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F

D. LABOR ORGANIZATION

1. POLICY

Art. 211(b) (c), Labor Code

2. DEFINITIONS

a. Labor organization

Art. 212(g), Labor Code

Defn.

Composition-

Purpose-

Airline Pilots Association of the Phils. V. CIR, 76 SCRA 274Dunlop etc. v. Sec. of Labor, 300 SCRA 120b. Legitimate labor organization

Art. 212(h), Labor Code

Defn

Mere affiliation of local or chapter not enough-

Basis of Legitimacy

Cebu Seamans Assn., Inc. v. Ferrer-Calleja, 212 SCRA 50Progressive Dev. Corp. v. Sec. DOLE, 205 SCRA 802San Miguel Foods, Inc. v. Laguesma, 263 SCRA 68Furusawa etc. v. Sec. of Labor, 282 SCRA 635Tagaytay Highlands etc. v. Tagaytay Highlands, etc. 395 SCRA 699c. Company union

Art. 212(i), Labor Code

d. Others

3. RATIONALE FOR UNIONIZATION

United Seamens Union v. Davao Shipowners Assn. 20 SCRA 1226University of Pangasinan v. NLRC, 218 SCRA 65

Mactan Workers Union v. Aboitiz, 45 SCRA 577

Guijarno v. CIR, 52 SCRA 307

Heirs of Cruz v. CIR, 30 SCRA 917

4. LABOR UNION AND GOVERNMENT REGULATION

a. Union registration and procedure

Requirements

Arts. 234,235 & 237, Labor Code

Requirements and Rationale

Progressive Dev. Corp. v. Sec. of Labor, 205 SCRA 802Phoenix Iron and Steel Corp. v. Sec. of Labor, 244 SCRA 173Protection Technology, Inc. v. Sec. DOLE, 242 SCRA 99Pagpalain Haulers, Inc. v. Trajano, 310 SCRA 364Effect on Guarantee of Freedom of Association

PAFLU v. Sec. of Labor, 27 SCRA 41

Question of legitimacy

Tagaytay Highlands International Golf Club, Inc. v. Tagaytay Highlands Employees Union, 395 SCRA 699b. Action or denial of application and remedy

Arts. 235-236, Labor Code

Progressive Dev. Corp. v. Laguesma, 271 SCRA

Vassar Industries Employees Union v. Estrella, 82 SCRA 280

Umali v. Lovina, 86 Phil. 313

Art. 236

Independent union, local chapter (operates at the enterprise level)

Labor Relations Division in the DOLE Regional Ofc>BLR>CA (Regional Director-BLR Director-CA)

National union & federation (operates in more than one region)

BLR>Secretary of DOLE>CA

c. Rights of legitimate labor organization

Arts. 242 & 212(h), Labor Code

Acedera v. International Container Services, Inc. 395 SCRA 103

Effect of Non-registration

Protection Technology Inc. v. Sec. of Labor and Employment, 242 SCRA 99

Sugbuanon Rural Bank , Inc. v. Laguesma, 324 SCRA 425

d. Cancellation of Union Certificate of Registration

Arts. 238-239; 241(j) last par., Labor Code

Tablante tongol v. Noriel, 84 SCRA 738Alliance of Democratic Labor Oranization v. Laguesma, 254 SCRA 565

Abbott Laboratories Phils. Inc. v. Employees Union, 323 SCRA 392Progressive Dev. Corp. v. Laguesma, 271 SCRATagaytay Highlands etc v. Tagaytay Highlands, etc. 395 SCRA 699e. Collateral Attack

Tagaytay Highlands etc. v. Tagaytay Highlands, etc. 395 SCRA 6995. INTERNATIONAL ACTIVITIES OF UNION-PROHIBITION AND REGULATIONArts. 269-271, Labor Code

6. UNION-MEMBER RELATIONS

Art. 241, Labor Code

a. Nature of Relationship

Heirs of Cruz v. CIR, 30 SCRA 917

Issues

Admission and discipline of members

Arts. 249(a) & 277(c), Labor Code

UST Faculty Union v. Bitonio, 318 SCRA 185

Salunga v. CIR, 21 SCRA 216

Retention of membership

Discipline

Villar v. Inciong, 121 SCRA 444

Due Process Rules

Arts. 279 & 277(b), Labor Code

Bugay v. Kapisanan ng mga Manggagawa sa MRR, 4 SCRA 487

Election officers-Qualifications, Manner of Election, Tenure and Compensation

Voters List

Tancinco v. Calleja, 157 SCRA 203

UST Faculty Union v. Bitonio, 318 SCRA 185

Disqualified Candidate

Manalad v. Trajano, 174 SCRA 322

Expulsion remedy

Kapasinan etyc. V. Trajano, 134 SCRA 236

Election invalid

Rodriguez v. Director, Bureau of Labor Relations, 165 SCRA 239Major policy matter (deliberative and decision-making right)Art. 241(d), Labor Code

