supporting online materia
TRANSCRIPT
Corrected 19 April 2007: Minor typographic erros have been corrected.
www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/1138113/DC1
Supporting Online Material for
The Amount of Recycled Crust in Sources of Mantle-Derived Melts
Alexander V. Sobolev, Albrecht W. Hofmann, Dmitry V. Kuzmin, Gregory M. Yaxley, Nicholas T. Arndt, Sun-Lin Chung, Leonid V. Danyushevsky, Tim Elliott, Frederick A. Frey, Michael O. Garcia, Andrey A.Gurenko, Vadim S. Kamenetsky, Andrew C. Kerr, Nadezhda A. Krivolutskaya, Vladimir V. Matvienkov, Igor K. Nikogosian, Alexander
Rocholl, Ingvar A. Sigurdsson, Nadezhda M. Sushchevskaya, Mengist Teklay
Published 29 March 2006 on Science Express
DOI: 10.1126/science.1138113
This PDF file includes:
Materials and Methods Figs. S1 to S5 Tables S1, S2a, S2b, and S3 References
Other Supporting Online Material for this manuscript includes the following: available at www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/1138113/DC1
Table S2 (complete) as zipped file
Sobolev et al, Supporting Online Material www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/1138113/DC1
20 APRIL 2007 VOL 316 SCIENCE www.sciencemag.org
S1
Electron probe microanalysis. Olivine phenocrysts were analyzed for Si, Fe, Mg, Ca, Ni, Mn, Cr, Al and Co with a Jeol Jxa 8200 electron probe at Max-Planck Institute of Chemistry. Each olivine grain was analyzed in the geometrical center at 20 kV accelerating voltage and probe current of 300 nA. A small olivine subset was analyzed at 30 kV and 200nA. Details of analytical conditions are presented in Table S1. These conditions have been found optimal to obtain best detection limits (see Fig S1). The intensity of the Co Kα line was additionally corrected for overlap with the shoulder of FeKβ second order line using the following linear equation established by analyzing Fe bearing standards free of Co: CoOc=CoOm-0.0011×FeOm-0.013. [S1] Where CoOc and CoOm, FeOm-are corrected and measured values correspondingly.
The constant in equation [S1] was obtained from analyses of San Carlos olivine standard with known Co content (Table S1). Note that the linear approximation of equation [S1] may not be valid for highly Mg (Fo>93) and low Mg (Fo<70) olivines.
In addition San Carlos olivine standard USNM 111312/444 (S1) was run (3 points per each 30-50 measurement points) as an
unknown to monitor drifts in calibration and estimate accuracy of analysis. All measurements of Si, Fe, Mn, Ni, Ca and Al were corrected for deviation of this standard from the reference values (Table S1).
For trace elements, the above measurement conditions routinely yield detection limits of around 6-15 ppm based on 3 sigma criteria by Jeol standard software, and errors of 15-30 ppm for trace elements and 0.01 mol% for Fo content (2 standard errors) established by counting statistics and reproducibility of olivine standard (see Fig S1-S2). Precision and
El St Cryst Line Peak BG(+) BG(-) S.C.O.
Si 1 TAP Kα 90 90 - 190740 *
Al 2 TAP Kα 240 120 120 170 #
Fe 1 LIF Kα 90 90 - 74230 *
Mn 3 LIFH Kα 120 60 60 1084 *
Mg 1 TAP Kα 90 45 45 298040 *
Ca 4 PETJ Kα 120 60 60 665 #
Ni 5 LIF Kα 150 70 70 2907 *
Co 6 LIFH Kα 120 120 - 140 **
Cr 7 PETJ Kα 120 60 60 95 #
Table S1. Typical analytical conditions of electron probe microanalysis of olivine. Probe current 300 nA, acceleration voltage 20kV.
The Amount of Recycled Crust in Sources of Mantle-Derived Melts
A. V. Sobolev, A. W. Hofmann, D. V. Kuzmin, G. M. Yaxley, N. T. Arndt, et al.
Supporting Online Material Methods and Samples
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Fig. S2. Reproducibility of San Carlos olivine standard analyzed three times every 30 to 50-th measurement points. Measured- represent uncorrected measurements, corrected – stands for measurements corrected for the calibration drift.
Notes for Table S1: Standards (St) - 1- San-Carlos olivine USNM 111312/444 (S.C.O.); 2-pure Al2O3; 3-Rhodonite; 4-Wollastonite; 5-pure NiO; 6- pure Co-metal; 7-pure Cr2O3. Peak and background (BG) counting time in seconds. *-Accepted values for (S.C.O.) from ref (S1) in ppm, **-value measured by LA-ICP MS.
Fig. S1. Detection limit for Mn as function of probe current and peak counting time (in seconds, sec). Detection limit was determined for San Carlos olivine standard with Jeol software using background statistics and 3 sigma criterion. Typical measurement conditions used in literature are marked as “routine analysis”. Analysis at higher beam current and counting times published by (S3) is marked as “precision analysis”. The analytical conditions used in this study are indicated as “high precision analysis”.
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Fig. S3. Comparison between Co and Mn concentrations in olivine measured by EPMA and LA-ICPMS. Error bar corresponds to ± 2 standard errors for both EPMA and LA-ICP MS
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S2
accuracy of Co and Mn measurements were independently checked by LA-ICP MS analysis using Thermo Finnigan Element 2 mass spectrometer and New Wave Up213 YAG laser (213 nm wavelength) setup. KL2-G (S4) and NIST 612 glasses were used as a external standards and Ca in olivine as reference value. Figure S3 shows that both Co
and Mn concentrations measured by EPMA correspond to those analyzed by LA-ICP MS within 20 ppm (2 standard errors).
Olivine database. The averaged most highly magnesian olivines for each sample are presented in Table S2a. Individual olivine analyses are presented on Fig S4 and in Tables S2,c,d,e,f separately for each group: MORB in Table S2c, WPM-THIN in Table S2d, WPM-THICK in Table S2e and KOMATIITES in
Table S2f. These tables are included as separate spreadsheets together with Table S2a in the Excel file called Table S2. Table S2a is also placed in the end of this file. Tables S2c,d,e,f include concentrations of oxides and their relative standard deviations in % (signal counting statistics) for individual olivine grains. Each analytical point in addition to
sample name has a unique number. Table S2a includes group title, sample name, reference for sample description (if published), information on locality, number of averaged high-Mg grains, forsterite content, element concentrations in ppm, standard errors of the mean in ppm, characteristic ratios of elements and calculated amount of pyroxenitic component (X px, see below for explanation).
Melting of pyroxenites. The model hybrid pyroxenite composition from Sobolev et al. (S3) (their Table S2, column 50%) was chosen for the high pressure experimental investigation. A synthetic starting material with this composition (Px-1) was prepared for the experiments by blending high purity oxides and carbonates under analytical grade
acetone for several hours, until the material was homogenous and very fine-grained. The resultant dried powder was then pelletised and fired for 12 hours at 1100°C to decarbonate and partially fuse the components. FeO was added after firing in the form of synthetic fayalite (Fe2SiO4), and again blended under acetone. The final mixture was then dried overnight at 200°C and subsequently stored at 110°C. The actual composition of the Px-1
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Fig. S4. Composition of olivine phenocrysts: all data from database. Group of MORB olivines shown on top of all groups.
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starting material was checked by electron probe microanalysis of quenched glass prepared by fusing the starting mix at 1300°C in an Ar atmosphere in a box furnace and quenching in water (Table S3).
High pressure experiments were run at a pressure of 3.5 GPa and temperatures between 1400-1570°C in a conventional 1.27cm piston-cylinder apparatus at the Australian National University. The Px-1 starting material (≈1 mg) was loaded into graphite capsules, which were sealed by arc-welding in Pt outer capsules. The
capsules were placed centrally into NaCl-pyrex sleeves with MgO inserts, an assembly which requires no friction correction. Type B thermocouples (Pt6Rh94/Pt30Rh70) were employed, with the thermocouple join placed within a fraction of a millimeter of the Pt capsule. Runs were brought to run temperature and pressure simultaneously. Temperature was controlled throughout by Eurotherm controllers attached to the thermocouple and is accurate to ±10°C. Pressure is accurate to ±0.1 GPa. Experiments were maintained at the
desired PT condition long enough to allow a close approach to equilibrium, and then quenched by terminating power to the furnace.
After recovery from the post-run assembly, the Pt capsules were mounted in 1 inch diameter epoxy buttons, sectioned longitudinally and polished, in preparation for analysis by scanning electron microscopy at the Australian National University and electron probe microanalysis at the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry in Mainz.
