SUBJECT INDEXINDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY

VOLUME 37—1945

Absorption Factor Equation, Nomograph for. G. E. M ap ston e .. . . 1222A cetic A cid

Bimury Systems, Vapor Composition from Boiling Solutions of.D. F. Othmer and K. F. B enenati.......................................................... 299

Eaterification with Butanol. C. E. Leyes and D. F. Othmer.......... 968Eaterification with 2,3-Butylene Glycol. Nathan Shlechter, D. F.

Othmer, and Seymour Marshak.............................................................. 900-W ater System. Vapor Composition and Other Properties (Cor­

rection). D. F. Othmer............................................................................. 952Acetone—Cottonseed Oil Mixtures, Viscosity and Density of. F. C.

Magne and E. L. Skau...... ............................................................................. 1097Acetone-Water Boiling Solutions, Vapor Composition from. D. F.

Othmer and R. F. Benenati........................................................................... 299Acetylmethylcai^binol-Water System, Liquid-Vapor Equilibria in.

R. H. Blom and Aaron Efron....................................................................... 1237Acids, Organic, M etal Corrosion by, in Hydrocarbon Solvents. C. F.

Prutton, D. R . Frey, D . Turnbull, and G. D lou hy ........................... 90(See also individual acid)

Aconitic (Propene-l,2,3-tricarboxylic) Acid from Citric Acid by Catalytic Dehydration. R. R. Umbdenstock and P. F. B ru in s .. . 963

Acrylate, M ethyl, by Pyrolysis of M ethyl Acetoxypropionate. W. P.Ratchford and C. H. F isher.......................................................................... 382

Acrylic Resin Emulsions. W. C. M ast, L. T. Smith, and C. H. Fisher 365 Acrylonitrile, Physical Properties of. H. S. Davis and O. F. Wiede-

man......................................................................................................................... 482Activity Coefficient Curves, Empirical Correction for. R. A. Morgen

and J. H. Childs. (Correction, 1046)....................................................... 667Adsorption and I on E xchange, Symposium

Active Carbon. J. W. Hassler and W. E. M cM inn............................ 645Base Exchange of Crystalline Silicates. S. B . Hendricks................ 625Gas Adsorption Methods for Measuring Surface Area of Adsorbents.

P. H. E m m ett................................................................................................ 639Metal Recovery by Anion Exchange. Sidney Sussman, F. C.

Nachod, and William W ood..................................................................... 618Water Adsorption Measurements on Silica Gel. R. K. Taylor. . . . 649

A gitationHigh-Speed Agitator for Pressure Vessels. M. W. Kiebler.............. 538Mixer Performance Data from Pilot Plants. J. H. Rushton........... 422in Pilot Plants. E. S. Bissell, F . D . Miller, and H. J. E verett......... 426

Agricultural Residues. ,See Wastes.Alcohols

Polyhydric, from Hydrogenolysis of Sugars in Presence of Copper-Aluminum Oxide. C. W. Lenth and R. N. D u P u is..................... 152

Thermal Conductivity of Glycols and. O. K. Bates and GeorgeH a z z a r d . . . . ..................................................................................................... 193

(See also individual alcohol)Alkyd R esin-Red Lead Reactions. A. J. Eickhoff, L. M. Kebrich,

and J. G. W ills.................................................................................................... 399Allyl Ether of Starch. P. L. Nichols, Jr., R . M. Hamilton, L. T.

Smith, and E. Y anovsky................................................................................. 201Alumina

-Carbon Dioxide-Sodium Oxide-Water Systems, Viscosity of.J. M. Hall and S. J. Green........................................................................ 977

-Chromia Catalysts for Converting n-Heptane to Toluene. R. C.Archibald and B. S. Greensfelder............................................................ 356

from Low-Grade Bauxite. R. F. Gould .................................................. 796-Silica Catalysts for Conversion of Aromatics. *R. C. Hansford,

C. G. Myers, and A. N. Sachanen.......................................................... 671-Silica Gels as Catalysts in Petroleum Industry. Specific Surface

and Particle Size Distribution. P. B. Elkin, C. G. Shull, and L.C. R oess............................................................................................................ 327

X -Ray Diffraction Examination of -y-Alumina. M. H. Jellinekand I. Fankuchen.......................................................................................... 158

Aluminum, Wartime Production. H. A. Klagsbrunn............................ 608Aluminum Corrosion Inhibitors. G. G. Eldredge and R. B. Mears.

(Correction, 1183).............................................................................................. 736Aluminum Chloride as Catalyst in Isoparaffin Production from Petro­

leum Fractions. V. I. Komarewsky and Lee W arson......................... 323Aluminum Sulfate Solutions, Specific Gravity of. J. W. Silva and

J. E. Chenevey................................................................................................... 1016Amines, Sympathomimetic, Symposium

Clinical Importance and Uses. Harry G old.......................................... 117Imidazole Derivatives. C. R. Scholz....................................................... 120Pharmacologic Methods and Objectives in Research. M. L.

Tain ter.............................................................................................................. 1380-Phenethylamine Derivatives. W. H. Hartung................................. 126Phenyl Propyl and Phenyl Isopropyl Amines. B. E. Graham,

G. F. Cartland, and E. H. Woodruff.................................................... 149Relation of Structure to Deamination. K . H. Beyer and H. S.

Morrison........................................................................................................... 143Amino Acid-Reducing Sugar Condensation Products. Louis Sattler

and F. W. Zerban.............................................................................................. 1133Ammonium N iteate

in Fertilizer Mixtures, Combustibility of. R. O. E. D avis andJ. O. Hardesty................................................................................................ 5 9

in Fertilizer Mixtures, Moisture Relations of. J. O. Hardesty, J. Y.. Yee, and K. S. Love..................................................................................... 567m Isopropanol Solution, Solubility and D ensity Isotherms for.

A. R. Thompson and M. C. M olstad..................................................... 1244Properties of Granular and Monocrystalline Types of. W. H.

Ross, J. Y. Yee, and S. B. Hendricks. (Correction, 1198)......... 1079n-Amyl Alcohol, Thermal Conductivity of. O. K. Bates and George

Hazzard............ ................................................................................................... 19 3Amylase Preparations as Conversion Agents for Alcoholic Fermenta-

tion. L. C. Hao and J. A. Jump. (Correction, 7 9 0 )......................... 521Amylase Production on Wheat Bran. L. D . Beckord, Eric Kneen,

and K. H. L ew is................................................................................................ 6 9 2

Amline-Toluene-Water System , Solubility D ata for. J. C. Smithand R. E . D rexel............................................................................................. 601

Anion Exchange. See Ion Exchange.Anthraquinone, Paper Capacitors Stabilized by. D . A. McLean and

L. Egerton............................... ......................................................................... 73Apple Sirup by Ion Exchange Process. R. E. Buck and H. H. Mot-

tern ....................................................................................................................... @35Aralac. See Casein Fiber.Army Water Supplies, Scale and Corrosion Control in. R. T. Han­

lon, A. J. Steffen, G. A. Rohlich, and L. H. Kessler................ 724Aromatics. Alkyl Group Transfer in Presence of Silica-Alumina

Catalysts. R. C. Hansford, C. G. Myers, and A. N . Sach anen .. . . 671Aromatics, Pure, Catalytic Cracking of.- B. S. Greensfelder, H. H.

Voge, and G. M. G ood.................................................................................. 1168Ascorbic Acid, d-Iso-, as Antioxidant. W. B. Esselen, Jr., J. J. Powers,

and R. Woodward........................................................................................... 295Asparagus Butt-Juice Media for Tyrothricin Production in Cultures

of Bacillus brevis. J. C. Lewis, K. P. Dimick, and I. C. F e u s te l . . . 996A sphalt

Bitumen Examination with Electron Microscope. D. L. Katz andK. E. B eu ........................................................................................................ 1 95

Coke of Compact Nonporous Type. A. G. V. Berry and R. Edge-worth-Johnstone............................................................................................ 551

from Petroleum Extracts. P . V. M cKinney, M. G. Mayberry,and H. E. Westlake, Jr............................................................................... 177

Automatic Controllers Applied to Heat Exchangers. J. L. More,F. J. Quail, and J. W. Bain.......................................................................... 912

Azeotropes, Binary, in Ternary-System Rectification. R. H. Ewelland L. M. W elch............................................................................................... 1224

Azeotropic Dehydration of Pyridine and Its Homologs. Lloyd Berg,J. M. Harrison, and C. W. M ontgomery................................................. 585

B

Bacillus brevis Cultures for Tyrothricin Production. J. C. Lewis,K. P. Dimick, and I. C. Feustel.................................................................. 996

Bacon Rancidity, Effect of Antioxidants on Development of. F. H.Smith, D. E. Brady, and R. E. Comstock.............................*................ 1206

Base Exchange. See Ion Exchange.Batteries, Storage. Formation Temperature and Cold Capacity.

T. C. Lynes, Frank Hovorka, and L. E. W ells...................................... 776Bauxite, Alumina from Low Grades of. R. F. Gould............................ 796Bauxite as Catalyst for Styrene Production. W. H. Wood and R. G.

Capell........... ; • • • ; ............................................................................................. 1148Benzene of Nitration Grade, Nonbenzenoid Hydrocarbons and

Toluene as Impurities in. J. R. Anderson and C. J. E ngelder .. . . 541Benzene of Recycle Grade, Nonbenzenoid Hydrocarbons in. J. R.

Anderson, A. S. Jones, and C. J. Engelder............................................. 1052B inary Systems

Acetylmethylcarbinol-Water, Liquid-Vapor Equilibria in. R. H.Blom and Aaron Efron............................................................................... 1237

Azeotropes in Rectification of Ternary Systems. R. H. Ewell andL. M. W elch................................................................................................... 1224

Boiling, Vapor Composition fromAqueous Systems of Acetone, Methanol, and M ethyl Ethyl Ke­

tone; Systems with Acetic Acid. D . F. Othmer and R. F.Benenati...................................................................................................... 299

2,3-Butylene Glycol Systems. D. F. Othmer, Nathan Shlechter,and W. A. Koszalka................................................................................ 895

Carbon Dioxide-Paraffin, Phase Behavior of. F. H. Poettmannand D. L. K a tz ........................ ..................................................................... 847

Equilibrium Curves for Multicomponent Fractionation. F. J.Jenny and M. J. Cicalese........................................................................... 956

Bitumen Examination with Electron Micro.°nope. D. L. Katz andK. E. B eu ............................................................................................................. 195

Boiling. See Bubble Formation.Bristles from Proteins. T. L. McMeekin, T. S. Reid, R. C. Warner,

and R. W. Jackson............................................................................................ 685B ubble F ormation. R. F. Larson

Factors Affecting Boiling in a Liquid........................................................ 1004Metastable States of Liquid and Vapor.................................................... 1010

B una SEffect of Atmospheric Hum idity on. F. E. Rupert and F. W. Gage 378 Gel as Definitive Property of. L. M. White, E. S. Ebers, G. E.

Shriver, and S. Breck.................................................................................. 770Latex Density. C. C. W inding.................................................................. 1203Structural Changes in Vulcanization of. M. H. Keck and L. E.

Cheyney........................................................................................................... 1084Tall Oil Esters as Plasticizers for. W. I. Harber and C. S. Yoran. 953Tread Stocks, Fatigue Failure of. Hugh Winn and J. R. S he lton .. 67

B utadienefrom Naphthene Pyrolysis. Lloyd Berg, G. L. Sumner, Jr., C. W.

Montgomery, and James Coull................................................................ 352Purification by Solvent Extraction. A. S. Smith and T. B. Braun 1047(See also 2,3-Butylene Glycol)

Butane-Carbon Dioxide Systems, Phase Behavior of. F. H. Poett­mann and D. L. K atz...................................................................................... 847

Butane, Iso-, System with Methane and Ethylene. Liquid-VaporEquilibrium. Manson Benedict, Ernest Solomon, and L. C. Rubin 55

2,3-Butanediol from Acid-Hydrolyzed Starch. G. E. Ward, O. G.Pettijohn, and R. D. Coghill...................................... ............................... 1189

Butanes, Physical Properties of. R. C. Wackher, C. B . Linn, andA. V. Grosse........................................................................................................

Butanol Esterification with Acetic Acid. C. E. Leyes and D. F.Othmer.................................................................................................................. 968

n-Butanol Thermal Conductivity. O. K. Bates and George Hazzard 1932 -Butanone-Cottonseed Oil Mixtures, Viscosity and D ensity of. F.

