sudmeier may 2015 know 4 final
TRANSCRIPT
Sudmeier, K. Senior Researcher, UNIL / UNEP
KNOW 4 DRR Chambéry May 27, 2015
University of Lausanne, Institute of Earth Sciences
Ecosystem-based solutions for disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation: addressing uncertainties
1. Why do ecosystems matter for disaster risk reduction and adaptation?
2. Strategies for managing uncertainties?
Questions
Credit: I. Penna April, 2014
Roads in Nepal: socio-ecological-disaster linkages
Credit: G. Leibundgut
Ecosystems Protecting Infrastructure and Communities, Nepal (2012-2017)
• How to quantify ecosystem services for erosion reduction? • Economic costs and benefits of bio-engineered or “green
roads” vs.“grey”/conventionally constructed roads? • How effective are various commonly used bio-engineering
plants in slope stabilization, considering climate change factors?
Workshop ended 5 minutes before the earthquake…
Credit: K. Sudmeier
Epicenter- EQ1
25 April 2015 Origin time 11:56:26 Magnitude 7.8Mw
or 8.1 Ms
Depth 15.0 km (9.3 mi)
Epicenter 28.147°N 84.708°ECoordinates: 28.147°N 84.708°E
120 aftershocks as of May 1
6.7Mw on 25 April 6.7Mw on 26 April
Casualties of of May 25
8,000 +
Nepal 2015, 3,000+ earthquake-induced landslides
Source: Earthquakes without Frontiers blog, ICIMOD/ EWF
Earthquake - ecosystem linkages?
Kashmir, Pakistan
Pakistan 2005: 3,000+ earthquake-induced landslides
Results: remote sensing, field study
• 100 landslides profiled • 17 km 2 surface area • 84 on right bank • Similar geology and slope gradient (50-55°) • Private ownership vs. state regulated • Vegetation cover highly degraded on right bank • 56% grazing, followed by occurrence of roads Sudmeier-Rieux et al. (2011) Correlated by Peduzzi (2010)
HMRCSX, ICIMOD 2008
Ecosystem linkages?
Why do disasters matter to sustainable devt?
www.keywordpicture.com
Knowledgeallianz.com
2004hurricanes.com
Tropical Storm Jeanne, 2004 6,000 casualties in Haiti 18 casualties in Dominican Republic USD 7 billion total damages
Strategies for managing uncertainties?
Question 2
Credit: Sudmeier- Rieux
Mountain vegetation – avalanches, landslides, rockfall
Riverine and wetlands - flooding
El Cangrecal river, Honduras© C Warmenbol 2007
Coastal vegetation – coastal hazards
©IUCN Thailand
www.photoeverywhere.co.uk Sri Lanka ©McAdoo
Sand dunes, coral reefs, sea grasses – coastal hazards
Sri Lanka©McAdoo
Hybrid grey / green infrastructure ?
Co-benefits Main targets
Multiple benefits of Eco-DRR /EbA
Global uptake of Eco-DRR / EbA
Partnership for Environment and Disaster Risk Reduction
• Scientific knowledge and dissemination • Capacity building • Policy and advocacy (www.pedrr.org)
Addressing uncertainties…
• MOOC: Disasters and Ecosystems: Resilience in a Changing Climate
• 12,000 + participants • Post-graduate course for
Universities • Training of Instructors
workshops • National workshops • New book in 2016 • Global literature review on Eco-
DRR
Environment at all stages of the spiral
©Lloyd- Jones
