4=.3 DAYLS_SLYMYDGA MAI ID^N\^^DGA^ =0=;

9 NGANH\^DGA =:

SL@LSLANL^ =4

M__LAIDZL^

ddd55^NDLA

YD@DN

SL^LMSNJ

SL_GSY553?=>

HSYIgnuflatsN

gpyrdkjtli.Mhhr

dkj

tsrlslrvli.



5/32


NJM_YLS =

DAYSGI\NYDGA

=.= CMNBKSG\AI

Jlmt trmas`lr cy ngaiuntdga davghvls trmas`lr g` lalrky wdtjda m fmtlrdmh wdtjgut may

fgtdga g` tjl fmtlrdmh ms m wjghl. Yjl rmtl g` jlmt trmas`lr ilplais upga tjl tlfplrmturl krmidlat

mai tjl tjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty g` tjl fmtlrdmh. Yjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty ds m rlmsgamchy strmdkjt `grwmri

da tjl mpphdnmtdga g` jlmt sdab.

Yjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty ds tjl datrdasdn prgplrty g` m fmtlrdmh wjdnj rlhmtls dts mcdhdty tg

ngaiunt jlmt. Jlmt trmas`lr cy ngaiuntdga davghvls trmas`lr g` lalrky wdtjda m fmtlrdmh wdtjgut may

fgtdga g` tjl fmtlrdmh ms m wjghl. Ngaiuntdga tmbls phmnl wjla m tlfplrmturl krmidlat lxdsts da m

sghdi (gr stmtdgamry `hudi) fliduf. Ngaiuntdvl jlmt `hgw gnnurs da tjl idrlntdga g` ilnrlmsdak

tlfplrmturl clnmusl jdkjlr tlfplrmturl lqumtls tg jdkjlr fghlnuhmr lalrky gr fgrl fghlnuhmr

fgvlflat. Lalrky ds trmas`lrrli `rgf tjl fgrl lalrkltdn tg tjl hlss lalrkltdn fghlnuhls wjla

aldkjcgurdak fghlnuhls nghhdil. Yjl krlmtlr tjl tjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty g` m sghdi, tjl krlmtlr ds dts

mcdhdty tg ngaiunt jlmt tjrgukj dt mai vdnl-vlrsm.

=.3 HDYLSMY\SL Y\IT

M jlmt sdab ds ilsdkali tg fmxdfdzl dts sur`mnl mrlm da ngatmnt wdtj tjl ngghdak fliduf

surrguaidak dt, sunj ms tjl mdr. Mdr vlhgndty, njgdnl g` fmtlrdmh, prgtrusdga ilsdka mai sur`mnl

trlmtflat mrl `mntgrs tjmt m``lnt tjl plr`grfmanl g` m jlmt sdab. Jlmt sdab mttmnjflat fltjgis mai

tjlrfmh datlr`mnl fmtlrdmhs mhsg m``lnt tjl idl tlfplrmturl g` tjl datlkrmtli ndrnudt. Yjlrfmh

mijlsdvl gr tjlrfmh krlmsl dfprgvl tjl jlmt sdab's plr`grfmanl cy `dhhdak mdr kmps cltwlla tjl jlmt

sdab mai tjl ilvdnl.

=55^NDLA

YD@DN

SL^LMSNJ

SL_GSY553?=>

HSYIgnuflatsN

gpyrdkjtli.Mhhr

dkj

tsrlslrvli.



6/32


M jlmt sdab trmas`lrs tjlrfmh lalrky `rgf m jdkjlr tlfplrmturl ilvdnl tg m hgwlr

tlfplrmturl `hudi fliduf. Yjl `hudi fliduf ds `rlqulathy mdr, cut nma mhsg cl wmtlr, rl`rdklrmats gr

gdh. D` tjl `hudi fliduf ds wmtlr, tjl jlmt sdab ds `rlqulathy nmhhli m nghi phmtl. Da tjlrfgiyamfdns m

jlmt sdab ds m jlmt rlslrvgdr tjmt nma mcsgrc ma mrcdtrmry mfguat g` jlmt wdtjgut sdkad`dnmathy

njmakdak tlfplrmturl. _rmntdnmh jlmt sdabs `gr lhlntrgadn ilvdnls fust jmvl m tlfplrmturl jdkjlr

tjma tjl surrguaidaks tg trmas`lr jlmt cy ngavlntdga, rmidmtdga, mai ngaiuntdga.

Yjl prgiuntdga g` jlmt lxnjmaklr phmtl da grilr tg davghvli da tjl jlmt sdab prgnlss. Jlanl,

tjl fltmh phmtl fust jmvl jdkj tjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty vmhul.

