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Study Unit 6 Spanish By Dr. Robert Blair

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Page 1: Study Unit 6 Spanish · 4 SPANISH ONLY LA CASA DE CHUCHURUMBEL Instructions: Listen to this story in Spanish—read along and see how much you can understand. #141 The House of Chuchurumbel

Study Unit 6

SpanishBy

Dr. Robert Blair

Page 2: Study Unit 6 Spanish · 4 SPANISH ONLY LA CASA DE CHUCHURUMBEL Instructions: Listen to this story in Spanish—read along and see how much you can understand. #141 The House of Chuchurumbel

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Preview

In this study unit, we’ll present you with more words and phrasesto listen to and learn. Throughout the course, we’ve provided youwith openers and rejoinders. These have often been in pairs. Moreare coming in this study unit, and you’ve probably noticed that thepairs can be broken up and used in different combinations. You’llalso learn more about another verb in Spanish which means “tohave.” This verb has a completely different use than tener. You’llsee how helpful it is.

When you complete this study unit, you’ll be able to

• Comprehend more words and phrases in Spanish when youhear or read them

• Respond with appropriate rejoinders to brief questions andcomments in Spanish

• Form the past participle of regular verbs

• Use the past participles of at least eleven irregular verbs

• Use the compound tenses

Page 3: Study Unit 6 Spanish · 4 SPANISH ONLY LA CASA DE CHUCHURUMBEL Instructions: Listen to this story in Spanish—read along and see how much you can understand. #141 The House of Chuchurumbel

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Table of Contents

TAPE 6, SIDE AThe Story of the Three Bears . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Openers and Rejoinders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2The House of Chuchurumbel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4A Geometry Lesson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Five Blind Men Describe an Elephant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6A Geometry Lesson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7The Shepherd Boy Who Cried Wolf! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Useful Words and Phrases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Mercury and the Woodcutters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Questions and Answers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Afantí and the Clown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Useful Words and Phrases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Past Participle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

TAPE 6, SIDE BThe Story of Little Red Riding Hood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18More Openers and Rejoinders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Needle Soup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Compound Tenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24A Geometry Lesson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Maliang and His Magic Brush . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28The Most Beautiful Thing in the World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31More on Hispanic Culture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33Recipe: Salsa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Examination: Tape 6, Side B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39

APPENDIX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Page 4: Study Unit 6 Spanish · 4 SPANISH ONLY LA CASA DE CHUCHURUMBEL Instructions: Listen to this story in Spanish—read along and see how much you can understand. #141 The House of Chuchurumbel

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SPANISH ONLYEL CUENTO DE LOS TRES OSOS

Instructions: This is a tape only activity. Close your eyes andlisten, trying to understand the Spanish.

If you had difficulty understanding this, review the account of theThree Bears on Tape 4, Side A.

#139 The Story of the Three Bears

Page 5: Study Unit 6 Spanish · 4 SPANISH ONLY LA CASA DE CHUCHURUMBEL Instructions: Listen to this story in Spanish—read along and see how much you can understand. #141 The House of Chuchurumbel

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Instructions: Listen to and learn these useful phrases andsentences.

#140 Openers and Rejoinders

Juan Gonzalez is an acquaintance of mine. Juan González es un conocido mío.I don’t know him. Yo no lo conozco.

I’m sorry, but I have to go now. Lo siento, pero tengo que salir ahora.Come and see me soon. Venga a verme pronto.

It was nice talking with you. Ha sido un placer hablar con Ud.Same here. Igualmente.

Thank you for helping me. Gracias por haberme ayudado.Thank you. Gracias a usted.

You remind me of my brother. Usted me hace acordar de mi hermano.How can that be? ¿Cómo puede ser eso?

I have something special I want to give you. Tengo una cosa especial que quiero presentarle.Thanks, but you don’t owe me anything. Gracias, pero Ud. no me debe nada.

Come at once. Venga pronto.Right away. I’m coming. Ahorita. Ya vengo.

Evidently I was mistaken. Evidentemente yo me equivoqué.You should have known. Debería de haber sabido.

You’re driving me crazy. Me vas a volver loco.But you don’t give me what I want. Pero tú no me das lo que quiero.

I know you’re busy with the exams. Sé que Ud. está ocupada con los exámenes.Yes, and in view of this, I can’t see you. Sí, y en vista de esto, no puedo verle hoy.

Perhaps we can see each other tomorrow. Tal vez mañana podamos vernos.I hope so. Espero que sí.

It’s been a long time since we’ve seen each other. Hace mucho tiempo que no nos vemos.Too long. Demasiado tiempo.

Everybody is contributing but the rich. Todos contribuyen menos los ricos.That I don’t understand. No comprendo eso.

I’m sorry for having run over you! ¡Siento mucho que la pisé!It’s nothing. Such things happen. No es nada. Tales cosas suceden.

Point out the way. Muéstrame el camino.I don’t know the way myself. Ni yo misma sé el camino.

I was ashamed of you. Yo estaba avergonzada de tí.I’m ashamed of myself. Yo estaba avergonzado de mí mismo.

Page 6: Study Unit 6 Spanish · 4 SPANISH ONLY LA CASA DE CHUCHURUMBEL Instructions: Listen to this story in Spanish—read along and see how much you can understand. #141 The House of Chuchurumbel

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This time it’s my turn to pay the bill. Esta vez me toca a mí pagar la cuenta.Don’t even think of it! ¡Ni pensar!

I noticed a mistake here. Me dí cuenta de un error aquí.Yes, I’m aware of it. Sí, estoy enterado.

I must go now. Ahora me tengo que ir.I’m going to miss you a lot. Te voy a extrañar mucho.

If today is Monday, this must be Madrid. Si hoy es lunes, ésta ha de ser Madrid.It must be. Ha de ser.

It turns out they’re going to kick you out of here. Resulta que te van a echar de aquí.That doesn’t matter. It’s nothing. Eso no importa. No es nada.

I’m going to the beach. Voy a la playa.Look out for the sharks…and the girls. Cuidado con los tiburones…y las chicas.

Page 7: Study Unit 6 Spanish · 4 SPANISH ONLY LA CASA DE CHUCHURUMBEL Instructions: Listen to this story in Spanish—read along and see how much you can understand. #141 The House of Chuchurumbel

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SPANISH ONLYLA CASA DE CHUCHURUMBEL

Instructions: Listen to this story in Spanish—read along andsee how much you can understand.

#141 The House of Chuchurumbel

This is the house of Chuchurumbel. Ésta es la casa de Chuchurumbel.This is the door of the house of Chuchurumbel. Ésta es la puerta de la casa de Chuchurumbel.This is the key of the door of the house Ésta es la llave de la puerta de la casa of Chuchurumbel. de Chuchurumbel.This is the cord of the key of the door of Éste es el cordón de la llave de la casa the house of Chuchurumbel. de Chuchurumbel.This is the rat that ate the cord of the key Éste es el ratón que se comió el cordón de la llave of the door of the house of Chuchurumbel. de la puerta de la casa de Chuchurumbel.This is the cat that killed the rat that ate Éste es el gato que mató al ratón que se comió the cord of the key of the door of the house el cordón de la llave de la puerta de la casa of Chuchurumbel. de Chuchurumbel.This is the dog that chased the cat that killed Éste es el perro que persiguió al gato que mató the rat that ate the cord of the key al ratón que se comió el cordón de la llave of the door of the house of Chuchurumbel. de la puerta de la casa de Chuchurumbel.This is the club that beat the dog that chased Éste es el garrote que le pegó al perro que persiguió the cat that killed the rat that ate the cord al gato que mató al ratón que se comió el cordón of the key of the door of the house of Chuchurumbel. de la llave de la puerta de la casa de Chuchurumbel.This is the fire that burned the club that Éste es el fuego que quemó el garrote que beat the dog that chased the cat that killed le pegó al perro que persiguió al gato que mató the rat that ate the cord of the key of the el ratón que se comió el cordón de la llave de ladoor of the house of Chuchurumbel. puerta de la casa de Chuchurumbel.This is the water that put out the fire that burned Éste es el agua que apagó el fuego que quemó the club that beat the dog that chased the cat el garrote que le pegó al perro que persiguió al gatothat killed the rat that ate the cord of the key que mató el ratón que se comió el cordón de la llave of the door of the house of Chuchurumbel. de la puerta de la casa de Chuchurumbel.This is the farmer that brought the ox that Éste es el campesino que acarreó el buey que drank the water that put out the fire that burned tomó el agua que apagó el fuego que quemó the club that beat the dog that chased the cat el garrote que le pegó al perro que persiguió al gatothat killed the rat that ate the cord of the key que mató el ratón que se comió el cordón de la llaveof the door of the house of Chuchurumbel. de la puerta de la casa de Chuchurumbel.This is the ox that drank the water that put out Éste es el buey que tomó el agua que apagó the fire that burned the club that beat the dog el fuego que quemó el garrote que le pegó al perro that chased the cat that killed the rat that ate que persiguió al gato que mató el ratón que se comióthe cord of the key of the door of the house el cordón de la llave de la puerta de la casaof Chuchurumbel. de Chuchurumbel.This is the house of Chuchurumbel where lives Ésta es la casa de Chuchurumbel donde vive the farmer who brought the ox that drank the water el campesino que acarreó el buey que tomó el agua that put out the fire that burned the club that beat que apagó el fuego que quemó el garrote que le pegó the dog that chased the cat that killed the rat that al perro que persiguió al gato que mató el ratón que ate the cord of the key of the door of the house se comió el cordón de la llave de la puerta de la casa of Chuchurumbel. de Chuchurumbel.

Page 8: Study Unit 6 Spanish · 4 SPANISH ONLY LA CASA DE CHUCHURUMBEL Instructions: Listen to this story in Spanish—read along and see how much you can understand. #141 The House of Chuchurumbel

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SPANISH ONLYUNA LECCIÓN DE GEOMETRÍA

Instructions: Listen to this geometry lesson in Spanish—readalong and try to pick up new vocabulary.

