Supercritical CO2

Extraction

ศ.ดร.สมเกียรติ งามประเสริฐสิทธิ์

ภาควิชาเคมีเทคนิค คณะวิทยาศาสตร

จุฬาลงกรณมหาวิทยาลัย

ดร.เรืองวิทย สวางแกว

สถาบันวิจัยเทคโนโลยีชีวภาพและวิศวกรรมพันธุศาสตร

จุฬาลงกรณมหาวิทยาลัย

สถานะของสสาร (states of matter)

Tour, C.D.L., Exposé de quelques résultats obtenu par l’action combinée de la chaleur et de la compression sur certains liquides, tels que l’eau, l’alcool, l’éther sulfurique et l’essence de pétrole rectifiée. Annales de chimie et de physique, 1822. 21: p. 127-132.

Denis PAPIN invented “steam digester” in 1679.He reported that“Water can be boiled above 100 oC.”“Boiling point increases with increasing pressure.”

In 1750, Joseph Black introduced a term.“Latent heat is energy required to complete a solid-liquid or liquid-vapor phase transition.”

James Watt found in 1783 that“Latent heat of vaporization decrease as the temperature is increased. In 18th century, GASES were considered

to be distinct from VAPORS as “Elastic fluids”.

In 1792, Antoine-Laurent DE LAVOISIER showed gases and vapors to be one and the same.

The states of matter are solids, liquids, and

gas.

When SCFs was found?

PAPIN’s digester(experimental device)

Upon rolling the device, a splashing sound was generated as the solid ball penetrated the liquid-vapor interface.

Far beyond the boiling point of the liquid, the splashing sound ceased

above a certain temperature.

The interface between vapor and liquid disappeared. You can see it on YouTube.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GEr3NxsPTOA

Baron Cagniard DE LA TOUR reported in 1822

J’ai écoute

Tour, C.D.L., Exposé de quelques résultats obtenu par l’action combinée de la chaleur et de la compression sur certains liquides, tels que l’eau, l’alcool, l’éther sulfurique et l’essence de pétrole rectifiée. Annales de chimie et de physique, 1822. 21: p. 127-132.

What is SCFs?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P9EftqFYaHg

SCFs’ Properties

Modified form [http://www.buykorea.org/product-details/Supercritical-Fluid-System-Supercritical-Extraction-System--3014692.html#pdi01]

Gas properties

High diffusion rateLow viscosityLow surface tension

Liquid properties

High densityHigh solvent powerHigh surface tension

Supercritical fluids properties

No interface = Zero surface resistant =Zero surface tension

Critical properties of substances

SubstanceCritical Temp.

(oC)

Critical Pressure

(bar)

Density

(g/cm3)

Molecular Weight

(g/mol)

Carbon dioxide (CO2) 31.1 73.8 0.469 44.01

Water (H2O) 373.1 220.5 0.348 18.02

Methane (CH4) -87.75 46.0 0.162 16.04

Ethane (C2H6) 32.4 48.8 0.203 30.07

Propane (C3H8) 96.8 42.5 0.217 44.09

Ethylene (C2H4) 9.4 50.4 0.215 28.05

Propylene(C2H2) 91.75 46.0 0.232 42.08

Methanol (CH3OH) 239.45 80.9 0.272 32.04

Ethanol (C2H5OH) 240.9 61.4 0.276 46.07

Acetone (C3H6O) 235.1 47.0 0.278 58.08

Extraction process

น้ํารอน (Solvent)

กากกาแฟ (Raffinate)

(Solute + Solvent)

กาแฟรอน

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UxAjlmaUNzs

CO2Storage

tankExtraction chamber

Cooler

4 C

Rectifying column

Product

50 ºC/35 MPa

CO2 (Gas+Liq)

50 ºC/5 MPa

CO2 (Liq)

E = Extracted and R = Raffinate (Solid)

Supercritical extraction strategies

Astaxanthin extraction by SCCO2

1. What is extraction pressure in bar?2. How to separate CO2 from extracted product?3. What is the production capacity (ton/year)?

Product

Recycle

SCC

O2

extra

ctio

n

Biom

ass l

oad

ing

ExtractedProduct

+CO2

https://youtu.be/4SJqSN9TCDk?t=3m38s

TCA extraction by SCCO2

1. What are DIAM’s products? 2. What compounds are SCCO2 extracted?3. How many types of DIAM’s products presented in video?

TCA is 2,4,6-Trichloroanisole.

Cork taint caused an estimated annual loss over

$10 billion dollars worldwide (1995).

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bIvg9EVorJA

Caffeine extraction by SCCO2

1. When did the plant was commission? 2. What is the capacity of extraction cartridge (in gal)?3. What is the extraction pressure (in psi)?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OQPD4YBgeT8

SCCO2 Extraction device 25 L2

CO2Storage

tank Extraction chamber

Separator

Cooler

Rectifying column Product

Product

13

Ongoing Research

Item Specification Price (US$/ tonne) Source

Feedstock

Carbon dioxide 99.5%, Food grade 1,150 a

Basil seed Aflatoxin-free 5,150 b

UtilityChilled water 1 [1]Cooling water 400 kPa, 6 °C 0.014 [1]Electricity 0.077/kWh [1]ProductDefatted mucilage 22,850 c

Basil seed oil 4,285 d

14

คณุอภชิาต แซ่ซอื

(เจา้ของสวนมะลปิลอดเคม)ี

การสกดัดอกมะลดิว้ย

คารบ์อนไดออกไซดท์าํไดห้รอืไม?่

ลงทนุเท่าไหร่?

Output: ตวัอย่างนํา้มนัหอมระเหย 20 มล.การตรวจสอบคุณภาพอา้งองิ มอก.

ตน้ทนุการผลตินํา้มนัหอมระเหย

Outcome: แผนการสกดันํา้มนัหอมระเหยตามฤดูกาล

Ongoing Research

Thank you for your

attention

Questions and Suggestions are welcome.