successful forestry project experiences in the mato grosso do sul silvopastoral system
TRANSCRIPT
“SUCCESSFUL FORESTRY PROJECT EXPERIENCES IN THE MATO GROSSO DO SUL SILVOPASTORAL SYSTEM”
CM FLORESTAL LTDA.
CELSO LUIZ MEDEIROS LIMA. Forestry engineer
Email: [email protected] Skype: celso.medeiros50
Telephone – (67) 9281 0257 (67) 3301 8359
ESTIMATED AAG (average annual growth) Basic premise: Average local rainfall = 1,400 mm 1 m³ wood = 30 mm of rain Expected productivity: 1,400mm/30mm Expected AAG 46.6 m³/ha/year
Obs: Consider Local water deficit Applied technology
BASIC FERTILIZING
Dolomitic limestone: 2,000 kg; Agricultural gypsum: 800 kg Reactive phosphate : 350 kg; 10+30+10 + micronutrients: 150 kg; 20+05+20 + micronutrients: 150 kg; 18+00+18 + micronutrients: 180 kg; Leaf analyses followed by three
supplementary applications.
CONVERSION RATE
CLONE GG 100 SILVOPASTORAL 424 trees/ha AAG= 4th year: 33.20 m³/ha/year. Tree volume = 0.313 m3/tree CONVENTIONAL 1,111 trees/ha AAG= 4th year: 43.50 m³/ha/year. Tree volume = 0.1566 m³
WORK IN PROGRESS
Soil: quartz sand (10 to12%) Rainfall: 1,300 mm Stand: 884 trees/ha Productivity: 40 m³/ha/year
WORK IN PROGRESS
Soil: quartz sand (18 to 20%) Rainfall: 1,300 mm Stand: 884 trees/ha Productivity: 46 m³/ha/year
SOME MISTAKES
6.0 x 1.5 meters in São Paulo yielded 27% productivity loss 8.0 x 2.0 meters yields low productivity
wood and pasture
SILVOPASTORAL CONCEPT
Produce wood Sequester carbon Produce pasture Produce crops Respect the environment
TREES IN ROWS
Space between the rows: 14 to 35 m (Porfírio-da-Silva, 2006) 10 to 50 m (Oliveira et al., 2003) Space between the trees in each row: 1.5 to 4.0 m (Porfírio-da-
Silva,2006)
DIRECTION OF PLANTING
East/West On the same level Water is a limiting production factor
SILVOPASTORAL SYSTEM RESULTS Increased density Timber production and cattle raising
in the same area Thermal comfort for the animals Improved health of the animals Protection of the pasture against frost
SILVOPASTORAL SYSTEM RESULTS Less need to restore pastures Control of soil erosion Increased income from the property
MOST COMMONLY USED CLONES
Urograndis: I- 144, I- 224, H- 13, H-77 C- 041, C- 219, 1528 Urophylla: GG- 100 Urocam: VM- 01 Grancam: 1277 Camalcornis VM58
CLONES AND THEIR USES
Pulp: H-13, H-77, C-219, C-041, I-144. Charcoal/Manufacturing: VM-01,
GG100, 1528. Sawmills: 1277, I- 224, H- 13, VM 01.
IMPLEMENTATION
Soil that can support a standing forest Water is a limiting production factor
Adequate sunlight and suitable
temperatures
IMPLEMENTATION
Soil preparation Facilitate future maintenance Place the fertilizer (phosphorus) close to
the root system Controlled release fertilizer (Basacote) Specific herbicide for eucalyptus
plantations
IMPLEMENTATION
Soil correction – limestone, gypsum Combating ants Topography / contour line / grading Building and maintaining roads Herbicide in the area worked on
IMPLEMENTATION
Mechanized soil preparation + phosphate
Planting / replanting + gel
Irrigation
Fertilizing using NPK
Pre-emergence application of herbicide
MAINTENANCE
Combating ants Fertilizing Mechanical weeding along the rows Grading of the land between the rows Pre-emergence application of herbicide
throughout the entire area Mechanical and chemical weeding between
the rows
MAINTENANCE
Pruning Forest inventory Fire prevention Pest control
HARVEST
Thinning Final cutting
THINNING / HARVESTING
Nº of Thinnings
Age (years)
Nº of Trees Volume (m³/ha)
Use
Initial Removed Remainder
1º 4 884 250 634 45 (0.18 m³)
Biomass
2º 7 634 384 250 135 (0.35 m³)
Biomass Sawmills
Final cut 12 250 250 0 195 130
(1.30 m³)
Sawmills Biomass
Total 505 m³
OPERATING COST (per ha) OF IMPLEMENTATION / MAINTENANCE
Implementation = R$ 2,012.96 Maintenance = R$ 3,367.50
Total = R$ 5,380.46
THINNING AND FINAL CUTTING 45 m³ X R$ 40.00 = R$ 1,800.00
135 m³ X R$ 50.00 = R$ 6,750.00 325 m³ X R$ 74.46 = R$24,200.00
Total = R$ 32,750.00
REVENUE vs EXPENSES
Expenses up to 12 years R$ 5,380.46 / ha Revenue R$ 32,750.00 / ha PROFITABILITY = R$ 27,369.54 / ha / 12 years Per year = R$ 2,280.80 / ha
PRODUCTION COST vs SALES Total production volume 505 m³ Production cost R$ 5,380.46 Cost per meter of standing timber: R$ 5,380.46 / 505 m³ = R$ 10.65 m³ Minimum sale value of standing
timber: R$ 40.00 m³
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