#142 A Geometry Lesson

There are lines that have no end. Hay líneas que no tienen fin.For example, the equator is a line that has no end. Por ejemplo, el ecuador es una línea que no tiene fin.Of course such lines also have no midpoint. Claro que tales líneas tampoco tienen punto central.That’s logical, isn’t it? Eso es lógico, ¿verdad?But if a line has one end, a beginning, Pero si una línea tiene un extremo, un principio, then it must also have an end. entonces también debe tener otro extremo.There is no line that has only one end. No hay línea que tenga sólo un extremo. Nor is there a line that has three ends. Tampoco hay línea que tenga tres extremos.Here is a line, a line with two ends. Aquí hay una línea, una línea con dos extremos.Therefore this line has a midpoint. Luego esta línea tiene un punto central.Here is the approximate midpoint. Aquí está el punto central aproximado.Locate the left end. Localiza el extremo izquierdo.Label it A. Márquelo A. Label the other end B. Marque el otro extremo B.This line can then be called AB. Entonces esta línea puede llamarse AB.

Page 9: Study Unit 6 Spanish · 4 SPANISH ONLY LA CASA DE CHUCHURUMBEL Instructions: Listen to this story in Spanish—read along and see how much you can understand. #141 The House of Chuchurumbel

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CINCO CIEGOS DESCRIBEN UN ELEFANTE

Instructions: Read and listen to this vocabulary-buildingstory.

#143 Five Blind Men Describe anElephant

One day five blind men were chatting Un día cinco ciegos conversabanand the subject turned to elephants. y el tema resultó ser los elefantes.One of them said: “I’ve grown this old, and Uno de ellos dijo: “Yo he llegado a esta edad y I still don’t know what an elephant looks like.” todavía no sé como es un elefante.”“Neither do I.” “Ni yo tampoco.”“Me, I haven’t seen one either.” “Yo tampoco he visto uno.”“Same here.” “Ni yo tampoco.”“What in fact does an elephant look like?” “En realidad, ¿cómo es un elefante?”All five had the same feeling, so they at once Los cinco tenían el mismo deseo, por lo quedecided to ask someone to take them decidieron pedirle a alguien que los llevara to an elephant so they could feel it. cerca de un elefante para poder tocarlo.One day the group of blind men finally got the chance Un día el grupo de ciegos lograró to “see” what an elephant was. ir a “ver” qué era un elefante.With great delight they went up to the elephant Con gran deleite se dirigieron hacia el elefante and attentively began to feel it. y atentamente empezaron a tocarlo.“Aha! Now I know, an elephant is the shape of a wall.” “¡Ajá! Ya sé, un elefante es como una pared.”“No! An elephant has the shape of a thick rope.” “¡No! Un elefante tiene la forma de una soga

gruesa.”“No! No! An elephant looks like a big fan.” “¡No! ¡No! Un elefante se parece a un gran abanico.”“You are all wrong! An elephant “¡Todos ustedes están equivocados! Un elefante looks like a pillar.” se parece a una columna.”“All of you are wrong. An elephant “Todos ustedes están equivocados. Un elefante looks like a snake.” se parece a una serpiente.”Each thought only his own opinion was right. Cada uno creía solamente en su propia opinión.Since each thought the part Ya que cada uno de ellos pensaba que la parte he felt constituted the whole elephant, que había tocado era el elefante entero, they would not listen to one another no escuchaban el uno al otro or accept one another’s opinions. ni aceptaban las opiniones de los demás.It finally ended in a quarrel. Y todo terminó en una pelea.

Page 10: Study Unit 6 Spanish · 4 SPANISH ONLY LA CASA DE CHUCHURUMBEL Instructions: Listen to this story in Spanish—read along and see how much you can understand. #141 The House of Chuchurumbel

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UNA LECCIÓN DE GEOMETRÍA

Instructions: Read and listen to this geometry lesson in orderto acquire more vocabulary.

#144 A Geometry Lesson

We’ve seen many kinds of lines. Hemos visto muchas clases de líneas.For example, vertical lines like this one. Por ejemplo, líneas verticales como ésta.Diagonal lines like this one. Líneas diagonales como ésta.Solid lines like this one. Líneas sólidas como ésta.Broken lines like this one. Líneas quebradas como ésta.What kind of line is this? ¿Qué clase de línea es ésta?It’s different from the lines already seen. Es diferente de las líneas ya vistas.It’s different from line AB. Es diferente de la línea AB.This section, from point A to point B, Esta sección, del punto A al punto B, is called a wave. se llama onda.A wave has essentially three parts: Una onda tiene tres partes esenciales:the crest, the trough, and the slope. la cima, la artesa, y la inclinación.This is the crest of the wave. Esta es la cima de la onda.This is the trough of the wave. Esta es la artesa de la onda.This is the slope of the wave. Esta es la inclinación de la onda.This line resembles a snake, doesn’t it? Esta línea parece una culebra, ¿verdad?So it can be called a “serpentine line.” Así que puede llamarse una “línea serpentina.”

In what way are these lines alike? ¿En qué se parecen estas líneas?Both are long, thick lines. Ambas son líneas largas y gruesas.Is either of them curved? ¿Es alguna de ellas curva?Which is longer, the top one or the bottom one? ¿Cuál es más larga, la de arriba o la de abajo?

This line is different from those lines. Esta línea es diferente de ésas líneas.For one thing it’s longer. Por una parte es más larga.Also it’s thicker. También es mas gruesa.The other lines are all short and thin. Las otras líneas son cortas y delgadas.

Page 11: Study Unit 6 Spanish · 4 SPANISH ONLY LA CASA DE CHUCHURUMBEL Instructions: Listen to this story in Spanish—read along and see how much you can understand. #141 The House of Chuchurumbel

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¡EL MUCHACHO PASTOR MENTIROSO!(Literally, The Lying Shepherd Boy)

Instructions: Read and listen to this familiar story to learnSpanish vocabulary.

#145 The Shepherd Boy Who Cried Wolf!

There was once a shepherd boy who liked Había una vez un pastorcillo a quien le gustaba to play tricks on people. bromear con la gente.Every day he herded his sheep to the hillside to graze. Cada día llevaba sus ovejas a la ladera a pastar.One day with nothing to do he felt bored, so he Un día que no tenía nada que hacer, se sentía he he decided to play a trick on the villagers. aburrido, así que dicidió bromear con los aldeanos.He cried out: “Wolf! Wolf! Help!” Gritó: “¡Lobo! ¡Lobo! ¡Socorro!”The villagers heard the cry and rushed up Los aldeanos oyeron los gritos y subieron the mountain with stones and sickles. con piedras y guadañas.But when they got there and looked around, Pero cuando llegaron allá y miraron alrededor, there was simply no wolf to be seen. simplemente no había ningún lobo a la vista.In anger the villagers scolded the boy: En su enojo los aldeanos reprendieron al niño: “Don’t ever play such tricks again. “Nunca hagas esa clase de bromas.It’s very dangerous. Do you understand?” Es muy peligroso. ¿Entiendes?”The boy said: “I’m sorry. I won’t do it again.” El niño dijo: “Lo siento. No lo volveré a hacer.”A week went by. With nothing to do, Una semana pasó. No teniendo nada que hacer, the boy was bored, el muchacho estaba aburrido,so he decided to play the trick again. entonces decidió jugar la broma nuevamente.He cried: “Wolf! Wolf! Help!” El gritó: “¡Lobo! ¡Lobo! ¡Socorro!”Hearing the desperate cries of the shepherd boy, Escuchando los gritos desesperados del pastorcillo, the villagers rushed up the mountain los aldeanos corrieron subiendo la montaña to save the sheep. a salvar las ovejas.When they again found there was no Cuando encontraron una vez más que no había wolf but only a laughing boy ningún lobo, sólo un niño riendo que le gustaba playing tricks, they were extremely angry. hacer bromas, estuvieron extremadamente enojados.They severely scolded him again. Le regañaron fuertemente una vez más.Finally he said: “I’m sorry. I won’t do it again.” Finalmente el niño dijo: “Lo siento. No lo volveré And the villagers returned home, a hacer.” Los aldeanos regresaron a sus casas, shaking their heads. moviendo sus cabezas en señal de desaprovacíon.Not long after this, wolves really did come No pasó mucho tiempo y los lobos de verdad vinieron and attack the sheep. y atacaron las ovejas.The shepherd boy was desperate. He shouted El pastorcillo estaba desesperado. Gritaba at the top of his voice: “Wolf! Wolf! Help!” a toda voz: “¡Lobo! ¡Lobo! ¡Socorro!”But the villagers only shook their heads Pero los aldeanos, sólo moviendo sus cabezas and said: “The foolish chap is playing tricks again.” y dijeron: “Ese chico tonto vuelve a hacer bromas.”So no one went to help the poor boy. Así que nadie fué para ayudar al pobre pastorcillo.No one trusted his word. Nadie creyó en sus palabras.So the wolves killed many many sheep. Así que los lobos mataron muchas muchas ovejas.

Page 12: Study Unit 6 Spanish · 4 SPANISH ONLY LA CASA DE CHUCHURUMBEL Instructions: Listen to this story in Spanish—read along and see how much you can understand. #141 The House of Chuchurumbel

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Instructions: Listen to and become familiar with these usefulwords and sentences.

#146 Useful Words and Phrases

A bit faster. Un poco más rápido.A bit slower. Un poco más lento.A little bit. Un poquito.A long time ago. Hace mucho tiempo.A table for two. Una mesa para dos.About 100 pesetas. Más o menos 100 pesetas.About ten minutes ago. Hace como diez minutos.Above or below? ¿Arriba o abajo?According to him, I made an error. Según él yo cometí un error.Accustomed. He’s accustomed to it. Acostumbrado. Está acostumbrado.After breakfast. Después del desayuno.After they came, we left. Después que llegaron, salimos.After you, ma’am. Después de usted, señora.Again he spoke. Otra vez habló.Again you’re late. Otra vez estás tarde.All at once. De una vez.All day and all night. Todo el día y toda la noche.All of the time. Todo el tiempo.All week long. Toda la semana.Already you speak well. Ya hablas bien.Although he doesn’t have a car… Aunque él no tenga carro… Although he is sick… Aunque esté enfermo… I’ll always help you. Yo siempre te ayudaré.And now what will she do? Do you know? Y ahora, ¿que hará ella? ¿Sabes?And so? (So what?) ¿Y entonces?Another cup, please. Otra taza, por favor.Anyone want my sandwich? ¿Alguien quiere mi sandwich?Anything but this! ¡Cualquier cosa menos esto!Anyway… De todos modos…Are you angry with me? ¿Estás enojado conmigo?Are you comfortable? ¿Estás cómodo?Are you hungry? ¿Tienes hambre?Are you sleepy? ¿Tienes sueño?Are you thirsty? ¿Tienes sed?Are you tired? ¿Está cansado?Are you upset? ¿Estás ajitado?As soon as possible. Lo antes posible.As you like. Cómo quieras.At first she wrote often. Al principio, ella me escribía a menudo.At what time does the party begin? ¿A qué hora comienza la fiesta?Be careful not to fall. Cuidado con caerse.Be careful! Don’t break the cups. ¡Cuidado! No rompas las tazas.Be careful. Watch out! Tenga cuidado. ¡Ojo!Before he left he was crying. Antes de salir estaba llorando.Before Christmas or after New Year’s. Antes de Navidad o después del Año Nuevo.Before dinner. Antes de la cena.