=.> YJLGST

Yjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty g` fltmhs nma cl iltlrfdali tjrgukj tjds lxplrdflat wdtj tjl prgpgsli

tjlgry. Da jlmt trmas`lr, tjl rmtl g` jlmt `hgw tjrgukj m ngaiuntgr ds lxprlssli ms

[jlrl, tjl ds tjl tjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty, nrgss-slntdgamh mrlm g` tjl ngaiuntgr mai

tjl

tlfplrmturl krmidlat.

Fltmh Ngatmdalr

355^NDLA

YD@DN

SL^LMSNJ

SL_GSY553?=>

HSYIgnuflatsN

gpyrdkjtli.Mhhr

dkj

tsrlslrvli.



7/32


Yjl rmtl g` jlmt `hgw `rgf wmrf wmtlr wdtj tlfplrmturl da cgdhdak tucl tg tjl surrguaidak ds

kdvla cy

[jlrl, ds tjl fmss g` wmtlr, tjl splnd`dn jlmt nmpmndty g` wmtlr mai

tjl rmtl g` ngghdak.

Cy lqumtdak (=) mai (3), wl klt

^g, d` tjl surrguaidak tlfplrmturl ds , tjl rlhmtdgasjdp cltwlla tlfplrmturl mai tdfl ds

kdvla cy

[jlrl ds da slngai, tjl dadtdmh tlfplrmturl, ds , tjl mvlrmkl rmidus g`

tjl cgdhdak tucl mai tjl tjdnbalss g` tjl wmhh g` tjl cgdhdak tucl.

>55^NDLA

YD@DN

SL^LMSNJ

SL_GSY553?=>

HSYIgnuflatsN

gpyrdkjtli.Mhhr

dkj

tsrlslrvli.



8/32


=.9 _SGCHLF YMYLFLAY

Yjl kgmh g` tjl lxplrdflat ds tg `dai gut tjl fgst sudtmchl fltmh fmau`mnturli ms jlmt lxnjmaklr

wjdnj ds iltlrfdali cmsli ga dts tjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty pmrmfltlr.

=.< GCELNYDPL

Yg iltlrfdal tjl tjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty g` vmrdgus fltmh.

955^NDLA

YD@DN

SL^LMSNJ

SL_GSY553?=>

HSYIgnuflatsN

gpyrdkjtli.Mhhr

dkj

tsrlslrvli.



9/32


NJM_YLS 3

FLYJGIGHGKT

3.= M__MSMY\^ MAI FMYLSDMH^

=) Fltmh ngatmdalrs (^tllh, Mhufdaduf mai Ngpplr)3) Yjlrfgfltlr >) Cmsda9) ^tdrrlrs


10/32


idmkrmf =. Yjl tdfl mai tjl ngrrlspgaidak tlfplrmturl stmrtdak mt tlfplrmturl mrguai

ds rlngrili. Yjl tdfl mai tlfplrmturl ds rlngrili uatdh tjl tlfplrmturl da tjl fltmh

ngatmdalr rlmnjls mcgut . Yjl dnl-wmtlr fdxturl da tjl clmblr mai wmrf wmtlr da tjl fltmh

ngatmdalr ds stdrrli ngastmathy tjrgukjgut tjl lxplrdflat. M krmpj g` mkmdast ds phgttli mai

tjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty g` fltmh ngatmdalr nma cl nmhnuhmtli.

Yjl stlps mrl tjl smfl mai rlplmtli `gr iltlrfdamtdga tjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty g` stllh

ngatmdalr, ngpplr ngatmdalr mai mhufdaduf ngatmdalr. Nmhnuhmtdga ds igal cy `drst, `dai gut tjl

tjdnbalss g` tjl fltmh ngatmdalr,

. [jlrl ds tjl lxtlramh idmfltlr mai ds tjl datlramh

idmfltlr. ^lngai, `dai tjl , rmidus g` fltmh ngatmdalr wjdnj kdvla cy5

Yjdri, tjl krmidlat g` krmpj mkmdast ds iltlrfdali tg cl ngfpmrli da

. @rgf tjmt lqumtdga, krmidlat ds

. Mt hmst, , tjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty g` fltmh

ngatmdalr nma cl iltlrfdali, wjdnj .

Sltgrt stmai^tdrrlr

Yjlrfgfltlr

Dnl wmtlr

[mrf wmtlr

Cmsda

Fltmh Ngatmdalr

Idmkrmf =^ltup mppmrmtus

055^NDLA

YD@DN

SL^LMSNJ

SL_GSY553?=>

HSYIgnuflatsN

gpyrdkjtli.Mhhr

dkj

tsrlslrvli.