Pyroxenite-derived component in melts. In order to estimate endmember compositions we have averaged compositions of melts of pyroxenite and peridotite (see Fig.S5). For pyroxenite we averaged all melt compositions except numbers C-2298 and C-2327 (Table S3) produced at low temperature and low percentage of melting. For peridotites we averaged 7 compositions of melts from runs 30.12, 30.07, 30.14, 30.1 (3.GPa), 40.06, 40.07, 40.05 (4.GPa) of Walter, 1998 (S2). The endmember compositions are shown in Table S3. We assumed that the mixtures consist of endmembers with similar temperatures, and we therefore excluded (from the averaging procedure) experimental melts with very low or very high temperatures (see Fig.S5).
The calculated endmember melts were then mixed (in 10% intervals) producing mixed melt compositions. For these melts the composition of equilibrium olivines were
calculated using Herzberg’s model (S5). The calculated Mn/Fe ratios of the olivines and the amounts of pyroxenitic endmember (Xpx) yield a straight line: Xpx = 3.48–2.071×(100Mn/Fe) [S2]
We used this equation to calculate the amount of pyroxenitic endmember for each average olivine composition in Table S2a.
The calculated endmember compositions are derived from experiments at high pressures and temperatures. Therefore, they are directly relevant primarily to thick-lithosphere settings, but we have applied them for all settings. Equivalent estimates for lower pressures and temperatures (1.0 GPa and 1300-1350oC) have been calculated using pMELTS (S6). This yielded similar degrees of melting and residual assemblages (50 to 60% of melting and low-Ca pyroxene dominated residue) as those derived from high pressure and temperature runs (Table S3). This gives us some confidence that the same Mn/Fe ratios can be applied to lower pressures, but experimental confirmation will be needed. Additional confidence in the results is derived from the observation that the extreme compositions observed in both MORB and WPM-thick settings match the calculated endmember compositions reasonably well.
Run DT T Phases proportions, wt% Melt compositions in oxide wt%, Ni in ppm
N h o C melt Opx Cpx Ga SiO2 TiO2 Al2O3 FeO MnO MgO CaO Na2O K2O Cr2O3 Ni
C-2298 45 1400 8 0. 79 14 60.70 2.76 14.40 6.80 0.068 4.44 7.71 2.34 0.70 0.07 453
C-2317 48 1450 16 0 71 12 55.76 2.33 14.20 7.63 0.081 7.45 7.95 2.16 0.44 0.06 626
C-2301 5 1500 33 0 60 6 53.30 1.58 14.21 8.25 0.106 10.67 8.61 1.75 0.13 0.09 810
C-2330 5 1520 42 0 55 3 52.54 1.29 14.22 8.65 0.112 11.66 8.65 1.98 0.14 0.11 850
C-2332 5 1540 72 24 4 0 52.00 0.86 13.55 8.19 0.125 14.08 9.00 1.80 0.08 0.20 796
C-2318 6 1550 76 18 7 0 52.38 0.83 13.39 7.95 0.117 14.67 8.77 1.74 0.09 0.20 843
C-2319 5 1575 79 20 0 0 52.20 0.79 13.07 8.11 0.126 15.44 8.52 1.67 0.07 0.22 841
Px-1, Bulk composition 52.67 0.64 11.26 7.55 0.119 18.48 7.05 1.52 0.06 0.25 1000 Peridotite-derived endmember 46.79 0.85 11.50 9.68 0.185 19.07 10.00 0.84 0.47 0.39 642
Pyroxenite -derived endmember 52.56 1.07 13.71 8.24 0.117 13.32 8.72 1.79 0.10 0.16 830
Table S3. Proportions of phases produced and melt compositions from melting of pyroxenite at 3.5 GPa and 1400-1575oC.
Note for Table S3: Melt, Opx, Cpx, Ga, - proportions of melt, orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene and garnet in experimental runs in mass fractions, calculated using list square method from bulk composition and compositions of phases. DT- run duration in haurs, T- temperature in oC. The amount of Ni has been calculated using the method described in Sobolev et al, 2005 (S3). This method uses known phase proportions and the distribution of Ni between phases, to calculate Ni in the phases on the basis of mass balance and known bulk Ni content. The assumed bulk Ni concentrations are: 1000 ppm for pyroxenite (Px-1) and 1900 ppm for peridotite (S3).
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Fig. S5. Melt fraction and composition of experimental melts of pyroxenite and fertile peridotite. Temperatures for experimental runs of fertile peridotite (S2) are extrapolated to 3.5 GPa by using slope 100C/GPa. Data for pyroxenite from Table S3. Crystalline phase coexisting with melt are: Ol - olivine; Opx - orthopyroxene; Cpx -clinopyroxene; Ga - garnet. Blue and red ellipses indicate analyses averaged to calculate peridotite-derived and pyroxenite-derived endmembers respectively.
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Oceanic crust in magma sources. A final step is to estimate the actual amount of recycled oceanic crust (Xcrc) from the determined proportion of pyroxenite-derived melt. This quantity is linked to the proportion of hybrid pyroxenite-derived melt (Xpx) by the degree of melting of eclogite (Fe), the amount of eclogite-derived melt needed to produce hybrid pyroxenite from peridotite (Xe), and the degrees of melting of peridotite (Fpe) and pyroxenite (Fpx) (S3):
[S3]
Following assumption of Sobolev et al,
(2005) (S3), we propose that the extent of melting of eclogites reaches a maximum of 50%. This limit is unlikely to be exceeded significantly during fractional melting, because this process removes Na (S7) and thereby renders the residue highly refractory. Therefore it is also not strongly dependent on the potential temperature of the rising mantle material. The amount of pyroxenite produced by reaction of the primary (eclogite-derived) melt with peridotite is prescribed by the stoichiometry of the reaction, which also yields proportions of the reactants of close to 50:50 (S3). For these, proportions, the amount of reaction pyroxenite equals the amount of initial eclogite. The melt fraction produced by the pyroxenite can be estimated at low pressure (1-2 GPa by modeling using pMELTS software (S6)), yielding a maximum of about 60 % for batch melting at 1 GPa and 1320 to 1350°C. At higher pressures (3.5 GPa) we must rely on the experimental data (Table S3, Fig. S5), which also yield a maximum melt fraction of about 50-60% for batch melting for 1540-1550°C.
These values will be significantly lower for fractional melting (S8), for the same reason as discussed for eclogite melting (i.e. early Na removal). Adopting an amount of 50 % pyroxenite melting will therefore result in a minimum estimate in the amount of recycled crust present. Finally, we estimate the melt fraction of peridotite using published models (S5) for MORB (10%), Iceland, as a proxy for the WPM-THIN group (20%), Hawaii, as proxy for the WPM-THICK group (10%) and Archaean komatiites -40% (S9). This yields the following average estimates for the amounts of recycled oceanic crust in the mantle sources: 4% for MORB, 11% for WPM-THIN group, 16% for WPM-THICK group, and around 13% for Archean komatiites. According to (S10) the melt fraction of peridotite for Ontong Java high-Mg magmas corresponds to 30%, which yield the amount of recycled oceanic crust of 13-28% in the mantle source of these magmas.