C. Magne and E. L. Skau............................................................................... 1097

Butasin. See Lignin Plastic.Butenes, Physical Properties of. R. C. Wackher, C. B . Linn, and

A. V. Grosse.......................................................................................................... 4 6 4Butylene, Iso-, and Propylene, Heptenes and Heptanes from. V. N.

Ipatieff and R. E. Schaad.............................................................................. 362Butylene, Polyiso-, for Tank Lining. D'. W. Young and W. C. Har­

n e y ............................................................................................................................ 6752 , 3 - B u t y l e n e G l y c o l

A cétylation by Continuous Process. L. E. Schniepp, J. W. D un­ning, and E. C. Lathrop............................................................................ 872

Estérification with Acetic Acid. Nathan Shlechter, D. F. Othmer,and Seymour M arshak................. .............................................................. 900

Liquid-Liquid Extraction Data for Systems Used in Butadiene Manufacture. D. F. Othmer, W. S. Bergen, Nathan Shlechter,and P. F. Bruins............................................................................................ 890

Liquid-Vapor Equilibrium in Mixtures with Water. R. H. Blom,G. C. Mustakas, Aaron Efron, and D. L. R eed...... .............. .. . . . . 870

Pilot-Plant Conversion of D iacetate to 1,3-Butadiene. L. E. Schniepp, J. W. Dunning, H. H. Geller, S. A. Morell, and E. C.Lathrop ............................ .......................................................................... 884

Pyrolysis of Diacetate to ButadieneS. A. Morell, H. H. Geller, and E. C. Lathrop.................................. 877N athan Shlechter, D. F. Othmer, and Robert B ra n d .................... 905

Recovery from Fermentation Liquors. R. H. Blom, D . L. Reed,Aaron Efron, and G. C. M ustakas................... . .................. . .............. 865

Vapor Composition from Boiling Binary Solutions Used in Buta­diene Manufacture. D. F. Othmer, Nathan Shlechter, and W.A. K oszalka..................................................................................................... 895

Cadmium Corrosion by Organic Acids in Hydrocarbon Solvents.C. F. Prutton, D. R. Frey, D . Turnbull, and G. D lou hy.................. 90

Calcium Carbonate, Corrosion Prevention by Controlled Scale of.S. T. Powell, H. E. Bacon, and J. R. L ill............................................... 842

Calcium Carbonate Scale Prevention with Glassy Phosphate. G. B.Hatch and Owen Rice. (Discussion, J. A. Holmes, 715).................. 710

Calcium Lignosulfonate for Cement Dispersion by Adsorption. F. M.Ernsberger and W. G. France....................................................................... 598

Calcium Phosphate, Tri-. Preparation and Identification of “Refer­ence” Precipitated Hydrate. W. H. Maclntire, George Palmer, andH. L. Marshall.................................................................................................... 164

Calgon. See Sodium Phosphate.Canned Foods, Nutritive Value of. Influence of Storage on Vitamin

Content. N. B. Guerrant, M. G. Vavich, and R. A. D utcher......... 1240Canned Orange Juice Quality. J. M. Boyd and G. T. Peterson......... 370Carbinol, Acetyl methyl-, System with Water. Liquid-Vapor Equilib­

ria. R. H. Blom and Aaron Efron.......................................................... 1237Carbinol, M ethylvinyl-, Production of Methyl Vinyl Ketone from.

J. J. Kolfenbach, E. F. Tuller, L. A. Underkofler, and E. I. Fulmer 1178 Carbon, A ctivated, Adsorptive Properties of. J. W. Hassler and W.

E. M cM inn........................................................................................................... 645Carbon Formation in C atalytic Cracking. Alexis Voorhies, Jr......... 318C arbon D ioxide

-A lum ina-Sodium Oxide-W ater Systems, Viscosity of. J. M.Hall and S. J. Green..................................................................................... 977

-E th an e Volumetric Behavior. H. H. Reamer, R. H. Olds, B. H.Sage, and W. N. L acey ............................................................................... 6 8 8

-Paraffin Systems, Phase Behavior of. F. H. Poettmann and D.L. K a tz .............................................................................................................. 847

Carbonium-Ion Theory of Isoparaffin Alkylation. F. G. Ciapetta. . 1210Carboxymethylcellulose Uses and Applications. C. B. Hollabaugh,

L. H. Burt, and A. P. W alsh ......................................................................... 943Case in

Bristles from. T . L. M cM eekin, T. S. Reid, R. C. Warner, andR. W. Jackson................................................................................................. 685

Fiber (Aralac), Tensile Strength of. R. F. Peterson, T. P. Caldwell,N . J. Hipp, R. Hellbach, and R. W. Jackson.................................... 492

Viscosity Patterns Compared with Peanut Protein. R. S. Burnett,E. J. Roberts, and E. D. Parker.............................................................. 276

Cashew Nutshell Liquid, Monophenol from, and from CardanolCompared. D avid Wasserman and C. R. D a w so n .............................. 396

C astilla as Rubber of Western Hemisphere. E „ M . Blair and T. F.F ord ......................................................................................................................... 760

Castor Oil, Acetylated. Preparation and Thermal Decomposition.Oliver Grummitt and Harold Flem ing...................................................... 485

CatalysisAconitic Acid from Citric Acid by Dehydration. R. R. Umbden-

stock and P. F. Bruins................................................................................. 963Cracking of Pure Hydrocarbons. B. S. Greensfelder e ta l ..................

................................ ............................................................... 514, 983, 1038, 1168Ethylene Oxidation in Vapor Phase. E. T. McBee, H. B. Hass, and

P. A. W isem an............................................................................................ .. . 432Fluid Cracking, P ilot Plant D evelopm ent of. L. E. Carlsmith

and F. B. Johnson.......................................................................................... 451Heterogeneous Reactions in Continuous-Flow Systems. H. M.

H ulburt............................................................................... ............................. 1063Oxidation of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons to Maleic and Fumaric

Acids. W. L. F a ith ...................................................................................... 438(See also Petroleum)

CatalystbBauxite for Styrene Production. W. H . Wood and R. G. C a p e ll . . 1148Chromia-Alumina for Converting n-Heptane to Toluene. R. C.

Archibald and B. S. Greensfelder.............................................................. 356Copper-Aluminum Oxide for Polyhydric Alcohol Production by

Hydrogenolysis of Sugars. C. W. Lenth and R. N . D u P u is . . . 152Hydrogen Fluoride in Alkylation of Isoparaffins by Olefins. C. B.

Linn and A. V. Grosse.................................................................................. 924Silica-Alumina, in Conversion of Aromatics. R. C. HanBford,

C. G. M yers, and A. N. Sachanen.............................. ; • • • • . ................Sulfuric Acid for Esterification of Butanol and Acetic Acid. C. E.

Leyes and D . F. O thm er.............................................................................. 968(See also Petroleum)

C elluloseCarboxym ethyl D erivative of. Uses and Applications. C. B.

Hollabaugh, L. H. Burt, and A. P. W alsh ........................ . ................ 943D erivatives in Thermoplastic Laminates. C. W. Eurenius, R. H.

Hecht, William Koch, and H. C. M alpass........................ ............... 959Dielectric Properties of, and of Laminating M aterials. T. W. Dakin

and R. W. A uxier.................. ..................- • ■ ■ ■ ........................................ 268Fibers, Effect of Synthetic Resins on. D . H. Pow ers......................... 188H 0 I0 -, from Softwoods. E. L. L ovell............................... 1034Hydrolysis and C atalytic Oxidation of Cellulosic Materials.

. j f T H i b r l e ? “ 5011611*8 ° f C° tton Linters- R - F - Nickerson and l l l 5

LiS T ‘l X F r othC’S e / Lig,‘in from- Raphael KatMA; F. G. Sawyer. l 2 l 8

■ ......... 265n (Correent io ^ dse9 1 )and. 0rientation ¡^ E ste r s . ' ' ' W.' o ' . ' B*ker; 246

227M M d i | c B ° y nda- ’ k V = ■' Bail'.' CV E.' Leyes,' and A. A-

Gea?hart aDCe ° f ®S‘" ' L.' W. A.' M eyer and W. ^

f l n d T G p ^ a r a c t e r i z a t i o n ' o i l ' C-' C- C °nrad 5 9 2

(.See also Sugars from Wood) .........................................C ellulose A cetate

J A ? tS n8S o o k n ta td te ^ H L n4 ° S m 0 ti0 Molecular Weight of. ^

M “ton H arrrily Mechanical Properties.'' A.' M . Sookne and ^

in T.Ti‘i?rmoRla8,tio Laminates. C. W Eurenius R- H. Hecht,^ „ William Koch, and H. C. Malpass iu r e n lu s ’ ..................... 959Cellulose A cetate Butyrate Viscosity-Moiecuia'r' W eight R elations

for. J. W. Tam blyn, D . R . Morey, and R. H. W agner........... ■ • • 573Cement, Portland, Dispersion by Adsorption of Calcium Lignosulfon-

ate. F. M. Ernsberger and W. G. France............................................... 598Chlorine Dioxide Generation on Small Scale. W. S. Hutchinson

and R. I. D erb y ........................................................ *........................................... 8 13Cholesterol Separation from Degras. Lester Yoder, O. R . Sweeney,

and L. K . Arnold.................................................................................................. 374Chromate as Corrosion Inhibitor for Nickel-Ciad Steel. H. R. Cop-

son .................................... .......................................................................................... 721Chromate Corrosion Inhibitors in Bim etallic System s. Marc Darrin 741Chromia-Alumina C atalyst for Converting 71-H eptane to Toluene.

R. C. Archibald and B. S. Greensfelder...................................................... 355Chromic Salts as Corrosion Inhibitors. R. S. Thornhill. (D iscus­

sion, W. H. J. Vernon and F. W ormwell, 7 0 9 ) ........................................ 700Chromium Recovery by Anion Exchange. Sidney Sussman, F. C.

Nachod, and William W ood ............................................................................. QjgCitric Acid, Aconitic Acid from, b y C atalytic D ehydration. R. R.

Um bdenstock and P. F. Bru ins...................................................................... 953Clay Drying. Prediction of Critical M oisture Content. D. B.

Broughton............................................................................................................... 1154Coal, Illinois Bituminous, Coke from. F . H . R eed, H . W. Jackman,

and P. W. H enline............................................................................................... 559Coal, Liquid Fuels from, by C atalytic Processes. H. H . S torch . . 340Coke from Illinois Coal. Slot-Type Oven. F . H. R eed, H. W. Jack­

man, and P. W. Henline.......................................................................... 559Coke from Petroleum, of Compact Nonporous T ype. A. G. V. Berry

and R. Edgeworth-Johnstone.......................................................................... 551Combustion of Gas with Deficiency of Air. F . E. Vandaveer and

C. G. Segeler..........................................................................................................Compression. See Pressure.Corn, Canned, Influence of Storage on Vitam in C ontent of. N B

Guerrant, M. G. Vavich, and R. A. D utcher................ * ' 1240

C orrosT on ............................................................. 566, 591, 7^ ’ 952, 1183in Hydrofluoric Acid Alkylation. M. E. Holmberg and F A

rran ge.......................................................... 0 *Inhibitors ...................................................

Calcium Carbonate Scale as. S. T. Powell, H. E. Bacon, and J . K . J L lll................................................................ _

S ted ^ trea tm en t. “for'Water, Sodium Miirite as. A. W a c h te r . . . . ................................ 74,

Inhibitors, Symposium on ............................

fOT1183)m!nUm'. G'. EIdrede e and R- B. Mears. (Correction,ChromatesYo'r' Bim etallic' S y s te m .' ' Marc' Da'rrin.......................... ™Galvanic Corrosion of Nickel-Clad Step] 7 Xil 1 ’ 741

and Lime in Water. H R Co™on EffeCt of Chromate

| “p e t 1p i ^ 0Shr i! : ea8nadt t w & 'T '' Hanlon,' A. J. ™Sodium Silicates for Protection of Qmoii w" V * * cT..........................

liam Stericker. (D U c i^ o S 1? T Sy stem s- Wil-Soluble Inhibitors. U R E v a ! L ' ^ de™ ' 720) ................. 716

n ey and J. C. Warner m t (Discussion, D . S. M cKin-

Thre'»hH iHJTVerDOn and F - Wormwefi; 70$™ ' 706;Tm-eshold Treatment of Water System« £ * " " • ' " A ............... 703Scale Prevention with Glassy Phosp'haS o 10» CTSn t r ? 1 and °w e n R ,c e . (Discussion, J. A. Holmes 7 1 ' ' H atch and

Zinc, Manganese, and ChrinUc Salts R .............. 710cussion, W . H. J. Vernon and j f i L T Thornhill. (D is-

of Lead by O lid iiing Agents and Lauri^Ac/d 7 0 9 w ..................... 706Solvents. C F. Prutton, D . Turnbull and r? i n hydrocarbon

of Metals by Organic Acids in Hvdroct?K D ' Frey ................ 917R-.Frev, D. Turnbull^ an T G C - F -

on Steel Coated with Antifouling Paint r ir ,,ouh y ................. 90gren, and J. C. Zehner.........................' • roung, G. W. Sea-

Steel Reaction Rates with Hydrogen ChiArid................................. 461Prutton, D . Turnbull, and G. Dlouhv and Sul6 de. C F

C otton ........................................ ’ ’ ^92Duck in Phenolic Laminating Materials n;«i .