Page 13: Study Unit 6 Spanish · 4 SPANISH ONLY LA CASA DE CHUCHURUMBEL Instructions: Listen to this story in Spanish—read along and see how much you can understand. #141 The House of Chuchurumbel

10 Spanish

Before he comes, let’s talk. Antes que venga, hablemos.Before leaving we’ll have to… Antes de salir tendremos que… Believe me. Créame.Besides that. Además de eso.Besides that, I like to read. Además de eso, me gusta leer.Besides this one, also that one. Además de eso, ése.Better and better. Mejor y mejor.Bring anyone you like. Traiga a quien quiera.

Page 14: Study Unit 6 Spanish · 4 SPANISH ONLY LA CASA DE CHUCHURUMBEL Instructions: Listen to this story in Spanish—read along and see how much you can understand. #141 The House of Chuchurumbel

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MERCURIO Y LOS LEÑADORES

Instructions: Read and listen to this vocabulary-buildingstory.

#147 Mercury and the Woodcutters

A woodcutter was cutting wood Un leñador estaba cortando madera along the riverside. a lo largo del río.By accident he let his ax fall into the river. Por accidente, se le cayó el hacha en el río.Because he had lost his work tool, Porque había perdido su herramienta de trabajo, he sat down on the riverbank se sentó en el banco del río and contemplated his misfortune. a contemplar su desgracia.To his astonishment, Mercury suddenly Para sorpresa del leñador, Mercurio de pronto appeared before him and asked: se le apareció y le preguntó:“What happened? Why are you grieving?” “¿Qué pasó? ¿Por qué estás afligido?”After the woodcutter told of his misfortune, Después que el leñador le contó de su desgracia, Mercury jumped into the river and Mercurio saltó al río y came up holding a golden ax. salió sosteniendo un hacha de oro.He said: “Is this yours?” El dijo: “¿Es ésta tu hacha?” “No, it’s not mine. Mine is made of iron.” “No, no es la mía. La mía está hecha de hierro.”Then Mercury jumped again into the river Entonces Mercurio se metió al río de nuevo, and this time came up with a silver ax. y esta vez sacó una hacha de plata.“Is this one yours?” “No, it’s not mine. “¿Es ésta hacha la tuya?” “No, no es la mía. Mine is made of iron.” La mía está hecha de hierro.”A third time Mercury dove into the river. Por tercera vez, Mercurio se metió al río.This time he brought up the woodcutter’s lost ax. Esta vez, sacó el hacha de hierro del leñador.“Is this one yours?” “Yes, that’s mine. Thank you!” “¿Es ésta la tuya?” “Sí, ésa es la mía. ¡Gracias!”Mercury said: “You are an honest man. Mercurio dijo: “Tú eres un hombre honesto. Therefore I will give you the golden ax Por lo tanto, te daré el hacha de oro, and the silver ax as well as your iron ax.” la de plata, y la de hierro.”Back home, the woodcutter told De regreso a casa, el leñador contó his strange experience to his relatives and neighbors. la extraña experiencia a sus familiares y vecinos.One of them thought he would try his luck, Uno de ellos pensó que podría probar su suerte, so he took his ax and went to the river. así que tomó su hacha y fue al río.He threw his ax into the water and then sat down Tiró el hacha en el agua y se sentó on the riverbank and pretended to bemoan y fingió llorar his misfortune. su desgracia.Just as he had hoped, Mercury appeared before him Tal como lo había esperado, Mercurio se le apareció and asked: “What happened? Why are you grieving?” y le preguntó: “¿Qué pasó? ¿Por qué te lamentas?”The woodcutter said: “My ax accidentally fell El leñador dijo: “Mi hacha cayó accidentalmente in the river. en el río.Would you dredge it up for me?” ¿Me la podrías sacar?”Mercury said: “I will try and see.” Mercurio dijo: “Voy a ver.”He dove to the bottom of the river and Se metió al fondo del río y came up with a golden ax. sacó una hacha de oro.“Is this yours?” he asked. “¿Es ésta tu hacha?” preguntó.“Yes, it’s mine. And last week I lost another ax. “Sí es la mía. Y la semana pasada, perdí otra hacha.Would you see if you can find it?” ¿Puedes ver si la encuentras?”Mercury dove into the water and Mercurio se metió al agua de nuevo y soon came back with a silver ax. sacó una hacha de plata.

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“Is this your lost ax?” “¿Es ésta tu hacha perdida?”“Yes, yes,” the woodcutter said greedily. “Sí, sí,” dijo el leñador codiciosamente.Then Mercury said to him: “You have lied to me. Entonces Mercurio le dijo: “Me has mentido. You are both greedy and dishonest. Eres codicioso y deshonesto.Therefore I will give you neither the golden ax Por lo tanto, no te daré el hacha de oro nor the silver ax. ni la de plata.And I will not fetch up the iron ax Ni tampoco voy a sacar el hacha de hierro you threw into the river either.” que tiraste al río.”

Page 16: Study Unit 6 Spanish · 4 SPANISH ONLY LA CASA DE CHUCHURUMBEL Instructions: Listen to this story in Spanish—read along and see how much you can understand. #141 The House of Chuchurumbel

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PREGUNTAS Y RESPUESTASInstructions: Listen to and learn these useful questions andanswers.

#148 Questions and Answers

Which of the two do you prefer? ¿Cuál de los dos prefiere Ud.?I like this one better. Me gusta más éste.

Can I drop by Saturday morning? ¿Puedo pasar el sábado por la mañana?Please do. Con todo gusto.

How was the film? ¿Cómo fué la película?Marvelous! I loved it. ¡Maravillosa! Me gustó muchísimo.

Is today Saturday? ¿Hoy es sábado?Yes, if I’m not mistaken. Sí, si no me equivoco.

Then tomorrow is Sunday, right? Entonces mañana es domingo, ¿verdad?Right. Correcto.

Who can do it? ¿Quién puede hacerlo?I can do it. Yo puedo hacerlo.

Can you take care of my dog? ¿Puedes cuidar mi perro?Trust me. Confía en mí.

At what window do they sell stamps? ¿En qué ventanilla venden sellos?At window five. En la ventanilla cinco.

Whose turn is it now? ¿A quién le toca ahora?Let’s see. Seems like it’s mine. A ver. Parece que me toca a mí.

How does tomorrow seem to you? ¿Qué le parece mañana?Sure, that’s fine. Why not? Pues sí, está bien. ¿Por qué no?

How can I be of service to you? ¿En qué puedo servirle?Thanks, you’re very kind, but there’s no need. Gracias, muy amable, pero no hay necesidad.

Did you understand what I told you? ¿Entendió lo que le dije?Yes, I understood more or less. Sí, entendí más o menos.

May I ask you some questions? ¿Me permite hacerle unas preguntas?Oh yes. As you like. Pues sí, como quiera.Is this yours? ¿Es suyo ésto?Yes, it’s mine. And that is mine too. Sí, es mío. Y eso también es mío.

Didn’t you like it? ¿No te gustó?Not that much. No tanto.

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Who is in charge here? ¿Quién es la persona responsable aquí?It’s me. Soy yo.

Are you sure of that? ¿Está segura de eso?Absolutely. Absolutamente.

You’re from California, right? Ud. es de California, ¿verdad?Yes, from Santa Barbara. Sí, de Santa Bárbara.

Where were you born? ¿Dónde nació Ud.?In Buenos Aires. En Buenos Aires.

Can I eat some of your bread? ¿Puedo comer un poco de tu pan?Go right ahead. Con toda confianza.

How do you like the climate here? ¿Le gusta el clima aquí?I like it very much. It’s very nice. Me gusta muchísimo, muy agradable.

Why isn’t there any gas today? ¿Por qué no hay gasolina hoy?It’s all gone (used up). Ya se acabó.

Do you remember I loaned you $1000? ¿Se acuerda que yo le presté $1000?No sir, I don’t remember. When was it? No, señor, no me acuerdo. ¿Cuándo fue eso?

Have you paid the fine already? ¿Ya has pagado la multa?Not yet. I’ll pay it on Monday. Todavía no. La pagaré el lunes.

Do you feel better now? ¿Te sientes mejor ahora?Yes, a bit. But my head still aches. Sí, un poco. Pero todavía me duele la cabeza.

How do you feel? ¿Cómo te sientes?I’m hungry, thirsty, and sleepy. Tengo hambre, tengo sed, y tengo sueño.

You’ll win the prize, don’t you think? Vas a ganar el premio, ¿no crees?I doubt it. Lo dudo.

Are you going already? ¿Ya te vas?I’ll be right back. Ahorita vuelvo.

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AFANTÍ Y EL PAYASO

Instructions: Read and listen to this vocabulary-buildingshort story.