Halili v. CIR, 136 SCRA 112

Union funds(rights over money matters)Arts. 241(b)(g)(h)(i)(j)(l)(m)(n)(o) & 274, Labor Code

Source-payment-attorneys fees

Pacific Banking Corp. v. Clave, 128 SCRA 112

Examination books


Duyag v. Inciong, 98 SCRA 522

Union dues

Rodriguez v. Director, Bureau of Labor Relations, 165 SCRA 239Source-payment-special assessmentArt. 241(m)(n)(o), Labor Code

Palacol v. Calleja, 182 SCRA 710

Gabriel v. Sec. of Labor, 328 SCRA 247

ABS-CBN Supervisors Employees Union Members v. ABS-CBN Broadcasting Corp. 304 SCRA 489

Natl Brewery and Allied Industries Labor Union v. SMC, 8 SCRA 805

A.L. Ammen Trans.Co. v. Bicol Transportation Employees Mutual Association, 91 Phil 649

Mandatory Activity

Art. 241(o), Labor Code

Definition

Vengco v. Trajano, 173 SCRA 155

CBA Negotiation

Galvadores v. Trajano, 144 SCRA 138

Union information(right to information)Art. 241(p), Labor Code

Union Officer-Obligation

Continental Cement Corp. Labor Union v. Continental Cement, 189 SCRA 134Enforcement and Remedies-Procedure and Sanctions

Arts. 241 last par. & 226, Labor Code

Jurisdiction-Exhaustion Internal Remedies

Rodriguez v. BLR, 165 SCRA 239

Villar v. Inciong, 121 SCRA 444

Diamonon v. DOLE, 327 SCRA 282(underlying principle of the rule on exhaustion of administrative remedies)

Remedy

Kapisanan ng Manggagawang Pinagyakap (KMP) v. Trajano, 134 SCRA 2367. UNION AFFILIATION:LOCAL AND PARENT UNION RELATIONS-

See also ILO Convention, No. 87, Art. 5

Affiliation: Purpose of: Nature of Relations

Art. 211(c), Labor Code

Nature relationship

Tropical Hut, etc. v. Tropical Hut Food Market, etc. 181 SCRA 173

FIlipino Pipe and Foundry Corp., 318 SCRA 68

Effect-legal personality

Adamson, etc. v. Adamson, etc. 127 SCRA 268

Supervisor-Rank and File Union Affiliation

Arts. 245 & 243, Labor Code

Rule-Affiliation

Atlas Lithographic Services, Inc. v. Laguesma, 205 SCRA 12

Adamson v. CIR, 127 SCRA 268

De la Salle University Medical Center v. Laguesma, 294 SCRALocal Union Disaffiliation

Nature Right DisaffiliationVolkschel Labor Union v. BLR, 137 SCRA 42

Malayang Samahan ,. Etc. v. Ramos, 326 SCRA 428

Phil. Labor Alliance Council v. BLR, 75 SCRA 162

Rule-Legality Act-DisaffiliationPhil. Skylanders Inc. v. NLRC, 375 SCRA 369

Alex Ferrer v. NLRC, 224 SCRA 410

Villar bv. Inciong, 121 SCRA 444

Liberty Cotton Mills Workers Union v. Liberty Cotton Mills, 66 SCRA 512E. UNION SECURITY

1. Statutory basis

Arts. 243 & 248(e) of the Labor Code

2. Financial Security

Agency Shop, Art. 248(e) of the Labor Code

Check-off, Arts. 113(b) of the Labor Code

Art. 241(m)(n)(o) of the Labor Code

3. Rationale

Juat v. CIR, 15 SCRA 391


4. Validity of Agreement and Effect on Freedom of Choice

Tanduay Distillery Labor Union v. NLRC, 149 SCRA 470

5. Contract Drafting and Interpretation of Provisions-Union Security

Rizal Labor Union v. Rizal Cement Co. Inc. 17 SCRA 858

Manila Cordage Co. v. CIR, 78 SCRA 398

6.Coverage-Worker Inclusion and Exclusion

Art. 248(e) of the Labor Code


7. Implementation-Obligation and Liabilities

Carino v. NLRC, 185 SCRA 177

Sanyo Phils. Workers Union v. Canizares, 211 SCRA 361

Malayang Samahan etc. v. M. Greenfield v. Ramos, 326 SCRA 428

F. THE APPROPRIATE BARGAINING UNIT

1. Law and Definition


International School Alliance v. Quisumbing, G.R. No. 128845, June 1, 2000

Univ. of Immaculate Concepcion, Inc. v. Secretary of Labor (Jan. 14, 2005)