T. W. Dakin and R. W. Auxier Dlele»tnc Properties ofFibers, Effect of Synthetic Resins on. D ..................................... ' 268Linters, Determination of Structural Cornrw?.W<2r8......... .......... 18S

Nickerson and J. A. Habrle.......... ^ omPonentB of. R ' 188C ottonseed .............................. ' • . . . .

Oil E itraction with Hexane. E. F. Pollard H T p ..............Gastrock................................................. ' "ix, and E a

0 iLnSd°Ee L. SkauUre8'. .Vihl.'°8h y . and DenaitV of'." ^ C. M"’ ’ " 1022

Protein Color Improvement. T. D.' Fontaine,’ S B - • • • . “*“ * 10 P7and G. W. Irving, Jr...................................... Detwiier V ' lu3‘

Cryptostegia Leaf Rubber. S. R . Hoover, T V' V,:---- ’Naghski, and J. W. White, Jr........................... D>«U, j 0;s v 1232

Cbtstals ...........................Ammonium Nitrate Properties as. W. H. Ross, J V v " "

Hendricks. (Correction, 1198).................... ‘ ' ee, ani s nBehavior of Paraffin Wax. S. W. Ferris and H. C.' Co„i'' • • ■. i m aMicrocrystalUne Waxes, Mercurial Fungicide Problem. ■• • • • ' "

Horner, F. R. Koppa, and H. W. H erb st......... “ . | | W. F 1054

........ 1069

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dS.B. (

uW. F. t

Potassium and Ammonium Nitrates in Isopropanol Solutions.A. R. Thompson and M. C. M olstad...................................... 1244

Silicates, Base Exchange of. S. B. Hendricks............................................ 625Sodium Acetate-Sodium Hydroxide-W ater System. R. A. Morgen

and R. D . Walker, Jr................................................................................... 1186Cyclohexene, Redwood Products aa Inhibitors of Oxidation in. H. F.

Lewis, M. A. Buchanan, E. F. Kurth, and D. Fronmuller...... 1108Cylinder as Heterogeneous Reactor in Continuous-Flow System. H.

M. Hulburt.............................................. ............................................................ 1063

Dairy Industry, Quality Control in. E. C. Thom pson......................... 208D D T Compatibility with Insecticides, Fungicides, and Fertilizers.

E. E. Fleck and H. L. H aller....................................................................... 403Degras. See Wool Fat.Dehydrated Eggs. See Eggs.Detergent Dishwashing Compounds. R. C. Hughes and Rubin

B e r n s t e in . . . . . ............................... ..................................................................... 170Detonators, Initiating Efficiency of. R. L. Grant and J. E. Tiffany 661Dextrose Hydrogenolysis for Polyhydric Alcohol Production. C. W.

Lenth and R. N. Du P u is .............................................................................. 152Dielectric Paper Capacitors Containing Chlorinated Imprégnants.

Stabilization by Anthraquinone. D. A. McLean and L. Egerton. . 73Dielectric Properties of Cellulose and Cellulose-Filled Phenolic Lam­

inating Materials. T. W. Dakin and R. W. Auxier.......................... 268Digester of Rotary Type for Wood Saccharification. R. H. Plow,

J. F. Saeman, H. D. Turner, and E. C. Sherrard................................. 36Dishwashing Detergent Compounds. R. C. Hughes and Rubin

Bernstein.......................................................................................................... 170D i s t i l l a t i o n

Azeotropic Dehydration of Pyridine and Its Homologs. LloydBerę, J. M. Harrison, and C. W. M ontgomery................................. 585

Equations, Complete System of. W. D . Harbert.......... ................. 1162M ulticomponent Fractionation, Two-Component Equilibrium

Curves for. F. J. Jenny and M. J. Cicalese...................................... 956Rectification in Ternary Systems Containing Binary Azeotropes.

R. H. Ewell and L. M. W elch................................................................. 1224of Steam, Nomograph of Batch Requirements for. Melvin Nord. 854

Distillery Waste. Carbonization of Molasses Stillage. G. T. Reich. 534Drugs. See Pharmaceuticals.Drying Oils. See Oils.Drying of Solids. Prediction of Critical Moisture Content. D. B.

Broughton............................................................................................................ 1184Du Pont Company, Review of Research Efforts of. E. K. B olton . . . 107

Editorials.................... 1, 103» 205, 307, 409, 511, 605, 699, 793, 911, 1029, 1147E ggs, D ehydrated

Storage Effect onRole of PhospholipideB and Aldehydes in Discoloration. B. G.

Edwards and H. J. D u tton ............................................... ................... 1121Source of Fluorescence. H. S. Olcott and H. J. D u tto n ............ 1119Spectrophotometric and Fluorometric Measurement of Changes

in Lipides. H. J. D utton and B. G. Edwards............................. 1123Vapor Pressure of Water Adsorbed on. Benjamin Makowqr . . . . . 1018

Elastomer Processability, Laboratory Testing of. L. M. White,E. S. Ebers, and G. E. Shriver..................................................................... 767

Electron Microscope. See Microscope.Emulsion Polymerization of Acrylic Esters. W. C. Mast, L. T.

Smith, and C. H. Fisher.................................................................................. 365E ngines

Alcohol Fuels, Iron Pentacarbonyl as Knock Suppressor in. Isa-dore Pitesky and Richard W iebe............................................................ 577

Fuel. Water Solubility in Alcohol-Hydrocarbon Mixtures. C. B.Kretschmer and Richard W iebe............................................................. 1130

Internal Combustion. Application of Thermodynamics of Pro­ducer Gas Combustion. A. P. Oleson and Richard W iebe......... 653

(See also Gasoline)Enthalpy Nomographs for Pure Hydrocarbons and Their Mixtures.

E. G. Scheibel and F. J. Jenny.................................................................... 990E quilibria

in Acetylmethylcarbinol-Water System. R. H. Blom and AaronEfron ........ I .................................................................................................... 1237

in 2,3-Butylene Glycol-W ater Mixtures. R. H. Blom, G. C. Mus-takas, Aaron Efron, and D. L. R e e d .................................................... 870

in Carbon Dioxide-Paraffin Systems. F. H. Poettmann and D. L.K atz.................................................................................................................*• 847

in Ethane-Carbon Dioxide System. H. H. Reamer, R. H. Olds,B. H. Sage, and W. N. Lacey...........................................................; • 6 8 8

in Methane-Ethylene-Isobutane System. Manson Benedict,Ernest Solomon, and L. C. R ubin.......................................................... 55

Methane in Paraffin Mixtures, Constants for. G. H. Hanson, M.J. Rzasa, and G. G. Brown....................................................................... 1216

for Natural Gas-Crude Oil Mixtures. C. H. R oland......................... 930Nomograph of Constants for Hydrocarbon Mixtures. E. G.

Scheibel and F. J. Jen n y .... ^ ................................................................. . 80in Paraffin Mixtures. G. H. Hanson and G. G. B ro w n .. <.............. 821in Ternary Mixtures Containing Nonconsolute Components. A. S. >

Smith................................................................................................................ 185 ,Two-Component Curves for Multicomponent Fractionation. F. J.

Jenny and M. J. Cicalese................................................ ............. ............. 956Estérification of Octyl Alcohol and Polybasic Acids. P. L. Gordon

and Ruth Aronowitz......................................................................................... 780Esters from Rosin. R. P. Carter.................................................................... 448Esters of Tall Oil as Plasticizers for Buna S (GR-S). W. I. Harber and

C. S. Yoran......................................................................................................... 953Ethane-Carbon Dioxide Volumetric Behavior. H. H. Reamer,

R. H. Olds, B. H. Sage, and W. N. L acey................................................. 6 8 8E thanol

from Fermentation with Microbial Amylase Preparations. L. C.Hao and J. A. Jump. (Correction, 790 )............................................. 521

-Hydrocarbon Mixtures, Solubility of Water in. C. B. Kretschmerand Richard Wiebe...................................................................................... 1130

Motor Fuels, Iron Pentacarbonyl as Knock Suppressor in. IsadorePitesky and Richard Wiebe...................................................................... 577

from Wheat, Evaluation of Malts for. C. B. Thorne, R. L. Emer­son, W. J. Olson, and W. H. Peterson.................................................... 1142

(See also Sugars from Wood)

Ether, Allyl, of Starch. P. L. Nichols, Jr., R. M. Hamilton, L. T.Smith, and E. Y anovsky................................................................................ 201

Ethyloellulose and Cellulose Acetate in Thermoplastic Laminates.C. W. Eurenius, R. H. Hecht, William Koch, and H. C. M alpass. . 959

E t h y l e n e

-Methane-Isobutane System, Liquid-Vapor Equilibrium in. Man­son Benedict, Ernest Solomon, and L. C. R ubin ................................. 55

-Nitrogen Compressibility-Factor and Activity-Coefficient CurveB, Empirical Correction for. R. A. Morgen and J. H. Childs.(Correction, 1046)......................................................................................... 667

Oxidation in Vapor Phase by Catalysis. E. T. McBee, H. B. Hass,and P. A. W iseman...................................................................................... 432

Ethylene Glycol, Thermal Conductivity of. O. K. Bates and GeorgeHazzard................................................................................................................ 193

Explosive Detonators, Initiating Efficiency of. R. L. Grant and J. E.Tiffany.................................................................................................................. 661

E x t r a c t i o n

of Butadiene with Solvents. A. S. Smith and T. B. Braun............. 1047of Cottonseed and Peanut Oils with Hexane. E. F. Pollard, H. L.

E. Vix, and E. A. Gastrock....................................................................... 1022Liquid-Liquid Systems Used in Butadiene Manufacture from

Butylene Glycol. D. F. Othmer, W. S. Bergen, Nathan Shlech- ter, and P. F. Bruins................................................................................... 890

Fats for Food, Flavors in. H. E. Robinson and H. C. B lack............. 217F atty Acids of Linseed Esterified with Sorbitol to Form Drying Oils.

J. D. Brandner, R. H. Hunter, M. D . Brewster, and R. E. Bonner. 809F atty Acids, Metal Corrosion by, in Hydrocarbon Solvents. C. F.

Prutton, D. R. Frey, D . Turnbull, and G. D louhy.............................. 90F ermentations

Amylase Preparations as Conversion Agents for Alcohol Production.L. C. Hao and J. A. Jump. (Correction, 79 0 ) ................................. 521

Itaconic Acid Production by. L. B. Lockwood and G. E. W ard .. 405(See also Sugars from Wood)

Ferrous Sulfate. See Iron Sulfate.F ertilizers

Ammonium Nitrate and Organic Material in Mixtures, Combus­tibility of. R. O. E. Davis and J. O. Hardesty................................. 59

Ammonium Nitrate, Properties of Granular and Monocrystalline Types of. W. H. Ross, J. Y. Yee, and S. B. Hendricks. (Correc­tion, 1198)...................................................................................................... 1079

D D T Compatabilit.y with. E. E. Fleck and H. L. Haller................. 403Mixed, Moisture Relations of. 'Influence of Nitrogenous Materials.

J. O. Hardesty, J. Y. Yee, and K. S. Love......................................... 567Nitrogen Consumption as. A. L. Mehring............................................ 289Price Factors in Plant-Food Consumption. B. T. Shaw, F. W.

Parker, and M. J. B. Ezekiel................................................................... 282Superphosphate Manufacture in Concentrated Form. G. L.