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Table S2b. Locations (GPS coordinates) and description for Icelandic samples
Sample Locality Description latitude longitude
01-7 Reykjanes, Haleyjabunga Glassy olivine phyric picrite N63o 48.954' W22o 38.646' 03-102 Reykjanes, Lagafell Glassy olivine phyric picrite N63o 52.906' W22o 32.611'
03-106 Reykjanes, Haleyjabunga Glassy olivine phyric picrite N63o 48.873' W22o 38.724'
01-15 Reykjanes, Sulur Glassy olivine –phyric basalt N63o 54.094' W22o 32.558'
01-12 Reykjanes, Stapafell Glassy olivine-plagioclase phyric picrite N63o 54.601' W22o 31.370'
01-8 Hengill, Midfell Glassy olivine phyric picrite with rare plagioclase and clinopyroxene xenocrysts N64o 10.140' W21o 04.257'
01-10 Hengill, Midfell Glassy olivine phyric picrite with rare plagioclase and clinopyroxene xenocrysts N64o 10.103' W21o 04.118'
01-19 Hengill, Maelifell Glassy olivine phyric basalt with rare plagioclase and clinopyroxene xenocrysts N64o 06.252' W21o 10.744'
03-131 Kistufell Glassy olivine phyric basalt N64o 47.806' W17o 13.745'
03-164 Kistufell Glassy olivine phyric basalt N64o 46.918' W17o 12.713'
03-140 Kistufell Glassy olivine phyric basalt N64o 47.861' W17o 12.202'
03-161 Kistufell Glassy olivine phyric basalt N64o 47.808' W17o 13.957'
01-55 Theistareykir, Laufrandarhraun Glassy olivine phyric picrite N65o 56.285' W17o 05.047'
01-57-4 Theistareykir, Laufrandarhraun Glassy olivine phyric picrite N65o 55.791' W17o 04.463'
01-56-1 Theistareykir, Laufrandarhraun Glassy olivine phyric picrite N65o 56.277' W17o 05.374'
01-41 Theistareykir, Theistareykjahraun Glassy olivine phyric basalt N65o 57.547' W17o 04.120'
01-44 Theistareykir, Laufrandarhraun Glassy olivine phyric picrite N65o 56.068' W17o 05.246'
01-56-2 Theistareykir, Laufrandarhraun Glassy olivine phyric picrite N65o 56.277' W17o 05.374'
01-54 Theistareykir, Laufrandarhraun Glassy olivine phyric picrite N65o 56.281' W17o 04.624'
01-51 Theistareykir, Langavitishraun Glassy olivine phyric basalt with rare clinopyroxene phenocrysts N65o 56.058' W16o 52.282'
03-224 Snaefellsness, Enni Glassy olivine phyric basalt N64o 54.146' W23o 45.776'
03-226 Snaefellsness, Sydri-Raudamelur Olivine phyric basalt N64o 52.296' W22o 17.368'
03-220 Snaefellsness, Ytri-Raudamelur Olivine phyric basalt N64o 52.717' W22o 20.860'
)111
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see
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Geod
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Refer
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Geog
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Loca
lity
N Fo
Al
ppm
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ian O
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10
5.22 o
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IR
24
89.49
27
0 79
979
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29
6327
19
95
2109
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0.7
12
0.569
2.4
94
0.135
0.07
7 50
2 10
26
8 13
38
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RB
MORB
(S
11)
145-
3 Ind
ian O
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11
6.72 o
E SE
IR
9 89
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298
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2 12
24
2982
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MORB
MO
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unpb
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pb
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21
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38
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MORB
MO
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(S11
) 69
-1
Indian
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an
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1972
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0.239
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8 28
7 10
29
4 MO
RB
MORB
(S
11)
88-2
2 Ind
ian O
cean
96
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R 10
88
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7 14
53
2878
37
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15
72
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0 1.6
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0.546
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2.429
0.0
88
0.1
1 8
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14
526
10
18
7
MORB
MO
RB
unpb
5-
2 Ind
ian O
cean
12
6.52 o
E SE
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33
89.63
25
7 78
288
1238
29
4600
18
75
2383
364
1.582
0.8
09
0.633
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0.207
0.04
3 30
7 6
235
3 17
2 MO
RB
MORB
un
pb
16-1
9 Ind
ian O
cean
12
7.58 o
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18
88.40
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5 87
179
1357
28
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19
20
1953
348
1.557
0.6
76
0.589
2.2
02
0.258
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5 11
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6
MORB
MO
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J-P
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0.6
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2.975
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59
0.0
2 10
17
1 3
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3 38
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MORB
MO
RB
(S12
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Pacif
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Siqu
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. 89
90
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377
7245
4 11
31
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1985
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61
137
413
1.561
0.8
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0.651
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0.250
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4 19
1 3
201
2 15
1
5 MO
RB
MORB
(S
13)
FZ 64
9-5(
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lantic
Oce
an
9 N M
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36
89.75
30
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29
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53
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34
0.642
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39
0.216
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5 30
9 4
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5 15
4 MO
RB
MORB
(S
13)
FZ 64
9-5(
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lantic
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an
9 N M
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28
88.76
30
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161
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28
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32
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MORB
MO
RB
(S13
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20
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MORB
MO
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(S13
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310
8345
2 12
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24
34
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1.486
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0.406
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9 63
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5 20
55
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MORB
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pb
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6 12
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MORB
