Successful exploration of oil and gas for more than 15 years

GEOCHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY IN OIL & GAS EXPLORATION

YUGRANEFTEGASResearch Center

Yugraneftegas Research Center is a service company offering a wide range of services and solutions in oil and gas industry. The Company has been in the market since 1998.

Customers of the Company include the leading enterprises of the Russian Federation – Gazprom, Rosneft, Lukoil and a number of state institutions.

 

Presentation Outline• What is Geo-chemical

prospecting?• How our Geo-chem

surveys help in various stages of hydrocarbon Exploration

• Sampling methods & Laboratory investigations/analysis

• Cluster Analysis & Geochemical Play Model

• Integration and Interpretation of studies

• Some successful case histories

• Our credentials

What is Geochemical prospecting?

• Geochemical prospecting is an innovative and cost effective technology which incorporates analyses of adsorbed gases of subsoil rock samples, gas concentration anomalies as well as changes in surface gas compositional effects in hydrocarbon prospective areas.

• The manifested anomalies vis-à-vis background effects are mapped to bring out anamalous areas increasing the probability of success in hydrocarbon discovery.

How our Geo Chem studies help in various stages

Frontier Basinal areas

• Reduce the risk of acquaring Seismic data in non-productive parts

• To delineate the focus areas for further seismic data acquisition

• Through Isotopic analysis , understand Maturity of basin /block to explore further

Exploration stage

• To know if the delineated prospect is adequately charged

• To validate and evaluate concentration clusters within the exploration area

• Optimise seismic data acquisition

How our Geo Chem studies help in various stages

Development Stage

• Reservoir limits and extensions

• Any by passed oil /gas pockets

• Is there any compartmentalisation of Reservoir?

• Value addition to reservoir models

Play models and refinements

• Integration with Seismic data

• Play concepts in understanding the structural models drawn vis-à-vis Geochemical anomalies observed

• Isotopic studies to aid sourcing of hydrocarbons –thus to evaluate hydrocarbon path ways

SAMPLING METHODS AND FIELD SURVEYS

Sampling pattern & Grids

The field surveys will be undertaken based on geo-morphology, physiography and geological aspects of the study area.

It is proposed to study the satellite imagery of the study area to facilitate designing of the

sample sites and pattern.The components of any other available data

(wells, Seismic, Geological mapping) would also be integrated to design the pattern of sampling

Geochemical (atmogeochemical) survey with free pore gas sampling. • active free pore gas sampling on sorbent, • passive pore gas sampling on sorbent.2. Geochemical survey with gas sampling adsorbed with natural sorbents (rocks, water, snow).

GEOCHEMICAL SURVEY Sampling Methods

Auger drilling to collect samples of surface sediments (soils) or pore gases in summer

Device to Conduct Surveys Using the Technology of Passive Adsorption of Gaseous Soils

1 – tube produced from inert aggregate, 2 – funnel, 3 – filter, 4 – capsules filled with sorbent, 5 – sealing rings, 6, 10 – packer rubbers, 7 – screw with a connection piece, 8 – vacuum pipe, 9 – holder, 11 – blind joint.

COMPARISON OF SAMPLING METHODS FABRIC UNIT AND YUGRANEFTEGAS UNIT AT PASSIVE ADSORPTION

HC flow HC flowd=2cm d=60cms=3,14cm2 s=2826 cm2

Horizontal change of pressure is absent.

Horizontal filtration is also inexistent.

HD filtration only takes place vertically.

The surface of fabric unit is less than 3,14 whereas

Yugraneftegas unit it depends on the diameter of the cone

attached.

In the process of such surveys, a certain quantity of free pore gas or gas obtained through thermovacuum degassing of the samples of rocks (soils), is pumped through a capsule from a chromatograph thermal desorption unit filled with a of several special sorbents.

Throughout this process, hydrocarbon concentration grows up so many times as many times the volume of the gas pumped is more than the volume of the gas sample inserted to the chromatograph when conducting regular tests.

Atmogeochemical survey using active adsorption method with the collection of the

samples for sorbent

-chromatographic analysis of free gases (С1-С6, Н2, Не, СО2, N2+О2);

-chromatographic analysis of light hydrocarbons (liquid С7 – С9, including aromatic);

-chromatographic analysis of heavy hydrocarbons (С10 – С20);

-litho-geochemical study of elements;

•isotopic analysis of Random Samples .