Bridger, R. B. Burt, and W. W. Cerf................................................... 829Tricalcium Phosphate Hydrate as “ Reference” Precipitate. W. H.

M aclntire, George Palmer, and H. L. Marshall................................ 164

of Casein for Artificial Bristles. T. L. McMeekin, T. S. Reid, R. C.Warner, and R. W. Jackson..................................................................... 685

from Casein, Tensile Strength of. R. F. Peterson, T. P. Caldwell,N. J. Hipp, R. Hellbach, and R. W. Jackson...................................... 492

Cellulose and Protein, Effect of Synthetic Resins on. D. H. Powers 188Rayon and Cellulosic Raw Materials, Chemical Characterization of.

<J. C. Conrad and A. G. Scroggie........................................................... 592from Zein by Wet Spinning. C. B. Croston, C. D. Evans, and

A. K. Sm ith.................................................................................................... 1194Fischer-Tropsch Catalytic Liquid-Fuel Processes. H. H. S to rch .. . . 340Flour from Soybean, Effect of Accelerated Oxidation on. L. J. Filer,

Jr., C. J. Martin, and B. F. Daubert........................................................ 1180Flow Coefficients for Valve Meters. A. E. Kroll and H. V. Fairbanks 588Flow, Continuous, Chemical Processes in. Heterogeneous Reactions.

H. M. Hulburt................................................................................................... 1063Fluid Catalytic Cracking, Pilot Plant Development of. L. E. Carl-

smith and F. B. Johnson................................................................ ............... 451Fluidized Fixed Bed Method for Catalytic Contacting of Solids with

Gases and Vapors. C. L. Thomas and James Hoekstra. (Correc­tion, 566 )............................................................................................................. 332

F oodCanned, Nutritive Value of. Influence of Storage on Vitamin

Content. N. B. Guerrant, M. G. Vavich, and R. A. D u tc h e r .. 1240Quality and Flavor, Symposium on

Dairy Industry. E. C. Thompson........................................................ 208Fats. H. E. Robinson and H. C. B lack............................................. 217Meat and Meat Products. O. G. Hankins........................................ 220Volatility in Food Flavor. E. C. Crocker......................................... 214

(See also individual food)Fractionation. See Distillation.Fumaric Acid from Oxidation of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons. W. L.

Faith ...................................................................................................................... 438Fungicides, D D T Compatibility with. E. E. Fleck and H. L. Haller 403Fungicides. Mercuric Salts in Microcrystalline Waxes. W. F.

Horner, F. R. Koppa, and H. W. Herbst................................... ............. 1069

Adsorption for Measuring Surface Area of Adsorbents. P. H.E m m ett.............. .............................................. ....................................... 639

Combustion with Deficiency of Air. F. E. Vandaveer and C. G.Segeler.................................................................... ................................... 816

Compressibility Factor and Activity Coefficient Curves, Empirical Correction for. R. A. Morgen and J. H. Childs. (Correction,1 0 4 6 ) ....................................................................................................................... 667

Natural Gas-Crude Oil Mixtures, Vapor-Liquid Equilibria for.C. H. R oland..........................................; ............................ • ■ .............; 930

Producer. Thermodynamics as Applied to Internal CombustionEngines. A. P. Oleson and Richard W iebe............................... 653

G a s o l i n e _ . _ , _ _ _ . ,Catalytic Cracking of Cuts from Coastal Crude. D. B. Ardern,

R. H. Newton, and G. L. B arcus.------------------ ----; . •_••• • 546Octane Number and Lead Susceptibility. Effect of Organic Chlo-

rine and Sulfur. Clark Holloway, Jr., and W. S. Bonnell...... 1089

Redwood Products as Inhibitors of Oxidation in. H . F. Lewis,M. A. Buchanan, E. F. Kurth, and D . Fronmuller......................... 1108

(See also Engines and Petroleum)G e l s

as Buna S Definitive Property. L. M. W hite, E. S. Ebers, G. E.Shriver, and S. B reck .................................................................................... 770

Silica, Adsorption Measurements for Water on. R. K. Taylor. . . . 649Silica and Alumina, as Catalysts in Petroleum Industry. P. B.

Elkin, C. G. Shull, and L. C. R oess....................................................... 327Globe Valve. See Valves.G l u e

Hygroscopicity When Softened with Sorbitol and Glycerol. W. C.Griffin.................................................. ............................................................... 1126

Peanut Protein Hydrates as. R. S. Burnett, E. D . Parker, andE. J. R oberts................................................................................................... 980

Physical Testing. Sorbitol and Glycerol in Printers Rollers. W.C. Griffin and E. G. A lm y......................................................................... 948

G l y c e r o l a s G l u e S o f t e n e r

Hygroscopicity. W. C. Griffin..................................................................... 1126-Physical Tests. W. C. Griffin and E. G. A lm y.................................... 948

Glycols, Thermal Conductivity of. O. K. Bates and George Haz-zard.......................................................................................................................... 193

Gold Recovery by Anion Exchange. Sidney Sussman, F. C. Nachod,and William W ood............................................................................................. 618

Grape Juice, d-lsoascorbic Acid as Antioxidant for. W. B. Esselen,Jr., J. J. Powers, and R. Woodward.......................................................... 295

GR-I. See Butyl Rubber.GR-S. See Buna S.

Headlines of M onth in R ev iew ..............................................................................................101, 203, 305, 407, 509, 603, 697, 791, 9§9, 1027, 1145, 1249

H eat T ransferBoiling in a Liquid, Factors Involved in. R. F. Larson.................... 1004Exchangers, Automatic Controllers Applied to. J. L. More, F. J.

Quail, and J. W. B ain .................................................................................. 912Metastable States of Liquid and Vapor. R. F. Larson.................... 1010

Hemlock, Western, Fibrous Holocellulose from. E. L. Lovell........... 1034n-Heptane Conversion to Toluene with Promoted Chromia-Alumina

Catalyst. R. C. Archibald and B. S. Greensfelder.............................. 356Heptanes and Heptenes from Propylene and Butylenes. V. N . Ipa­

tieff and R. E. Sehaad..................................................................................... 362Heptenes. See preceding item.Hexadecane Oxidation. H . B . Hass, E. T. McBee, and J. W.

Churchill................................................................................................................ 445Hexane in Extraction of Cottonseed and Peanut Oils. E. F. Pollard,

H. L. E . Vix, and E. A. Gastrock............................................................... 1022Hexane-Vegetable Oil Mixtures, Viscosity and Density of. F. C.

Magne and E. L. Skau..................................................................................... 10971-Hexene, Catalytic Isomerization of. R. G. Hay, C. W. Montgom­

ery, and James C oull...................................................................................... 335Holocellulose. See Cellulose.Hycar OR Swelling in Mineral Oils. P. O. Powers and B. R. Bill-

meyer...................................................................................................................... 64H ydrocarbons

Aromatic Conversion. Alkyl Group Transfer in Presence of Silica- Alumina Catalysts. R. C. Hansford, C. G. Myers, and A. N.Sachanen....................................................................... ; ................................. 671

Chlorinated, Oxidation to Maleic and Fumaric Acids. W. L.F a ith ................................................................................................................... 438

-Ethanol Mixtures, Solubility of Water in. C. B. Kretschmer andRichard W iebe................................................................................................ 1130

Hydrogen Sulfide from Sulfur and. R. F. Bacon and E. S. Bo e . . . . 469Mixtures, Nomograph of Equilibrium Constant D ata for. E. G.

Scheibel and F. J. Jen n y ............................................................................ 80Nonbenzenoid, as Impurities in Nitration Benzene. J. R. Ander­

son and C. J. Engelder................................................................................ 541Nonbenzenoid, as Impurities in Recycle Benzene. J. R. Anderson,

A. S. Jones, and C. J. Engelder............................................................... 1052Paraffin-Carbon Dioxide Binary Systems, Phase Behavior of.

F. H. Poettmann and D. L. Katz. ......................................................... 847Paraffin Volatile Mixtures, Vapor-Phase Equilibria in. G. H.

Hanson and G. G. Brown........................................................................... 821from Petroleum, Redwood Products as Inhibitors of Oxidation in.

H. F. Lewis, M. A. Buchanan, D . Fronmuller, and E. F. K urth.......................................................................................................................... 988, 1108

Phase Equilibria in Systems of. Ethane-Carbon Dioxide Volu­metric Behavior. H. H. Reamer, R. H. Olds, B. H. Sage, andW. N . Lacey.................................................................................................... 6 8 8

Pure, Catalytic Cracking ofAromatics, and Comparison of Classes. B. S. Greensfelder,

H. H. Voge, and G. M. Good............................................................. 1168Naphthenes. B. S. Greensfelder and H. H. Voge............................. 1038Olefins. B. S. Greensfelder and H. H. Voge..................................... 983Paraffins. B. S. Greensfelder and H. H. V oge................................. 514

Pure, and Their Mixtures, Enthalpy Nomographs for. E. G.Scheibel and F. J. Jenny............................................................................. 990

Reactions in Presence of Cracking Catalysts. Polymerization ofGaseous Olefins. C. L. T hom as............................................................. 543

Solvents, Lead Corrosion by Oxidizing Agents and Laurie Acid in.C. F. Prutton, D . Turnbull, and D . R. F rey ..................................... 917

Solvents, M etal Corrosion by Organic Acids in. C. F. Prutton,D. R. Frey, D. Turnbull, and G. D lou h y ............................................ 90

(See also Gasoline, Petroleum, and individual hydrocarbon)Hydrofluoric Acid Alkylation, Corrosion in. M. E. Holmberg and

F. A. Prange......................................................................................................... 1030Hydrofiuorio Acid, Alkylation of Isoparaffins by Olefins in Presence

of. C. B. Linn and A. V. Grosse................................................................ 924Hydrogen Chloride-Steel Reaction Rate. C. F. Prutton, D . Turn­

bull, and G. D lou h y .......................................................................................... 1092Hydrogen Fluoride. See Hydrofluoric Acid.Hydrogen Sulfide Production from Sulfur and Hydrocarbons. R. F.

Bacon and E . S. B o e ......................................................................................... 469Hydrogen Sulfide-Steel Reaction Rate. C. F. Prutton, D . Turnbull,

and G. D lou hy ..................................................................................................... 1092Hydrolysis of Wood. Utilization of Waste Liquors. Raphael

Katzen, R . S. Aries, and D . F. Othmer..................................................... 442(See also Sugars from Wood)

Imidazole Derivatives with Sym pathom im etic A ctivity. C. R.Scholz........................... ...........................................................................................

Impact Testing of Plastics. D. R . M orey.....................................................Inhibitors for Corrosion. See Corrosion. _ nInsecticides, D D T Compatibility with. E. E. Fleck and H. L. Haller Insulation, Electrical. See Dielectric.Internal Combustion. See Engines.I o n E x c h a n g e

Adsorption and, Symposium on .Base Exchange of Crystalline Silicates. S. B . H endricks............Carbon, Activated. J. W. Hassler and W. E. Mc Mi n n . . . . . . . .Gas Adsorption Methods for Measuring Surface Area of A d­

sorbents. P. H. E m m ett. . .............. ........................................ • ■ x-M etal Recovery by Anion Exchange. Sidney bussman, x . o .

Nachod, and William W ood........... . . . • • • • • • ' • ’ v; * ™ T ' ' *Water Adsorption Measurements on Silica Gel. K. l a y i o r . .

Apple Sirup by. R . E. Buck and H. H. M ottern.........Resins in Separation, Recovery, and Concentration of Thiamine.

D. S. Herr.........................................................................................................

Hydrogen Chloride and Sulfide Reaction R ates with. C. F. Prut­ton, D. Turnbull, and G. D lou hy...................................................... . • • • • • • • •

Recovery by Anion Exchange. Sidney Sussman, F . C. Nachod,and William W ood ............................................... ........................................

(See also Steel) .Iron Blues, Alkali Resistance of. Harris Holtzm an. . . . . . . . . . . . . .Iron Oxide Scale Prevention with Glassy Phosphate. G. B. Hatch

and Owen Rice. (Discussion, J. A. Holmes, 7 1 5 ) . .. . ............ .. . . . .Iron Pentacarbonyl as Knock Suppressor in Alcohol M otor Fuels.

Isadore Pitesky and Richard W ie b e .................................... .. . . . . . . . . .Iron Sulfate (FeSOO Solutions Oxidized w ith Oxygen. K. A. Kobe

and William D ick ey ................ . • • • • : ............................................................d-Isoascorbic Acid. See Ascorbic Acid.Isobutane. See Butane.Isobutylene. See Butylene.Isoparaffins. See Paraffins.Isopropanol. See Propanol. _Itacomc (Methylene Succinic) Acid Production by Fermentation.