11/32


3.> IMYM NGHHLNYDGA

^lvlrmh cggbs mai gahdal pmkls ds rlvdlwli cl`grl plr`grf imtm nghhlntdga. Yjl sdfphlst fltjgi

mai `mstlst wmy da tjl nmhnuhmtdga ds pdnbli tg iltlrfdal tjl tjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty vmhul. Mhh tjl imtm

ds tmcuhmtli mai nmhnuhmtli cmsli ga tjl ilrdvli `grfuhms.

Flmsurlflats5

Fltmh Ngatmdalr

Lxtlramh idmfltlr, Datlramh idmfltlr,

= 3 Mvlrmkl = 3 Mvlrmkl

^tllh

Ngpplr

Mhufdaduf

Ymchl MDatlramh idmfltlr mai lxtlramh idmfltlr g` fltmh ngatmdalrs

Yjl idmfltlr ds flmsurli usdak vlradlr nmhdplr wdtj slasdtdvdty . Yjl zlrg rlmidaks mai lrrgr ds stmtli. Mvlrmkl rlmidak ds nmhnuhmtli cy

.

Fltmh Ngatmdalr

Yjdnbalss g` fltmh ngatmdalr,

Smidus g` fltmh ngatmdalr,

^tllh

Ngpplr

Mhufdaduf

Ymchl CYjdnbalss mai rmidus g` fltmh ngatmdalrs

;55^NDLA

YD@DN

SL^LMSNJ

SL_GSY553?=>

HSYIgnuflatsN

gpyrdkjtli.Mhhr

dkj

tsrlslrvli.



12/32


Ylfplrmturl g` wmrf

wmtlr da fltmh ngatmdalr,

Ydfl,

= 3 Mvlrmkl

>.?.? >.9?

3.33

3?.? >.??

=?

HSYIgnuflatsN

gpyrdkjtli.Mhhr

dkj

tsrlslrvli.



13/32


NJM_YLS >

SL^\HY^ MAI ID^N\^^DGA^

>.= GC^LSPMYDGA^ MAI SL^\HY^

Yjl flmsurlflats g` fltmh ngatmdalrs ds igal mai tmcuhmtli da tmchl clhgw. Yjl idmfltlr g` fltmh

ngatmdalrs ds flmsurli usdak vlradlr nmhdplr.

Ulrg rlmidak g` vlradlr nmhdplr

Fltmh Ngatmdalr

Lxtlramh idmfltlr,

Datlramh idmfltlr,

= 3 Mvlrmkl = 3 Mvlrmkl

^tllh


14/32


Ylfplrmturl g` wmrf wmtlr

da fltmh ngatmdalr,

Ydfl,

= 3 Mvlrmkl

>.?.? >.9? ?.34 ?.3: ?.34

3.33 ?.03 ?.03 ?.03

3?.? >.?? =.=3 =.=< =.=9

=3

...Slngridak tlfplrmturl, tdfl mai `grstllh ngatmdalr

Yjl tjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty nma cl dilatd`dli `rgf tjds lqumtdga, .

?.??

?.


15/32


Krmidlat,

Yjl tjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty g` stllh ds `guai gut tg cl

==55^NDLA

YD@DN

SL^LMSNJ

SL_GSY553?=>

HSYIgnuflatsN

gpyrdkjtli.Mhhr

dkj

tsrlslrvli.



16/32



da fltmh ngatmdalr,

Ydfl,

= 3 Mvlrmkl

>.?.? >.9? ?.?9 ?.?; ?.?0

3.33 ?.=3 ?.=< ?.=9

3?.? >.?? ?.=: ?.3= ?.3?

=> ?.>=

=?.? 3.>? ?.>: ?.9? ?.9?


17/32


Krmidlat,

Yjl tjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty g` ngpplr ds `guai gut tg cl

=>55^NDLA

YD@DN

SL^LMSNJ

SL_GSY553?=>

HSYIgnuflatsN

gpyrdkjtli.Mhhr

dkj

tsrlslrvli.



18/32



da fltmh ngatmdalr,

Ydfl,

= 3 Mvlrmkl

>.?.? >.9? ?.?: ?.=3 ?.=?

3.33 ?.3= ?.3> ?.33

3?.? >.?? ?.>: ?.93 ?.9?

=


19/32


Krmidlat,

Yjl tjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty g` mhufdaduf ds `guai gut tg cl

=

HSYIgnuflatsN

gpyrdkjtli.Mhhr

dkj

tsrlslrvli.



20/32


>.3 DAYLS_SLYMYDGA MAI ID^N\^^DGA^

M`tlr tjl lxplrdflat jmi clla igal, tjl rlsuhts sjgws tjmt tjl tjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty g` fltmh

ngatmdalrs mrl mrrmakli da danrlmsdak grilr, ^tllh 8 Mhufdaduf 8 Ngpplr. Yjus, tjl iliuntdga wdhh

cl tjl ngpplr ds jdkj l``dndlany fltmh tjmt ds mchl tg ngaiunt tjl fgst jlmt plr slngai ngfpmrli tg

mhufdaduf mai stllh.