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MORB
MO
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24
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MORB
MO
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1953
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pb
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5 7
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2 10
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pb
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43
1985
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9 33
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pb
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96
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8 8
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11
15
2 6
MORB
MO
RB
unpb
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lantic
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0.6
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0.619
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11
0.330
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2 4
MORB
MO
RB
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0.517
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3 34
1 6
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pb
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MORB
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MORB
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(S19
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2 7
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17
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16
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PM-T
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(S19
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Ice
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4 74
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29
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7 19
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5 10
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PM-T
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(S19
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8 88
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8768
7 13
72
2905
73
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0.696
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0.243
0.12
8 87
3 15
68
1 31
43
2
16
WPM
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B (S
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01-1
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land
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, Stap
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7 87
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249
9289
2 14
57
2857
89
1987
21
23
36
8 1.5
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0.6
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2.139
0.2
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0.1
3 5
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15
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35
73
18
W
PM-T
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(S19
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4 73
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29
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0.612
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39
0.251
0.10
18
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9 39
7 34
39
26
WPM
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N OI
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19)
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3 12
24
2947
65
2672
23
03
54
3 1.5
91
0.781
0.6
01
3.472
0.1
88
0.0
5 12
39
1 5
347
19
30
14
W
PM-T
HIN
OIB
(S19
) 01
-19
Icelan
d He
ngill,
Mae
lifell
5 90
.24
426
7353
3 11
55
2958
22
2444
27
31
149
643
1.571
0.9
23
0.679
3.3
24
0.228
0.19
9 13
81
23
719
17
80
6 23
W
PM-T
HIN
OIB
(S19
) 03
-131
Ice
land
Kistu
fell
67
88.43
29
5 86
728
1335
28
8535
21
70
2305
16
9 30
7 1.5
40
0.799
0.6
93
2.502
0.2
94
0.0
2 9
178
4 19
6 7
13
1 6
WPM
-THI
N OI
B (S
19)
03-1
64
Icelan
d Ki
stufel
l 25
88
.84
331
8404
6 12
87
2911
32
2174
24
11
167
356
1.531
0.8
28
0.696
2.5
87
0.311
0.05
10
320
8 42
9 18
18
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N
Fo
Al pp
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Mn pp
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Ca pp
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Co pp
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Mn pp
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Ca pp
m Ni
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Co pp
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WPM
-THI
N OI
B (S
19)
03-1
40
Icelan
d Ki
stufel
l 45
88
.56
305
8584
3 13
11
2892
25
2161
23
59
167
321
1.527
0.8
16
0.700
2.5
17
0.320
0.03
9 22
3 4
186
13
17
1 6
WPM
-THI
N OI
B (S
19)
03-1
61
Icelan
d Ki
stufel
l 50
88
.48
286
8640
8 13
26
2886
57
2157
23
41
169
317
1.535
0.8
11
0.701
2.4
97
0.303
0.04
10
263
6 21
5 8
17
1 6
WPM
-THI
N OI
B (S
19)
01-5
5 Ice
land
Theis
tarey
kir,P
icrite
s 24
90
.30
356
7331
3 11
68
2969
01
2439
24
89
144
584
1.594
0.8
38
0.615
3.3
27
0.182
0.06
19
430
9 35
6 31
33
2
21
WPM
-THI
N OI
B (S
19)
01-5
7-4
Icelan
d Th
eistar
eykir
,Picr
ites
32
90.06
37
9 74
874
1187
29
5369
23
71
2467
589
1.586
0.8
35
0.625
3.1
67
0.199
0.04
15
268
6 34
3 22
26
15
WPM
-THI
N OI
B (S
19)
01-5
6-1
Icelan
d Th
eistar
eykir
,Picr
ites
48
90.21
29
9 73
806
1189
29
5885
24
35
2423
552
1.611
0.8
19
0.604
3.2
99
0.147
0.04
10
284
6 22
7 15
18
13
WPM
-THI
N OI
B (S
19)
01-4
1 Ice
land
Theis
tarey
kir
15
89.76
43
7 77
047
1178
29
4013
21
77
2800
14
7 63
1 1.5
29
0.952
0.7
34
2.826
0.3
16
0.0
8 17
58
4 9
406
8 20
2
15
WPM
-THI
N OI
B (S
19)
01-4
4 Ice
land
Theis
tarey
kir
8 89
.16
415
8159
2 12
67
2920
04
2169
25
70
155
580
1.553
0.8
80
0.718
2.6
58
0.266
0.11
48
803
17
608
76
73
4 53
W
PM-T
HIN
OIB
(S19
) 01
-56-
2 Ice
land
Theis
tarey
kir,P
icrite
s 9
90.49
35
0 71
973
1149
29
7838
24
25
2491
15
3 58
6 1.5
96
0.836
0.6
02
3.370
0.1
77
0.1
0 30
71
6 18
41
4 43
67
3
44
WPM
-THI
N OI
B (S
19)
01-5
4 Ice
land
Theis
tarey
kir,P
icrite
s 45
87
.95
293
9033
5 14
07
2870
24
2183
22
97
172
399
1.557
0.8
00
0.723
2.4
17
0.258
0.04
9 29
8 5
226
13
14
1 8
WPM
-THI
N OI
B (S
19)
01-5
1 Ice
land
Theis
tarey
kir
6 91
.39
367
6565
0 10
35
3032
39
2433
22
87
138
885
1.577
0.7
54
0.495
3.7
07
0.217
0.15
38
1176
25
35
9 10
8 10
7 4
71
WPM
-THI
N OI
B (S
19)
03-2
24
Icelan
d Sn
aefel
lsnes
s 4
89.14
29
2 82
132
1272
29
3273
19
94
2363
15
0 51
3 1.5
49
0.806
0.6
62
2.428
0.2
75
0.2
5 12
18
23
29
1054
17
86
3
27
WPM
-THI
N OI
B (S
19)
03-2
26
Icelan
d Sn
aefel
lsnes
s 15
88
.28
232
8838
3 14
09
2896
92
2079
19
84
161
364
1.594
0.6
85
0.605
2.3
52
0.181
0.08
9 58
0 11
73
6 69
33
3
16
WPM
-THI
N OI
B (S
19)
03-2
20
Icelan
d Sn
aefel
lsnes
s 5
88.93
24
5 83
462
1344
29
1820
20
73
2067
15
6 45
8 1.6
11
0.708
0.5
91
2.483
0.1
47
0.2
1 23
14
84
17
1033
93
55
6
32
WPM
-THI
N OI
B (S
20)
SM-6
Az
ores
Sa
o Mige
l 26
87
.43
166
9461
0 14
69
2862
86
2062
17
06
161
308
1.552
0.5
96
0.564
2.1
80
0.268
0.05
3 34
1 5
243
16
19
2 5
WPM
-THI
N OI
B (S
20)
SM-1
0 Az
ores
Sa
o Mige
l 11
7 88
.58
184
8525
2 11
81
2877
85
1919
23
87
151
553
1.385
0.8
29
0.707
2.2
51
0.615
0.01
2 78
2
79
7 6
1 3
WPM
-THI
N OI
B (S
20)
SM-1
6 Az
ores
Sa
o Mige
l 12
2 89
.18
233
8108
2 10
94
2907
82
1812
23
12
149
672
1.349
0.7
95
0.645
2.2
34
0.689
0.02
2 14
8 3
100
10
26
1 3
WPM
-THI
N OI
B (S
20)
SM-3
6a
Azor
es
Sao M
igel
13
89.88
22
2 75
771
1140
29
2770
19
22
2605
13
9 52
5 1.5
04
0.890
0.6
74
2.537
0.3
68
0.1
0 9
761
12
481
26
40
3 13
W
PM-T
HIN
OIB
(S20
) SM
-36
Azor
es
Sao M
igel
75
87.91
17
0 89
944
1397
28
4715
23
57
1774