L. B. Lockwood and G. E. W ard.................................................................

I

K

Kaolin Drying. Prediction of Critical Moisture Content. D. B.Broughton........................................................................................ ....................

Kerosene, Chlorinated. Preparation and Physical Properties. R . M.Dean and Eugene Lieber.................................................................................

Ketone. See Methyl Vinyl Ketone.Knock Suppressor for Alcohol Motor Fuels, Iron Pentacarbonyl as.

Isadore Pitesky and Richard W iebe............................................................

Lacquers of Nitrocellulose Type. Nonvolatile C ontent of. WilliamKoch, H. C. Phillips, and Rufus W in t.......................................................

Lactic Acid .Derivatives. M ethyl Acrylate b y Pyrolysis of M ethylAcetoxypropionate. W. P. Ratchford and C. H. F isher.....................

Lactic Acid Polymers for M ethyl Lactate Preparation. E. M.Filachione, J. H. Lengel, and C. H . F isher..............................................

LaminatesCellulose Compounds in. C. W. Eurenius, R. H. Hecht, William

Koch, and H. C. M alpass...........................................................................Effect of Temperature on Strength of. Patrick Norelli and W. H.

Gard....................................................................................................................with Paper Base. T. A. Howells and H. F. Lew is....................... ..

Laminating Materials Containing Cellulose, Dielectric Properties of.T. W. Dakin and R. W. Auxier....................................................................

Latex of Buna S, D ensity of. C. C. W inding...........................................Laurie Acid, Lead Corrosion by, in Hydrocarbon Solvents. C. F.

Prutton, D. Turnbull, and D . R . F r ey .....................................................Lead Corrosion by Organic Acids in Hydrocarbon Solvents. C. F.

Prutton, D . R. Frey, D. Turnbull, and G. D lou h y ..............................Lead Corrosion by Oxidizing Agents and Laurie Acid in Hydrocarbon

Solvents. C. F. Prutton, D . Turnbull, and D. R . F rey ....................Lead Oxide (R ed)-Alkyd Resin Reactions. A. J. Eickhoff, L. M.

Kebrich, and J. G. W ills..................................................................................L ignin

as By-Product of Wood Saccharification. R. L. H asche..................Derivative from Sulfite-W aste Liquor (Calcium Lignosulfonate)

for Cement Dispersion. F. M. Ernsberger and W. G. France. . . Ether and Ester Preparation. F. E. Brauns, H. F. Lewis, and E. B.

Brookbank........................................................................................................Extraction from Hydrolysed Lignocellulose. Raphael Katzen, F. G.

Sawyer, and D. F. Othmer...................................................... •.................Plastic (Butasin) Synthesized from. A. J. Bailey and O. W. Ward

Lima Beans, Canned, Influence of Storage on Vitamin Content. N. B.Guerrant, M. G. Vavich, and R. A. D utcher.........................................

Lime as Corrosion Inhibitor for Nickel-Clad Steel. H. R. C op son .. . Lime and Limestone in Pickling Liquor Treatment. R. D . Hoak,

C. J. Lewis, and W. W. H odge.....................................................................Limestone. See preceding item.Lining for Tanks, of Polyisobutylene. D . W. Young and W. C.

H arney...................................................................................................................Linseed F atty Acids, Drying Oils from Sorbitol and. J. D. Brand-

ner, R. H. Hunter, M. D . Brewster, and R. E . B onner.......................L iquids

Boiling, Factors Involved in. R. F. Larson...........................................Extraction D ata for Liquid-Liquid Systems Used in Butadiene

Manufacture from Butylene Glycol. D . F. Othmer, W. S.Bergen, Nathan Shlechter, and P. F. Bruins......................................

Metastable States of Vapor and. R. F. Larson....................................Viscosity-Vapor Pressure Correlation for. D . F. Othmer and J. W.

Con well..............................................................................................................Lubricating Oil Oxidation. Mechanism of Sulfur Inhibition. G. H.

Denison, Jr., and P. C. C ondit.......................................................................(See also Petroleum)

Lyogel Microscopic Studies. Ultra-illumination by Incident Light.E. A. Hauser and D. S. le B eau................. .. ............................................

120255

403

625645

639

618649635

631

1092

618

855

710

577

429

405

1184

181

577

82

382

388

959

580264

2681203

917

90

917

399

52

598

70

12181199

1240721

553

675

809

1004

8901010

1112

1102

786

M

Magnesium Wartime Production. H. A. Klagsbrunn............................ 608Malaria Drug, Quinacrine Hydrochloride. Improvements in Manu­

facturing Processes. R. G. Jones, G. L. Shaw, and J. H. W a ld o .. 1044Maleic Acid from Oxidation of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons. W. L.

F aith ....................................................................................................................... 438M alt Evaluation for Alcohol Production from W heat. C. B. Thorne,

R. L. Emerson, W. J. Olson, and W. H. Peterson............................... 1142Manganese Salts as Corrosion Inhibitors. R . S. Thornhill. (Dis­

cussion, W. H. J. Vernon and F. Wormwell, 70 9 ) .................................. 706M eat, Quality Factors in. O. G. H ankins............................................... 220

(o«e also Bacon)Medal Award, Perkin, to E . K. B olton......................................................... 106Mercurial Fungicide W ax Problems. W. F. Horner, F. R. Koppa,

and H . W. Herbst.............................................................................................. 1069M etal Corrosion. See Corrosion.M etal Recovery by Anion Exchange. Sidney Sussman, F. C. Na-

chod, and William W ood................................................................................ 618M ethane

-Ethylene-Isobutane System, Liquid-Vapor Equilibrium in. Man-8°n Benedict, Ernest Solomon, and L. C. R ubin.............................. 65

"Paraffin Mixtures, Equilibrium Constants for. G. H. Hanson,M. J. Rzasa^ and G. G. Brown................................................................ 1216

Thermodynamic Properties at Low Temperature. W. H. Corcoran,R -B ow les , B . H. Sage, and W. N. Lacey...................................... 825

M ethanol-Water Boiling Solutions, Vapor Composition from. D . F.Othmer and R. F. Benenati........................................................................... 299

M ethyl Acetoxypropionate. See following item.M ethyl Acrylate by Pyrolysis of M ethyl Acetoxypropionate. W. P.

Ratchford and C. H. F isher............................................... .......................... 382Methylene Succinic Acid. See Itaconic Acid.M ethyl E th y l Ketone-W ater Boiling Solutions, Vapor Composition

from. D . F. Othmer and R. F. Benenati............................................... 299M ethyl Lactate Preparation by Continuous Alcoholysis of Lactic

Acid Polymers. E. M. Filachione, J. H. Lengel, and C. H. Fisher. 388 a-M ethylstyrene Polymerization. A. B. Hersberger, J. C. Reid, and

R. G. Heiligm ann.............................................................................................. 1073Methylvinylcarbinol. See following item.M ethyl Vinyl Ketone Production from Methylvinylcarbinol. J. J.

Kolfenbach, E. F. Tuller, L. A. Underkofler, and E. I. F u lm er .. . . 1178Microscope, Electron, Asphaltic Bitumen Examined with. D. L.

Katz and K. E. B eu ......................................................................................... 195Microscopic Lyogel Studies with Ultra-illumination by Incident

Light. E. A. Hauser and D. S. le B eau .................................................. 786Milk Quality Control in Dairy Industry. E. C. Thom pson........... .... 208Milkweed Seed Oil for Protective Coatings. H. J. Lanson, David

Habib, and P. E. Spoerri................................................................................ 179Mineral Oil. See Petroleum.Mixing. See Agitation.Molasses Stillage, Carbonization of. G. T. R eich .................................. 534Molasses, Unfermentable Reducing Substances in. Anhydrides and

Amino Acid Condensation Products of Reducing Sugars. LouisSattler and F. W. Zerban............................................................................... 1133

Molecular Refraction-Viscosity Constant Nomograph. R. T. Lage-mann....................................................................................................................... 600

Molybdenum Recovery b y Anion Exchange. Sidney Sussman, F. C.Nachod, and William W ood.......................................................................... 618

Motor. See Engine.

N

Naphthenes, Butadiene from Pyrolysis of. Lloyd Berg, G. L. Sumner,Jr., C. W. Montgomery, and James C oull............................................... 352

Naphthenes, Pure, Catalytic Cracking of. B. S. Greensfelder andH. H. Voge........................................................................................................... 1038

Natural Gas. See Gases.Neoprene Swelling in Mineral Oils. P. O. Powers and B. R. Bill-

meyer...................................................................................................................... 64Nickel, Corrosion of Steel When Coupled with. H. R. Copson............. 721Nitric Acid, Liquid, Vapor Pressure of. E . P. Egan, Jr.................... 303Nitrocellulose Lacquer Compositions, Nonvolatile Content of. Wil­

liam Koch, H. C. Phillips, and Ruius W in t.................... .................. 82Nitrogen-Ethylene Compressibility-Factor and Activity-Coefficient

Curves, Empirical Correction for. R . A. Morgen and J. H. Childs.(Correction, 1046).............................................................................................. 667

Nitrogen Fertilizer Consumption. A. L. M ehring........................... .. 289Nitroparaffin D erivatives as Antiskinning Agents in Tung Oil Varnish.

H. G. Johnson..................................................................................................... 1176Nomographs...............................................................................80, 600, 854, 990, 1 2 2 2

Octane Number of Gasoline. Effect of Organic Chlorine and Sulfur.Clark Holloway, Jr., and W. S. B onnell.................................................... 1089

Octyl Alcohol Estérification with Polybasic Acids. P. L. Gordonand Ruth Aronowitz......................................................................................... 780

O i l s

Castor, Acetylated. Preparation and Thermal Decomposition.Oliver Grummitt and Harold F lem ing................................................... 485

Cottonseed and Peanut, Solvent Extraction of. E. F. Pollard,H. L. E. Vix, and E . A. Gastrock............................................................. 1022

Drying, Polypentaerythritols as. Harry Burrell.................................. 8 6Drying, from Sorbitol and Linseed Fatty Acids. J. D. Brandner,

R. H. Hunter, M. D . Brewster, and R. E. Bonner........... .............. 809for Food, Flavors in. H. E . Robinson and H. C. B lack ...................... 217from Milkweed Seed for Protective Coatings. H. J. Lanson,

David Habib, and P. E. Spoerri.............................................................. 179Tung, in Varnish, Antiskinning Agents for. H. G. Johnson.............. 1176Vegetable, Mixed with Solvent, Viscosity and D ensity of. F. C.

Magne and E. L. Skau................................................................................ 1097(See also Lubricating Oil and Petroleum)

O l e f i n s

°* Isoparaffins by, in Presence of Hydrogen Fluoride.C. B. Linn and A. V. Grosse..................................................................... 924

Catalytic Isomerization of 1-Hexene. R. G. Hay, C. W. Montgom­ery, and James Coull......................... 335

Gaseous, Polymerization in Presence of Cracking Catalysts'. * C.' L.Thom as...................................................................... _ 5 4 3

Heptenes and Heptanes from Propylene and Butylenes. V. N.Ipatieff and R. E. Schaad................................................. ..

Pure, Catalytic Cracking of. B. S. Greensfelder and H. H. Voge. (See also individual olefin)

Orange Juice, Canned, Quality of. J. M. Boyd and G. T. Peterson. Organic Compounds, Molecular R efraction-Viscosity Constant

Nomograph for. R. T. Lagemann.............................. : ¿4 • ¿a- v *; *Oven of Slot Type for Coke Production. F. H. Reed, H . W. Jack­

man, and P. W. H enline.................................................................................O x i d a t i o n .

of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons to Maleic and Fumaric Acids. W . L.F a ith .........................................................................................................

of Ethylene in Vapor Phase by Catalysis. E. T. McBee, H. B.Hass, and P. A. Wiseman......................................................................

of Ferrous Sulfate Solutions with Oxygen. K. A. Kobe and Wil­liam D ick ey ..................................... .....................................................

of Hexadecane. H. B. Hass, E. T. McBee, and J. W. C hurchill.. Oxygen, Ferrous Sulfate Solutions Oxidized with. K. A. Kobe and

William D ick ey ..................................................................................................