Laboratory research investigations include the following analytical studies:

Geochemical survey with the collection of samples of rocks (soils), snow or water with their further degassing and chromatographic study of the liberated gas content.

Types of gas geochemical surveys conducted by

YUGRANEFTEGAS Research Center

Atmogeochemical survey with the collection of samples of free pore gas from surface sediments, snow cover or air samples from near-surface layers of the atmosphere.

Atmogeochemical survey using active adsorption method with the collection of the same gas samples on sorbent.

Atmogeochemical survey using passive adsorption method for hydrocarbon gases coming from the earth interior on sorbent.

Classic Atmogeochemical Survey

Pore gas samples obtained by degassing of the samples of soils, drilling liquid, snow or water or directly obtained from the pore space of soils or snow are analyzed using gas chromatographs with flame ionization detectors (FID)

Such detectors have the sensitivity of up to 10-6, i.e. one hydrocarbon molecule per one million of air molecules

Saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons from methane to hexane are determined, in particular in background and anomalous fields

Heavier hydrocarbons in free gases of pore spaces and near-surface layers of the atmosphere are usually present in the quantities which may not be directly determined using gas chromatography methods

Thus, if the volume of gas inserted to the chromatograph through a loading bin, is 1 ml, when 100 ml of gas are pumped though the capsule with sorbent, the concentration of hydrocarbon will grow 100-fold, and if it is 1,000 ml – 1,000-fold, etc.

Such technology may be used first of all to explore oil deposits, as it allows identifying hydrocarbons contained in pore or desorbed gases from С1 to С23 and up.The main interest here lies in aromatic and naphthene hydrocarbons, i.e. benzene, toluene, xylene, cyclopentanes and cyclohexanes.

Besides, this method allows considerably increasing the sensitivity of geochemical exploration when the deposits lay at the depth of 3-6 km and more.

Atmogeochemical survey using active adsorption method with the collection of the samples on sorbent

Atmogeochemical survey using passive adsorption method

with the collection of the samples for sorbent

1. The sensitivity of the method used by YUGRANEFTEGAS Research Center exceeds the sensitivity of foreign

counterparts more than 3,000-fold.

2. The method used by YUGRANEFTEGAS Research Center is also used to control the sealing of underground gas

storage facilities (UGSF).

The device used by YUGRANEFTEGAS Research Center consists of a tube produced from inert aggregate

(stainless steel, plastic), where two capsules filled with a sorbent are placed parallel to each other, with a seal to

avoid the possibility of the gas flow from the earth interior going past the capsules with sorbent. A filter is placed

under the capsules with sorbent to absorb water vapor.

A sealed funnel is attached to the lower end of the tube to direct the gas flow from the earth interior passing

through the surface sealed with such funnel to the tube.

The device may be installed at the needed point.

No

Geochemical Survey

Method

Yugraneftegas Research Center Geochemical Survey Methods

Soil, Water, Snow, Free Pore Gas and Air

Sampling Active Sorption

Method Passive Sorption

Method

1 Sampling Method modulesSamples: soil, water,

snow, gas Free pore gas

samples for sorbent Yugraneftegas

Research Center modules

2Sampling Time 17-20 and

more days10 min 25 min 20 days

3 Hydrocarbons Identified С2 – С20 С1 – С6 С2 – С20 С2 – С20

4

Sensitivity of Hydrocarbon Identification Method

1*10-9

1*10-12

1*10-12

1*10-12

5 Laboratory Research Methods TD-GC–MS TD, gas chromatography Gas chromatography,

GC–MS

TD-GC–MS

6 Detection of Background and Anomalous Fields

available available available available

7Integrated Interpretation of Geochemical, Geophysical, Geologic, and Drilling Data

available available available available

8Oil-and-Gas-Bearing System Detection Accuracy, % 92 95 98 92

9 Non-productive Well Forecasting Accuracy

96 95 100 96

10 Adverse Environmental Impact none none none none

Comparison of Geochemical Survey Methods

YUGRANEFTEGAS Testing Laboratory received technical competency and independence accreditation from the Federal Accreditation Service

Profile of heavy hydrocarbons (C10-C24)in an investigated area

Profile of hydrocarbons and non-hydrocarbons(sm3/kg) in an investigated area

CASE STUDIES

Fig. Vostochno-Tarkazinskaya block.Geochemical survey of the soils.Propane concentration distribution.