15
4 35
5 1.5
53
0.623
0.5
60
2.620
0.2
67
0.0
3 2
205
4 12
6 13
8
1 3
WPM
-THI
N OI
B (S
20)
SM-4
Az
ores
Sa
o Mige
l 4
88.20
17
7 87
865
1297
28
5844
18
87
1925
14
5 41
1 1.4
76
0.674
0.5
92
2.147
0.4
25
0.1
1 3
796
5 46
5 5
23
5 16
W
PM-T
HIN
OIB
(S20
) SM
-33
Azor
es
Sao M
igel
59
88.68
16
3 84
172
1269
28
7065
23
94
2159
14
9 41
4 1.5
08
0.752
0.6
33
2.844
0.3
59
0.0
2 2
175
3 12
1 17
14
1
3 W
PM-T
HIN
OIB
unpb
T-
18
Azor
es
Terce
ria
3 88
.45
199
8605
0 12
03
2867
61
1894
24
49
152
447
1.398
0.8
54
0.735
2.2
01
0.587
0.12
9 83
8 32
65
3 98
21
9 6
44
WPM
-THI
N OI
B un
pb
T-6
Azor
es
Terce
ria
43
88.73
24
3 84
248
1275
28
8597
18
97
2537
14
4 45
0 1.5
13
0.879
0.7
40
2.251
0.3
49
0.0
4 5
277
4 16
3 14
16
1
7 W
PM-T
HIN
OIB
(S21
) 12
03a -
038R
01W
Pa
cific
Ocea
n De
troit s
mt
57
89.53
34
4 78
587
1160
29
2482
18
37
2987
15
3 60
9 1.4
76
1.021
0.8
03
2.338
0.4
26
0.0
2 7
173
3 18
2 8
16
1 7
WPM
-THI
N OI
B (S
21)
1203
a -03
2R
Pacif
ic Oc
ean
Detro
it smt
13
89
.73
369
7692
4 11
20
2924
12
1813
30
25
151
628
1.456
1.0
34
0.796
2.3
57
0.467
0.07
14
520
9 49
5 10
32
2
16
WPM
-THI
CK
LIP
(S22
) BR
-2
Atlan
tic O
cean
Mu
ll isla
nd
17
87.25
34
4 96
138
1384
28
6280
20
00
2239
445
1.440
0.7
82
0.752
2.0
80
0.500
0.07
19
524
9 32
8 5
35
17
W
PM-T
HICK
LIP
(S
22)
BR-5
At
lantic
Oce
an
Mull i
sland
17
87
.99
421
9066
5 12
66
2890
61
1921
29
30
43
1 1.3
96
1.014
0.9
19
2.119
0.5
92
0.0
8 11
55
8 7
423
15
17
12
W
PM-T
HICK
LIP
(S
22)
BR-6
At
lantic
Oce
an
Mull i
sland
11
87
.83
435
9178
2 13
22
2881
14
1982
24
59
55
2 1.4
41
0.854
0.7
83
2.159
0.4
99
0.1
2 17
90
4 14
37
6 8
28
16
W
PM-T
HICK
LIP
(S
22)
BHL-
15
Atlan
tic O
cean
Mu
ll isla
nd
33
88.24
40
4 89
264
1333
29
1557
21
19
2386
510
1.493
0.8
18
0.730
2.3
74
0.391
0.04
7 32
6 5
230
3 17
7 W
PM-T
HICK
LIP
(S
22)
BHL-
19
Atlan
tic O
cean
Mu
ll isla
nd
16
87.83
46
3 92
074
1353
28
9015
21
51
2562
567
1.469
0.8
87
0.816
2.3
36
0.440
0.07
21
557
11
305
31
72
22
W
PM-T
HICK
LIP
(S
22)
BHL-
34
Atlan
tic O
cean
Mu
ll isla
nd
24
87.77
41
0 92
639
1335
28
9280
20
43
2655
476
1.441
0.9
18
0.850
2.2
05
0.499
0.05
10
396
6 25
9 5
22
13
W
PM-T
HICK
LIP
(S
22)
BCH-
14
Atlan
tic O
cean
Mu
ll isla
nd
10
86.50
46
1 10
1517
13
75
2829
42
1904
27
01
41
1 1.3
55
0.955
0.9
69
1.875
0.6
77
0.1
2 19
87
5 12
59
4 9
32
16
W
PM-T
HICK
LIP
(S
22)
BCH-
24
Atlan
tic O
cean
Mu
ll isla
nd
14
89.35
43
7 80
685
1195
29
4511
20
43
2912
654
1.482
0.9
89
0.798
2.5
33
0.414
0.09
6 68
8 11
49
5 16
28
14
WPM
-THI
CK
LIP
(S22
) BC
H-27
At
lantic
Oce
an
Mull i
sland
24
88
.90
426
8408
3 12
33
2929
30
2042
28
49
62
6 1.4
66
0.973
0.8
18
2.428
0.4
46
0.0
6 8
423
6 26
7 8
8
7 W
PM-T
HICK
LIP
(S
22)
BCH-
33
Atlan
tic O
cean
Mu
ll isla
nd
20
88.38
41
9 87
922
1262
29
0959
19
58
2782
550
1.435
0.9
56
0.841
2.2
27
0.510
0.06
10
434
7 29
5 7
16
9
WPM
-THI
CK
LIP
(S22
) AM
-7a
Atlan
tic O
cean
Mu
ll isla
nd
18
86.21
40
7 10
2948
14
38
2801
59
1956
23
96
32
8 1.3
97
0.855
0.8
80
1.900
0.5
90
0.0
6 13
43
0 7
303
20
18
11
W
PM-T
HICK
LIP
(S
22)
BB-2
2 At
lantic
Oce
an
Mull i
sland
12
86
.68
319
9973
1 13
45
2823
19
1621
25
49
38
5 1.3
49
0.903
0.9
00
1.626
0.6
90
0.1
2 53
78
5 19
65
4 12
1 63
32
WPM
-THI
CK
LIP
(S22
) B-
26
Atlan
tic O
cean
Mu
ll isla
nd
3 86
.66
450
9999
0 14
17
2826
39
2101
26
06
48
1 1.4
17
0.922
0.9
22
2.101
0.5
47
0.3
1 52
21
77
39
1420
33
97
75
WPM
-THI
CK
LIP
(S22
) B-
29
Atlan
tic O
cean
Mu
ll isla
nd
12
87.29
39
3 95
617
1355
28
5840
19
55
2696
448
1.417
0.9
43
0.902
2.0
44
0.547
0.09
21
613
10
532
13
23
15
W
PM-T
HICK
LIP
(S
23)
BB
Atlan
tic O
cean
Ba
ffin B
ay
1 92
.65
386
5570
9 89
8 30
5505
20
51
3450
11
8 82
8 1.6
13
1.129
0.6
29
3.682
0.1
43
0.0
0
W
PM-T
HICK
LIP
(S
24)
9597
6 At
lantic
Oce
an
Gree
nland
16
92
.05
487
6047
3 94
4 30
4500
18
94
3749
12
5 88
6 1.5
62
1.231
0.7
45
3.132
0.2
49
0.0
8 14
56
4 6
391
12
9 2
14
WPM
-THI
CK
LIP
(S24
) 27
141
Atlan
tic O
cean
Gr
eenla
nd
32
90.93
46
9 68
080
1032
29
6916
19
44
3499
13
6 84
8 1.5
15
1.178
0.8
02
2.856
0.3
44
0.0
5 14
39
0 4
286
11
14
1 16
W
PM-T
HICK
LIP
(S
24)
G-27
142
Atlan
tic O
cean
Gr
eenla
nd
21
91.06
37
9 67
782
1062
30
0460
18
72
3128
14
3 72
5 1.5
67
1.041
0.7
06
2.762
0.2
36
0.0
7 8
500
7 27
7 16
24
2
12
WPM
-THI
CK
LIP
unpb
Di
s-1
Atlan
tic O
cean
Di
sko
75
88.50
31
0 86
270
1329
28
8974
20
28
3006
468
1.541
1.0
40
0.897
2.3
50
0.292
0.03
6 21
7 3
142
8 6
5
WPM
-THI
CK*
LIP
(S10
) 11
85A
9R 2
92-9
6 Pa
cific
Ocea
n On
tong J
ava P
latea
u 80
87
.36
250
9424
2 14
63
2835
14
2121
21
56
167
377
1.553
0.7
60
0.717
2.2
50
0.267
0.02
3 15
7 3
124
6 7
1 3
WPM
-THI
CK*
LIP
(S10
) 11
87A
10R
7 46-
49
Pacif
ic Oc
ean
Onton
g Jav
a Plat
eau
15
88.76
26
9 83
907
1115
28
8325
15
84
3313
15
2 74
3 1.3
28
1.149
0.9
64
1.887
0.7
31
0.0
8 6
604
8 36
2 15
48
2
30
WPM
-THI
CK*
LIP
(S10
) 11
87A
6R 6
116-
119
Pacif
ic Oc
ean
Onton
g Jav
a Plat
eau
4 89
.33
292
7992
8 12
02
2913
33
1910
24
48
157
506
1.504
0.8
40
0.672
2.3
90
0.367
0.07
25
377
7 70
4 32
70
3
41
WPM
-THI
CK
LIP
(S25
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3-9
Afric
a Ka
roo
21
88.28
33
3 87
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2681
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5 83
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19
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9 37
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32
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19
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0.5
16
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11
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17
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W
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12
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0.412
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9 42
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26
3 12
W
PM-T
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16
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21
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44
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49
3
17
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3507
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0 78
4 1.3
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51
1.849
0.6
21
0.0
3 4
188
3 12
5 3
24
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54
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56
1.824
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49
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387
6 21
7 3
21
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WPM
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0.646
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2 20
3 3
149
3 13
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PM-T
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3 77
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1057
29
1517
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0.673
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0.649
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10
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8 37
3 6
39
15
W
PM-T
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6 5
203
4 22
8 W
PM-T
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1.806
0.6
89
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305
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7 4
19
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WPM
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39
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W
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28
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20
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397
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0 19
