sulemanki headworks

Islam Barrageis abarrageon theRiver SutlejinVehari Districtof thePunjabprovince ofPakistan.Islam Barrage is used for irrigation and flood control.It is about five miles south of Luddan on the Vehari-Hasilpur road (N 29 49' 0.01" E 72 33' 0.00").It was completed as Sutlej Valley Project for irrigation of Nili Bar in 1927. 1650 feet long with design discharge of 300,000 cusecs, it has two off taking larger canals which irrigate 689,000 acres of land in Southern Punjab and 700, 000 acres in the former State of Bahawalpur. Mailsi Canal (5400 cusecs) arises from its right Bank and Bahawal Canal (5400 cusecs) from the left. A third smaller canal is called Qaim Canal (558 cusecs) also arising from the left bank.According to a report, Islam Headworks is in distress owing to aging, design deficiencies, constructional defects, hydraulic and mechanical problems, inadequate operation, maintenance and drastic changes in river morphology as a result of implementation of Indus Water Treaty of 1960.http://nation.com.pk/national/03-Nov-2010/Lack-of-funds-threatens-Islam-HeadworksThe major problem was inadequate flood passage capacity of barrage in relation to flood intensities developed over a 100-year return period. The aging process along with inadequate/deferred maintenance had contributed to a general deterioration of different components of the structure.The poor structural state of the headworks has been documented to be poor in June 1998, due to inattention, lack of interest, and the operations of the headwork has suffered. Every September when the flood level rise and India releases a large amount of water, it creates havoc in areas downstream from the head works.A feasibility study and detailed designs was prepared in 2008 to rehabilitate the Headworks. However due to lack of interest, inefficiency at the government level and absence of confidence/trust of International Financial Institutions (IFIs) has contributed to postpone the rehabilitation. World Bank (WB) has given verbal assurance for financing the rehabilitation of Islam headworks but it would be only after rehabilitation of another barrage (Jinnah). More recently the Punjab government has obtained assurances from the World Bank and the Provincial Government of Shahbaz Sharif has begun to take interest in rehabilitation of the headworks. 2013 floods which caused a significant damage throughout Punjab may have been an impetus in leading to this more proactive policy.According to a 2011 report River Sutlej at this point is the most polluted river in South Asia. The combined unregulated discharge of Urban and Industrial waste during its course through India and later Pakistan is the most likely source of this problem.