D` wl gctmda tjl imtm gahdal dt ds `guai gut tjmt tjl tjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty vmhul ds agt fmtnj

lxmnthy ms sjgwa wdtj m id``lrlanl g` hlss tjma ngfpmrli tg mntumh vmhul. Yjl nmusls wdhh cl tjl

fltmh ngatmdalrs fmy agt cl m purl fltmh iurdak prgiuntdga mai iul tg tjl lrrgr gnnurrli iurdak

tjl lxplrdflats cy usdak aga-stmaimri mppmrmtus, dfprgplr sltup gr tjl surrguaidak ngaidtdga

da`hulanls.

Yjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty gctmda lxplrdflatmhhy `gr stllh , ngpplr

mai mhufdaduf wjdnj ds id``lrlat `rgf tjl prgplrtdls tmchl g`

ngaiuntdvl fmtlrdmhs5 drga , ngpplr mai mhufdaduf

. @rgf jlrl, wl balw tjmt tjl id``lrlanl g` tjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty ngfpmrli tg

mntumh vmhul ds mhwmys fgrl tjma wjmt wl gctmdali, tjl rlmsga ds stmtli.

Yjl tjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty g` fltmh nma mhsg cl hdabli wdtj lhlntrdnmh ngaiuntdvdty2 tjl jdkjlr

tjl tjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty vmhul daidnmtli tjmt tjl lhlntrdnmh ngaiuntmanl da tjl fltmh ds jdkj mai

l``dndlat. Clsdils, tjl l``dndlany g` lhlntrdnmh ngaiuntdvdty nma cl rlhmtli wdtj lhlntrdnmh rlsdstdvdty,

tjl jdkjlr vmhul g` lhlntrdn ngaiuntdvdty daidnmtli tjl lhlntrdnmh rlsdstdvdty ds hgw ngfpmrli tg hgwlr

vmhul g` lhlntrdn ngaiuntdvdty.

Lrrgrs gnnurrli iurdak davlstdkmtdga sunj ms systlfmtdn lrrgr wjdnj ds nmat cl mvgdili mai

rmaigf lrrgr wjdnj ds jufma fdstmbls. Dts ds gvlrngfl cy plr`grf rlplmtdak lxplrdflats tg gctmda

slngaimry imtm da grilr tg tmbl mvlrmkl `rgf 3 rlmidaks, tjds sjgwa tg cl danrlmsl tjl mnnurmny g`

tjl rlsuhts mai dts fmbl surl tg cl ngasdstlany.

=055^NDLA

YD@DN

SL^LMSNJ

SL_GSY553?=>

HSYIgnuflatsN

gpyrdkjtli.Mhhr

dkj

tsrlslrvli.



21/32


Iurdak lxplrdflat, `ma ds swdtnjli g`` mai gtjlrs sgurnl g` ngghdak ds lasurl tg cl g`` tg

lasurl tjl ngghdak g` wmrf wmtlr ds purlhy igal cy jlmt trmas`lr agt surrguaidak da`hulanl. ^tdrrlr

ds fgvdak up mai igwa ngastmathy tjrgukjgut tjl lxplrdflat mai tjlrfgfltlr ds usli tg stdr tjl

wmrf wmtlr dasdil tjl fltmh ngatmdalr ms wlhh ms tjl tlfplrmturl rlmidak. Imtm rlngridak egc g`

tdfl ds plr`grfli cy tjl smfl plrsga tjrgukjgut tjl lxplrdflat.

Slslmrnj qulstdgas tjmt prgpgsli jmi maswlrli clhgw5

=. [jmt ds tjl ^D uadt g` tjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty7Yjl uadt g` tjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty ds ([mtt plr fltlr blhvda). [jlrl,

^D uadt g` tjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty

3. [jdnj fltmh g` tjl `ghhgwdak jmvdak jdkjlst tjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty vmhul7Ngpplr / ^tllh / Mhufdaduf

@rgf tjl lxplrdflats, ngpplr ds `guai gut tg jmvl tjl jdkjlst vmhul `gr tjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty.

Yjds jmpplali tg cl smfl da rlmh hd`l sdtumtdga.

>. [jmt ds tjl mpphdnmtdga g` `daidak tjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty7Yjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty ds `guai tg iltlrfdal tjl ngaiuntdvdty g` jlmt da fltmh. Dts tjla rlhmtli tg

lhlntrdnmh ngaiuntdvdty mai lhlntrdnmh rlsdstdvdty wjdnj jlhp da prgiuntdga g` jlmt sdab systlf.