#149 Afantí and the Clown

Afantí had a dye shop. Afantí tenía una tintorería.One day a clown came in. Un día entró un payaso.In his hand was a cloth. En su mano llevaba una tela.“What can I do for you?” said Afantí. “¿En qué puedo servirle?” dijo Afantí.“I’d like to have you dye this cloth," said the clown. “Me gustaría que tintieras esta tela,” dijo el payaso.“What color do you want?” Afantí asked. “¿Qué color quiere?” Afantí preguntó.“I want it a non-existent color.” “La quiero de un color no existente.”Obviously the clown was joking. Obviamente el payaso estaba bromeando.“And what is a non-existent color?” asked Afantí. “Y ¿qué es un color no existente?” preguntó Afantí.“It’s one that’s... “Es uno que...neither black nor gray no es negro ni grisnor red nor brown ni rojo ni cafénor blue nor green ni azul ni verdenor purple nor white ni púrpura ni blanconor yellow nor orange. ni amarillo ni anaranjado.Do you understand?” ¿Entiendes?”“I understand. Okay, I’ll do as you ask.” “Entiendo. Bueno, haré lo que pides.”“When shall I come to pick it up?” the clown asked. “¿Cuándo vengo a buscarla?” preguntó el payaso.“Come and get it on a non-existent day.” “Venga a buscarla en un día no existente.”“And what is a ‘non-existent’ day?” the clown asked. “¿Y qué es un día no existente?” preguntó el payaso.“It is neither Monday, “No es el lunes,nor is it Tuesday, ni es el martes,nor is it Wednesday, ni es el miércoles,nor is it Thursday, el jueves,Friday, Saturday, el viernes, el sábado,or Sunday. ni domingo.Do you understand?” ¿Entiendes?”

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Instructions: Study these words and phrases until they seemfamiliar to you.

END TAPE 6, SIDE A

THE ADVENTURE CONTINUESAs dusk falls, you and Stump realize that you aren’t going to finishRenata’s assignment tonight. You go back to the Quintana resi-dence, get a good night’s rest, and return to the hotel and Renata’schallenge first thing in the morning.

#150 Useful Words and Phrases

Bring the boxes here. Traiga las cajas aquí.But of course. Pero por supuesto.By boat. Por barco.By plane or by train? ¿Por avión o por tren?By the way. A propósito.Call me tomorrow. Llámeme mañana.Can you help me? ¿Me puedes ayudar?Can you see the sign? ¿Puede usted ver la señal?Can you tell me where the café is located? ¿Me puede decir dónde está el café?Can’t anything be done? ¿No se puede hacer algo?Close the door. Cierra la puerta.Come and eat. Ven a comer.

Please review the material for Tape 6, Side A. Beforegoing on, complete the examination 98685800.

Page 20: Study Unit 6 Spanish · 4 SPANISH ONLY LA CASA DE CHUCHURUMBEL Instructions: Listen to this story in Spanish—read along and see how much you can understand. #141 The House of Chuchurumbel

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Instructions: Read the following explanations to gain a betterunderstanding of Spanish verb forms.

INFINITIVE ENDING -AR: -ADOTOMAR: tom-ado; FUMAR: fum-ado; CANTAR: cant-ado

Practice:1. (He) has smoked. H-a fumado.2. (He) has sung. H-a cantado.3. I have drunk the water. H-e tomado el agua.

INFINITIVE ENDING -ER, -IR: -IDOVENDER: vend-ido; SALIR: sal-ido; LEER: le-ido; DORMIR: dorm-ido

Practice:1. (He) has left. H-a salido.2. (He) has sold the house. H-a vendido la casa.3. I have read the book. H-e leído el libro.4. You have slept two hours. H-as dormido dos horas.

IRREGULAR PAST PARTICIPLESThe following list shows irregular past participles that end in -torather than -do.

#151 Past Participle

VERB INFINITIVE 1000 A.D. CURRENT ENGLISH

to die MORir MORto MUERto has diedto return1 VOLVer VOLto VUELto has returnedto resolve reSOLVer reSOLto reSUELto has resolvedto open ABRir ABIRto ABIERto has openedto cover CUBRir CUBIRto CUBIERto has coveredto write2 eSCRIBir eSCRIBto eSCRIto has writtento position3 PONer POSto PUESto has positionedto see VEr VESto VISto has seento say DECir DICto DICHo has saidto do HACer FACto/HACto HECHo has doneto break ROMPer ROMPto ROto has broken1. deVOLVer (return something), reVOLVer (revolve), desenVOLVer (develop)2. deSCRIBir (describe), preSCRIBir (prescribe), proSCRIBir (proscribe), subSCRIBir (subscribe)3. dePONer (deposit), rePONer (put back), comPONer (compose), descomPONer (decompose)

Page 21: Study Unit 6 Spanish · 4 SPANISH ONLY LA CASA DE CHUCHURUMBEL Instructions: Listen to this story in Spanish—read along and see how much you can understand. #141 The House of Chuchurumbel

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TAPE 6, SIDE BSPANISH ONLYLA CAPERUCITA ROJA

Instructions: Listen to this familiar story in Spanish—readalong and see how much you can understand.

#152 The Story of Little Red Riding Hood

Here is a little girl. Aquí está una niñita.She is called Little Red Riding Hood. Se llama Caperucita Roja.Here is her mother. Aquí está su mamacita.

Here is her grandma. Aquí está su abuelita.Here is her mother’s house. Aquí está la casa de su mamacita.Here is her grandma’s house. Aquí está la casa de su abuelita.Here is the woods. Aquí está el bosque.Here is a wolf. Aquí está un lobo.Well. Bueno.The grandma is sick. La abuelita está enferma.Mother sends Little Red Riding Hood with La mamacita manda a Caperucita Roja con a basket of cookies. una canasta de galletas.In the woods the wolf asks her: En el bosque el lobo le pregunta:“Where are you going? “¿Adónde vas?What is your name?” ¿Cómo te llamas?”Little Red Riding Hood tells him, and he goes away. Caperucita Roja le dice, y él se aleja.He runs to the grandma’s house. Corre a la casa de la abuelita.He knocks on the door. Toca a la puerta.The grandma asks: La abuelita pregunta:“Who is it?” “¿Quién es?”The wolf answers: El lobo responde:“Little Red Riding Hood.” “Caperucita Roja.”“Come in.” “Adelante.”Grandma sees the wolf and runs from the house. La abuelita ve al lobo y corre de la casa.The wolf gets in bed. El lobo se mete en la cama.Little Red Riding Hood comes. Viene Caperucita Roja.She enters and sees the wolf. Entra y ve al lobo.She thinks it’s her grandma. Piensa que es su abuelita.She asks: “Why do you have such big ears?” Pregunta: “¿Por qué tienes las orejas tan grandes?”The wolf answers: “To hear you better.” El lobo responde: “Para oirte mejor.”“Why do you have such big teeth?” “¿Por qué tienes los dientes tan grandes?”“To EAT YOU better.” “Para COMERTE mejor.”Little Red Riding Hood screams: Caperucita Roja grita:“Oh, it’s the wolf!” “¡Ay, es el lobo!”At that moment the grandma enters with a dog. En ese momento entra la abuelita con un perro.The wolf runs out and escapes. El lobo sale corriendo y se escapa.Then Little Red Riding Hood and the grandma Entonces Caperucita Roja y la abuelita and the dog eat the cookies. y el perro se comen las galletas.

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Instructions: Listen to and learn the following sentences.

#153 More Openers and Rejoinders

We lost the game. Perdimos el juego.How can that be? ¿Cómo puede ser (eso)?

I’m sorry for having run over you. Siento mucho haberle atropellado.Well, so it goes from time to time. Pues así sucede de vez en cuando.

Life gets harder and harder. La vida está siempre más y más dura.Keep the faith, brother. Mantenga la fe, hermano.

I’m looking for a person who knows how to draw. Yo busco a una persona que sepa dibujar.And I’m looking for someone who can read Chinese. Y yo busco a alguien que pueda leer chino.

I’m looking for a Mr. Juan Gonzalez. Busco a un señor Juan González.There’s no such person here. No hay tal persona aquí.

You must be a millionaire. Ud. ha de ser millionario.On the contrary, I’m not even rich. Al contrario, ni siquiera soy rico.

For sure you told me 2 + 2 = 5. Seguro que me dijiste que 2 + 2 = 5.Then I was mistaken. Entonces me equivoqué.

I flunked the exam. Fallé en el examen.Don’t worry. For sure the sun will come out tomorrow. No te preocupes. Seguro que el sol saldrá mañana.

You collided with a tree. Chocaste con un árbol.I didn’t realize it. No me di cuenta.

This is a very important matter. Esto es un asunto muy importante.I’ll do it as soon as possible. Lo haré cuanto antes.

This is a robbery. Hands up! Este es un asalto. ¡Manos arriba!Get out of here. Fuera de aquí.

The most important thing in the world is money. La cosa más importante en el mundo es el dinero.I doubt it. I don’t believe that. Lo dudo. Yo no creo eso.

A little piece of bread is better than none. Un pedacito de pan es mejor que nada.You’re right. Tienes razón.

I feel sad. Me siento triste.Then cheer up! ¡Pues anímese!

They’re going to kick him out of the country. Lo van a sacar del país.What a relief! ¡Menos mal!

I can’t attend the meeting. No puedo asistir a la reunión.What a shame! It’ll be interesting. ¡Qué lástima! Va a ser interesante.

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Now I feel very well. Ahora me siento muy bien.I’m glad of that. Me alegro por eso.

You have to do it every day. Tienes que hacerlo cada día.From now on I will. De aquí en adelante lo haré.

Come without fail at six in the evening. Venga Ud. sin falta a las seis de la tarde.I assure you I’ll be on time. Te aseguro que estaré a tiempo.

It’s necessary to do it as soon as possible. Hay que hacerlo lo más pronto posible.I’ll do it for sure. Don’t worry. Sí lo haré. No se preocupe.

There is no remedy for this. Esto no tiene remedio.What do you mean no remedy? ¿Cómo que no tiene remedio?!

Page 24: Study Unit 6 Spanish · 4 SPANISH ONLY LA CASA DE CHUCHURUMBEL Instructions: Listen to this story in Spanish—read along and see how much you can understand. #141 The House of Chuchurumbel

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SOPA DE AGUJA

Instructions: Read and listen to this vocabulary-buildingstory.