Lack of funds threatens Islam HeadworksNovember 03, 2010SHARE :ISLAMABAD - Absence of financing from both the central and the provincial (Punjab) government and refusal from the International Financial Institutions (IFIs) to finance rehabilitation and up gradation of Islam headworks have raised grave questions as the headworks reportedly pose a threat of serious damages in the event of high flood in the river.Islam barrage, located about six miles north-west of Hasilpur town, was constructed on river Sutlej during 1922-27 to irrigate vast area of 0.689 million acres in the defunct state of Bahwalpur and 0.7 million acres falling in Punjab as a component of Sutlej Valley Project initially for feeding Bahwal Canal (5,400 cusecs) and Qaim Canal (558 cusecs) on the left bank and Mailsi Canal (5,400 cusecs) on the right bank.Further, the command area of Bahawl canal is however composed of mostly braickish zone.The population benefiting from its canal system is nearly 0.20 million falling in Bahawalpur district.Well placed Official sources have informed that Islam headwork was in distress owing to aging, design deficiencies, constructional defects, hydraulic and mechanical problems, inadequate operation, maintenance and drastic changes in river morphology as a result of implementation of Indus Water Treaty of 1960.The major problem at the headwork was inadequate flood passage capacity of barrage in relation to flood intensities developed over a 100-year return period.They were of the view that the aging process along with inadequate/deferred maintenance had contributed to a general deterioration of different components of the structure.The consultants engaged in June 1998 to assess the general health of the infrastructure had declared the barrage to be unsafe and desired a priority attention for its safe operation.A former secretary irrigation Punjab and an expert on barrages on condition of anonymity said that after the functioning of Indus Water Treaty, in every September as dams in India filled with floodwaters then this floodwater reached in Bhawalpur area and played havoc.He further warned both the governments to avoid delay in rehabilitation of this barrage to avert the risk of barrage failure in future.He informed that after feasibility study of Islam headwork/barrage, detailed designs was prepared in 2008 to rehabilitate them after the recommendations of consultants but due to lack of interest, inefficiency at the government level and absence of confidence/trust of International Financial Institutions (IFIs) on present democratically elected government contributed a lot to postpone the rehabilitation of this much needed headwork/ barrage.However, it was the responsibility of the central and provincial government to mobilise and generate funds for the rehabilitation of this barrage, he added.However, Mian Israrul Haq, Chief Strategic Planning Irrigation Department (Punjab) while talking to TheNation has informed that World Bank (WB) has given verbal assurance for financing the rehabilitation of Islam headworks but it would be after rehabilitation of Jinnah barrage almost in 2011.He informed that WB had financed for the feasibility and design study of the barrage but rehabilitation of Islam headworks was out of their port folio as this year it was financing for Jinnah Barrage.He further commented that politics and lack of curiosity on the part of IFIs had postponed the fate of rehabilitation of Islam barrage to 2011.It is worth mentioning to note that suitable scheme needs to be chalked out for the safe passage of floodwaters as the barrage operation ran into difficulty soon after its construction in 1927.Even the geometry of existing training works is not adequate to face the design flood flow discharge in the river and the retired flood embankments needs massive up gradation and for safety assurance, provision of wetting channels along the river side is essential on the pattern of other barrages in Punjab.Moreover, the operation defects are now being experienced quite frequently on account of aging effects and deferred maintenance.The manual operation of the gates is also becoming quite cumbersome in the current environments.The renovation of the gates system and up gradation of support facilities is therefore immediately required.Again, the pressure pipes installed at barrage have mostly gone out of order or covered by road bridge deck after its reconstruction and widening.Both manual and automatic data acquisition system should be installed at the barrage to monitor the condition of subsoil flow and uplift pressure being exerted under the downstream floor.

Panjnad River(Urdu/PunjabiShahmukhi: ,PunjabiGurmukhi) (panj = five, nadi = river) is a river at the extreme end of Bahawalpur district inPunjab,Pakistan. Panjnad River is formed by successive confluence of the five rivers ofPunjab, namelyJhelum,Chenab,Ravi,BeasandSutlej. Jhelum and Ravi join Chenab, Beas joins Sutlej, and then Sutlej and Chenab join to form Panjnad 10 miles north of Uch Sharif in Bahawalpur district. The combined stream runs southwest for approximately 45 miles and joinsIndus RiveratMithankot. The Indus continues into theArabian Sea. A barrage on Panjnad has been erected; it provides irrigation channels for Punjab andSindhprovinces south of the Sutlej and east of the Indus rivers.Beyond the confluence of Indus and Panjnad rivers, the Indus river was known as Satnad (Sat = seven) carrying the waters of seven rivers including Indus river, which is believed to be in earlier times theSaraswati/Ghaggar/Hakrariver which eventually dried and became a seasonal river due to seismic shifts in the glacial region ofHimachal Pradeshwhere it originated and later on Kabul river and the five rivers of Punjab.

PANJNAD BARRAGEOVERVIEW OF BARRAGE:

The Panjnad barrage is the last barrage constructed on River Chenab at downstream confluence point of River Sutlej. The barrage was constructed in 1925 -1929 with design discharge of 450,000 cusec and upstream HFL RL 341.5 to irrigate 1.8325 million acres of Bahawalpur and Rahimyar Khan districts by diverting 11882 cusecs.

SALIENT FEATURES:Barrage Data

Maximum designed capacity700,000 cusec

Maximum recorded flood in 1973802,516 cusec

Total width between abutments3,400 ft.