Fig. Vostochno-Tarkazinskaya block.Geochemical survey of the soils.Total butane content distribution.

Fig. Vostochno-Tarkazinskaya block.Geochemical survey of the soils.Total pentane content distribution.

Fig. Vostochno-Tarkazinskaya block.Geochemical survey of the soils.Complex geochemical anomalies.

Fig. Vostochno-Tarkazinskaya block.Layout of averaged contours of hummocky formations located at the foot of step bends,by sediments of the second seismic complex.

Fig. Vostochno-Tarkazinskaya block.Layout of averaged contours of hummocky formations located at the foot of step bends,by sediments of the fourth seismic complex.

Fig. Vostochno-Tarkazinskaya block.Location of well 1 on the seismic line 1088113.

Fig. Vostochno-Tarkazinskaya block.Location of well 5 on the seismic line 108834.

The geological project task was to conduct exploratory geochemical surveys with snow cover (in winter), surface sediments (soils) and surface waters (in summer) to assess the potential of such types of geochemical survey in Nizhnevartovsk district of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area.

Stavropolskoye fieldComparison of Seismic and Geochemical Data on the Line of Seismic Geological Profile

Stavropolskoye field (Nizhnevartovsk district) Oil Bearing Capacity Potential according to the Seismic Data Interpretation,

- outline of the potential structural and lithological trap in YuV bed (under seismic data)

- seismic profiles

- border of С1 reserves

- border of the license block

- rupture anomalies, assumed

according to seismic datawells:

2 6

4 8

2

- productive

- non-productive

- planned

- outline of the potential structural and lithological trap in YuV bed (under seismic data)

- seismic profiles

- border of С1 reserves

- border of the license block

rupture anomalies, assumed according to:

- seismic data

- integrated interpretation of geochemical and

geophysical materials- geochemical sampling points

- geochemical anomalies

- deposit boundaries assumed under

the integrated interpretation of geochemical and geophysical materials

Stavropolskoye field.Predicted Deposit Comparison Map – Seismic and Geochemical Data,

- the project wells

- outline of the potential structural and lithological trap in YuV bed (under seismic data)

- seismic profiles

- border of С1 reserves

- border of the license block

rupture anomalies, assumed according to:

- seismic data

- integrated interpretation of geochemical and

geophysical materials- geochemical sampling points- geochemical anomalies

- deposit boundaries assumed under

the integrated interpretation of geochemical and geophysical materials

Stavropolskoye fieldComparison Map of Seismic and Geochemical Data with the Further

Drilling Outcomes,. Confirmation of geochemical survey forecast

- drilled wells

Dry Wells

wells:2 6

4 8

2

-productive

-non-productive

-planned

Stavropolskoye field. Comparison Map: Seismic and Geochemical Data (1998), SeismicData Re-interpretation Results (2000) and Drilling Outcomes.

An example of geochemical survey data confirmation by seismic data reinterpretation results

- outline of the potential structural and lithological trap in YuV bed (under seismic data)

- seismic profiles

- border of С1 reserves

- border of the license block

- boundaries of the traps in YuV1 (1) bed according to seismic data re-interpretation by Tumenneftegeofizika 19/98-99, 2000

rupture anomalies, assumed according to:

- seismic data

- integrated interpretation of geochemical and geophysical materials

- geochemical sampling points

- geochemical anomalies- deposit boundaries assumed under the integrated interpretation of geochemical and geophysical materials

-assumed deposit boundaries in deltaic sediments (according to the seismic worksinterpretation data)

- geochemical anomalies

-geochemical sampling points

-productive (commercial gas flows)

-non-productive (water flows)

Vizhomlyanskoye gas deposit (Predkarpatsky yield).

