streaming current monitor for coagulant optimization … current monitor for... · streaming...

STREAMING CURRENT MONITOR FOR

COAGULANT OPTIMIZATION IN

WATER TREATMENT PLANTS

- LAP EXPERIENCE

DECEMBER 15, 2015 (TUESDAY)9.30 am

BORNEO WATER & WASTE WATER EXHIBITION 2015

PRESENTATION OVERVIEW

Introduction (LAP)

Coagulation & Flocculation

Why Streaming Current?

Material & Methodology

Streaming Current Technologies Applications

Streaming Current for Process Control

Result & Conclusion

2

BWWE – JTJAD Conference 2015Kuching Sarawak

14 – 16 December 2015Borneo Convention Centre

Our Water Resources Manage . Safeguard . Conserve

INTRODUCTION

Perak Water Board ( LAP ) isthe sole water provider forstate of Perak, Malaysia

Production : 1,200 millionliters per day (MLD)

No. of treatment plant : 46(operate using conventionaltreatment method)

Raw water sources : Riverwater

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14 – 16 December 2015Borneo Convention Centre Kuching




WATER TREATMENT PLANT

The raw water being treated are mostly fromsurface waters

In recent years, we realized that the waterresources has changes in quality & quantity

Rapid changes in turbidity causes difficulty inmaintaining the optimum dosing of coagulant

During raining season, the turbidity do rapidlychange cause difficulties in order to maintainoptimum dosing of coagulant & chemicals

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River water turbidity usually increase after heavy rainfall inthe catchment areas.

Perak River Water turbidity varies from 20 NTU to morethan 1000 NTU

Perak River supply almost 40% of total needs

Accumulative catchment area about 11,098km2 ; that areacovered 54% of Perak State.

Rainfall in Malaysia (November 2014)

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Average Rainfall in Ipoh

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Figures shows differences after rainfall in the catchment areas

BEFORE AFTERKg Senin WTP Kg Senin WTP

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PERAK RIVER

Kg Senin Water Treatment Plant 8




PERAK RIVER (KUALA KANGSAR)

PERAK RIVER

INTAKE KOTA LAMA KIRI10




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PERAK RIVER DAILY MAXIMUM TURBIDITY 2014

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January February March April May June July August

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PERAK RIVER DAILY MAXIMUM TURBIDITY JAN- AUGUST 2015

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TURBIDITY REMOVAL DOSING OPTIMIZATION




COAGULATION

Coagulation control has been primary concern to waterutilities, engineers and scientists for many years.

For the decades, jar test has been conducted todetermine optimum dosage of coagulant to achieve theappropriate settling in the sedimentation tank.

Streaming current implemented in late 60’s but wasn’twidely used, due to reason of its high cost and unstablereliability.

Enhancement in rapid electronics technologies lead thedevelopment and introduction of microprocessors,streaming current monitor (SCM) become user friendly inoperation, reliable and affordable.

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WHY STREAMING CURRENT?

JAR TEST

Standard method to determineoptimum coagulant dosage forwater treatment process

The result determine by Visualcomparison or physical tests ieturbidity & color.

The general tendency in mostfacilities is to overfeedchemicals as a “safety”precaution

The tests provide only a “snapshot” of plant conditions at thetime the samples werecollected

Chemical dosing unable torespond to rapid change in rawwater quality.

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PERAK RIVER WATER (TURBIDITY : 790 NTU) 16




Fast Response to Changes in Raw WaterStreaming Current Monitors provide an early warning torapid changes in raw water turbidities e.g. storm waterinfluence and allows the adjustment of coagulantchemicals necessary to maintain optimum water quality.

Optimize Chemical UsageOperators that control the chemical dosage from jar test &based on years of experience have a tendency to overdosejust to be on the safe side. Streaming Current Monitor notonly eliminate potential of chemical over use, but SCM canactually help the operator optimize usage to the minimumlevel required to maintain optimum water quality. In mostcases the chemical usage can be reduced with no effect onwater quality.

WHY STREAMING CURRENT?

17




Streaming Current Monitoring

• How does the Streaming Current Monitor work ?

– SCM measures the net colloidal and ionic surface charge (positive & negative) of a continuously flowing sample.

• Streaming Current potential is related to Zeta potential

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OBJECTIVES

A streaming current monitor (SCM) is an instrument for measuring the charge that exists on small, suspended particle in liquid

A SCM is the only online instrument that can be used to measure coagulated particle stability for the feedback control of coagulant dosage

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MATERIAL & METHOD

• Perak Water Board has applied the Streaming CurrentMonitors (SCM) in 20 of the water treatment plantssince year 2004 to optimize the coagulant dosage inwater treatment process.

• SCM operates by using electronic sensor to determinecharge neutralization after addition of coagulant tothe raw water.

• If the correct coagulant dosage is added to theincoming raw water it should exactly neutralize thenegatively charged particles in the raw water.

• In theory, if the proper coagulant dose and acomplete mixing of the chemical has occurred, theSCM will read “0.0”.