#154 Needle Soup

AN OLD CZECH TALE UN VIEJO CUENTO DE CHECOSLOVAQUIAThere was once a boy named Sasha. Había una vez un muchacho llamado Sasha.His mother was a poor widow. Su madre era una pobre viuda.One day her house caught on fire. Un día la casa se incendió.She managed to save her son, but she died La madre pudo salvar a su hijo, pero ella murió in the fire, leaving Sasha alone in the world. en el incendio, dejando a Sasha solo en el mundo.The only thing he found in the ashes of La única cosa que encontró entre las cenizas de the house was his mother’s needle. su casa fue la aguja de su madre.Poor Sasha was only ten years old. El pobre Sasha tenía sólo diez años.He had no brothers or sisters, no grandmother No tenía ni hermanos, ni hermanas, tampoco abuela or grandfather. o abuelo.Where could he go? What could he do? ¿Adónde podría ir? ¿Qué podría hacer?He decided to leave the village to make his way Decidió irse de la aldea y buscar su camino in the world. en el mundo.Besides the clothes he was wearing and Además de la ropa que llevaba puesta y his mother’s needle, he took nothing with him. la aguja de su madre, no llevó nada más consigo.He wrapped the needle in paper and placed it Envolvió la aguja en un papel y se la guardó in his pocket. en el bolsillo.Because I have no money, I’ll just have to live Ya que no tengo dinero, tendré que vivir by my wits, he thought. por mi ingenio, pensó.For two days he wandered, cold and hungry. Por dos días anduvo errante, con hambre y sed.At last, he came to a village. Al fin llegó a una aldea.Weak and tired, he knocked on the door of Débil y cansado, tocó a la puerta de a pretty house near the village gate. una hermosa casa a la entrada de la aldea.A lady opened the door. Una dama abrió la puerta.When she saw the ragged little boy, she thought: Cuando ella vio al pequeño harapiento niño pensó:Such a ragged child must be a beggar. Este niño harapiento debe ser un mendigo.I don’t like beggars. I won’t give him a thing. A mí no me gustan los mendigos. No le daré nada.She was quite selfish and greedy, don’t you think? Ella era bastante egoísta y codiciosa, ¿no te parece?“Please, ma’am, have you a small crust of “Por favor, señora, ¿tiene un pedazo de bread for a hungry child?” Sasha asked. pan para un niño hambriento?” preguntó Sasha.“No,” the lady said. “Beggars and thieves “No,” dijo la dama. “Los mendigos y ladrones have taken all my food.” se han llevado toda mi comida.”“Don’t you have anything left to eat?” “¿No le queda nada de sobra para comer?”“I already told you, I haven’t even a crumb of bread.” “Ya te dije, que ni siquiera tengo una migaja de pan.”“Very well,” said Sasha with a sigh. “Muy bien,” Sasha dijo con un suspiro. “Then I shall have to have needle soup.” “Entonces tendré que tomar sopa de aguja.”The selfish lady was about to close the door, La egoísta mujer estaba a punto de cerrar la puerta, but the little boy’s words made her hesitate. pero las palabras del niño la hicieron vacilar.“Needle soup?” she said, wrinkling her brow. “¿Sopa de aguja?” dijo, frunciendo el ceño.“Yes, it’s really quite tasty, only “Sí, es realmente sabrosa, sólo que yaI’ve had it three nights in a row now. la he comido durante tres noches seguidas.I’d rather have a bit of bread tonight.” Me preferiría comer un poco de pan esta noche.”

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The lady started to think: La dama empezó a pensar:Wouldn’t it be nice to know how ¿No sería bueno saber to make soup from needles? hacer sopa de agujas?Then I would never want for food. Entonces nunca me faltaría comida.She smiled at the boy and opened the door. Ella le sonrió al muchacho y abrió la puerta.“I’m sorry I don’t have any food for you, “Lo siento que no tengo comida para tí, but if you like you may come inside pero si deseas puedes entrar and cook some needle soup in my pot.” y cocinar la sopa de aguja en mi olla.”Sasha smiled too and thought: I may not have Sasha sonrió también, y pensó: tal vez no tenga food, but I have my wits. comida, pero sí tengo mi ingenio.Soon a large pot of water was Rápidamente una inmensa olla de agua estaba boiling on the fire. hirviendo en la estufa.Sasha carefully took the package Con mucho cuidado, Sasha sacó el paquetito from his pocket. de su bolsillo.He unfolded the paper, took the needle, and Desenvolvió el papel, tomó la aguja, y held it up for the lady to see. la sostuvo en lo alto para que la dama la viera.He said: “This needle has an El dijo: “Esta aguja tiene un especially good flavor.” sabor especialmente bueno.”Then he dropped the needle into the pot. Despúes él tiró la aguja en la olla.The lady watched, her eyes wide open, La dama miraba con sus ojos bien abiertos, as Sasha busied himself stirring the pot. a medida que Sasha se ocupaba en revolver la sopa.After a moment Sasha said: “With salt and Despúes de un momento Sasha dijo: “Con sal y pepper it’s especially good. pimienta tiene un sabor especialmente bueno.Did the thieves and beggars take all your ¿Llevaron los mendigos y ladrones toda su salt and pepper?” sal y pimienta?”“No. I still have plenty of salt and pepper. “No, todavía tengo mucha sal y pimienta. Here!” Aquí tienes.”“Marvelous!” Sasha said, pouring some “¡Maravilloso!” dijo Sasha al poner algo de salt and pepper into the boiling water. sal y pimienta en el agua hirviendo.Then he stirred the pot some more, Entonces él revolvió la olla un poco más, smacked his lips and said: y lamiéndose los labios dijo:“Hmm, smell it! Doesn’t it smell good already! “¡Uhm! Huela. ¿Verdad que huele bien?It’s a pity the thieves and beggars Es una lástima que los ladrones y mendigos took all of your food. se llevaron toda su comida.An onion would have given extra flavor Una cebolla le habría dado un sabor más exquisito to the soup.” a la sopa.”The lady said: "Come to think of it, La dama dijo: "Ahora que me acuerdo, I did save one onion. I’ll go get it." guardé una cebolla que la voy a traer."When she returned, she had not one but three onions. Cuando regresó no tenía solo una, sino tres cebollas.“Marvelous!" Sasha said, and he peeled them and "¡Maravilloso!" dijo Sasha, y las peló, las cortó, y sliced them and dropped them into the boiling water. las echó en la olla de agua hirviendo.Then he continued stirring the pot. Entonces siguío revolviendo la olla. After a little while he said: Después de un rato dijo:"A bit of cabbage would have really added "Un poco de col le hubiera dado a good taste. buen sabor de verdad.What a pity the beggars and thieves Qué lástima que los mendigos y ladrones took all of your food." se llevaron toda su comida."The lady exclaimed: "Come to think of it, La dama exclamó: "Ahora que me acuerdo, they said they didn’t like cabbage, dijeron que no les gustaba la col, so they left two heads of it." así que dejaron dos cabezas."As soon as she had spoken, Tan pronto como terminó de hablar, she was off to get the cabbage. se fué para conseguir la col."Marvelous!” Sasha said, and he sliced it with “¡Maravilloso!” dijo Sasha, y cortó la col con a knife and dropped it into the soup. un cuchillo y la echó a la sopa.Soon, delicious smells filled Muy pronto aromas deliciosas comenzaron a llenar the room where the soup was cooking. el cuarto donde se estaba cocinando la sopa.“What a pity that all of your food was stolen,” “Qué lástima que toda su comida se la robaron,” said Sasha. dijo Sasha.“If it hadn’t all been stolen “Si no hubiera sido toda robada,we could have added a carrot or two. hubiéramos podido agregar una zanahoria o dos.Then it would have been most delicious.” Y así la sopa hubiera sido riquísima.”

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“Oh, I nearly forgot about my garden. “Oh, casi olvidé mi jardín.Just this morning I noticed two Justamente esta mañana noté que había dos carrots ready to pull.” zanahorias que estaban listas para arrancarlas.”She went outside and in a moment came back Ella salió afuera y al momento regresó with two big carrots and a nice big potato. con dos zanahorias y una papa buena y grande.“Marvelous!” Sasha said as he peeled and “¡Maravilloso!” dijo Sasha al pelarlas y washed them off. lavarlas.Then he cut them up and dropped them Después las cortó en pedazos y las echó into the soup, and as he stirred he said: en la sopa, y revolviéndola, dijo:“If the beggars and thieves hadn’t “Si los mendigos y los ladrones no se hubieran taken all your food, we could have had llevado su comida, hubiéramos tenido some meat in our needle soup.” un poco de carne en nuestra sopa de aguja.”“Come to think of it,” said the lady, “Ahora que me acuerdo,” dijo la dama, “I hid a tiny scrap of meat from them.” “Escondí un pedacito de carne.”In a moment she was back with En un momento ella regresó con a nice big chunk of beef. un buen pedazo de carne.“Marvelous!” Sasha said as he cut up the meat “¡Maravilloso!” dijo Sasha al ir cortando la carne and dropped the pieces into the soup. y echó los pedazos en la olla.Soon the kitchen was filled with a Muy pronto la cocina estaba llena de una delicious aroma. aroma deliciosa.Sasha kept stirring the soup. Sasha seguía revolviendo la sopa.In a while he said: “Ma’am, it will soon be ready. Luego él dijo: “Señora, esto estará listo muy pronto.Perhaps you have a nice tablecloth and porcelain Quizás tenga usted un mantel bonito, platos bowls and spoons for this special occasion.” de porcelana y cucharas para esta ocasión especial.”“Indeed I do.” The woman put a linen cloth “Tienes razón.” La mujer puso un mantel de lino on the table and set her china bowls and sobre la mesa, con los platos de porcelana y glass spoons on top. las cucharas de vidrio.In a few minutes the soup was served En unos pocos minutos la sopa estaba servida in the fine china bowls. en los finos platos soperos de porcelana.And the two sat down together and Y se sentaron los dos juntos y enjoyed the tasty soup. gozaron de la sabrosa sopa.But the story does not end here. Pero la historia no termina aquí.The woman saw that Sasha was a very fine boy. La mujer vio que Sasha era un muchacho excelente.“What is your name, little boy?” “¿Cuál es tu nombre, niñito?”“Sasha.” “Sasha.”“And where do you live?” “¿Y dónde vives?”“I have no place to live. My mother and father “No tengo donde vivir. Mi padre y mi madre are dead.” han muerto.”“So where will you go now?” “¿Ya dónde vas ahora?”“Out into the cold, dark night.” “Afuera a la noche oscura y fría.”Now the woman saw her own selfishness. Ahora la mujer vio su propio egoísmo.“I live alone here. I don’t have any children. “Vivo sola aquí. No tengo ningún hijo.I apologize for being unkind to you. Perdóname por haber sido tan descortés contigo.Here there is a warm fire. Aquí hay un fuego caliente. Won’t you stay inside and keep warm?” ¿Te gustaría quedarte adentro y calentarte?”Sasha stayed. In the morning Sasha se quedó. A la mañana siguiente, the woman gave him chores to do. la mujer le dio unas tareas para hacer.Sasha was very clever, and he was a willing worker. Sasha era muy listo, y muy trabajador.He liked the village and found the woman Le gustaba la aldea y encontró que la mujer to be really very kind. era realmente muy bondadosa.When he was twenty he was elected to be Cuando él tenía viente años, fue elegido para ser a member of the town council. un miembro del consejo municipal del pueblo.People came to him for advice. La gente venía a él para pedirle consejo. And do you know what he told them? ¿Y saben lo que él les decía?“If you use your wits, you can find “Si ustedes usan su ingenio, pueden hallar a solution to every problem.” una solución para todo problema.”Even today, Sasha keeps his mother’s needle. Aún hoy en día Sasha guarda la aguja de su madre.He wears it on his shirt. Él la lleva en su camisa.And when people ask him why Y cuando las personas le preguntan por qué he wears a needle on his shirt, lleva una aguja en su camisa,he says: “One never knows what tomorrow will bring, él dice: “Nunca se sabe lo que el mañana le traerá, but as long as I have my wits and this needle, pero mientras tenga mi ingenio y esta aguja, I know I will never go hungry.” yo sé que nunca tendré hambre.”

