Swine flu(H1N1)

SWINE FLU

CONTENT’S

About Swine flu. Causes of swine flu. Symptom’s.Treatment.About the drug. Prevention & precaution’s.Conclusion.

SWINE FLU

1) What is swine flu…?

Swine flu is a disease which caused by orthomyxovirus.

Swine flu is an acute and highly spreading by contact respiratory disease.

Swine flu is also called as hog flu (or) pig flu.

Now a days the swine influenza A [H1N1] virus that has infected in human. Normally this virus is resistant to the antiviral drugs & also resistant to vaccine.

1920 1940 1960 1980 2000

H1N1

H2N2H3N2

1918: “Spanish Flu” 1957: “Asian Flu” 1968: “Hong Kong Flu”

20-40 million deaths 1-4 million deaths 1-4 million deaths

The Influenza Virus

Classification :

Swine influenza is known to be caused by influenza A subtypes they are… 1) H1N1, 2) H1N2, 3) H3N1, 4) H3N2, 5) H2N3.

Reassortment in pigs

Reassortment in humans

Pandemic Influenza Virus

How it is caused and when…?Reassortment in birds

H1N1 is spread primarily through contact with an infected person like the common flu.

Routes of transmission are mainly through coughing or sneezing. Also, the virus can survive on contaminated surfaces for up to 2 hours.

What are the Symptoms of Swine Flu …?

According to the CDC, like seasonal flu, symptoms of swine flu infections can include:

Fever. Cough. Runny nose or stuffy nose. Sore throat. Body aches. Headache. Chills. Vomiting. Aching muscles. Mild respiratory.

Serious Symptoms of Swine Flu..,

Acute respiratory distress. Bluish or gray skin color. Eye infections. Pneumonia. Viral pneumonia. Inflammation of the brain &heart. Vomiting.

TREATMENT

Relenza [Zanamivir], Tami flu [Oseltamivir], amantidine (symmetrel), rimantadine (Flumadine) are currently one of the most powerful drugs against the Swine flu virus.

Treatment by 2 types. Isolation Anti-viral treatment.

Isolation Precautions

About the drug…,

GENERIC NAME : zanamivir

BRAND NAME : Relenza

DRUG CLASS AND MECHANISM : Zanamivir is a neuraminidase inhibitor. That prevents the spread of influenza A

and B viruses.The viruses responsible for the "flu."

Neuraminidase is an enzyme that is required by the influenza viruses to spread from infected cells to healthy cells

Zanamivir blocks the action of neuraminidase there by reducing the spread of influenza. Since the spread of the viruses is prevented,

The symptoms and duration of infection are reduced..

STORAGE: Store at room temperature, 15-30°C (59-86°F)

PREGNANCY: Zanamivir has not been adequately evaluated in pregnant women.

SIDE EFFECTS: The most frequent side effects are

headaches, nausea, cough, vomiting anddizziness

Ear, nose and throat infections may occur. Patients who have asthma or other breathing

problems do not use this drug.DOSING: Zanamivir is administered by oral inhalation. The recommended dose is two inhalations

(5 mg per inhalation) twice daily for five days.

• No vaccine available to protect humans from swine flu

• Vaccine for human seasonal influenza does not protect against H1N1 swine flu viruses due to antigenic differences, but may provide partial protection against swine H3N2 virus

vaccination

Preventive & Precautions measures of swine flu…?

If hot water is not available, use an alcohol-based hand gel.

Wash your hands frequently with soap & hot running water.

Get a regular seasonal flu vaccination.

Avoiding contact with ill persons.

Staying at home if you are sick, to avoid affecting others.

N-95 Filtering Masks

Surgical Masks

Personal Protective Equipment(PPE)

Preventive-measures

Preventive-measures

Conclusion

BE AWARE OF SWINE FLU (pig flu).......

Reference

For the most current information on the H1N1 influenza outbreak, visit http://www.cdc.gov/h1n1flu/

http://www.who.int/csr/disease/swineflu/en/index.html

International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. "The Universal Virus Database, version 4: Influenza A". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/00.046.0.01.html

a b c d e f "Swine influenza". The Merck Veterinary Manual. 2008. http://www.merckvetmanual.com/mvm/index.jsp?cfile=html/bc/121407.htm. Retrieved on April 30, 2009.

V Trifonov, H Khiabanian, B Greenbaum, R Rabadan (30 April 2009). "The origin of the recent swine influenza A(H1N1) virus infecting humans". Eurosurveillance 4 (17). http://www.eurosurveillance.org/images/dynamic/EE/V14N17/art19193.pdf.

Maria Zampaglione (April 29, 2009). "Press Release: A/H1N1 influenza like human illness in Mexico and the USA: OIE statement". World Organisation for Animal Health. http://www.oie.int/eng/press/en_090427.htm. Retrieved on April 29, 2009.

Swine influenza World Health Organization 27 April 2009

"Influenza A(H1N1) frequently asked questions". WHO.int. http://www.who.int/csr/disease/swineflu/faq/en/index.html. Retrieved on 2009-05-07.