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APPLICATIONS OF STREAMING CURRENT TECHNOLOGIES

Municipal and Industrial Water Treatment: Any process using coagulants or polymers to clarify the raw water

Aluminium sulphate (alum) / polyaluminium chloride is use for coagulation & flocculation (to clarify the river water)

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For the purpose of this paper, 5 treatmentplants which have installed SCM and itsautomatic system of controlling coagulantdosing along the Perak River are chosen.Map : Fives (5) water treatment plants alongthe Perak River

1 Kota Lama Kiri (KLK) 25 MLD

2 Sultan Idris Shah 11 (SIS) 272 MLD

3 Kg Senin (KS) 34 MLD

4 Kg Paloh (KP) 76 MLD

5 Teluk Kepayang (TKPYG) 136 MLD

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WTPs ALONG PERAK RIVER

SIS II, Parit

Kg Senin Kg Paloh

Teluk Kepayang

0.0

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JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanuaryFebruaryMarchAprilMayJuneJulyAugustSeptember

OctoberNovemberDecemberJanuaryFebruaryMarchAprilMayJuneJulyAugustSept

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

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Date

PERAK RIVER TURBIDITY 2010-2015(DATA LOJI RAWATAN AIR SULTAN IDRIS SHAH II, PARIT)

Turbidity

DAFdesigned

treatmet at 350 NTU

(max)




PERAK RIVER TURBIDITY (MAXIMUM DAILY)

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STREAMING CURRENT FOR PROCESS CONTROL

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How SCM fits into the treatment scheme.

3 important criteria for installation of SCM

– Sample point strategies

– Lag time

– Chemical feed points

STREAMING CURRENT FOR PROCESS CONTROL

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SENSOR LOCATION

Flocculator Settling Basin FiltersMixing Unit

Sensor

The Sample Point for the Sensor should be as close to chemicalinjection point as possible.

The preferred location is directly after the mixing unit.

Sample flow through the Sensor should be 1 to 5 GPM. Higher flowrates help to keep the sensor clean 28




STREAMING CURRENT CONTROL

Flocculator Settling Basin FiltersMixing Unit

PumpController

Sensor

Sample Point Well Mixed Quick Response

Set Point Defined by Operator Based on Process

Performance 29




RESULT & DISCUSSION

Water Quality before & after the treatment (Turbidity, Fe, Mn)

Chemical consumption

Treatment plant operation

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31




SETTLED WATER

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FILTER (SETTLED WATER)

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TURBIDITY

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Parameter

Drinking Water Quality Standard

(mg/l)

Perak River (Average)

Fe 0.3 0.4

Mn 0.1 0.3

Al 0.2 nd

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SCM Kota Lama Kiri37




WATER QUALITY

Ministry of Health Malaysia selected 5 performance indicators to further enhance continuous quality improvement (Quality Assurance Programme : QAP)

Five performance indicators selected are:

Residual chlorine (98.15%)

E. coli (99.65%)

Residual chlorine & E.coli (99.9%)

Turbidity (98%)

Aluminium (89.8%)

Ministry of Health sets yearly target for each indicators

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PERCENTAGE OF COMPLIANCE

All fives (5) QAP parameters complied with the standard

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No. Water Treatment Plant

Year Installed

Liquid Alum (kg)

Production (m3)

Ratio (kg/m3)

1. TelukKepayang

22/04/2004 Year 2003

1,035,817 29,256,348 0.035

Year 2004

955,066 33,896,546 0.028

Year 2005

1,043,778 36,306,876 0.029

Year 2014

1,456,910 46,803,402 0.031

Before After

Alum Usage

40


14 – 16 December 2015Borneo Convention Centre 14 – 16 December 2015

Borneo Convention Centre


No. Water Treatment Plant

Year Installed Liquid Alum (kg)

Production (m3)

Ratio (kg/m3)

2. Kota Lama Kiri

31/12/2004 Year 2004

151,834 6,235,498 0.024

Year 2005

126,713 6,758,434 0.019

YEAR 2014

289,356 10,312,117 0.026

Before After

Alum Usage

Using increase due to high turbidity

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TREATMENT PLANT OPERATION (TKPYG WTP)

NO OF FILTER NO OF FILTERS

FREQUENCY OF BACKWASHING (DAYS)

WATER USAGE FOR 1 FILTER

DAILY USAGE M3/day/filter

BEFORE 4 3 DAYS 70 m3 23

AFTER 4 5 DAYS 70 m3 14

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BENEFITS

Better quality of settled water. Maximise filter life span and less water for filter

backwashing. Eliminate Aluminium residual issues.

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CONCLUSION

The SCM can be a useful tool in coagulant optimization

SCM is capable in optimizing the coagulant dosage under fluctuation of raw water turbidity

In conclusion streaming current monitor will benefit as follows

Improve overall plant performance, consistent and high quality settled & treated water

Increased length of the filter runs (consistency of the quality of settled water)

44




THANK YOU

BWWE – JTJAD Conference 2015

Our Water Resources Manage . Safeguard . Conserved



streaming current monitor for coagulant optimization … current monitor for... · streaming...

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