13
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9 W
PM-T
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W
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26
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29
2513
15
31
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15
7 66
7 1.3
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1.898
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347
6 20
6 9
33
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WPM
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8 11
25
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349
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3 10
22
6 W
PM-T
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29
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19
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0.664
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14
W
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28
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16
4 65
6 1.3
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2.005
0.6
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5 18
9 9
11
1 7
WPM
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Hawa
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4 12
41
2874
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1877
26
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2 1.3
77
0.932
0.8
39
2.083
0.6
30
0.0
8 7
561
9 38
5 29
21
13
WPM
-THI
CK
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(S30
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-149
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Hawa
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190
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4 12
58
2895
28
1908
26
55
54
8 1.3
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0.917
0.8
39
2.086
0.6
34
0.0
6 8
414
7 26
7 14
19
7 W
PM-T
HICK
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6 82
064
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29
2116
16
40
3079
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54
0.865
1.9
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0.641
0.06
4 42
3 7
272
21
23
13
W
PM-T
HICK
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24
4 84
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1154
29
1029
16
48
3036
15
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3 1.3
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1.043
0.8
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1.943
0.6
65
0.0
4 4
288
3 21
1 9
14
1 8
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S30
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Hawa
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una K
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88
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213
8827
1 11
93
2897
85
1648
29
40
62
7 1.3
51
1.014
0.8
95
1.867
0.6
85
0.0
7 8
530
8 34
7 20
40
16
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S30
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Hawa
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una K
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SDP2
46
87
.98
218
8982
2 12
17
2861
90
1668
29
33
62
9 1.3
55
1.025
0.9
21
1.857
0.6
77
0.0
4 5
282
4 18
5 11
16
7 W
PM-T
HICK
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30)
SR-1
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waii
Maun
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36
88.95
24
1 83
748
1123
29
3387
15
46
3210
696
1.340
1.0
94
0.916
1.8
45
0.707
0.05
4 35
2 6
214
16
26
11
W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
30)
SR-1
84-3
.0 Ha
waii
Maun
a Kea
, HSD
P2
4 89
.35
201
8022
2 11
15
2930
05
1746
30
96
165
513
1.390
1.0
57
0.848
2.1
76
0.604
0.29
10
2119
9
1187
81
8
6 9
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S30
) SR
-188
-6.5
Hawa
ii Ma
una K
ea, H
SDP2
6
89.55
24
0 78
725
1053
29
3534
15
41
3340
15
2 55
6 1.3
38
1.138
0.8
96
1.958
0.7
12
0.1
5 10
11
09
25
654
48
213
6 30
W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
30)
SR-2
60-8
.5 Ha
waii
Maun
a Kea
, HSD
P2
5 89
.73
267
7739
6 10
04
2941
14
1434
38
47
134
590
1.297
1.3
08
1.012
1.8
52
0.797
0.13
9 98
0 11
56
7 14
53
6
14
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S30
) SR
-277
-7.5-
8.0
Hawa
ii Ma
una K
ea, H
SDP2
2
90.86
19
8 69
347
906
2998
34
1361
36
93
146
380
1.307
1.2
32
0.854
1.9
63
0.777
0.14
13
999
0 70
9 11
55
1
38
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S30
) SR
-291
-3.0-
3.8
Hawa
ii Ma
una K
ea, H
SDP2
38
89
.24
201
8111
4 11
15
2926
28
1645
33
27
149
603
1.374
1.1
37
0.922
2.0
28
0.637
0.04
7 31
6 4
210
12
18
1 12
W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
30)
SR-2
98-6
.0 Ha
waii
Maun
a Kea
, HSD
P2
27
89.03
24
7 82
446
1102
29
1201
15
75
3328
14
9 66
4 1.3
37
1.143
0.9
42
1.910
0.7
15
0.0
6 6
424
8 23
6 10
49
2
11
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S30
) SR
-308
-0-0
.6 Ha
waii
Maun
a Kea
, HSD
P2
12
89.10
27
7 81
993
1099
29
1738
15
57
3478
15
1 63
9 1.3
40
1.192
0.9
77
1.899
0.7
07
0.1
3 6
952
17
611
26
108
3 8
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S30
) SR
-310
-2.4-
2.8
Hawa
ii Ma
una K
ea, H
SDP2
70
89
.51
265
7943
7 10
82
2947
97
1548
33
05
150
742
1.362
1.1
21
0.891
1.9
49
0.662
0.03
3 19
2 3
130
2 14
1
5 W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
30)
SR-3
19-7
.5 Ha
waii
Maun
a Kea
, HSD
P2
42
89.02
25
7 82
543
1097
29
1302
15
51
3384
15
3 68
0 1.3
29
1.162
0.9
59
1.879
0.7
30
0.0
4 5
316
5 20
2 5
26
1 10
W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
30)
SR-3
32-9
.8-10
.0 Ha
waii
Maun
a Kea
, HSD
P2
7 90
.31
222
7333
6 98
1 29
7371
14
76
4121
13
7 48
7 1.3
38
1.386
1.0
16
2.013
0.7
11
0.1
4 9
1015
15
62
3 15
11
2 2
21
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S30
) SR
-335
-3.2-
3.4
Hawa
ii Ma
una K
ea, H
SDP2
55
89
.89
286
7596
6 10
37
2937
64
1500
33
45
149
785
1.365
1.1
39
0.865
1.9
75
0.656
0.04
4 26
8 4
201
4 25
1
9 W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
30)
SR-3
37-3
.4-3.7
Ha
waii
Maun
a Kea
, HSD
P2
58
89.78
26
5 76
896
1041
29
4088
15
04
3344
15
0 74
0 1.3
54
1.137
0.8
74
1.956
0.6
78
0.0
4 5
318
4 18
7 6
25
1 10
W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
30)
SR-3
53-7
.2-7.4
Ha
waii
Maun
a Kea
, HSD
P2
62
88.01
22
9 89
908
1210
28
7179
16
60
3108
16
5 55
3 1.3
45
1.082
0.9
73
1.846
0.6
97
0.0
3 3
236
3 17
7 9
22
1 6
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S30
) SR
-361
-2.5-
2.8
Hawa
ii Ma
una K
ea, H
SDP2
26
89
.66
231
7798
5 10
50
2942
11
1498
35
12
148
602
1.346
1.1
94
0.931
1.9
21
0.695
0.04
5 28
6 4
173
5 12
1
11
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S30
) SR
-363
-7.0-
8.0
Hawa
ii Ma
una K
ea, H
SDP2
57
89
.03
228
8275
1 11
07
2923
65
1584
33
46
151
603
1.337
1.1
44
0.947
1.9
14
0.713
0.03
6 22
6 4
155
4 14
1
13
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S30
) SR
-375
-0.5-
1.0
Hawa
ii Ma
una K
ea, H
SDP2
20
89
.65
243
7802
7 10
48
2942
22
1534
34
68
146
738
1.343
1.1
79
0.920
1.9
67
0.702
0.06
8 44
4 6
244
6 32
1
11
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S30
) SR
-377
-6.7-
6.9
Hawa
ii Ma
una K
ea, H
SDP2
38
89
.36
276
7998
9 10
60
2923
96
1534
36
17
146
731
1.325
1.2
37
0.990
1.9
18
0.739
0.04
5 25
7 3
210
11
8 1
11
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S30
) SR
-382
-4.0-
4.4
Hawa
ii Ma
una K
ea, H
SDP2
19
88
.26
238
8764
8 11
66
2868
14
1619
32
56
156
660
1.330
1.1
35
0.995
1.8
47
0.728
0.08
11
561
8 32
0 9
28
2 24
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WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S30
) SR
-389
-1.8-
2.0
Hawa
ii Ma
una K
ea, H
SDP2
35
89
.76
303
7720
7 10
41
2944
10
1505
34
25
147
795
1.349
1.1
63
0.898
1.9
49
0.690
0.04
2 29
