Subsea Installation and

MaintenanceP N S S MANIKANTA (13021A2619)C S D V MEGHANA (13021A2623)

V SAI KEERTHI (13021A2634)

CONTENTS• Introduction• Subsea Control System• Pipelines and Connections• Subsea Equipment• Inspection and maintenance• Conclusion

Introduction• Subsea technology in offshore oil and gas

Production is a highly specialized field of application with particular demands on engineering and simulation.

• Most of the new oil fields are located in deep water and are generally referred to as deep water systems.

• Maintenance strategies for subsea oil and gas production installations entail the use of specialized equipment and vessels to carry out subsea interventions.

Subsea Control System

• The subsea control system aids in dealing with the challenging environment subsea with its components to receive and transmit the data between the surface and subsea.

• The data acquired is used by engineers to monitor which allows safe and efficient subsea production operations in all climates and water depths.

• The selection of the control system is dictated predominantly by technical factors like:o The distance between the control pointso Water depth o Required speed of response during execution of subsea functions

Subsea Control System

Master Control Station(MCS)

Distributed Control System(DCS)

Electric Power Unit(EPU)

Hydraulic Power Unit(HPU)

Topside Umbilical Termination Assembly(TUTA)

Umbilical Termination Head(UTH)

Pipelines and Connections

• Umbilical• Pipelines• Jumpers• Risers

Subsea Equipment• Subsea Christmas Tree (XT)

• Horizontal Christmas Tree • Vertical Christmas Tree

• Manifold• Umbilical Termination Assembly (UTA)• Electrical Hydraulic Distribution Unit (EHDU)

Horizontal Christmas Tree

• Subsea Control Module• Subsea Accumulator Module• A set of valves• Tubing Hanger• Well Head Connectors• Connectors

• Vertical connector• Hydraulic Flying Leads• Electronic Flying Leads

• Sensors/ Transmitters• Choke• ROV Panel

Subsea Control Module• SCM is called the brain of the tree.• It actuates the valves, chokes and monitors sensors.• SCM contains

• Subsea Electronic Module• CPU• Power supply• Communication boards• Internal communication via CAN bus• Solenoid Driver Modules• Digital Transmitter Modules• Hydraulic valves

Subsea Accumulator Module• The accumulators located on the SAMs ensure

safe action of the solenoid valves without excessive pressure drop in the hydraulic system.

• It accumulates hydraulic fluid, used to operate various valves present in the tree.

Valves• Production Master Valve (PMV)• Annulus Master Valve (AMV)• Production Wing Valve (PWV)• Annulus Wing Valve (AWV)• Annulus Access Valve (AAV)• Crossover Valve (XOV)• Chemical Injection Valve

• Hydrate Inhibition Valve • Pour point Depressant Valve

Valves in Christmas Tree Christmas Tree

Surface Control Subsurface Safety Valve

ROV (Intervention) Panel

Manifold• Subsea Manifold is a flow-routing subsea hardware

(subsea flow router) that connects between subsea trees and flowlines.

• Subsea manifold is an arrangement of valves, pipes and fittings.

• It is used to optimize the subsea layout arrangement and reduce the number of risers connected to the platform

• If connected to dual flow line, the manifold can typically accommodate pigging loop and have the capability of routing production from a particular tree to a particular flow line

• Valves (Pig Valve ,Header Valves)• Pipe work• Control system ( SCM )• Framework structure• Foundation (Mud mats, Piles)• Connection equipment (Jumpers)• Sensors and Transmitters (Pressure Transmitters, Pig Detectors ) • Inspection (Pigging)• ROV Panel

Manifold Components

Umbilical Termination

Assembly (UTA)• Subsea termination

point for Umbilical• All lines (Electric,

Hydraulic, Chemical ) are split from the umbilical's to be sent to EHDU for distribution

• No provisions for parking the Electrical flying leads , Hydraulic flying leads

• Provides Electrical and Hydraulic distribution to the Trees and production Manifold

Electrical Hydraulic Distribution Unit

(EHDU)

Subsea Maintenance • Subsea Facilities and pipelines require Periodic

Inspections to ensure that no damage is present.• As divers can not reach Subsea installations,

Subsea installations maintenance job can be performed by Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV).

• Flow lines are periodically inspected and cleaned with the help of Pipeline Intervention Gadget (PIG).

Pigging• It is a technique in which properly sized spherical

or cylindrical device propelled to the interior of a pipeline byo Manipulating the pressure and flow of the existing media oro Artificially introduced media or o Mechanically pulling the device through the pipeline

• It is used for o Cleaningo Inspectingo Distributing inhibitor o Plug to isolate a section of the pipeline

Types of Pigs • Utility Pigs

o Based on Purpose• Cleaning Pigs• Sealing Pigs

o Based on Shape• Mandrel Pigs• Foam Pigs• Solid cast Pigs• Spherical Pigs or Spheres

• In line Inspection Pigs• Gel pigs• Plugs• Intelligent or Smart Pigs

Pig LauncherPigging “U” Loop in

ManifoldPig Receiver

Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV)

• ROV is a tethered underwater mobile device operated by a crew on board of a vessel

• ROV is connected to the topside via an umbilical link that houses communication cables, an energy source and information transfer.

• Types of ROV :• Inspection/Observation class• Intermediate class• Work class

Parts of ROV• Vehicle• Thrusters• Sensors and Tools• Control/Display console• Umbilical• Cameras and lights• Hydraulics• Winch System• TMS – Tether Management System• Arms

Thrusters• Thrusters help in moment of the entire vehicle• ROV can move front / back / right / left / Clockwise

/Anti clock wise with the help of these thrusters• FURGO FCV 2000D has total 7 thrusters, out of

which 4 are for horizontal and lateral motion , 3 for vertical motion

• It has speed of • 3.2 Knot Forward• 2.4 Knot Lateral• 2.6 Knot Vertical up/down

Cameras As no one can go and supervise operations in

subsea, these cameras are useful to record and monitor from the control system

1 knot =

1.852KMPH

Tether Management System (TMS) :• The TMS is the ROV’s garage.• It provides protection to the ROV during its launch

and recovery.• The purpose of the TMS is to lengthen and

shorten the tether, so the effect of cable drag is minimized, which is due to underwater currents

Winch system :• A winch is a mechanical device that is used to

pull in and pull out.• It is used to drive ROV (along with TMS) in to the

sea and from the sea.

7 function arm :

• Arms (hands) are used for most of the operations performed by ROV, which are similar to robotic arms.

• Like humans, ROV also has two arms which are 7 functions arm and 5 functions arm.

o Shoulder right and left o Shoulder up and downo Shoulder forward and

backwardo Wrist left and right

(yaw)o Wrist forward and

backward (roll)o Wrist side to side

(pitch)o Gripping/ Hand grasp

Arms

5 function arm :o Shoulder right and left o Shoulder up and downo Wrist left and right

(yaw)o Wrist side to side

(pitch)o Gripping/ Hand grasp

Parts of ROV

• Vehicle• Thrusters• Sensors and Tools• Control/Display console• Umbilical• Cameras and lights• Hydraulics• Winch System• TMS – Tether Management System• Arms

Conclusion• With the increasing demand for hydrocarbons and reducing

onshore and shallow water reserves in our country, there is a need to explore and exploit the deep water offshore fields which are complex by nature.

• All the subsea equipment are too huge to compare with that of onshore equipment with their amazing dimensions and complex operations.

• All the deep water offshore operations demand discreet planning which are difficult to execute but are always fruitful if executed and maintained properly.

Queries ?

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