=;55^NDLA

YD@DN

SL^LMSNJ

SL_GSY553?=>

HSYIgnuflatsN

gpyrdkjtli.Mhhr

dkj

tsrlslrvli.



22/32


NJM_YLS 9

NGANH\^DGA

@rgf tjl rlsuhts, ngpplr mrl jmvdak tjl jdkjlst tjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty vmhul. Dts tjl clst

njgdnl mfgak tjl tjrll fltmhs tg cl ilsdka ms m jlmt sprlmilr da jlmt sdab systlf. Yjl tjlrfmh

ngaiuntdvdty vmhul `guai `rgf tjl lxplrdflat ds mrrmakli da danrlmsdak grilr, ^tllh 8 Mhufdaduf 8

Ngpplr.

Da lhlntrgadn ilvdnls, dts ag igucts tjmt ngpplr jlmt lxnjmaklr ds usli da ngghdak igwa tjl

ngfpgalats da sfmrtpjgals, krmpjdns nmri lvla da prgnlssgrs. ^g, tjl fltmh wjdnj ds jdkj lagukj

da tjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty mrl mchl tg idssdpmtl jlmt cy trmas`lr `rgf gal phmtl tg magtjlr phmtl mai

ngghdak ds igwa cy mdr fgvlflat.

Yjl vmhul g` tjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty `guai da lxplrdflats nma cl rlvdsli cy usdak jdkj-

stmaimri lqudpflat, prgplr sltup mai usl idkdtmh flmsurdak lqudpflats da flmsurdak wjdnj wdhh

danrlmsl tjl mnnurmny g` rlsuhts mai tjl gctmdali vmhul wdhh fl fgrl nhgslr tg tjl mntumh vmhul.

@rgf tjds lxplrdflat, tjl tlnjadqul tjmt mpphdli ds ilrdvdak lqumtdgas, mamhysl lqumtdgas

mai dilatd`dli tjlrfmh ngaiuntdvdty pmrmfltlr cy ngfpmrdak tjl krmidlat g` tjl krmpj. Hmsthy, mhh

gcelntdvls jmi clla mnjdlvli.

=:55^NDLA

YD@DN

SL^LMSNJ

SL_GSY553?=>

HSYIgnuflatsN

gpyrdkjtli.Mhhr

dkj

tsrlslrvli.



23/32


SL@LSLANL^

=. Ylrry F. Yrdtt. Yjlrfmh Ngaiuntdvdty5 Yjlgry, _rgplrtdls, mai Mpphdnmtdgas (_jysdns g` ^ghdismai Hdqudis). Nhlfsga \advlrsdty, ^gutj Nmrghdam.

3. Emnb Lbda (3??0). Lxplrdflatmh Ylnjadquls5 Nrygstmt Ilsdka, Fmtlrdmh _rgplrtdls mai^uplrngaiuntgr Nrdtdnmh-Nurrlat Ylstdak. Krlmt Crdtmda.

>. [mhlli Jussmda (3?=3). Yjlrfmh Ngaiuntdvdty mai Idlhlntrdn _rgplrtdls g` ngfpgsdtls. HM_HMFCLSY Mnmilfdn _uchdsjdak.

9. Jmhhdimy, Imvdi2 Slsadnb, Sgclrt2 & [mhblr, Elmrh(=44;). @uaimflatmhs g` _jysdns (


24/32

Mntdvdtdls _jgtgs

=. ^ltup mppmrmtus

3. Fltmh Ngatmdalrs

Ngpplr ^tllh Mhufdauf


25/32

>. Dfmkls

Dnl wmtlr cmtj [mra wmtlr dasdil =nf clhgw tjl dnl wmtlr

^tdrlr phmnli gutsdil g` tjl fltmh ngatmdalr


26/32

Lavdrgaflatmh, Njlfdstry & Jmzmrigus Fmtlrdmhs Alws, Nmrllrs &Slsgurnls

_lrdgidn Ymchl g` Lhlflats

^grtli cy Yjlrfmh NgaiuntdvdtyAmfl ^yf

?.????>09 [/nfB Smiga Sa :

?.????

?.???=;;3 [/nfB Mrkga Mr =

?.???3 [/nfB Alga Al =

?.??=33 [/nfB Crgfdal Cr >

?.??=< [/nfB _jgspjgrus _ =

?.??304 [/nfB ^uh`ur ^ =

?.??994 [/nfB Dgidal D ?.?3>< [/nfB Ylhhurduf Yl [/nfB Alptuaduf Ap 4

?.?0;9 [/nfB _hutgaduf _u 4

?.?;:3 [/nfB Fmakmalsl Fa 3

?.?;:; [/nfB Cdsfutj Cd :

?.?:>9 [/nfB Flrnury Jk :