PaintDrying Oils, Polypentaerythritols as. Harry Burrell.........................Fouling-Resistant, Accelerated Corrosion of Steel under. G. H.

Young, G. W. Seagren, and J. C. Zehner...........................................Fouling-Resistant, Leaching Rate Determination for. B. H.

Ketchum, J. D . Ferry, A. C. Redfield, and A. E. Burns, Jr..........Lead Oxide (Red)-Alkyd Resin Reactions. A. J. Eickhoff, L. M.

Kebrich, and J. G. Wills.......................................................................Milkweed Seed Oil for Potential Use in. H. J. Lanson, David

Habib, and P. E. Spoerri...........................................................................(See also Lacquer and Varnish)

Palladium Recovery by Anion Exchange. Sidney Sussman, F. C.Nachod, and William W ood.........................................................................

P aperas Insulation. Capacitors Containing Chlorinated Impregnants.

D . A. McLean and L. Egerton...............................................................Laminates with Base of. T. A. Howells and H. F. Lewis...............in Phenolic Laminating Materials, Dielectric Properties of. T. W.

Dakin and R. W. Auxier...........................................................................P araffins

-Carbon Dioxide Systems, Phase Behavior of. F. H. Poettmannand D . L. K atz .............................................................................................

Heptanes and Heptenes from Propylene and Butylenes. V. N.Ipatieff and R. E. Schaad.........................................................................

Iso-, Alkylation of. Application of Carbonium-Ion Theory. F. G.Ciapetta..........................................................................................................

Iso-, Alkylation by Olefins in Presence of Hydrogen Fluoride. C. B.Linn and A. V. Grosse................................................................................

Iso-, Production by Cracking Petroleum Fractions in Presence ofAluminum Chloride. V. I. Komarewsky and Lee Warson...........

-Methane Mixtures, Equilibrium Constants for. G. H. Hanson,M. J. Rzasa, and G. G. Brown........ .......................................................

Nitro-, as Antiskinning Agents for Varnish. H. G. Johnson...........Pure, Catalytic Cracking of. B. S. Greensfelder and H. H. V o g e .. Volatile, Vapor-Liquid Equilibria in Mixtures of. G. H. Hanson

and G. G. Brown..........................................................................................(See also individual paraffin)

Paraffin Wax. See Wax. .Peanut Oil Extraction witn Hexane. E. F. Pollard, H. L. E. Vix,

and E. A. Gastrock..........................................................................................Peanut Oil-Solvent Mixtures, Viscosity and Density of. F. C. Magne

and E. L. S k a u ...................................................................................... ...........P eanut P rotein

Color Improvement. T. D. Fontaine, S. B. Detwiler, Jr., andG. W. Irving, Jr............................................................................................

Hydrate Preparation and Properties. R. S. Burnett.........................Hydrate Utilization as Adhesive. R. S. Burnett, E. D. Parker,

and E. J. R oberts.........................................................................................Solutions, Viscosity Patterns of. R. S. Burnett, E. J. Roberts, and

E. D . Parker...................................................................................................Pentaerythritol Ether Polymers as Drying Oils. Harry B urrell.. . . Pentane-Carbon Dioxide Systems, Phase Behavior of. F. H. Poett­

mann and D. L. K atz .................................................................................Perbunan Swelling in Mineral Oils. P. O. Powers and B. R. Bill-

m eyer................................................................................. .. • : ...........................Perbunan Swelling in Petroleum Products, Prediction of. R. M.

Howlett. (Correction, 566 ).........................................................................Perkin Medal Award Address. Du Pont Research. E. K. Bolton. . . Peroxides, Lead Corrosion by, in Hydrocarbon Solvents. C. F.

Prutton, D . Turnbull, and D . R. Frey ......................................................P etroleum

Alkylation of Isoparaffins by Olefins in Presence of HydrogenFluoride. C. B. Linn and A. V. Grosse.................... ..........................

Asphaltic Products from Extracts of. P . V. McKinney, M. G.Mayberry, and H. E . Westlake, Jr.......................................................

Catalysis, Symposium onCarbon Formation in Cracking. Alexis Voorhies, Jr......................Cracking of Cuts from Coastal Crude. D. B. Ardern, R. H.

Newton, and G. L. Barcus..................................................Fluidized Fixed Bed. C. L. Thomas and James Hoekstra.

(Correction, 566).................................................. .............................. • ■Hydrocarbon Reactions in Presence of Cracking Catalysts. C.

L. Thom as...................................................................................................Isomerization of 1-Hexene. R. G. Hay, C. W. Montgomery,

and James Coull.................... ..................................................................Isoparaffin Alkylation, Carbonium-Ion Theory of. F. G. Ciapetta Isoparaffin Production. V. I. Komarewsky and Lee W arson .. . Silica-Alumina Gels. P. B. Elkin, C. G. Shull, and L. C. Roess. Surface Area of Catalysts. H. E. Ries, Jr., R . A. Van Nord-

strand, and J. W. T eter ..........................................................................Synthetic Liquid-Fuel Processes. H. H. Storch.............................

Catalyst of Chromia-Alumina for Converting 71-Heptane to Toluene.R . C. Archibald and B. S. Greensfelder..................................• • • • • •

Chlorinated Kerosene Fraction of. R. M. Dean and Eugene Lieber Coke of Compact Nonporous Type from. A. G. V. Berry and R.

Edge worth-Johnstone..................................................... ..Crude Oil-N atural Gas Mixtures, Vapor-Liquid Equilibria for.

C. H. R oland....................................................................... .. • • ...................Distillation Equations, Complete System of. W. D . Harbert.........Fluid C atalytic Cracking, Pilot Plant for. L. E. Carlsmith and

F. B . Johnson.................................................................................................

362983

370

600

560

438

432

429445

429

86

461

456

399

179

618

73264

268

847

362

1210

924

323

12161176514

821

1022

1097

1232861

980

27686

847

64

223106

917

924

177

318

546

332

543

3351210323327

311340

356181

551

9301162

451

Hydrocarbons, Enthalpy Nomographs for. E. G. Scheibel and F . J.Jen n y ................................................................................................................... 990

Hydrocarbons, Redwood Products as Inhibitors of Oxidation in.H . F. Lewis, M. A. Buchanan, D . Fronmuller, an dE . F. Kurth

Cyclohexene and Gasoline................................. .................................... 1108Mineral Oils................................................................................................. 988

Lubricating Oil Oxidation. Mechanism of Sulfur Inhibition. G.H. Denison, Jr., and P. C. C ondit..............................................1102

Mineral Oils, Synthetic Rubber Swelling in. P. O. Powers and B.R. B illm eyer.................................................................................................... 64

Naphthene Pyrolysis for Butadiene. Lloyd Berg, G. L. Sumner,Jr., C. W. Montgomery, and James C oull........................................... 352

Perbunan Swelling in Products from. R. M. Howlett. (Correction606)................. .................................................................................................. 223

Thermal Cracking. Effect of Time, Temperature, Pressure, and Type of Charging Stock on Products. H. C. Sung, G. G. Brown,and R. R . W hite............................................................................................ 1153

(See also D istillation, Gasoline, and Hydrocarbons)Pharmaceuticals. Quinacrine Hydrochloride, Improvements in

M anufacture of. R. G. Jones, G. L. Shaw, and J. H. W ald o .. . . 1044(.See also Amines, Sympathomimetic)

0-Phenethylam ine Derivatives as Sympathomimetic Agents. W. H.H artung.................................................................................................. .......... ... 126

Phenolic Laminates, Effect of Temperature on Strength of. PatrickNorelli and W. H. Gard....................................................................... . ••••. • 580

P henyl Propyl and Phenyl Isopropyl Amines as SympathomimeticAgents. B . E. Graham, G. F. Cartland, and E. H. Woodruff. . . . . 149

Phosphate, Molecularly Dehydrated, Useful Life in Sulfuric Acid.R. W. Atteberry and D. S. Herr................................................................. 100

Phosphates, Super-, Manufacture in Concentrated Form. Effect of M ixing and Curing on Conversion. G. L. Bridger, R. B. Burt, and

.W. W. Cerf......................................................................... ..................... ........ 829Pickling Liquor Treated with Limestone and Lime. R. D. Hoak,

C . J. Lewis, and W. W. H odge.................................................................... 553Pigm ents. Iron Blues, Alkali Resistance of. Harris Holtzm an. . . . 855Pigm ents. Titanyl Sulfate Solutions, Hydrolysis of. A. W. Hixson

and R. E. C. Fredrickson............................................................................... 678Pilot Plants for Fluid C atalytic Cracking. L. E. Carlsmith and F. B.

Johnson............................................................................................................. 451(See also U nit Processes)

Pine, Slash, Fibrous Holocellulose from. E. L. Lovell......................... 1034Plasticizers from Sebacic Acid. K . K. Fligor and J. K. Sum ner.. . . 504P lastics

Cellulose Derivatives in Thermoplastic Laminates. C. W. Euren­ius, R . H. Hecht, William Koch, and H. C. M alpass......................... 959

Cellulose-Filled Phenolic Laminating Materials, Dielectric Prop­erties of. T. W. Dakin and R. W. Auxier......................................... 268

Impact Testing of. D . R. M orey............................................................... 255from Lignin (Butasin). A. J. Bailey and O. W. W ard...................... 1199(See also Cellulose and Resins)

Platinum Recovery by Anion Exchange. Sidney Sussman, F. C.Nachod, and William W ood .......................................................................... 618

Polypentaerythritol Drying Oils. Harry Burrell...................................... 8 6Polythene, Physical and Chemical Properties of. F . C. Hahn, M. L.

M acht, and D. A. F letcher........................................................................... 526Pork. See Bacon.Potassium Nitrate in Isopropanol Solution, Solubility and Density

Isotherms for. A. R. Thompson and M. C. M olstad......................... 1244P ressure

Agitator of High-Speed Type for Vessels under Pressure. M. W.K iebler............................................................................................................... 538

Compressibility Factor Curves, Empirical Correction for. R. A.Morgen and J. H. Childs. (Correction, 1046)................................... 667

Minimum Work in Multistage Compression. H. G. Elrod, Jr......... 789Producer Gas. See Gas.Propane-Carbon Dioxide Systems, Phase Behavior of. F . H. Poett-

mann and D . L. K a tz ......................................................................... ............. 847Propanol, Iso-, Solutions of Potassium and Ammonium Nitrates.

Solubility and D ensity Isotherms. A. R. Thompson and M. C.M olstad.................................................................................................................. 1244

n-Propanol, Thermal Conductivity of. O. K. Bates and George Haz-sard.......................................................................................................................... 193

Propene-l,2,3-tricarboxylic Acid. See Aconitic Acid.Propylene and Butylenes, Heptenes and Heptanes from. V. N . Ipa­

tieff and R. E. Schaad...................................................................................... 362Propylene Glycol, Thermal Conductivity of. O. K. Bates and George

Hazzard.................................................................................................................. 193P rotein

Fibers, Effect of Synthetic Resins on. D . H. P o w er s ........................ 188Peanut and Cottonseed, Improvement in Color of. T. D. Fon­

taine, S. B . Detwiler, Jr., and G. W. Irving, Jr.................................. 1232(See also Casein, Peanut, and Zein)

Pyridine, Aseotropic Dehydration of, and Homologs of. Lloyd Berg,J. M . Harrison, and C. W. M ontgom ery................................................ 586

Quinacrine Hydrochloride, Improvements in Manufacture of. R. G. Jones, G. L. Shaw, and J. H. W aldo......................................................... 1 0 4 4

R ayon Fibers, Effect of Synthetic Resins on. D. H. Pow ers................ 188Rayon Yarns, Chemical Characterization of. C. C. Conrad and A. G.

Scroggie................................................................................ ................................. 592Redwood Tannin Preparations as Inhibitors of Oxidation in Petro­

leum Hydrocarbons. H. F. Lewis, M. A. Buchanan, D . Fron­muller, and E. F. Kurth

Cyclohexene and Gasoline.......................................................................... 1108Mineral Oils...................................................................................................... 988

R e s i n sAcrylic Ester Emulsions. W. C. Mast, L. T.* Smith, and C. H.

F isher.................................................................. : ...................................... §- • • 365Alkyd, Reactions with Red Lead. A. J. Eickhoff, L. M. Kebrich,

and J. G. W ills......................................................... .................................. 3 9 9Ion-Exchanging Synthetic, in Thiamine Separation, Recovery, and

Concentration. D. S. Herr....................................................................... 631from Lignin (Butasin). A. J. Bailey and O. W. W ard....................... 1199Polythene Properties. F. C. Hahn, M. L. Macht, and D . A. Fletcher 526 Synthetic, Cellulose and Protein Fiber Impregnation with. D . H.