Clear water way2,820 ft. (47 bays of 60 ft. each)

Minimum U/S flood level R.L. 341.5R.L. 341.50 ft.

Minimum D/S flood levelR.L. 340.30 ft.

Pond level - normalR.L. 337.50 ft.

Off-Taking Canal Data

Panjnad CanalCapacity (Cusec)7,769

Crest levelR.L. 332.5

Floor levelR.L. 320.00

Full Supply Level (FSL)R.L. 335.70

No. of bays12

Width of each bay (ft.)18 ft. each (2 Nos.)26 ft. each (10 Nos.)

Abbasia CanalCapacity (Cusec)1,064




No. of bays2

Width of each bay (ft.)20

Abbasia Link CanalCapacity (Cusec)5,600




No. of bays6

Width of each bay (ft.)25

REHBILITATION AND UPGRADATION WORKS Extension of upstream floor and providing additional sheet piles Providing 3" to 4" thick Layer of Shotcrete on the Existing Barrage Floor Installation of Piezometers Providing Surveillance Cameras and Telecommunication Network at the Barrage Rehabilitation of the Barrage and canal gates & hoists, including Motorization of gates with local control Replacement of the Barrage Road Bridge Deck Construction/Rehabilitation of Infrastructure and Buildings

Priority need for Rehabilitation and Up-gradation of barragesPunjab barrages play vital role in sustaining supplies to the irrigated lands in the province.These barrages are serving since last 50 to 110 years. Most of these structures have outlivedtheir life and need rehabilitation. Irrigation Department has planned to rehabilitate andmodernize the century old barrages in a phased program. Taunsa barrage, the most criticalbarrage was taken up first on priority during April 2005 with the financial assistance of theWorld Bank and the project has since been completed ahead of the schedule completion date.Similarly, Jinnah and Punjnad barrages on Indus River, Trimmu barrage at Jhelum andChenab River, Khanki at Chenab River, Balloki at Ravi River, and Sulemanki & Islam atSutlej River have been identified for prioritized investment.

Sutlej flows down to Bahawalpur but with poisonous watersSutlej River is flowing down the Empress Bridge, near Bahawalpur, due to heavy rains in northern India thanks to the early arrival of the monsoon. More water is expected this year. Reports suggest that it was in high flood last week inHimachal Pradeshand the waters had reached Ferozepur district of Indian Punjab on July 9.The people in Bahawalpur districtare pleasantly surprised to see waters in the Sutlej River, for it has become almost a dead stream due to Pakistan accepting Indias exclusive rights over it through the Indus Basin Treaty of 1960. The water table on its banks has sunk down to 120 ft which was available at 20 ft at times it used to carry floods.The waters of Sutlej River are harnessed through a number of dams and canal headworks by India.Bhakra Dam is the major reservoir wherefrom canals carry its waters to Punjab and Haryana. Indira Gandhi canal carries the waters of Sutlej as far as Rajasthan. If something is left, it is diverted by Pakistan at headworks of Islam and Sulemanki constructed under Sutlej Valley scheme in 1927. It is only rarely that waters are released to reach Head Panjnad.The waters of Ravi and Beas have also been added to Sutlej in India through link canals and are being used for the agricultural purpose. Intensive cultivation and the mushrooming of industry utilizing the agricultural produce in its catchment areahave made the Sutlej the most polluted river of South Asia. The unrestrained use of pesticides in agriculture and industrial waste being diverted to the river makes its water E class in Doaba region.The people in Farid Kot, who are using the waters of Sutlej to quench their thirst and to cater to the needs of agriculture, are developing deformities. A report of Punjab Pollution Control Board (PPCB) prepared after various tests on the rivers waters, at various points in the 2010, rated Sutlej waters as A class (pure) at Nangalheadworks, which become E class and D class (highly unfit for drinking) respectively at the confluence of BudhaNullah in Ludhiana and East Bein or Chitti Bein in the Doaba region.

sulemanki headworks

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