Belyca Corporation v. Calleja, 168 SCRA 184

2. Determination of Appropriate Bargaining Unit

a. Factors in Unit Determination

In General-Standard Test

U.P. v. Ferrer-Calleja, 211 SCRA 451

History

San Miguel Corp. v. Laguesma, 236 SCRA 595

Geography-Location

Benguet Consolidated, Inc. and Balatoc Mining Co. v. Bobok Lumberjack Association, 103 Phil 1150

Corporate Entities

Indophil Textile Mills Workers Union v. Calica, 205 SCRA 697

San Miguel Corp. Employees Union v. Confesor, 262 SCRA 81

De la Salle, etc. v. De la Salle, etc., 330 SCRA 363

Management

Phil. Scouts Veterans, etc. v. Torres, 224 SCRA 682

b. Commonality/Community/Mutuality of Interests

c. Unit Severance and Globe Doctrine

Industrial/Craft Unions

Kapisanan ng mga Manggagawa sa Manila Railroad Co. v. Yard Crew Union, etc. 109 Phil 1143

Mechanical Department Labor Union v. CIR, 24 SCRA 925

d. Size of Unit and Effect on Self-Organization

Unit Scope and Self-Organization

Filoil Refinery Corp. v. Filoil Supervisory etc. 46 SCRA 512

Supervisor Unit

Dunlop Slazenger (Phils.) Inc. v. NLRC, 300 SCRA 120

e. Effect-Prior Agreement

General Rubber & Footwear Corp. v. BLR, 155 SCRA 283

3. Determining Agency


Agency and Finality of Order

Filoil Refinery Corp. v. Filoil Supervisory & Confidential Employees Association, 46 SCRA 512

4. Exclusive Bargaining Representative and Individual Union Members


GUNION REPRESENTATION; ESTABLISHING UNION MAJORITY STATUS

1. Policy

Rivera v. Espiritu, 374 SCRA 351

2. Pre-condition-Employer-Employee Relationship

Election-Pre-requisite

Allied Free Workers Union. Cia Maritima, 19 SCRA 2583. Methods of Establishing Majority Status

a. Purpose

Port Workers Union, etc. v. Laguesma, 207 SCRA 329

Reyes v. Trajano, 209 SCRA 484

Policy Consideration

Progressive Development Corp. v. Sec. of Labor, 205 SCRA 802

b. Elections-Certification Election; Consent Election; and Run-off ElectionDistinctions-Certification and Consent Elections

Warren Manufacturing Workers Union. BLR, 159 SCRA 387

Consent Elections

Algire v. De Mesa, 237 SCRA 647

c. Policy

No Direct Certification

Colgate Palmolive Phils v. Ople, 163 SCRA 323

Employer Certification

Samahang Manggagawa sa Premex v. Sec. of Labor, 286 SCRA 692

Effect One Union Only

George and Peter Lines, Inc. v. ALU, 134 SCRA 82

d. Religion/Past Non-Participation


e. Venue of Petition

Cruz Valle Inc. v. Laguesma, 238 SCRA 389

4. Certification Election Process

a. The Union as Initiating Party

Art. 242(b) & 212(h), Labor Code

a.1. Organized establishment

Art. 256, LC

a.2. Freedom period

Atlantic Gulf and Pacific Co. v. Laguesma, 212 SCRA 281

Colegio de San Juan v. Asociation of EES (G.R. No. 141471, Sep. 18, 2000)