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Instructions: Use these explanations to gain a better understandingof Spanish verbs.

NAMES OF FIVE INDICATIVE FORMS

Examples in Spanish

NAMES OF TWO SUBJUNCTIVE FORMS

Examples in Spanish

CONJUGATING THE VERB HABERBecause of its use as an auxiliary in forming so-called compoundtenses, the verb haber is very important.

#155 Compound Tenses

A. Present perfect has [verb]ed he has attendedB1. Imperfective past perfect had [verb]ed he had attendedB2. Preterite past perfect had [verb]ed he had attendedC. Future perfect will have [verb]ed he will have attendedD. Conditional would have [verb]ed he would’ve attended

A. Sé que el niño ha asistido. I know the child has attended.B1. Sé que el niño había asistido. I know the child had attended.B2. Sé que el niño hubo asistido. I know the child had attended.C. Sé que el niño habrá asistido. I know the child will have attended.D. Sé que el niño habría asistido. I know the child would have attended.

E. Present subjunctive perfectF. Past subjunctive perfect

E. Dudo que el niño haya asistido. I doubt the child has attended.F. Dudaba que el niño hubiera asistido. I doubted the child had attended.

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Note that this verb has various stems: h-, hab-, hub-

A. Present Perfect (have or has [verb]ed)h-eh-ash-a tom-ado com-ido dorm-idoh-emos tak-en eat-en slep-th-anh-an

B1. Preterite Past Perfect (had [verb]ed)hub-ehub-istehub-o tom-ado com-ido dorm-idohub-imos tak-en eat-en slep-thub-ieronhub-ieron

B2. Imperfect Past Perfect (had [verb]ed)hab-íahab-íashab-ía tom-ado com-ido dorm-idohab-íamos tak-en eat-en slep-thab-íanhab-ían

C. Future Perfect (will have [verb]ed)habr-éhabr-áshabr-á tom-ado com-ido dorm-idohabr-emos tak-en eat-en slep-thabr-ánhabr-án

D. Conditional (would have [verb]ed)habr-íahabr-íashabr-ía tom-ado com-ido dorm-idohabr-íamos tak-en eat-en slep-thabr-íanhabr-ían

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E. Present Subjunctive Perfect (have [verb]ed {irrealis})hay-ahay-ashay-a tom-ado com-ido dorm-idohay-amos tak-en eat-en slep-thay-áishay-an

F. Past Subjunctive Perfect (had [verb]ed {irrealis})hub-ierahub-ierashub-iera tom-ado com-ido dorm-idohub-iéramos tak-en eat-en slep-thub-ieranhub-ieran

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UNA LECCIÓN DE GEOMETRÍA

Instructions: Use these sentences to master geometry-relatedvocabulary.

#156 A Geometry Lesson

These three lines are parallel. Estas tres líneas son paralelas.They are also equally long. También son del mismo tamaño.Lines AB and CD are far apart. Las líneas AB y CD están muy separadas.Line AB is next to line EF. La línea AB está junto a la línea EF.Line AB is between lines CD and EF. La línea AB está entre las líneas CD y EF.What’s the difference between these two lines ¿Cuál es la diferencia entre estas dos líneas and these two? y estas dos?These lines touch but don’t cross. Estas líneas se tocan, pero no se cruzan.This line touches that one but doesn’t cross it. Esta línea toca esa pero no la cruza.These lines are very close to each other Estas líneas están muy cerca, la una a la otra but do not touch. pero no se tocan.Line AB crosses line CD at point X. La línea AB cruza la línea CD en el punto X.These lines touch at point Y. Esas líneas se tocan en el punto Y.Draw a diagonal line about this long. Dibuje una línea diagonal más o menos así de larga.Then draw a curved line that crosses Después dibuje una línea curva que cruza the diagonal two times. dos veces la diagonal.Then draw another line that crosses Entonces dibuje otra línea que cruza both the diagonal and the curved line. y la línea diagonal y la línea curva.

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MALIÁN Y SU PINCEL MÁGICO

Instructions: Read and listen to this vocabulary-buildingstory.

#157 Maliang and His Magic Brush

A STORY FROM CHINA UN CUENTO DE CHINAOnce there was a boy named Maliang. Había una vez un muchacho llamado Malián.Since the time he was small, he liked to draw Desde pequeño le gustaba dibujar, but his family was too poor pero su familia era tan pobre que no tenía to have even a brush. ni siquiera para comprar un pincel.One day as he was herding cows home, Un día mientras arreaba las vacas hacia su casa, he passed by a school and saw a painter inside pasó por una escuela y vio a un pintor adentro with a brush, painting a picture que con un pincel, pintaba un cuadro for a magistrate. para un magistrado.The magistrate and his attendants were El magistrado y sus ayudantes se encontraban by his side watching. a su lado observando.Maliang was so fascinated that Malián estaba tan fascinado que without stopping to think he went in. sin pensarlo entró.He said to the magistrate and the painter: Le preguntó al magistrado y al pintor:“Could you let me use one of your brushes? “¿Me permiten usar uno de sus pinceles? I’d like to learn to draw.” Me gustaría aprender a dibujar.”Hearing this the magistrate and teacher Al escuchar ésto el magistrado y el maestro roared with laughter and said: rompieron en carcajadas y dijeron:“A poor boy wants to learn “Un muchacho pobre quiere aprender to draw too.” también a dibujar.”Maliang said in a huff: “Well I think a Malián dijo con enfado: “Bueno, creo que poor boy could learn to draw.” un muchacho pobre puede aprender a dibujar.”After that Maliang practiced Después de ese incidente, Malián se dedicó drawing with heart and soul. a practicar el dibujo con alma y corazón.When he went into the hills to gather wood, Cuando iba a las montañas a recoger la leña, he would use a stick to draw birds of the sky. usaba una varilla para dibujar las aves del cielo.When he went to the riverside to cut straw, Cuando iba a la orilla del río a cortar paja, he’d use his finger to draw fish in the sand. usaba su dedo para dibujar peces en la arena.Whatever he saw, he would draw. Dibujaba todo lo que él veía.A person asked him: “Maliang, when you’ve learned Una persona le preguntó: “¿Malián, cuando aprendas to draw will you go and draw for the magistrates?” a dibujar, dibujarás para los magistrados?”Maliang shook his head and said: Malián sacudió la cabeza y dijo: “No. Never! I’ll only draw for the poor.” “No. ¡Nunca! Sólo dibujaré para los pobres.”Day followed day and Maliang progressed Pasaron los días y Malián progresaba rapidly in his talent. rápidamente en su talento.But he still had no brush. Pero aún no tenía un pincel.How he longed to have a brush! ¡Cómo anhelaba tener un pincel!One night he was lying in bed. Una noche él se encontraba acostado en su cama.All of a sudden a golden shaft of light De pronto un rayo de luz dorada illuminated the room. iluminó el cuarto.An old man with a white beard appeared before him. Un anciano de barba blanca apareció ante él.The old man handed him a brush and said: El anciano le dió un pincel y dijo: “Maliang, now that you have a brush, remember “Malián, ahora que ya tienes un pincel, recuerda your own words: draw only for the poor.” tus propias palabras: dibuja sólo para los pobres.”Maliang was truly happy. Malián estaba en verdad feliz.

