str654 - lecture 4b 2019
TRANSCRIPT
Sherif A. Mourad. Faculty of Engineering.
Cairo University
November 2020
STR654 1
STR654Special Topics in Steel Structures
Lecture 4b, October 15, 2019
Sherif A. Mourad
Professor of Steel Structures and Bridges
Faculty of Engineering,
Cairo University
TOPIC
Steel Erection Specifications. General.
Environmental constraints.
Safety.
Bridge inspector’s record.
Preliminary work.
Erection and assembly.
HSB connections.
Checklist.
Erection Tolerances
Sherif A. Mourad. Faculty of Engineering.
Cairo University
November 2020
STR654 2
TOPIC
Erection activities include:
Delivery of steel to site.
Handling.
Temporary storage.
Falsework.
Lifting assembly.
Completion of connections.
Installation of bearings/expansion.
ERECTION
Method depends on the type of structure, spans, equipment available & site condition.
Erection procedure shall consider stability under partial erection.
Erection of main elements shall ensure that they are not subject to overstressing.
Field splices and temporary supports.
Special cases.
Sherif A. Mourad. Faculty of Engineering.
Cairo University
November 2020
STR654 3
ENVIRONMENTAL
CONSTRAINTS
Removal of all temporary works.
Leave the site in a neat condition.
Clean-up of areas outside the site.
Berms, temporary piling, falsework.
Riverbanks, pits, …
SAFETY
Health and safety plan.
Hazard assessment, elimination and control.
Cranes and hoists.
Entrances, walkways, stairs and ladders.
Personal protective equipment.
Sherif A. Mourad. Faculty of Engineering.
Cairo University
November 2020
STR654 4
INSPECTION
RECORD Access for inspection.
As-built survey and camber record.
All shim levels.
Final elevations.
Settings for bearings.
Environmental conditions during measurements.
ERECTION
PROCEDURE
Traffic accommodation.
Substructure survey.
Access to work.
Sequence of operations.
Size and position of cranes.
Lifting devices and lifting options.
Sherif A. Mourad. Faculty of Engineering.
Cairo University
November 2020
STR654 5
ERECTION
PROCEDURE Falsework design.
Bolt torque method and sequence.
Securing position prior to grouting or bolting.
Grout procedure.
Falsework release.
Temporary access removal.
INSPECTOR
CHECKLIST Review & understand erection
procedure. Review falsework & traffic plan. Ensure complete survey of
substructure (independent survey). Alignment and level of bearings. Anchor bolt location. Bearing area on steel and concrete.
Sherif A. Mourad. Faculty of Engineering.
Cairo University
November 2020
STR654 6
INSPECTOR
CHECKLIST
INSPECTOR
CHECKLISTSurface finish of concrete for
bearings.
Minor grinding/chipping required.
Leveling (shims).
Grouting for anchor bolts and base plates/bearing.
Grout temperature.
Sherif A. Mourad. Faculty of Engineering.
Cairo University
November 2020
STR654 7
ERECTION
& ASSEMBLY Check elevations.
Special requirement for splices and field connections: 25% of the holes filled with bolts and 25% with erection pins before final bolting commences.
Serious misfits – remedy procedure.
Removal of shims, wedges, … so that the structure is carrying its own weight.
Check elevations after erection.
ERECTION
& ASSEMBLY
Expansion and bearing assemblies are properly offset.
Do not commence bolt tightening before the elevations are approved.
Steel to be left clean and free of mud, dust, oil, ...
Temporary works inside water channel.
Sherif A. Mourad. Faculty of Engineering.
Cairo University
November 2020
STR654 8
BOLTING
Rivets.
Ordinary bolts.
High Strength Bolts
Bearing type.
Friction type.
RIVETS
Sherif A. Mourad. Faculty of Engineering.
Cairo University
November 2020
STR654 9
BOLTS
ORDINARY BOLTS
Components.
Strength.
Tolerance in hole size.
Sherif A. Mourad. Faculty of Engineering.
Cairo University
November 2020
STR654 10
HIGH STRENGTH
BOLTS
Components.
Strength.
Tolerance in hole size.
ERECTION
TOLERANCES
IN THE EGYPTIAN
CODE
Sherif A. Mourad. Faculty of Engineering.
Cairo University
November 2020
STR654 11
ERECTION
TOLERANCE
Overall dimensions of a building.
h or L =
±20mm for L ≤ 30 m
±20+0.25(L – 30) mm
for L>30 m
Maximum h or L is 50 mm
ERECTION
TOLERANCE
Level of top of floor slab. Floor
bearing on column.
h
± 5 mm
Sherif A. Mourad. Faculty of Engineering.
Cairo University
November 2020
STR654 12
ERECTION
TOLERANCEInclination of column in a multi-
story building; maximum deviation
for the vertical line between
adjacent floor slabs.
vh
0.003 h1
h1 = floor height under construction
ERECTION
TOLERANCE Inclination of column in a multi-story
building; maximum deviation for the vertical line through the intended location of the column base.
v1
0.0035(Σ h1)3/(n+2)
n = number of floors
Sherif A. Mourad. Faculty of Engineering.
Cairo University
November 2020
STR654 13
ERECTION
TOLERANCE
Inclination of column in a single-story residential building; maximum deviation for the vertical line.
vh1
0.0035 h
h = single-story floor height
ERECTION
TOLERANCEInclination of column in a portal
frame in an industrial building (not
supporting crane gantry), maximum
deviation for the vertical line.
vhp1 or vhp2 ≤ 0.010 h
(vhp1+vhp2)/2 ≤ 0.002h
Sherif A. Mourad. Faculty of Engineering.
Cairo University
November 2020
STR654 14
ERECTION
TOLERANCE
Unintended eccentricity of girder
bearing (e0).
e0 ≤ 5 mm
ERECTION
TOLERANCE
Distance between adjacent steel
columns at any level (ls).
± 15 mm
Sherif A. Mourad. Faculty of Engineering.
Cairo University
November 2020
STR654 15
ERECTION
TOLERANCE
Distance between adjacent steel
girders at any level.
lt
± 20 mm
ERECTION
TOLERANCE
Positional deviation of a column base in relation to the column axis through the head of the column below (applied also in the case of indirect load transmission).
e2
5 mm in any direction
Sherif A. Mourad. Faculty of Engineering.
Cairo University
November 2020
STR654 16
ERECTION
TOLERANCE
Deviation in level of bearing
surfaces on steel columns (crane
girder level).
hc
+0 & – 10 mm
ERECTION
TOLERANCE
Positional deviation of bearing
surfaces.
e3
± 5 mm