Laguna Autoparts Manufacturing Corp. v. DOLE, April 29, 2005

b. Unorganized Establishment


c. The Employer as Initiating Party


d. Conducting Agency

Arts. 226, 232, 258 & 259, Labor Code

e. Requisites for Validity of election


f. Nature of Proceeding

g. Certification Election-Process and Procedure

g.1. Effect of private agreement

Plum Fed. Of Industrial and Agrarian workers v. Noriel, 119 SCRA 299

g.2. Posting Notice

g.3. Voting list and voters


g.4. Voting day

Asian Design and Manufacturing Corp. v. Calleja, 174 SCRA 477

g.5. Election Conduct

Hercules Industries, Inc. v. Sec. of DOLE, 214 SCRA 129

g.6. Protest

Timbungco v. Castro, 183 SCRA 140

g.7. Appeal

g.8. Annulment

Timbungco v. Castro, 183 SCRA 140

5. Certification of Designated Majority Union

Arts. 255 & 256, Labor Code

Majority Union

Militante v. NLAC, 246 SCRA 365

Trade Unions of the Phil., v. Laguesma, 236 SCRA 586

6. Bars to Certification Election

a. One Year Bar Rule

Period covered

R. Transport Corp. v. Laguesma, 227 SCRA 827

Kaisahan ng Manggagawang Pilipino v. Trajano, 201 SCRA 453

b. Deadlock Bar Rule

Requirements

National Congress of Unions in the Sugar Industry v. Trajano, 208 SCRA 78

No Deadlock

Divine Word University of Tacloban v. Sec. of Labor, 213 SCRA 759

c. Contract Bar Rule

History

Gen. Maritime Stevedores of the Phils. V. South Sea hipping Lines, 108 Phil 1112

Rule Statement

Samahan ng Manggagawa sa Premex v. Sec. of Labor, 286 SCRA 692

Barbizon Phils. Nagkakaisang Supervisor, 261 SCRA 738

Incomplete Contract

Buklod ng Saulog Transit v. Casalla, 99 Phil 16

Premature Contract

Samahan ng Manggagawa sa Pacific Plastic v. Laguesma, 267 SCRA 303

Exception

Port Workers Union etc. v. Undersecretary of Labor, 207SCRA 329

Not Registered CBA

Trade Unions of the Phils. V. Laguesma, 236 SCRA 586

Registered CBA

Assn. of Independent Union v. NLRC, 305 SCRA 219

Expired CBA

Collegio de San Juan de Letran v. Assn. of Employees etc. 340 SCRA 587

7. Suspension of Certification Election

Prejudicial Question Rule

Art. 248(d), Labor Code

B.F. Goodrich Phils., etc v. B.F. Goodrich Confidential and Salaried Employees Union, 49 SCRA 532