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He immediately took the brush and Inmediatamente tomó el pincel y drew a rooster on the wall. dibujó un gallo en la pared.Miraculously, the rooster came alive, Milagrosamente el gallo tomó vida, flew down from the wall, jumped onto the window sill, bajó volando de la pared, brincó la ventana, and began to crow: “Cock-a-doodle-doo.” y comenzó a cantar: “Qui-quiri-quí.”It turned out that the brush the old man Resultó que el pincel que el anciano gave him was magic. le había dado era mágico.Having this magic brush, every day Maliang Teniendo este pincel mágico, todos los días Malián drew pictures for the poor people. dibujaba cuadros para la gente pobre.Whatever they wanted he would draw. Cualquier cosa que querían se las dibujaba.Whatever he drew they would have. Cualquier cosa que dibujaba era para ellos.One day while he was passing by a field, he saw Un día mientras él pasaba por un campo, vió a farmer and child pulling a plow a un granjero y a su hijo jalando el arado to till the soil. para labrar la tierra.The ground was so hard they could La tierra estaba tan dura que barely move the plow. apenas podían mover el arado.Maliang took his magic brush out and Malián sacó su pincel mágico y drew a big ox for them. les dibujó un gran buey.“Moo.” The ox went to work plowing. “Muu.” El buey empezó a trabajar arando.A magistrate heard Maliang had a magic Un magistrado oyó que Malián tenía un pincel brush and sent his soldiers to fetch him mágico y envió a sus soldados para que lo apresaran and bring him to the court. y lo llevaran a la corte.He wanted him to draw some gold bricks. Quería que él dibujara unos ladrillos de oro.Maliang hated the magistrate and standing Malián aborrecía al magistrado, y parado motionless, he cried out: “I can’t draw.” totalmente inmóvil gritó: “Yo no puedo dibujar.”The magistrate got extremely angry and El magistrado se enojó en extremo y locked him in prison. lo encerró en la prisión.When midnight came, Cuando llegó la medianoche, the guard fell fast asleep. el guardia se quedó profundamente dormido.Maliang, with his magic brush, drew a door Malián, con su pincel mágico, pintó una puerta on the wall, and when he gave it a push it opened. en la pared y cuando la empujó se abrió.He said: “Fellow villagers, let’s get out of here.” Dijo: “Compañeros, vámonos de aquí.”And all the poor prisoners followed him Todos los prisioneros pobres lo siguieron and escaped. y escaparon.When the magistrate heard that Maliang Cuando el magistrado supo que Malián had escaped he sent his soldiers había escapado, envió a sus soldados to catch him. para que lo apresaran.But earlier Maliang had drawn Pero más antes Malián había dibujado a fast horse. un caballo muy veloz.He mounted the horse and rode far off Montó al caballo y se alejó where they could not catch up with him. para que no lo pudieran alcanzar.One day he arrived at a place where Un día llegó a un lugar en donde the ground was parched. la tierra estaba seca.The peasants had no waterwheel, Los campesinos no tenían una aspas de molino, so they had to carry water in buckets. así que tenían que llevar agua en baldes.“Hang yow, hang yow,” they chanted “Jon-yo, Jon-yo,” cantaban as they strained. a medida que se esforzaban.Maliang said: “Let me draw you some Malián dijo: “Déjenme dibujarles unas waterwheels.” aspas de molino.”Getting water wheels, the peasants Al tener sus aspas de molino, los campesinos were happy. se alegraron.Just then, several guards stepped out of the En ese momento, varios guardias salieron de entre crowd, put chains around Maliang’s la multitud, le pusieron cadenas a Malián neck, and took him away. en su cuello, y se lo llevaron.The magistrate, seated in the great court, El magistrado, sentado en la gran corte, shouted repeatedly: exclamó repetidas veces:“Take Maliang and tie him up. “Llévense a Malián y amárrenlo. Take his brush away from him and Quítenle el pincel y send at once for the painter.” llamen de inmediato al pintor.”When the painter came, the magistrate asked him Cuando el pintor llegó, el magistrado le pidió to draw a precious coin tree. que dibujara un precioso árbol de monedas.

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The painter took Maliang’s brush and El pintor tomó el pincel de Malián y painted a precious coin tree. pintó un árbol de monedas preciosas.The magistrate was overjoyed. El magistrado estaba muy contento.He ran hastily to the tree but only Corrió apresuradamente hacia el árbol, mas sólo hit his head on the wall, consiguió golpearse la cabeza en la pared, giving himself a bruise on his forehead. y recibió una magulladura en la frente.The painting was still a painting. La pintura seguía siendo una pintura. It had not turned into a real precious No se había convertido en un verdadero coin tree. árbol de monedas preciosas.The magistrate came over to Maliang, untied him, El magistrado vino a Malián, lo desató, and in a voice that feigned sweetness said: y en una voz que fingía dulzura le dijo:“Maliang, good Maliang, wouldn’t you draw “Malián, buen Malián, ¿podrías dibujar a nice picture for me?” un bonito cuadro para mí?”Intending to get his magic brush back, Con intenciones de recobrar su pincel, Maliang replied in one breath: Malián replicó con un suspiro:“All right. I’ll draw you a picture one time.” “Está bien. Voy a dibujarte una pintura una vez.”The magistrate, seeing Maliang agree, El magistrado, viendo que Malián aceptaba, gladly took the magic brush and gave it back, gustosamente tomó el pincel mágico y se lo devolvió, asking him to draw a gold mountain. pidiéndole que dibujara una montaña de oro.Maliang didn’t say anything, but on the wall Malián no dijo nada, pero en la pared with his magic brush he drew a sea with no end. dibujó con su pincel mágico un mar sin fin.The magistrate furiously said: El magistrado dijo furiosamente: “Who asked you to draw a sea? “¿Quién te pidió que dibujaras un mar?Draw me a gold mountain. Now!” ¡Dibuja una montaña de oro, ahora mismo!”Maliang made some strokes with his brush. Malián dió varias pinceladas.In the middle of the sea, a gold mountain appeared. En medio del mar apareció una montaña de oro. A mountain of glittering gold. Una montaña llena de reluciente oro.The magistrate jumped straight up and El magistrado saltó y dijo said over and over: una y otra vez:“Quick, draw a big boat—draw a “Rápido, dibuja un gran barco—dibuja un big boat. gran barco.I want to climb the gold mountain Quiero escalar la montaña and carry off the gold.” para recoger el oro.”Maliang drew a big boat. Malián dibujó un gran barco.Taking his soldiers, the magistrate Guiando a sus soldados, el magistrado jumped on board and said: se subió a bordo y dijo:“Quick, set sail, set sail!” “¡Apúrense, zarpemos, zarpemos!”Maliang drew some gusts of wind, Malián dibujó unas ráfagas de viento and the sails picked it up. que empujaban a las velas.The boat started sailing out to the sea. El barco comenzó a navegar entrando al mar.The magistrate thought the boat El magistrado pensó que el barco iba too slow. demasiado lento.So, standing on the bow, he shouted: Así que parándose en la proa, gritó:“More wind. More wind.” “¡Más viento, más viento!”Again Maliang drew several fierce Otra vez Malián dibujó algunas fuertes gusts of wind. ráfagas de viento.The sea’s waters became rough and Las aguas del mar se enfurecieron y the boat began to rock. el barco comenzó a tambalear.The magistrate became frightened and said, El magistrado se asustó, y suplicando misericordia begging for mercy: “Enough wind, enough wind.” dijo: “¡Basta de viento! ¡Basta de viento!”But Maliang paid no attention to him and Pero Malián no le prestó atención y continued to draw more wind. continuó dibujando más viento.The wind got still fiercer and the sea El viento se pusó más furioso y el mar began to roar. comenzó a rugir.Finally the waters became like mountains Finalmente las aguas se volvieron como montañas striking against the boat. que azotaban al barco.The boat capsized. El barco naufragó.The magistrate and all the others sank El magistrado y todos los demás se hundieron to the bottom of the sea. hasta el fondo del mar.Maliang went back to the poor people, drawing Malián regresó a los pobres, dibujándoles whatever thing they needed. cualquier cosa de la cual ellos tuvieran necesidad.

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LA COSA MÁS BELLA EN EL MUNDOInstructions: Cover the English and read the story. Don’t worry ifyou can’t understand everything. After you have read the story inSpanish, look at the English.

#158 The Most Beautiful Thing in theWorld

Once there was a young artist who wanted Había una vez un joven artista que quería to paint the most beautiful thing in the world. pintar la cosa más hermosa en el mundo.Not knowing what it was or where to find it, Sin saber qué era o dónde encontrarla, he left his family and went out dejó a su familia y salió into the world to search for it. al mundo a buscarla.As he traveled about, he saw an old priest. Mientras viajaba, vió a un viejo sacerdote He said to him: “Father, you have lived y le dijo: “Padre, usted ha vivido very long and seem to be wise. muchos años y parece ser sabio.Can you tell me what the most beautiful ¿Puede decirme cuál es la cosa más bella thing in the world is?” en el mundo?”The old priest replied: “That is very simple. El viejo sacerdote le contestó: “Eso es muy sencillo.Surely faith is the most beautiful thing in the world.” Ciertamente la fe es la cosa más bella en el mundo.”

Pondering the priest’s answer, but without being Meditando la respuesta del sacerdote, pero sure how to paint faith, the young artist sin estar seguro de cómo pintar la fe, el joven artistacontinued traveling until he came to an siguió viajando hasta que llegó con un old farmer. viejo granjero.“Kind sir,” he said to the farmer, “you have “Amable señor,” le dijo al granjero, “usted ha lived close to nature. Can you tell me vivido cerca de la naturaleza. ¿Puede decirme what the most beautiful thing in the world is?” cuál es la cosa más bella en el mundo?”The farmer replied: “That is easy. El granjero contestó: “Eso es sencillo. Surely hope is the most beautiful thing Ciertamente la esperanza es la cosa más bella in the world.” del mundo.”

Pondering the answers of the farmer and the Meditando las respuestas del granjero y del priest, yet not knowing how he could paint sacerdote, pero sin saber cómo podía pintar faith and hope, the artist continued traveling la fé y la esperanza, el artista siguió viajando until he came to a young bride. hasta que llegó a una novia joven.He said to her: “How happy you look! Can you tell me Le dijo: “¡Qué feliz parece! ¿Puede decirme what is the most beautiful thing in the world?” cuál es la cosa más bella en el mundo?”The bride replied: “That is easy. Surely La novia le contestó: “Eso es muy fácil. Ciertarmente love is the most beautiful thing in the world.” el amor es la cosa más bella en el mundo.”

Not knowing how he could paint love, the artist Sin saber cómo podía pintar el amor, el artista traveled on until he came to a siguió viajando hasta que se encontró con un wounded soldier returning home from war. soldado herido regresando a casa de la guerra.He asked him: “Can you tell me what is the Le preguntó: “¿Puede decirme cuál es lamost beautiful thing in the world?” cosa más bella en el mundo?”The soldier replied: “That is easy. Surely El soldado le contestó: “Eso es fácil. Ciertarmente peace is the most beautiful thing in the world.” la paz es la cosa más hermosa del mundo.”

The young artist pondered what the priest, El joven artista meditó lo que el sacerdote, the farmer, the bride, and the soldier had said, el granjero, la novia, y el soldado habían dicho, but thought: How can I paint faith, pero pensó: ¿Cómo puedo yo pintar la fé, hope, love, and peace in one picture? la esperanza, el amor, y la paz en una sola pintura?

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Thinking there was nothing further he could Pensando que ya no había nada más que pudiera learn, he turned back and returned home. aprender, dió la vuelta y regresó a su casa.