Pow ers................................................................................................................. 188(See also Plastics)

Riboflavin Separation from Thiamine with Ion Exchange Resins.D. S. H err......................................................................................... ................ 631

Rosin Ester D evelopm ent. R. P. Carter ! ! . ..........................................................! . . . . 448R u b b e r , N a t u r a l

Castilla. E. M. Blair and T. F. Ford ............ 7 6 0Cryptostegia Leaves as Source of. S. R. Hoover, T. j . D ietz,

Joseph Naghski, and J. W. White, Jr........ ..................Microscopic Studies with Ultra-illumination b y incident Light.

E . A. Hauser and D . S. le B eau ........................ .............................. 7 8R u b b e r , S y n t h e t i c

Microscopic Studies with Ultra-illumination bv Incident Light.E. A. Hauser and D . S. le B eau ...............................................................

Processability, Laboratory Testing of. L. M. White, E. S. Ebers,and G. E. Shriver...........................................................................................

Sebacic Acid Plasticizers for. K. K. Fligor and J. K. Sumner........... ° .Swelling in Mineral Oils. P. O. Powers and B. R. B i l lm e y e r .............(See also Buna S and Perbunan)

Scale. See Corrosion Inhibitors.Scholler Process. See Sugars from Wood. vSebacic Acid, Resinous Plasticizers from. K. K. Fligor and J.

Sum ner....................................................................................................................Sewage. See Waste.Silica-Alumina Catalysts in Conversion of Aromatics. R.

ford, C. G. Myers, and A. N. Sachanen....................................... • • • ■ • • 071Silica-Alumina Gels as Catalysts in Petroleum Industry. Specinc

Surface and Particle Size Distribution. P. B. Elkin, C. Cx. bnuii,and L. C. R oess................................................................... •............................... £"7

Silica Gel, Adsorption Measurements for Water on. R. K. T a y lo r .. . o49Silicates, Crystalline, Base Exchange of. S. B. Hendricks. • • • • • • • • • 025Sirup from Apple by Ion-Exchange Process. R. E. Buck and t i . ±i.

Mottern .............................. ............................................... .................................. booSoap, Commercial, Yield Value of. R. D. Void and L. L. L y o n . . . . . . 497Soap Microscopic Studies with Ultra-illumination by Incident Light.

E. A. Hauser and D . S. le B eau ...................................... .. . . . . • ■ ............ 786Sodium Acetate-Sodium Hydroxide-W ater System . R. A. Morgen

and R. D . Walker, Jr......................................................................................... 1186Sodium Hydroxide. See preceding item.Sodium Nitrite as Corrosion Inhibitor for Water. A. W achter----- -- 74»Sodium Oxide-Alumina-Carbon Dioxide-W ater System», Viscosity

of. J. M. HaU and S. J. Green................................................................... 977Sodium P hosphate (Calgon)

in Corrosion Control and Scale Prevention. G. B. H atch andOwen Rice. (Discussion, J. A. Holmes, 7 1 5 ) . . . . . ....................... 710

in Corrosion Control on Steel. G. B. H atch and Owen R ice ............ 752Useful Life in Sulfuric Acid. R. W. Atteberry and D . S. H err------ 100

Sodium Silicates as Corrosion Inhibitors in Small Water Systems.William Stericker. (Discussion, H. L. Shuldener, 7 2 0 ) ...................... 716

Softwood. See Wood. . . .Solids, Drying of. Prediction of Critical M oisture Content. D . B.

Broughton.................................................................................. • • • • •••, ■ ■*% 1184Solutions. Vapor Compositions and Related Properties Correlated

(Correction). D . F. Othmer.......................................................................... 952Sorbitol

Drying Oils from Linseed Fatty Acids and. J. D . Brandner, R. H.Hunter, M. D . Brewster, and R. E . B on ner ......................................... 809

as Glue Softener, Hygroscopicity of. W. C. Griffin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1126as Glue Softener, Physical Tests on. W. C. Griffin and E. G. Almy 948

Soybean Flour Stability. Effect of Accelerated Oxidation. L. J.Filer, Jr., C. J. Martin, and B. F. D aubert.................. .............................. 1180

Soybean Oil-Solvenf Mixtures, Viscosity and D ensity of. F. C.Magne and E. L. Skau................................................. .. 1097

Starch Allyl Ether. P. L. Nichols, Jr., R. M. Ham ilton, L. T. Smith,and E. Y anovsky........................................... ...................................................... 201

Starch, 2,3-Butanediol by Acid Hydrolysis of. G. E . Ward, O. G.Pettijohn, and R. D . Coghill........................................................................... 1189

Steam Distillation, Nomograph of Batch Requirements for. M elvinN ord......................................................................................................................... 854

SteelCorrosion under Antifouling Paint. G. H . Young, G. W . Seagren,

and J. C. Zehner............................................................................................. 461Corrosion Control with Glassy Phosphates. G. B. H atch and

Owen R ice.......................................................................................................... 752Corrosion When Coupled to Nickel. Chromate and Lime as

Inhibitors. H . R. Copson.......................................................................... 721Hydrogen Chloride and Sulfide Reaction R ates with. C. F. Prutton,

D. Turnbull, and G. D louhy...................................................................... 1092Pickling Liquor Treated with Limestone and Lime. R. D . H®ak,

C. J. Lewis, and W. W. H odge.................................................................. 553Stillage. See Distillery.Storage Batteries. See Batteries.Styrene, Bauxite as Dehydrogenation Catalyst for Production of.

W. H. Wood and R. G. C apell....................................................................... 1148Styrene, a-M ethvl-, Polymerisation of. A. B. Hersberger, J. C. Reid,

and R. G. Heiligmann....................................................................................... 1073Sucrose Crystallization Kinetics. Andrew Van H o o k . ............................ 782Sucrose Hydrogenolysis for Polyhydric Alcohol Production. C. W.

Lenth and R. N . D u P u is ................................................................................ 152Sugars

Anhydride and Amino Acid Condensation Products of ReducingSugars. Louis Sattler and F. W. Zerban............................................. 1133

Hydrogenolysis for Polyhydrio Alcohol Production. C. W . Lenthand R. N. Du P u is ......................................................................................... 1 5 2

Sucrose Crystallization Kinetics. Andrew Van H ook ....................... .. 782from Wood, Symposium on

By-Products. R. L. H asche...................................................................... 5 2Fermentation to Ethanol. R. H. Leonard and G. j. H ajny. . . . 390Fodder Y east from Wood Sugar. W. H. Peterson, J. F. Snell,

and W. C. Frazier.................................................................................... 3 0Hydrolysis of Wood with Sulfuric Acid in Stationary Digester.

E. E. Harris, Edward Beglinger, G. J. Hajny, and E. C.Sherrard................ ......................................................................................... 12

Kinetics. Hydrolysis of Cellulose and Decom position of Sugars in Dilute Acid at High Temperature. J. F. Saeman 43

Review of Processes Prior to World War II. E. C. Sherrardand F. W. Kressman................................. 5

Rotary Digester. R. H. Plow, J. F. Saeman,’H .D . Turner, andE. C. Sherrard.......... .................................................................................. 3 Q

Saccharification of Agricultural Residues. J. W. Dunning andE. C. Lathrop.............................................................................................. 24

Scholler Process in U. S. W. L. F a ith ........................ .. 9

Sulfur, Hydrogen Sulfide from Hydrocarbons and. R. F. Bacon and„ E. S. B o e ................................................................................................ 469&ulfur, Lubricating Oil Oxidation Inhibited by. G. H. Denison, Jr.,o P. c . C ondit................................................................................................ 1102S ^ F u n ic A cid

as Catalyst in Esterification of Butanol and Acetic Acid. C. E.__ Leyes and D . F. Othm er...................................................... ...................... 968Useful Life of Molecularly Dehydrated Phosphate in. R. W.

Atteberry and D. S. Herr........................................................................... 100for Wood Hydrolysis in Stationary Digester. E. E. Harris, Edward

a Beglinger, G. J. Hajny, and E. C. Sherrard........................................ 12superphosphate. See Phosphates.surface Area of Adsorbents Measured b y Gas Adsorption Methods.

P. H. E m m ett............................................. ........................................................ 639Surface Area of Catalysts, Effect of Sintering on. H. E. Ries, Jr., R.

A. Van Nordstrand, and J. W. T eter......................................................... 311sym pathom im etic Agents. See Amines. symposia

Adsorption and Ion E xchange.......................................618, 625, 639, 645, 649Catalysis in Petroleum Industry . . ................310, 543, 546, 1210Cellulose and Cellulose P lastics.................................................................... 226Corrosion Inhibitors.................... ................................ 702Food Quality and Flavor............ ........................... 208Sugars from W ood................................ .......................................4, 390Sympathomimetio A gents.................... ....................................... 116Unit Processes....................................... .......................412, 900, 905

Tall Oil Esters as Plasticizers for Buna S (GR-S). W. I. Harber andC. S. Yoran......................................................................................................... 953

Tank Lining of Polyisobutylene. D. W. Young and W. C. H a r n ey .. 675Tannin as By-Product of Wood Saccharification. R. L. Hasche. . . . 52Tannins from Redwood as Inhibitor of Oxidation in Petroleum Hydro­

carbons. H. F. Lewis, M. A. Buchanan, D. Fronmuller, and E. F.Kurth..................................................................................................................988, 1108

T ernary SystemsAnalysis When Containing Nonconsolute Components. A. S.

Sm ith ................................................................................................................ 185Aniline-Toluene-Water, Solubility D ata for. J. C. Smith and R. E.

D rexel............................................................................................................... 601Rectification in, Containing Binary Azeotropes. R. H. Ewell and

L. M . W elch................................................................................................... 1224Sodium Acetate-Sodium Hydroxide-W ater. R. A. Morgen and

R. D. Walker, Jr.......................................................................................... 1186Textiles, Casein Fiber for. R. F. Peterson, T. P. Caldwell, N. J. Hipp,

R. Helllpach, and R. W. Jackson.................................................................. 492Thermodynamics of Producer Gas Combustion. A. P. Oleson and

Richard W iebe..................................................................................................... 653Thiamine Separation, Recovery, and Concentration with Ion Ex­

change Resins. D. S. Herr............................................................................ 631Thiokol Swelling in Mineral Oils. P. O. Powers and B. R. Billmeyer 64 Titanyl Sulfate Solutions, Hydrolysis of. A. W. Hixson and R. E. C.

Fredrickson........................................................................................................... 678T N T Wastes from Shell-Loading Plants. Color Reactions and Dis­

posal Procedures. C. C. Ruchhoft, M. LeBosquet, Jr., and W. G.M eckler................................................................................................................... 937

T oluene-Aniline-Water System, Solubility D ata for. J. C. Smith and R. E.

Drexel................................................................................................................. 601from n-Heptane with Promoted. Chromia-Alumina Catalyst. R.

C. Archibald and B. S. Greensfelder......................................................... 356as Impurity in Nitration Benzene. J. R. Anderson and C. J. En-

gelder................................................................... ............... ............................... 541Tom ato Juice, Canned, Influence of Storage on Vitamin Content.► N . B. Guerrant, M. G. Vavich, and R. A. D utcher............................... 1240Tomato Juice, d-Isoascorbic Acid as Antioxidant for. W. B. Esselen,

Jr., J. J. Powers, and R. W oodward........................................................... 295Tricalcium Phosphate. See Calcium Phosphate.Tung Oil Varnisn, Nitroparaffin Derivatives as Antiskinning Agents

for. H. G. Johnson...................................................... .... 1176Tyrothricin Production in Cultures of Bacillus brevis. J. C. Lewis,

K. P. D im ick, and I. C. F euste l..................................................................... 996

uUnit P rocesses, Symposium

Agitation in P ilot Plants. E . S. Bissell, F . D . Miller, and H. J.E verett................................................................................................................ 426

Catalytic Vapor-Phase Oxidation of Ethylene. E . T. McBee, H.B. Hass, and P. A. W isem an.......................... ........................................... 432

Chemical Process Pilot Plants. H . L. Barnebey............ • • • • • • • • • • 41oEsterification of 2,3-Butylene Glycol with Acetic Acid. Nathan

Shlechter, D . F. Othmer, and Seymour M arshak.............................. 900Mixer Performance D ata from Pilot Plants. J. H . R ush ton ......... 422Oxidation of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons to Maleic and Fum anc

Acids. W. L. F a ith ................... ....... ....................................• • • • • • 4 3 8Oxidation of Ferrous Sulfate Solutions with Oxygen. K. A; Kobe

and William D ick ey.......................................• • • • ■ • • • ............y v* Vi/Oxidation of Hexadecane. H. B . Hass, E. T. M cBee, and J. W.