7 4
232
3 42
2
11
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S30
) SR
-565
-0.7
Hawa
ii Ma
una K
ea, H
SDP2
4
90.28
28
7 73
350
962
2963
80
1261
41
17
149
547
1.312
1.3
89
1.019
1.7
20
0.766
0.01
8 20
5 5
610
12
12
6 3
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S30
) SR
-682
-9.8-
10
Hawa
ii Ma
una K
ea, H
SDP2
50
88
.70
289
8469
0 11
38
2893
80
1576
32
12
158
723
1.343
1.1
10
0.940
1.8
61
0.701
0.03
4 24
2 4
163
6 17
1
5 W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
30)
SR-6
84-5
.0-5.5
Ha
waii
Maun
a Kea
, HSD
P2
28
88.91
28
4 83
330
1111
29
0795
15
50
3209
16
1 73
1 1.3
33
1.103
0.9
20
1.860
0.7
23
0.0
4 4
274
4 18
4 6
31
2 8
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S30
) SR
-690
-4.0
Hawa
ii Ma
una K
ea, H
SDP2
16
89
.67
307
7786
9 10
32
2941
48
1587
36
51
150
723
1.325
1.2
41
0.967
2.0
38
0.738
0.08
4 62
2 5
293
10
18
3 10
W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
30)
SR-6
94-3
.0-3.2
Ha
waii
Maun
a Kea
, HSD
P2
2 89
.01
278
8282
2 11
04
2920
28
1601
35
44
157
770
1.332
1.2
14
1.005
1.9
33
0.723
0.07
13
428
4 52
5 7
63
6 65
W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
30)
SR-9
30-9
.1 Ha
waii
Maun
a Kea
, HSD
P2
10
89.28
27
6 80
768
1122
29
2698
15
45
3395
15
5 69
5 1.3
89
1.160
0.9
37
1.913
0.6
05
0.1
0 9
746
10
575
27
85
3 27
W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
30)
SR-9
42-5
.7 Ha
waii
Maun
a Kea
, HSD
P2
40
88.14
22
9 88
920
1206
28
7592
14
68
3102
16
4 60
1 1.3
56
1.079
0.9
59
1.651
0.6
74
0.0
4 5
267
4 19
0 7
10
2 8
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S30
) SR
-954
-10.7
Ha
waii
Maun
a Kea
, HSD
P2
48
89.52
28
9 78
227
1059
29
0821
14
87
3631
14
7 77
9 1.3
53
1.249
0.9
77
1.900
0.6
80
0.0
3 4
212
3 15
3 2
13
1 5
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S30
) SR
-961
-14.0
Ha
waii
Maun
a Kea
, HSD
P2
44
89.44
26
1 79
445
1082
29
2711
15
06
3537
765
1.362
1.2
08
0.960
1.8
95
0.662
0.04
4 31
1 4
195
3 29
7 W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
30)
SR-9
62-1
8.1
Hawa
ii Ma
una K
ea, H
SDP2
66
89
.51
284
7902
9 10
75
2933
75
1488
35
80
152
773
1.361
1.2
20
0.964
1.8
82
0.665
0.03
4 20
8 3
147
3 15
1
5 W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
31)
KI-1
1 Ha
waii
Maun
a Kea
post
shiel
d 18
86
.98
132
9816
6 14
23
2854
90
2424
22
33
36
6 1.4
50
0.782
0.7
68
2.470
0.4
80
0.0
7 6
472
8 30
9 20
14
9 W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
31)
KI-8
Ha
waii
Maun
a Kea
post
shiel
d 9
88.26
18
1 89
202
1229
29
1934
18
32
2448
536
1.378
0.8
39
0.748
2.0
54
0.630
0.12
8 81
8 14
60
4 30
60
10
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S31
) KI
-4
Hawa
ii Ma
una K
ea po
st sh
ield
11
87.74
13
9 92
943
1295
28
9526
20
43
2588
446
1.393
0.8
94
0.831
2.1
98
0.598
0.11
9 79
1 11
49
9 68
30
18
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S31
) KI
-3
Hawa
ii Ma
una K
ea po
st sh
ield
8 88
.79
251
8497
9 11
50
2927
85
1590
29
16
65
4 1.3
53
0.996
0.8
46
1.871
0.6
80
0.1
2 11
90
1 17
59
5 29
10
0
13
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S31
) KI
-3(n
) Ha
waii
Maun
a Kea
, pos
t shie
ld 5
88.82
23
4 84
025
1145
29
0374
15
62
2951
15
9 64
2 1.3
62
1.016
0.8
54
1.859
0.6
61
0.2
1 11
15
10
28
1002
68
13
4 3
20
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S32
) Ko
o-10
Ha
waii
Koola
u, Ma
kapu
u 7
87.13
17
9 96
799
1263
28
5148
12
74
2967
479
1.305
1.0
40
1.007
1.3
16
0.780
0.14
7 10
30
10
495
8 24
8 W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
32)
Koo-
17a
Hawa
ii Ko
olau,
Maka
puu
19
89.11
24
1 82
175
1085
29
2709
11
99
3910
613
1.321
1.3
36
1.098
1.4
59
0.747
0.08
6 54
1 11
41
7 13
98
12
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S32
) Ko
o-19
a Ha
waii
Koola
u, Ma
kapu
u 43
88
.82
248
8427
6 11
11
2912
60
1257
37
07
61
0 1.3
18
1.273
1.0
73
1.492
0.7
53
0.0
4 4
275
5 17
0 8
36
6
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S32
) Ko
o-30
a Ha
waii
Koola
u, Ma
kapu
u 2
86.74
18
0 99
604
1348
28
3591
13
54
3505
404
1.353
1.2
36
1.231
1.3
60
0.681
0.04
11
459
8 36
2 32
47
21
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S32
) Ko
o-49
Ha
waii
Koola
u, Ma
kapu
u 34
89
.00
235
8300
5 10
96
2921
94
1272
38
03
57
9 1.3
20
1.302
1.0
80
1.532
0.7
48
0.0
3 5
227
6 21
2 7
37
10
W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
32)
Koo-
55
Hawa
ii Ko
olau,
Maka
puu
41
88.52
21
5 87
012
1156
29
2015
12
94
3584
557
1.329
1.2
27
1.068
1.4
88
0.731
0.03
5 21
3 4
165
6 18
7 W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B un
pb
S10(
i) Ha
waii
Koola
u, Ma
kapu
u 23
86
.78
194
9874
5 12
89
2819
59
1239
31
29
171
475
1.306
1.1
10
1.096
1.2
54
0.751
0.04
3 30
7 5
213
6 35
1
6 W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B un
pb
S10(
ii) Ha
waii
Koola
u, Ma
kapu
u 2
87.86
23
0 90
851
1142
28
6085
11
94
4503
16
9 48
2 1.2
57
1.574
1.4
30
1.314
0.8
79
0.3
5 3
2433
12
16
67
21
149
5 24
W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
33)
R8-1
.1-11
97.1
Hawa
ii Ko
olau,
KSDP
23
88
.67
248
8515
7 11
36
2899
45
1366
35
16
152
620
1.334
1.2
13
1.033
1.6
04
0.720
0.04
6 29
9 5
323
14
49
2 7
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S34
) LO
-02-
04
Hawa
ii Lo
ihi sm
t 28
87
.70
236
9199
3 12
83
2853
14
1984
27
53
52
8 1.3
94
0.965
0.8
88
2.156
0.5
95
0.0
5 7
395
7 24
8 22
29
10
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S34
) LO
-02-
02
Hawa
ii Lo
ihi sm
t 19
88
.29
219
8815
2 12
33
2890
83
2036
28
11
54
2 1.3
99
0.972
0.8
57
2.309
0.5
85
0.0
7 5
515
8 28
2 66
35
17
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S35
) 15
8-9
Hawa
ii Lo
ihi sm
t 44
89
.15
239
8197
7 11
66
2929
71
1781
31
00
65
9 1.4
23
1.058
0.8
67
2.172
0.5
36
0.0
3 5
193
3 13
1 15
12
6 W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
35)
186-
5 Ha
waii
Loihi
smt
3 89
.43
309
7963
7 11
31
2933
26
2015
28
79
71
2 1.4
20
0.981
0.7
82
2.531
0.5
42
0.3
4 14
24
15
45
1594
84
12
3
51
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S35
) 18
7-1
Hawa
ii Lo
ihi sm
t 7
89.67
30
3 78
190
1095
29
5195
17
74
3242
679
1.401
1.0
98
0.859
2.2
69
0.582
0.12
16
898
14
488
36
121
29
W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
36)
M234
3-7
Hawa
ii Lo
ihi sm
t 9
88.14
21
5 89
237
1319
28
8692
21
94
2742
483
1.478
0.9
50
0.848
2.4
59
0.421
0.13
17
973
14
586
26
11
12
W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
36)
M233
5-12
Ha
waii
Loihi
smt
13
89.44
25
8 79
807
1143
29
4008
18
87
3091
683
1.432
1.0
51
0.839
2.3
65
0.516
0.08
11
619
11
378
29
28
23
W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
36)
M234
0-3
Hawa
ii Lo
ihi sm
t 3
87.56
22
2 93
624
1291
28
6763
19
11
3023
511
1.379
1.0
54
0.987
2.0
41
0.628
0.32
26
2393
37
12
03
88
156
39
W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
36)
M234
3-10
Ha
waii
Loihi
smt
37
87.16
21
0 95
978
1382
28
3538
22
72
2781
350
1.440
0.9
81
0.941
2.3
67
0.500
0.03
5 18
6 4
157
11
8
8 W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
36)
M234
3-8
Hawa
ii Lo
ihi sm
t 5
88.16
21
1 88
961
1295
28
8238
21
80
2804
434
1.456
0.9
73
0.865
2.4
50
0.468
0.13
37
914
11
569
51
9
36
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S36
) M2
340-
1 Ha
waii
Loihi
smt
3 88
.21
279
8834
6 12
21
2876
78
1899
29
62
62
0 1.3
82
1.030
0.9
10
2.149
0.6
20
0.1
7 40
13
40
14
269
43
99
28
W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
36)
MK23
37-4
Ha
waii
Loihi
smt
19
87.11
22
4 96
131
1351
28
2756
18
26
2823
468
1.405
0.9
98
0.960
1.9
00
0.573
0.07
10
524
10
364
43
18
11
W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
36)
M234
3-9
Hawa
ii Lo
ihi sm
t 17
87
.09
228
9672
6 13
58
2839
61
2223
25
77
44
5 1.4
04
0.908
0.8
78
2.298
0.5
76
0.0
8 6
585
12
312
64
40
10
W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
36)
M234
3-5
Hawa
ii Lo
ihi sm
t 3
88.87
21
7 83
863
1242
29
1338
22
11
2792
504