The moment he entered his home, Al momento de entrar a su casa, he saw the following: vió lo siguiente:In the face of his mother he saw faith. En la cara de su madre vió la fé. In the eyes of his children he saw hope. En los ojos de sus hijos vió la esperanza. In the smile of his wife he saw love. En la sonrisa de su esposa vió el amor. And around his house he saw peace. Y alrededor de su casa vió la paz.

At once the young artist began to paint Al punto el joven artista empezó a pintar the picture of the most beautiful thing in the world. la pintura de la cosa más bella en el mundo.And that picture was nothing more than Y esa pintura no era más que his own home and family. su propio hogar y familia.Let us not forget that in our own home No olvidemos que en nuestro propio hogar we find faith, hope, love, and peace, encontramos la fé, la esperanza, el amor, y la paz, and these are surely the most beautiful things y éstas son verdaderamente las cosas más hermosas in the world. en el mundo.

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THE ADVENTURE CONTINUESDAY ELEVEN—1200FIVE-AND-A-HALF HOURS TO RENDEZVOUS

You finish the exercises by lunch time. Renata checks your workquickly and nods her approval. “Congratulations! You havelearned an amazing amount of Spanish,” she tells you. She goes onto detail what you have learned—it is exactly what Señora Quintanatold you that you would learn.

1. You’ve learned a lot of vocabulary on a wide variety of topics.2. You’ve mastered question words that will let you request and

understand information.3. You’ve mastered basic grammar and verb conjugations, without

spending hours memorizing dull lists.4. You’ve learned a number of conversations, and your knowledge

of the language will allow you to modify these conversations to fit different situations.

5. You know how to use the language and could communicate in a Spanish-speaking country.

“And best of all,” she continues, “You had fun! Now that youhave completed my challenge, I can guide you to the treasure youseek. A ver . . . it’s time for my lunch break. Follow me, por favor.”

As you walk, Renata tells you about her homeland, Venezuela.

VENEZUELA CULTURE OVERVIEWVenezuela is the most prosperous and urban country in SouthAmerica. It’s not uncommon to see old and new side by side inmyriad aspects of life. Venezuelans are known for their goodhumor and their patriotism. Simón Bolívar, who liberated much ofSouth America, was Venezuelan. Venezuelans tend to be quitefashion conscious. About 90 percent of the populace is RomanCatholic, but other faiths are gaining popularity.

FACTS AND FIGURES ON VENEZUELA• Venezuela’s population is about 22.6 million and is growing

by 2.4% annually.• Venezuela’s main export is petroleum.• The most popular sport in Venezuela is baseball.

More on Hispanic Culture

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• Spanish is Venezuela’s official language, but English is arequired course in the schools. Also, Venezuelan Spanish hasheavy Portuguese influences.

• Venezuela’s federal government has a president and a bicameral legislature.

As you walk with Renata and Stump, you wonder what the treasurecould be. In your mind, you go over the clues you’ve received:tomates, cebollas, cilantro, chiles verdes, ají amarillo, pimientos verdes,vinagre blanco, coriander, azucar, and polvo de ajo. It must be somekind of food, but what?

You follow Renata across town to una casita blanca in an older areaof town. You hear what sounds like a party going on inside thehouse. Renata knocks on the door. An old woman with laughlines and a big smile answers the door and invites you to enter.Inside the house, the old woman is indeed hosting a party. Sheintroduces herself as Violeta de Gutierrez and asks you to makeyourself at home.

Renata explains that Violeta is a widow, una viuda. She is the lastsurviving member of the first Spanish family to settle the island.Her family has been famous for the quality of the vegetables theygrow, and because they shared their expertise with the wholeisland, the island is known for growing the most delicious vegeta-bles in the world. Violeta’s family also has a wonderful recipeusing these vegetables, and Violeta has been seeking someone towhom she can give the recipe.

You look around the room. To your surprise, you recognize every-one in the room. You see Beatriz, Bárbara, Esteban, Ricardo, andall the other people who have helped you in your quest. They con-gratulate you on your completion of all the language challenges.They explain that the challenges were necessary to make sure thatwhoever obtained Violeta’s maravillosa recipe would understandher language and cultural background. A delicioso, picante smellwafts from the kitchen. After a few minutes, Violeta comes intothe room carrying a tray piled high with tortilla chips. In the mid-dle of the tray is a large bowl filled with salsa.

“That must be what we came for,” whispers Stump, looking at thebowl of salsa. “It smells wonderful.”

The two of you try the salsa. It is the best salsa you have ever eaten,the ultimate salsa—not too mild, not too hot, and full of spices andfresh vegetables. You explain your purpose on the island toVioleta and ask if you can buy her recipe.

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She shakes her head. “No, no puede comprar mi receta. Yo no quieroganar mucho dinero. Pero si puede completar este examen, yo le daré lareceta.” You understand what she says. You can’t buy her recipe—she has no desire to be rich. However, if you can complete her test,she will give you the recipe.

You agree to her terms. She hands you a test filled with culturalquestions about the nations you have studied during your adventure.

CULTURE SELF TESTInstructions: Answer these questions based on your reading. Feelfree to check this study unit and others to find the answers. Whenyou finish, check your answers in the appendix.

1. Name two of the most important cultural bonds in Hispanicculture.

2. What day of the week do Peruvians favor for family outings?

3. Name two of Mexico’s main exports.

4. What is the most prosperous and urban country in SouthAmerica?

5. What are the most popular sports in Spain?

6. What is the most popular sport in Venezuela?

7. What country became the first in South America to givewomen the right to vote?

8. You can tell where a rural Bolivian comes from by looking atwhat article of clothing?

9. What are the three languages spoken in Peru?

10. Where is the driest desert in the world?

11. Name two of the main products of Uruguay.

12. Name the two South American countries that don’t share aborder with Brazil.

13. What is Venezuela’s main export?

14. What is a popular national dish in Colombia?

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15. What do Uruguayans like to visit during the summer?

16. In what Central American country is there a law againstworking animals more than forty-eight hours per week?

17. Venezuelan Spanish is heavily influenced by what other language?

18. Name the three main groups of people in Ecuador.

19. What are the two official languages of Paraguay?

20. What country is nicknamed “the sports capital of CentralAmerica”?

21. What is eaten with every meal in Guatemala?

22. Which Central American country has the largest pine forestin Latin America?

23. What is Nicaragua’s national sport?

24. Name two popular foods in Panamá.

When you complete the test, Violeta checks your answers and thenhands you the recipe for her delicious salsa.

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SALSA1 gallon tomatoes, peeled and chopped3 onions6 mild green peppers1 yellow pepper4 green bell peppers1 t cilantro1 c white vinegar1 t coriander1/3 c sugar1 t garlic powder

Mix all ingredients together in a very large pan. Cook 3–4 hourson simmer. Cool and eat or process for 10 minutes in pint bottles.

Recipe: Salsa

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THE ADVENTURE CONTINUESVioleta goes back to the kitchen and returns with three bottles ofsalsa—one for you, one for Stump, and one for the Quintanas, whohosted you. You thank Violeta for the party, the recipe, and thedelicious salsa. Then you deliver the Quintanas’ bottle of salsa andrush to the rendezvous point, where you are just in time to meetyour ride to the submarine.

Aboard the submarine, the captain and his team of experts debriefyou. Later that evening, he invites you to his ready room. He con-gratulates you on your hard work and offers you some of a freshbatch of salsa. It’s just as delicious here as it was on the island, butyou nearly choke on it when you hear what the captain says next.

“You have proven your ability to learn a language,” he tells you.“Now choose your next adventure: France for l’île de Providence orGermany for Flucht nach Deutschland.”

END TAPE 6, SIDE B

Please review the material for Tape 6, Side B. Beforegoing on, complete the examination 98685900.

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EXAMINATION

Your listening comprehension skills will be tested in this examination. The final section involveslistening to a selection in Spanish. The selection for this examination is the sixth one on the lis-tening comprehension tape (Tape 4L). Before answering any of the questions on this exam, setup Tape 4L so that the sixth selection is ready to play when you are ready to work on the listen-ing comprehension section.

Part 1—English to SpanishGive the Spanish equivalent of the following English sentences.

1. We lost the game.

2. How can that be?

3. I’m looking for a person who knows how to draw.

4. There’s no such person here.

5. On the contrary, I’m not even rich.

6. Then I was mistaken.

7. Don’t worry. For sure the sun will come out tomorrow.

8. I didn’t realize it.

9. This is a very important matter.

10. I’ll do it as soon as possible.

Part 2—Listening ComprehensionYou will hear a story in Spanish. It’s rather lengthy. As you listen to the story, take notes on scrap paper.Listen a second time, and as you listen, make your notes more complete. In English, summarize thestory in a composition of between 10 and 20 sentences.

EXAMINATION NUMBER:

98685900

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PREPARING YOUR EXAM

This examination requires you to write sentences and paragraphs. To prepare this examination, follow theinstructions below.

Prepare your examination in any word-processing program. At the top of every page, include your name,Student Number, and complete mailing address. Also, please indicate if the exam is a retest.

As you type your Spanish sentences and paragraphs, you must also include diacritical marks and othersymbols. To insert these special characters, follow these steps:

1. Press Num Lock.

2. Hold down the Alt key as you enter the appropriate code. The codes you’ll need are as follows:

3. Release the Alt key and the proper character will appear.

SUBMITTING YOUR EXAM

You have two methods you can use to submit your examination:

Method 1Log in to your Student Portal and submit your examination by clicking on Take Exam and following theinstructions on your screen.

Method 2Print your work and give it to your instructor who will fax it for grading. The fax number is (570) 343-3620.

Symbol or Letter Code

¿ 0191

¡ 0161

ñ 0241

ÿ 0255

é 0233

í 0237

ó 0243

ú 0250

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Page 35: Culture Self Test 1. Spanish language and Roman Catholic religion2. Sunday3. Any of these four—shrimp, cotton, oil, and coffee4. Venezuela5. soccer and bullfighting6. baseball7. Uruguay8. hat9. Spanish, Quechua, and Ayamara

10. Chile12. wool and cattle13. petroleum14. Arroz con pollo or chicken with rice15. beaches16. Costa Rica17. Portuguese18. Serranos, Costenos and Native Americans from Amazon regions19. Spanish and Guaraní20. El Salvador21. tortillas22. Honduras23. baseball24. Omelets and tortillas

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Appendix