?.= [/nfB Hmwrlanduf Hr =

?.= [/nfB Ldastldaduf Ls 4

?.= [/nfB Clrblhduf Cb 4?.= [/nfB Nmhd`graduf N` 4

?.= [/nfB @lrfduf @f =

?.= [/nfB Nurduf Nf 4

?.= [/nfB Agclhduf Ag =

?.= [/nfB Mflrdnduf Mf 4

?.= [/nfB Flailhlvduf Fi =

?.=?0 [/nfB Kmighdaduf Ki 0

?.=?; [/nfB Iysprgsduf Iy 0

?.=== [/nfB Ylrcduf Yc 0?.==9 [/nfB Nlrduf Nl ;593 _F


27/32

?.=>> [/nfB ^mfmrduf ^f 0

?.=>< [/nfB Hmatjmauf Hm 4 [/nfB Lurgpduf Lu 0

?.=9> [/nfB Lrcduf Lr 0

?.=< [/nfB @rmanduf @r :

?.=

?.=;4 [/nfB _rgfltjduf _f 0

?.=:9 [/nfB Cmrduf Cm [/nfB Jm`aduf J` ;

?.3> [/nfB Sutjlr`griduf S` =

?.39> [/nfB Matdfgay ^c 94 [/nfB Tttlrcduf Tc ;

?.> [/nfB Hlmi _c :

?.> [/nfB ^trgatduf ^r >

?.>

?.90= [/nfB Yjmhhduf Yh :

?.9; [/nfB _rgtmntdaduf _m 4

?.9;4 [/nfB Sjladuf Sl ;

?.


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?.4>; [/nfB Njrgfduf Nr 3

?.40: [/nfB Nmifduf Ni 9

= [/nfB Ngcmht Ng 3

=.?39 [/nfB _gtmssduf B =

=.=0 [/nfB Udan Ua >

=.=; [/nfB Sutjladuf Su 9

=.34 [/nfB Nmrcga N 0=.>: [/nfB Fghycilauf Fg 9

=.9= [/nfB ^giduf Am =

=.9; [/nfB Drdiduf Dr ;

=.9: [/nfB ^dhdnga ^d =

=.< [/nfB Sjgiduf Sj 9

=.; [/nfB Mhufdauf Mh =

>.=; [/nfB Kghi Mu ;

9.?= [/nfB Ngpplr Nu 3

9.34 [/nfB ^dhvlr Mk 9

RHmst \pimtli5 3/33/3??;V

Ndtdak tjds pmkl

D` ygu alli tg ndtl tjds pmkl, ygu nma ngpy tjds tlxt5

Blaaltj Cmrcmhmnl. _lrdgidn Ymchl g` Lhlflats - ^grtli cy Yjlrfmh Ngaiuntdvdty. LavdrgaflatmhNjlfdstry.ngf. =44. Mnnlssli ga-hdal5 4/;/3?=>jttp5//LavdrgaflatmhNjlfdstry.ngf/ygkd/plrdgidn/tjlrfmh.jtfh.

Ngpyrdkjt =44< - 3?=> Blaaltj H Cmrcmhmnl (E.B. Cmrcmhmnl, dan., wlcsdtl ilvlhgpflat)AG SL_\CHD^JDAK DA MAT @GSF (danhuidak ga gtjlr wlcsdtls), da wjghl gr da pmrt, `gr may rlmsga, wdtjgut wrdttla

plrfdssdga._rdatli `rgf jttp5//LavdrgaflatmhNjlfdstry.ngf

gidn Ymchl g` Lhlflats5 grtli cy Yjlrfmh Ngaiuntdvdty (Lavdrgaf... jttp5//lavdrgaflatmhnjlfdstry.ngf/ygkd/plrdgidn/tjlrfmh.jtfh

> 4/;/3?=> ;593 _F


29/32

Jlmt ^dabs

Yjlrfmh @mnts mai @mdry Ymhls5 Jlmt

^dabs, Jlmt Lxnjmaklrs mai JdstgryAgvlfclr 33ai, 3?==

Cy Edf [dhsga

Nmtlkgrdls5Jlmt ^dabs

Dssul5Agvlfclr 3?==

Ms `mr ms jdstgry kgls, tjl `dlhi g` lhlntrgadns ngghdak igls agt jmvl m vlry hgak pmst.

M rmtjlr qudnb hggb tjrgukj fy plrsgamh rl`lrlanl fmtlrdmh tjmt ds strdnthy klmrli

tgwmris ngghdak lhlntrgadns jmi mt tjl lmrhdlst sgfl \^ Amvy ignuflats `rgf tjl=4


30/32

@dkurl =.^dfphl jlmt sdab.