Comparison of Geochemical Survey Data with Further Drilling Data

Projects Undertaken and Snap shot of Results

Results of geochemical surveys conducted on the territory of the Western regions of Ukraine with the outcomes of further seismic and

drilling activities

No Structure Name

Gas Bearing Potential Assessment under Geochemical Surveys

Well Sampling Results

1 Mostovskaya positive

positive

Non-commercial gas flow, well

Mostovskaya-2

2 Yuzho-Grabinskaya positive

positive

Commercial gas flow, well Yu. Grabinskaya-1,2,3,4,5

3 Vyzhomlyanskaya positive

positive

Commercial gas flow, wells Vyzhomlyanskaya-2,3,6,12,13

4 Vyzhomlyanskaya

negative negative,(beyond

geochemical anomalies)

wells Vyzhomlyanskaya-4,5,8,9,10

No Structure NameGas Bearing Potential

Assessment under Geochemical Surveys

Well Sampling Results

6

Rossovskaya

negative

negative,

(Northern block) well Rossovskaya-1 – no flow

7 Podoletskaya

negative Wels Podolbtsy-1 and

(beyond geochemical anomaly) Podolbtsy-2 were drilled

beyond the anomaly

(in non-optimal conditions

under seismic data

reinterpretation)

8 Podoletskaya

positive

Not drilled(within geochemical anomaly)

9 Susolivskaya positive

positive

Commercial gas flow, well Novoselki-12

10 Yuzhnorudkovskaya negative

negative,

well Yu. Rudkovskaya-1

No Structure Name Gas Bearing Potential Assessment under Geochemical Surveys Well Sampling Results

11 Yuryevskaya negativenegative,

well Yuryevskaya-1

12 Oselevskaya negativenegative,

well Oselya-1

13 Rogoznensky reef negativenegative,

well Bykov-6

14Knyagininskaya Reservoir Type Seismic

Anomaly* (under seismic materials interpretation data)

negativenegative,

well Knyaginichi-1,2

15 Yavorovskaya negativenegative,

well Yavorovskaya-1

16Voshchanetskaya Reservoir Type Seismic

Anomaly* (under seismic materials interpretation data)

negativenegative,

well Niklovichi-2,6

17Romanovskaya

negativenegative,

(upstructure portion) well Romanovskaya-1

Complex geochemical anomalies are mainly assigned to the maximum values of seismic waves transit time between B3 and A reflectors (Jurassic sediments), which is the evidence that oil deposits are associated with fringe zones of rocks-collectors of Jurassic sediments.

South Yamal license block. Map to compare complex geochemical anomalies with

the map of time intervals between B3-A reflectors

Inte

rval

tim

e

Example of assessment of oil-and-gas capacity of a lithological trap and close agreement of geochemical survey data with drilling data

165

157

161

- producing oil

- producing water

- “dry”

Wells:

- tectonic faults

- Yu1-1 bed oil deposit outline

- suspected structure-type traps

- expected oil-drainage boundary of Yu1-1 bed

- expected increase in the oil productive area of Yu1-1 bed according to seismic data

- complex geochemical anomalies

Forecast based on seismic data

Geochemical data

Blocks of the license and place in Western Siberia where our company conducted geochemical researches

1. Mantoysky2. Yarkhuayakhsky3. Vostochno-Khokhryakovsky 4. Yuzhno-Ostrovnoy5. Severo-Kochevsky6. Tevlino-Russkinsky 7. Severo-Kogalymsky 8. Severo-Pokamasovsky 9. Longyugansky 10. Severo-Vostochno-Khulymsky11. Yarudeysky12. Stavropolsky13. Chatylkinsko-Udmurtsky 14. Kynsko-Chaselsky15. Lensitsky16. Vostochno-Perevalny17. Pangodinskaya area18. Severo-Nerutinsky19. Severo-Yubileyny20. Vostochno-Yubileyny21. Sredne-Khulymsky 22. Vansko-Namyssky23. Poluysky24. Sorumsky25. Severo-Kazymsky26. Vostochno-Padinsky

Komi Republic – three license blocks

Bashkortostan Republic – one license block

Mari El Republic – one license block

Volgograd Region – five license blocks

Krasnoyarsk Territory – two license blocks

Apart from the territory of the Western Siberia, geochemical surveys were conducted in areas and license blocks of:

OUR CREDENTIALS

The Company implements its own solutions and technologies in geology, oil and gas field development. A number of technological solutions developed by the Company are protected by the patents of the Russian Federation.

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