1.481
0.9
58
0.804
2.6
36
0.416
0.30
19
2098
23
15
55
74
36
30
W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
36)
M233
6-5
Hawa
ii Lo
ihi sm
t 10
86
.86
220
9850
9 13
85
2832
69
2150
26
95
38
5 1.4
06
0.951
0.9
37
2.183
0.5
70
0.1
0 9
734
13
499
44
56
14
W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
36)
M233
6-4
Hawa
ii Lo
ihi sm
t 21
87
.57
235
9349
6 12
98
2865
00
1996
27
14
53
4 1.3
88
0.947
0.8
86
2.135
0.6
08
0.0
6 5
425
9 30
4 27
20
14
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S36
) M2
338-
5 Ha
waii
Loihi
smt
5 88
.54
231
8629
0 12
21
2902
33
2311
31
49
42
3 1.4
14
1.085
0.9
36
2.679
0.5
53
0.1
9 12
13
56
27
891
22
67
4
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S36
) M2
336-
7 Ha
waii
Loihi
smt
6 87
.20
200
9550
0 13
68
2830
74
2372
25
00
35
4 1.4
33
0.883
0.8
43
2.483
0.5
16
0.1
8 20
13
41
16
790
66
96
29
W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
36)
M233
5-R
Hawa
ii Lo
ihi sm
t 22
89
.42
232
7964
9 11
43
2929
60
1962
30
15
64
1 1.4
35
1.029
0.8
20
2.463
0.5
11
0.0
6 7
391
9 37
9 35
32
15
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S36
) M2
335-
2 Ha
waii
Loihi
smt
5 87
.41
196
9404
8 13
34
2840
70
2341
28
70
32
6 1.4
18
1.010
0.9
50
2.489
0.5
46
0.1
9 4
1438
27
65
9 49
72
19
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S36
) M2
335-
8 Ha
waii
Loihi
smt
23
86.21
19
2 10
3052
14
62
2803
46
2559
24
38
29
8 1.4
19
0.870
0.8
96
2.483
0.5
45
0.0
6 6
420
8 28
0 39
61
11
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S36
) M2
343-
4 Ha
waii
Loihi
smt
13
87.93
20
7 90
549
1334
28
6982
20
45
2715
428
1.473
0.9
46
0.857
2.2
58
0.432
0.09
17
674
12
429
123
42
25
W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B un
pb
5328
Ha
waii
Kaua
i-Hae
na
1 88
.92
259
8303
9 10
46
2899
96
1401
38
74
55
4 1.2
59
1.336
1.1
09
1.687
0.8
75
0.0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0 W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B un
pb
0433
c-033
R Pa
cific
Ocea
n Su
iko sm
t 11
88
.46
326
8637
1 11
56
2879
78
1559
33
70
162
655
1.338
1.1
70
1.011
1.8
05
0.711
0.08
9 61
0 9
530
21
19
2 13
W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B un
pb
0433
c-024
R Pa
cific
Ocea
n Su
iko sm
t 21
86
.77
280
9805
4 12
94
2798
60
1627
29
43
174
552
1.319
1.0
51
1.031
1.6
59
0.750
0.06
7 46
0 7
317
12
37
2 12
W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
37)
LG-9
9-58
At
lantic
Oce
an
La G
omer
a 5
89.13
25
2 81
918
1209
29
2195
19
05
2839
15
5 47
7 1.4
76
0.972
0.7
96
2.326
0.4
25
0.1
0 11
71
2 6
557
46
160
3 12
W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
37)
GC-9
8-59
At
lantic
Oce
an
Gran
Can
aria
5 89
.46
221
7978
0 11
82
2946
70
1711
30
46
153
464
1.481
1.0
34
0.825
2.1
44
0.415
0.14
5 87
1 7
1514
37
96
3
6 W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
37)
GC-9
8-35
At
lantic
Oce
an
Gran
Can
aria
5 89
.21
180
8115
2 11
96
2918
39
1753
29
97
153
434
1.474
1.0
27
0.833
2.1
61
0.430
0.16
8 10
22
23
1094
60
20
9 4
15
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S37
) GC
-126
5 At
lantic
Oce
an
Gran
Can
aria
3 89
.56
171
7862
9 12
19
2936
71
2085
27
05
152
367
1.551
0.9
21
0.724
2.6
52
0.271
0.23
19
1481
21
17
05
81
45
1 37
W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
38)
953C
-101
R-5 1
16-1
23
Atlan
tic O
cean
Gr
an C
anar
ia 5
88.23
19
7 87
674
1202
28
6031
13
52
3547
15
4 48
6 1.3
71
1.240
1.0
87
1.542
0.6
44
0.1
7 8
1214
18
77
5 44
71
4
13
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S38
) 95
3C-9
3R-0
5 13-
21
Atlan
tic O
cean
Gr
an C
anar
ia 14
88
.67
222
8479
5 11
61
2886
63
1447
34
71
152
518
1.369
1.2
03
1.020
1.7
06
0.648
0.08
3 55
5 8
335
6 39
3
10
Sobo
lev
et a
l, Su
ppor
ting
Onl
ine
Mat
eria
l ww
w.sc
ienc
emag
.org
/cgi
/con
tent
/full/
1138
113/
DC
1
20 A
PRIL
200
7 VO
L 31
6 SC
IEN
CE
ww
w.s
cien
cem
ag.o
rg
S9
GROU
P Ge
odyn
amic
settin
g Re
feren
ces
Samp
le Ge
ogra
phic
Lo
cality
N
Fo
Al pp
m Fe
ppm
Mn pp
m Mg
ppm
Ca pp
m Ni
ppm
Co pp
m Cr
ppm
100*
Mn/F
e 10
0*Ni
/Mg
Ni/(M
g/Fe)
/1000
10
0Ca/F
e X
px M
n/Fe
STE
Fo w
t% A
l ppm
Fe
ppm
Mn pp
m Mg
ppm
Ca pp
m Ni
ppm
Co pp
m Cr
ppm
WPM
-THI
CK
OIB
(S38
) 95
3C-9
3R-0
6 45-
55
Atlan
tic O
cean
Gr
an C
anar
ia 4
82.31
16
7 12
8922
17
48
2610
52
1930
24
85
187
219
1.356
0.9
52
1.227
1.4
97
0.674
0.20
12
1377
18
90
8 61
74
5
6 W
PM-T
HICK
OI
B (S
38)
953C
-93R
-4 18
-24
Atlan
tic O
cean
Gr
an C
anar
ia 5
87.75
18
1 91
591
1300
28
5495
16
02
3239
16
8 41
6 1.4
19
1.135
1.0
39
1.749
0.5
44
0.1
8 13
12
84
16
702
53
180
3 26
KO
MATI
ITES
KO
MATI
ITES
(S
39)
MUN-
24
Cana
da
Munr
o 2.7
Ga
65
92.34
39
2 58
523
925
3070
10
1562
33
16
14
41
1.580
1.0
80
0.632
2.6
69
0.210
0.03
4 22
3 4
182
4 4
6
KOMA
TIIT
ES
KOMA
TIIT
ES
(S39
) MU
N-41
4 Ca
nada
Mu
nro 2
.7 Ga
63
89
.42
254
8021
8 12
38
2948
87
1625
29
42
73
2 1.5
43
0.998
0.8
00
2.026
0.2
88
0.0
3 3
205
4 16
6 5
5
8 KO
MATI
ITES
KO
MATI
ITES
(S
39)
Ch-1
1a
Cana
da
Munr
o 2.7
Ga
32
88.82
29
9 84
803
1339
29
3033
16
45
3034
791
1.579
1.0
35
0.878
1.9
40
0.212
0.04
5 32
7 7
214
8 6
16
KO
MATI
ITES
KO
MATI
ITES
(S
40)
M-62
6 Ca
nada
Al
exo 2
.7 Ga
11
92
.81
334
5513
2 86
2 30
9510
14
90
3461
1299
1.5
64
1.118
0.6
17
2.703
0.2
43
0.1
0 7
772
13
474
7 10
20
KOMA
TIIT
ES
KOMA
TIIT
ES
(S40
) M-
767
Cana
da
Alex
o 2.7
Ga
8 93
.53
390
4982
9 80
1 31
3247
14
84
3481
1308
1.6
07
1.111
0.5
54
2.978
0.1
55
0.1
4 14
10
82
13
575
10
41
30
KO
MATI
ITES
KO
MATI
ITES
(S
40)
M-66
6 Ca
nada
Al
exo 2
.7 Ga
33
94
.30
421
4388
1 71
9 31
5979
14
84
3353
1263
1.6
38
1.061
0.4
66
3.381
0.0
91
0.0
5 9
404
5 27
4 5
6
20
KOMA
TIIT
ES
KOMA
TIIT
ES
(S41
) MZ
-4
Zimba
bwe
Belin
gwe 2
.7 Ga
9
92.60
36
1 56
373
885
3071
89
1494
36
30
128
1327
1.5
71
1.182
0.6
66
2.651
0.2
30
0.1
1 10
79
6 13
47
7 6
8 2
32
KOMA
TIIT
ES
KOMA
TIIT
ES
(S42
) G-
21
Cana
da
Gilm
our 1
.9 Ga
15
92
.03
359
6084
1 94
8 30
5902
17
62
3351
1058
1.5
58
1.095
0.6
67
2.897
0.2
56
0.0
8 8
626
9 32
7 11
18
25
KOMA
TIIT
ES
KOMA
TIIT
ES
(S42
) G-
18
Cana
da
Gilm
our 1
.9 Ga
2
91.83
35
2 62
561
968
3058
04
1787
33
04
10
71
1.547
1.0
80
0.676
2.8
56
0.278
0.36
3 26
62
46
1468
14
35
38
KOMA
TIIT
ES
KOMA
TIIT
ES
(S42
) G-
15
Cana
da
Gilm
our 1
.9 Ga
63
88
.74
222
8527
7 12
81
2924
37
1796
21
90
65
2 1.5
03
0.749
0.6
39
2.106
0.3
71
0.0
4 3
263
4 15
6 2
3
5 KO
MATI
ITES
KO
MATI
ITES
(S
42)
G-8a
Ca
nada
Gi
lmou
r 1.9
Ga
70
88.67
24
4 85
637
1284
29
1770
17
93
2617
675
1.500
0.8
97
0.768
2.0
94
0.377
0.03
6 20
9 3
124
3 5
9
KOMA
TIIT
ES
KOMA
TIIT
ES
(S43
) GO
R-94
-19
Gorg
ona
Gorg
ona 0
.9 Ga
71
91
.44
549
6460
7 10
51
3004
52
2140
35
93
92
0 1.6
26
1.196
0.7
73
3.313
0.1
15
0.0
2 4
126
2 11
7 2
5
5 KO
MATI
ITES
KO
MATI
ITES
(S
43)
GOR9
4-35
Go
rgon
a Go
rgon
a 0.9
Ga
13
92.58
53
3 56
770
930
3083
31
2120
34
47
11
67
1.638
1.1
18
0.635
3.7
34
0.090
0.08
10
613
11
396
10
16
41
KO
MATI
ITES
KO
MATI
ITES
(S
43)
GOR9
4-34
Go
rgon
a Go
rgon
a 0.9
Ga
27
91.50
47
3 64
764
1042
30
3202
22
74
3247
1003
1.6
09
1.071
0.6
94
3.511
0.1
50
0.0
5 12
40
2 7
256
12
12
15
KO
MATI
ITES
KO
MATI
ITES
(S
43)
GOR9
4-32
Go
rgon
a Go
rgon
a 0.9
Ga
18
92.79
54
4 54
632
907
3059
20
2121
34
82
11
95
1.661
1.1
38
0.622
3.8
82
0.043
0.07
18
527
9 26
6 12
10
29
Note
s for
Tab
le S2
a. Co
ncen
tratio
ns an
d stan
dard
erro
rs of
mean
(STE
) are
show
n for
elem
ents
in pp
m an
d for
Fo i
n mol%
. N-
numb
er o
f ave
rage
d hig
h-Mg
oliv
ines (
see
text fo
r defi
nition
). Sa
mples
mar
ked
(i) a
nd (i
i) re
pres
ent d
iffere
nt co
mpos
itiona
l gro
ups o
f oliv
ine w
ithin
the sa
me sa
mple.
Sam
ples m
arke
d (n
) rep
rese
nt an
add
itiona
l inde
pend
ent p
opula
tion
of oli
vines
analy
zed f
or th
e sam
e sam
ple. R
efere
nces
inclu
de sa
mples
desc
riptio
n, un
pb- u
npub
lishe
d. *-
Onton
g Jav
a Plat
eau s
ample
s wer
e arb
itrary
class
ified a
s WPM
-THI
CK, b
ut ac
tually
may
belon
g to W
PM-T
HIN
at the
time o
f form
ation
.