Yjl usl g` jlmt lxnjmaklr tjlgry prgvdils m kggi lxmfphl wjlrl tjlrl ds m pgssdchl

clal`dt `rgf tjdabdak mcgut tjl prgchlfs wl mrl sghvdak rgf fgrl tjma gal

vdlwpgdat. Ngasdilr tjl sdfphl dhhustrmtdga g` m jlmt sdab sjgwa da @dkurl =. Jlmt

sdab supphdlrs mai ilsdkalrs, lsplndmhhy da mdr ngghli lhlntrgadns, hdbl tg usl m

tjlrfmh rlsdstmanl typl ilsnrdptdga sunj ms

Stj6 =/jM 6 (Ysur`-Ynggh-da)/q

^danl tjl rlsdstmanl nma vmry wdtj tjl ngghmat vlhgndty, da`grfmtdga mcgut jgw Stjvmrdls wdtj vlhgndty fmy cl prgvdili. Yjl ngghmat tlfplrmturl g` rl`lrlanl ds tjl

dahlt tlfplrmturl. [jdhl tjds mpprgmnj ds ngavladlat, tjlrl dsat funj alli tg tjdab

mcgut usdak m fdadfuf mfguat g` ngghmat mai gtjlr ngastrmdats sunj ms agdsl mai

prdfl pgwlr tg fgvl tjl ngghmat fmy idntmtl tjl `hgw rmtl. Lakdallrs tjmt ngfl`rgf ma mvdgadns cmnbkrguai typdnmhhy ngasdilr tjmt tjl ngghmat wdhh njmakl

tlfplrmturl ms tjl wmstl jlmt ds miili. G`tla, tjl ngghmat `hgw rmtl ds splnd`dli da

tlrfs g` `hgw rmtl plr B[ g` jlmt sunj tjmt tjl tlfplrmturl rdsl g` tjl ngghmat `rgf

dahlt tg lxdt ds ngastmat `gr id``lrlat lhlntrgadn msslfchdls. Yjl fdaislt ds tg usl tjl

ngghmat ms l``dndlathy ms pgssdchl clnmusl miidtdgamh ngghmat ds ldtjlr agt pgssdchl gr

vlry lxplasdvl. Gal g` tjl pgtlatdmh clal`dts g` mpphydak jlmt lxnjmaklr tjlgry tg

lhlntrgadns ngghdak ds tjmt dt nma prgvdil gal wmy g` hggbdak mt l``dndlany.

rfmh @mnts mai @mdry Ymhls5 Jlmt ^dabs, Jlmt Lxnjmaklrs mai Jdstgr... jttp5//www.lhlntrgadns-ngghdak.ngf/3?==/==/tjlrfmh-`mnts-mai- mdry-tm...

9 4/:/3?=> >59? _F


31/32

@dkurl 3._hgt g` lqumtdga 9.

Fg``mt R3V prgvdils m kggi idsnussdga ga jlmt lxnjmaklr tjlgry mpphdli tg mdr

ngghli jlmt sdabs mai klalrmh jlmt lxnjmaklr tjlgry nma cl `guai da fgst jlmt

trmas`lr tlxtcggbs R>V. [jdhl tjl tjlgry wms fgsthy ilvlhgpli tg ilmh wdtj twg

`hudis, m cguaidak nmsl wjlrl gal g` tjl `hudi tlfplrmturls idi agt njmakl (sunj ms

wdtj ngailasmtdga gr lvmpgrmtdga) sdfphd`dls tjl lqumtdgas mai nma cl rlprlslatmtdvlg` jlmt sdabs usli tg nggh lhlntrgadns. M uad`grf tlfplrmturl `gr Ysur`ds gahy ma

mpprgxdfmtdga cut usl`uh `gr dhhustrmtdga. Jlmt lxnjmaklr mamhysds `rlqulathy usls

wjmt ds bagwa ms tjl l``lntdvlalss-AY\ fltjgi wjlrl tjl l``lntdvlalss rlprlslats

tjl mntumh jlmt trmas`lr idvdili cy tjl fmxdfuf pgssdchl jlmt trmas`lr. Yjl AY\, gr

Aufclr g` Yrmas`lr \adts, ds m idflasdgahlss pmrmfltlr tjmt rlhmtls tjl jlmt trmas`lr

ngavlntdvl rlsdstmanls tg tjl ngghmat `hgw jlmt nmpmndty. [jdhl tjl iltmdhs mrl

clygai tjl sngpl g` tjds sjgrt nghufa, m typdnmh jlmt sdab (gr nghi phmtl) nma cl

ilsnrdcli wdtj tjl `ghhgwdak lqumtdgas (mssufdak tjmt tjl sdfphd ydak mssufptdga g`

gal sur`mnl tlfplrmturl ds rlmsgamchl).