Churchill................................................................... .. • • • • ; ......... V-r'iC ‘ • 4 4 5Pyrolysis of 2,3-Butylene Glycol D iacetate to Butadiene. Nathan

Shlechter, D . F. Othmer, and Robert Brand ....................................... 905Rosin Ester D evelopm ent. R. P. Cart er . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • •Use and Function of Pilot Plants in Chemical Industries, r . U.

Vilbrandt............................................................................................................Wood Hydrolysis. Raphael Katzen, R. S. Aries, and D. F. Othmer 442

Valve Meters, Globe-Valve Flow Coefficients for. A. E. Kroll andH. V. Fairbanks................................................................................................. 588

Vanadium Recovery by Anion Exchange. Sidney Sussman, F. C.Nachod, and William W ood.......................................................................... 618

V a p o r

Bubble Formation in a Boiling Liquid. R. F. Larson......................... 1004Composition and Related Properties of Solutions Correlated (Cor-

rection). D. F. Othmer.......................................................................... 952Metastable States of Liquid and. R. F. Larson........................................ 1010Pressure of Liquids Correlated with Viscosity. D. F. Othmer and

J. W. Con w ell................................................................................................ 1112Varnish Drying Oils from Sorbitol and Linseed Fatty Acids. J. D.

Brandner, R. H. Hunter, M. D. Brewster, and R. E. Bonner............. 809Varnish, Nitroparaffin Derivatives as Antiskinning Agents for. H. G.

Johnson................................................................................................................. 1176Vegetable Oil. See Oils.Vegetable Proteins, Viscosity Patterns of Solutions of. R. S. Burnett,

E. J; Roberts, and E. D . Parker................................................................. 276Viscosity Constant-Molecular Refraction Nomograph. R. T. Lage-

mann.......... ........................................................................................................... 600Viscosity of Liquids Correlated with Vapor Pressure. D . F. Othmer

and J. W. Con well............................................................................................ 1112V i t a m i n s

C, d-Isoasoorbic Acid as Antioxidant for. W. B. Esselen, Jr., J. J.Powers, and R. Woodward...................................................................... 295

in Canned Foods. Influence of Temperature and Time of Storage.N. B. Guerrant, M. G. Vavich, and R. A. D utcher........................ 1240

Synthetic Ion Exchange Resins in Separation, Recovery, and Con­centration of Thiamine. D. S. Herr.................................................... 631

V

wW astib

Agricultural, Saccharification by Continuous Process. J. W.Dunning and E. C. Lathrop..................................................................... 24

Molasses Stillage. G. T. R eich.................................................................. 534Pickling Liquor Treated with Limestone and Lime. R. D. Hoak,

C. J. Lewis, and W. W. H odge................................................................. 553from T N T Shell-Loading Plants. C. C. Ruohhoft, M. LeBosquet,

Jr., and W. G. M eckler.............................................................................. 937from Wood Hydrolysis. Utilization of Liquors. Raphael Katzen,

R. S. Aries, and D. F. Othmer................................................................. 442Water. See Corrosion Inhibitors and Steam.Wax, Microcrystalline, Mercurial Fungicides in. W. F. Horner, F. R.

Koppa, and H. W. Herbst........................................................................... 1069Wax, Paraffin, Crystal Behavior of. S. W. Ferris and H. C. Cowles. . 1054Wheat, Alcohol Production from. Evaluation of Malts. C. B.

Thorne, R. L. Emerson, W. J. Olson, and W. H. Peterson................ 1142Wheat Bran, Bacterial Amylase Production on. L. D. Beckord,

Erie Kneen, and K. H. Lewis....................................................................... 692Wiley, H. W., Memorial Symposium on Food Quality and F la v o r .. . 208W ood

Hydrolysis. Utilization of Waste Liquors. Raphael Katzen, R. S.Aries, and D. F. Othmer................................................. ........................ 442

Lignin Ethers and Esters. F. E. Brauns, H. F. Lewis, and E. B.Brookbank.............................................................. ........................................ 70

Redwood Products as Inhibitors of Oxidation in Petroleum Hydro­carbons. H. F. Lewis, M. A. Buchanan, D. Fronmuller, andE. F. Kurth............................................................................................... 988 , 1108

Soft, Fibrous Holocellulose from. E. L. Lovell..................................... 1034(<See also Sugars from Wood)

Wool Fat, Cholesterol Separation from. Lester Yoder, O. R. Sweeney,and L. K. Arnold.............................................................................................. 374

Wool Fibers, Effect of Synthetio Resins on. D. H. Powers.................... 188

X - R a y D i f f r a c t i o n7 -Alumina Examined by. M. H. Jellinek and I. Fankuchen............... 158Cellulose Esters, Interchain Order and Orientation in. W. O.

Baker. (Correction, 591)........................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • ■ • • 246for Tricalcium Phosphate Hydrate Identification. W. H. Mac-

Intire, George Palmer, and H. L. Marshall............................................ 164

Yeast from Wood Sugar. W. H. Peterson, J. F. Snell, and W. C.Frazier................................................................................................................... 3 0

Zein Fiber Preparation by Wet Spinning. C. B. Croston, C. D . Evans,and A. K. Sm ith ...........; . . . . ............... .. • ■ • ■ • • • ............ .. H » 4

Zein Preparation by Precipitation. C. D . Evans, R. J. Foster, anaC. B. Croston......................................... .. • • • • • • • • • • ■: ■ • • ■ ............ .• • • 1 7 0

Zinc Salts as Corrosion Inhibitors. R. S. Thornhill. (Discussion,W. H. J. Vernon and F. Wormwell, 70 9 ) .................................................. 706

GuWietvt jbeuelapsnestii in

of p o w e r transmission, is tra ce d From

its first a p p lica t ions to m o dern use.<sg&jt)ucu**eJl I14 L ittle * awen r t OWVL

h e n one inspects a modern chemical plant with dozens of separate units, from small agitated tanks to large heavy,

grinding mills, it seems a matter of course to view a belt of some sort between the driving motor and the driven equipment. It is difficult to realize that this simple device which transmits power from a prime mover to the driven equipment has had such an intricate development.

Many of us will recall that the subjects of physics and mech­anics are usually introduced by a treatment of four simple, so- called machines. They are listed in this order: the lever, the inclined plane, the wedge, and the wheel. All have to do with power transmission. This article deals with the last one, the wheel, or pulley, and particularly power transmission devices be­tween two or more pulleys. It is interesting to note that the pulley received its earliest application as only part of a wheel known as the shadoof. The shadoof, which also might be called the first crane, was in use in Egypt as early as 3000 b . c . This simple device was used mainly for drawing water from a river. A brick pier, several feet high, was erected on the bank of a river. On the top of this pier a long, unbalanced pole was placed on a pin so that it could be turned around, or up and down. This pole resembles part of a wheel. Two opposite spokes of the wheel only were used, one heavily weighted arm hanging over the stone pillar on the land side and the longer, lighter arm projecting over the river. To the end of the river arm was attached a rope carrying a bucket to hold water. A second rope was also at­tached to the long arm just over a convenient position on the river bank where it could be reached by the operator. This rope lowered the bucket into the water and when it was full, the oper­ator simply released the rope sufficiently for the heavier land end of the shadoof to raise the pail out of the river. Then the oper­ator walked the shadoof around with the rope guiding the pail to the river bank. When the water was emptied the operation was repeated. Modifications of this simple device were many throughout the ancient world. The picotah was a similar de­vice, although usually better constructed.

The bow drill was the first useful application of the combined wheel and pulley. This device consisted of the bow ordinarily used with arrows and a shaft or upright spindle which was re­volved by the bowstring wrapped once around the spindle when the bow was drawn back and forth. The bow drill was developed to ambitious proportions. There are pictures dated about 1500 B .C . showing an enlarged bow drill which required an operator on each end. In a chair placed on top of the spindle, a third indi­vidual sat in order to impart constant pressure to the drill. Here, the power transmitting medium was the rope on the bow, and the first rope drive seems to have been the bow drill. These crude machines were in use until about 250 b . c . when a horizontal adaptation of the bow drill accurately resembling a lathe was used by artisans. Many of the great men in ancient history such as Herodotus, Xerxes, Archimedes, and Philo of Byzantium, contributed in the adaptation of wheels to the spindle formerly revolved by the bowstring.

The Romans, accustomed to doing things on a grand scale, took the wheel in hand and developed large installations of power in a forceful but undesirable manner. The wheels were built not only very large and wide but they were also enclosed to form cages in which were confined a sufficient number of slaves to re­volve the wheel and furnish the equivalent amount of power. Wheels were also adapted to recover the power in falling water wherever possible. Antipater of Thessalonica, about 85 B .C ., raised the living standards for millers of grain in the following recommendation, “Ye maids who labor at the mills cease your toil. Sleep to welcome the dawn. Ceres commands the water nymph to do your task. These throw themselves upon the wheel, forcing around the axle.”

In devious ways the wheel became highly developed. Except for the bow drill, it was not possible for a long time to transmit much power from the driver to a second wheel by means of a flexible drive. The first transmission of larger amounts of power between wheels was obtained by the famous painter, Leonardo da Vinci, who created what would pass for a fairly good pinion and gear wheel using the cog. Furthermore the first record of a belt used to drive a driven wheel is credited to da Vinci. Among his artistic accomplishments was the creation of pottery. The record states that he used a round leather thong to transmit power from a foot treadwheel to the revolving pottery spindle. Although all over Europe and Sweden there was great activity in methods of transmitting power, the lack of any flat strong ma­terial like tanned leather and the absence of good glue confined such attempts to small amounts of power until the 15th eentury.

With the widely influential Industrial Revolution, new names appeared in the transmission of power. Watt, Rennie, and Aveling, in England, made important contributions. Flat belts for the transmission of power in relatively small amounts, played a prominent part in the phenomenal growth of American industry. N ot long ago it was an extremely familiar sight to see in any dye plant numerous vats and reactors driven by a maze of belts, all transmitting power from an overhead line shaft. Considerable ingenuity was used in locating this line shaft in inaccessible places which could not otherwise be usefully employed. I t was up to the oiler and the belt man to find out how to service the shafting and repair the belts. Throughout this era of increasing applica­tions to heavier loads, the rope belt more than held its own. The successful competitor was the flat leather belt, especially on drives of medium length from the factory ceiling to the floor. A reference in Dinglers Polytechnisches Journal states that flat leather belts were introduced to Germany by America in 1838. When one rope was insufficient to transmit the required power, several ropes were used, and troubles developed. The multiple endless rope drive was not successful because of the character of the ropes themselves, and particularly because the ropes were used in V-shaped grooves while the rope was round in cross sec­tion. Rope is a twisted mixture of small fibers, larger groups of fibers, and then larger groups of this latter cordage. Separate cords within a rope do not wear well under heavy loads and short centers. Fairly successful drives were installed by Walter H. Dodge, in the 1880’s; nevertheless his highly developed contin­uous warp system of rope drives was not well received because the rope drive has been replaced.

When small leather thongs, running in V-shaped grooves, were used to transmit power, early mechanics noticed that a worn belt was always V-shaped when it was removed. The first people to demonstrate that the V-belt had great possibilities were the automotive engineers who used such a belt around 1922 to drive radiator fans. This application which demonstrated reliability, smoothness, and unusual freedom from trouble, aroused the en­gineering world to the possibilities of V-belt drives. After the first V-belt had proved successful and economical, there were still many improvements to be made before multiple V-belts could be used on the same pulley. .The trouble arose from simple find­ings. The belts were not sufficiently uniform in width or length. One belt took.more of the power than another, became over­loaded and failed. For example, six belts would not carry six times the load placed on a single belt.

The modern multiple V-shaped belt drive was designed and developed about 1924 by Walter Geist in Milwaukee. The success of his work came through an appreciation of research. He realized the number of technical problems in a seemingly simple belt drive. The first V-belt applications found success, not because it was properly designed, but because it was over- designed and was required to transmit {Continued on page 86)