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Employers and Workers Participation in Work-injury

Management and Return-to-Work in theManufacturing Industry: A Pilot Study

Siew Wei Fern & Associate Prof. Stephen Periathamby Ambu



Overview

Each year, at least 268 million non-fatalworkplace accidents occur (World injuryand fatality statistics, 2005).

Out of ~ 10million workers registered inMalaysia, 30 thousand workers from theindustrial sector were involved in accidentsat workplace, resulting in the lost of abilityand lives (SOCSO, 2003).



Overview

SOCSO also released a figure of paid out of over

RM 1 billion in compensation for industrial accidentsand occupational diseases in 2007 (Lee, 2008).



Problem statement

´There is no comprehensive study on

injured workers RTW followingworkplace injury in

Malaysiaµ.



Problem statement However there is a RTW programme

initiated by SOCSO in January 2007

This programme is new in Malaysia, butRTW has been practiced in Australia

for 65 years and in Europe for morethan 50 years



Problem statement Over the years, Malaysia has focused

so much on compensation and does

not look at the other aspect ofrehabilitation

We need to look at ability and not the

disability



Problem statement

The SOCSO RTW programme onlycontribute about 40% of involvementtowards nation·s effort on RTW for

workers who sustained injuries or illnesswhile at work (Ahmad Kamal, 2008).

??contribution to RTW

programme bykey stakeholders ² no figures / studiesavailable



Problem statement

One of the aims of OSHA 1994:

Section 4(c):

to promote an occupational environment for

persons at work which is adapted to their

physiological & psychological needs

Over the years ² there has been vast

changes in the agenda for occupational,safety and health actions:

>> ´Paradigm of change in OSH Managementµ



??

Hierarchy of Control



Problem statement

When an injury takes place at work involving a

worker ² what·s the next course of action?

How many companies or organisationsactually focus on the process of following

through the injured workers· recovery andassisting them toward early return to work?

Do they have in place with them policiesand procedures to get injured workers back to work as soon as possible?



Problem statement

How well are workers guided through theprocesses from the time of their injury to thetime they return to work?

Are the workers guaranteed their pre-injury work or are there any job relocation install for them?

Do the workers have knowledge on the proper

procedures on how to obtain assistance or counselling over these matters?



Problem statement

There is relatively lack of information onwork-injury and RTW managementprogrammes from our work industries and

what are the best practices fostered by theindustries.

There is lack of integrated process to get aninjured worker back to work that takes into

account multiple factors.



Pilot Study



Objectives of study

[Within the manufacturing industry in Selangor]

1. To determine the prevalence of return-to-work (RTW) to the same employer among

workers with employment injury.

2. To determine organisational practices

available to assist workers withemployment injury RTW.



Objectives of study

3. To analyse and record views of employers

and workers with employment injury on:

participation in work-injury management andRTW practices,

issues or problems encountered while

managing work-injury and RTW



Objectives of study

4. To make recommendations to address the

collaboration of key stakeholders in facilitating

rehabilitation of workers with employment injury

returning to a sustained employment.



Objectives of study

Why the manufacturing industry?



Research questions

1.W

hat is the percentage of workers withemployment injury returning to work with the same

employer?

2. What are the organisational practices available to

assist workers with employment injury returning towork?

3. What are the elements from the views of the

employers and workers with employment injury on

work-injury management and RTW that could beapplied to facilitate early return to sustained

employment.



Literature review

The prevalence of RTW:

30% of the working population will become

disabled and unable to work for six months at some

point in their lives (Dyck, 2000).

The longer the an injured worker is off work, the less

likely it is that he / she will ever return to productive

employment (Smith, 2006).

Those who have not returned to duty within 3

months of injury have less than 50% likelihood for

ever returning (Strong 2004; Barnett et al. 2008)



Literature review

Workers being away from work greater than 4

months have a 10% chance of returning (Louisiana

Worker·s Compensation Corporation, 2004)

In the United States, more than half a million workers

incur injuries or illnesses that disable them for at least

5 months. Almost half of these individuals never

return to work (Blackwell et al. 2003).



Literature review

General summary of findings:

Treating physicians are often not informedabout the injured worker·s job or different jobs

that could be assigned or offered to the worker while recovering.

Employers are often not informed aboutspecific changes that could or should be madein the workplace to accommodate the injuredworker and prevent injury.

Injured workers are often not informed aboutsteps, if any, that can or will be taken to helpthe worker return to work.



Literature review

More recently, the Royal College of Nursing (RCN)

included ¶develop rehabilitation programmes for

the sick or injured· within their stated aims of an

occupational health service,

andthe ability of the

occupational health nurse to manage the

rehabilitation process is recognised by the UK

National Board for Nursing, Midwifery and Health

Visiting and Department of Health (Oakley, 2008)



The Many Faces of ERTWThe Many Faces of ERTW

Own Occupation/

Any Occupation

Accommodations

Light Duty

Part-time

ProductivityTransitional Duty

Modified Duty

Alternative Work

Functional Capacity



Injured worker

Healthcare professional

Employer

Trade Union

SOCSO

Return to Work Yes No

Conceptual

framework

illustrating

collaboration of key

stakekeholders in the

work-injurymanagement and

RTW process.



Expected outcomesThe findings:

- act as a forerunner in the identification of the

actual needs for developing a good RTW

programme within the organisations in the work

industries in Malaysia, which would involve all keystakeholders. (Share findings with governmental /

statutory bodies )

- will also brings into perspective the necessity for

initiating long-term planning by human resource

management to address workplace injury

and RTW management.



Expected outcomes

- For other countries who are interested in

the direction of RTW in Malaysia, the

findings could serve as a source of

reference for them.



Thank you

Q & A



[email protected]

Contact: 019-3806706



References

Ahmad Kamal. 2008. Social Security Organisation benefits, added

services and promotional activities for the worker s (online) http://www.nkf.org.my/ppt/SOCSO.ppt (25 Nov 2008).

Blackwell, T.R., Leir er , S.J., Haupt, S. & Kampitsis, A. 2003. Pr edictor s

of vocational r ehabilitation r eturn to work outcomes in worker s

compensation. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin 46(2): 108-114.

Dyck, D. 2000. Disability management: Theory, strategy, and industry

practice. Toronto: Butterworth.

Lee, L.T. 2008. Socso Paid RM 1 Billion Compensation For Industrial Accident Last Year ± Lee Lam Thye. (online)

http://web6.bernama.com/ (18 November 2008).

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