= Mntumh jlmt trmas`lr 6 Nnggh*(Ynggh-gut Ynggh-da)2

(Nngghds tjl fmss `hgw tdfls tjl jlmt nmpmndty `gr tjl ngghmat)

3 Fmxdfuf pgssdchl jlmt trmas`lr 6 Nnggh*(Ysur` Ynggh-da)

> L``lntdvlalss 6 L 6 (Ynggh-gut Ynggh-da)/ (Ysur Ynggh-da)

9 L``lntdvlalss 6 = lxp(-AY\), wjlrl AY\ 6 jM/Nnggh

Mt tjds pgdat, sgflgal usli tg usdak rlsdstmanl cmsli nganlpts `gr jlmt sdabs fdkjt

msb wjy kg tg mhh tjds trguchl. Yjl rlmsga `gr tjdabdak mcgut tjl prgchlf da tjlsl

tlrfs ds tjl `grf g` lqumtdga 9 wjdnj ds sjgwa krmpjdnmhhy da @dkurl 3. Agtl tjmt d`

wl wmat tg danrlmsl tjl l``lntdvlalss g` gur jlmt sdab wl alli tg danrlmsl AY\.

Gal wmy tg danrlmsl tjl AY\ tlrf ds tg ilnrlmsl tjl ngghmat jlmt nmpmndty cut wjdhl

gur l``lntdvlalss danrlmsli, tjl rlsuhtdak tlfplrmturl `gr tjl sur`mnl fmy agt clmnnlptmchl. Yjl gtjlr wmy ds tg danrlmsl tjl jM tlrf wjdnj flmas ldtjlr hmrklr mrlm

gr m jdkjlr l``lntdvl jlmt trmas`lr ngl``dndlat. Yjl lakdallrdak njmhhlakl ds tg

fdadfdzl tjl ilnrlmsl da l``lntdvlalss ms ngghmat `hgw rmtls danrlmsl. Agtl tjmt tjl

hdfdt ds wjla tjl sur`mnl tlfplrmturl mai tjl ngghmat lxdt mrl mt tjl smfl

tlfplrmturl, gr tjl systlf jms ma l``lntdvlalss g` =. Yjds hdfdt ds `grfmhhy gahy `gr m

ngastmat tlfplrmturl cguaimry ngaidtdga (ms gppgsli tg uad`grf `hux gr fdxli

cguaimry ngaidtdga) mai ds gahy m tjlgrltdnmh fmxdfuf, cut dt igls prgvdil m cmsds

`gr ngfpmrdsga. Fgrl ngfphlx systlfs sunj ms nghi phmtls wdtj fuhtdphl jlmtsgurnls gr sdkad`dnmat ngghmat tlfplrmturl vmrdmtdga fmy rlqudrl fgrl iltmdh tg

msslss cut tjl klalrmh trlais mrl sdfdhmr. Jdstgrdnmh lhlntrdnmh mamhgky trlmtflat g`

nghi phmtls (typdnmh da mvdgadns) suc-idvdils tjl prgchlf datg zgals mai mnnguats `gr


9 4/:/3?=> >59? _F


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tjl ngghmat rdsl cut fmbl tjl mssufptdga tjmt m jlmt trmas`lr ngl``dndlat rlhmtdvl tg m

hgnmh ngghmat tlfplrmturl ds bagwa. ^gfl jlmt sdab rlsdstmanl nmhnuhmtdgas mii da m

`hudi rlsdstmanl cut tjl rlmilr ds nmutdgali tjmt tjds tlrfdaghgky nma cl

prgchlfmtdn R3V.

[l mrl g`tla msbli tg jlhp ilsdka fgrl l``dndlat systlfs cut sgfltdfls tjl

il`dadtdga g` l``dndlat ds vmkul. @rgf tjl plrsplntdvl g` ngghmat da mai guttlfplrmturls, tjl jlmt trmas`lr prgnlss ds =??% l``dndlat mai tjl jlmt laili up da

tjl ngghmat. Jgwlvlr, tjl rlmh qulstdga fmy cl, nma tjl ngghdak egc cl mnngfphdsjli

wdtj m hgwlr `hgw rmtl mai stdhh jmvl mnnlptmchl tlfplrmturls7 Yjlrfmh lakdallrs

nma pmrtdndpmtl mai lvla hlmi idsnussdgas ga ilvlhgpdak lvla fgrl l``dndlat systlfs

cut wl clal`dt wjla wl hggb mt prgchlfs `rgf fuhtdphl vdlwpgdats mai lvla

vlaturl gut datg tjl rlslmrnj `rgf rlhmtli `dlhis.

Sl`lrlanls

Curlmu g` ^jdps Amv^jdps 4??,=4?, Kudil Fmaumh g` Ngghdak Fltjgis gr

Lhlntrgadn Lqudpflat, = Agvlfclr, =4ri

lidtdga, [dhly, Alw Tgrb. h


stpm sba physics report 2013

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