United CMC Textile Workers Union v. BLR, 128 SCRA 316

Party and Issue

Barrera v. CIR, 107 SCRA 596

United CMC Textiles, etc. V. BLR, 128 SCRA 316

8. Effect, Pending Petition, Cancellation Trade Union Registration


Association of Court of Appeals Employees v. Ferrer-Calleja, 203 SCRA 596

Progressive Dev. Corp. V. Laguesma, 271 SCRA 593

HCOLLECTIVE BARGAINING: PROCESS, PROCEDURES AND ISSUES

1. General concepts

Policy Declaration

Art. 211(a), LC

Sec. 3, Art. XIII, 1987 Constitution

Kiok Loy v. NLRC, 141 SCRA 179

Nature and Purpose

United Employees Union of Gelmart Industries, Phils. V. Noriel, 67 SCRA 267

Waiver

Rivera v. Espiritu, 374 SCRA 357

2. Bargainable issues

Art. 252, LC

3. Bargaining Procedure

Private Procedure

Art. 251, LC

Code Procedure

Arts. 250-251, 233, LC

Conciliation Procedure

Arts. 250(c,d,e), 233, LC

Duty to bargain

Arts. 25-0253, 242(c), LC

Meaning of duty

Associated Labor Unions v. Calleja, 173 SCRA 178

Kiok Loy v. NLRC

Deadlock

San Miguel Corp. v. NLRC, 304 SCRA 1

Minutes of Negotiation

Samahang Mangagawa sa Top Form etc. v. NLRC, 295 SCRA 171

Suspension of bargaining

Collegio de San Juan de Letran v. Assn. of Employees, etc. 340 SCRA 587

4. The Collective Bargaining Agreement

Definition

Contents

Effect sub-standard Contract

Art. 239(f), LC

Duration and Re-negotiation

Art. 253-A, LC

Grievance Procedure

Art. 260, LC

Registration-Period, Requirements and Actions

Art. 231, LC

Contract Beneficiaries

Art. 255,LC

Contract Administration and Enforcement

Nature of Contract

Mindanao Steel Corp. v. Minsteel Free Workers Organization etc., 424 SCRA 614

Grievance Procedure

Arts. 255, 260, LC

Dispute Settlement; Issues and Individual Grievance

Caltex Refinery Employees Assn., v. Brillantes, 279 SCRA 218

Contract Infirmity

ALU v. Calleja, 173 SCRA 179

Contract Duration and Renewals

Art. 253-A, LC

Mla Central Line Corp. v. Mla Central Line Free Workers Union, 290 SCRA 690

CBA and 3rd Party Applicability

Manlimos v. NLRC, 242 SCRA 145

CBA and Disaffiliation-Substitution Doctrine

Eliso-Elirol Labor Union v. Noriel, 80 SCRA 682

Effect Expiry

New Pacific Timber nd Supply Co., Inc. v. NLRC, 328 SCRA 404

IUNFAIR LABOR PRACTICE

Introductory Concepts

Definition and General Concept

Arts. 212(k), 247, LC

Sterling Products Int. Inc. v. Sol, 7 SCRA 446

Requisite Relationship

Sterling Products Int. Inc. v. Sol, 7 SCRA 446

Construction

Caltex Fil. Managers & Supervisors Assn. v. CIR, 44 SCRA 350

Law Nomenclature and Inter-relations of Acts of ULP

Arts. 212(k), 248-249,LC

Unfair Labor Practice: Employer and Labor Organization Acts Violating Right of self-organization

Interference, Restraint and Coercion

Arts. 248(a), 255, 277(g)(h), 249(a),LC

Non-Union Membership or Withdrawal from Membership as Condition of Employment

Art. 248(b),LC

Contracting Out to Discourage Unionism

Arts. 248(c), 106, LC

Company Domination Union

Art. 248(d), LC

Discrimination; Encouraging /Discouraging Unionism

Art. 248(e), LC

Retaliation Testimony Against Employer

Art. 248(f), LC

Exaction-Featherbedding

Art. 249(b), LC

Illustrative Cases:

Interrogation

Scotys Department Storev. Micaller, 99 Phil 762

Speech

The Insular Life Assurance Co. Ltd. Employees Assn. v. Insular Life Assurance Co., Ltd. 37 SCRA 244

Espionage


Economic Coercion and Inducement


Discrimination

Wise and Co. Inc. v. Wise and Co. Inc. Employees Union, NATU, 178 SCRA 536

Run-away Shop

Complex Electronics Employees Assn., v. NLRC 310 SCRA 403

Concerted Activity

Phil. Blooming Mills Employees Org. v. Phil. Blooming Mills, Co. 51 SCRA 189

Suspension Election Day

CCLL G. E. Gochangco Workers Union et al v. NLRC, 161 SCRA 655

Company Domination

Progressive Dev. Corp. v. CIR, 80 SCRA 434

Dismissal Union Activities

Carmel Craft Corp. v. NLRC, 186 SCRA 393

Unfair Labor Practice: Employer and Labor Organization Acts Violative of Right to Collective Bargaining

Violate Duty to Bargain

Arts. 248(g), 249(c), 250-253, LC

Collegio de San Juan de Letran v. Assn. of Employees and Faculty of Letran, 340 SCRA 587

General Milling Corp. v. CA, 422 SCRA 514

Negotiation or attorneys fees

Arts. 248(h), 249(f), LC

Violate Collective Bargaining Agreement

Arts. 248(g), 249(f), 261

PAL v. NLRC, 283 SCRA 324

Employer Functions and ULP

San Miguel Corp. Employees Union v. Bersamira, 186 SCRA 496

Republic Savings Bank v. CIR, 21 SCRA 226

Royal Inter-Ocean, etc. v. CIR, 109 Phil 900

Great Pacific Life Employees nion v. Great Pacific Life Assurance Corp. 303 SCRA 113

Motive, Conduct and Proof

Employer Motive and Proof

Visayan Bicycle Manufacturing Co., Inc. v. National Labor Union, 14 SCRA 5

Totality of Conduct Rule and Effect of Failure to Act


Enforcement, Remedies and Sanctions

Parties Against Whom ULP Committed

Arts. 248, 249, 212(e)(f)(g), LC

Parties Liable for Acts

Employer

Arts. 248, last par., 212(e), 288-290, LC

Labor Organization

Arts. 249, last par., 288-290, LC

Prosecution and Prescriptive Period

Civil Aspect

Arts. 247, pars. 2-4, 290, LC

Criminal Aspect

Arts. 247, last par., 290

Compromise

CCLL G. E. Gochangco Workers Union et al v. NLRC, 161 SCRA 656

Remedies and Sanctions

Civil Remedies

Arts. 247, 2nd & 3rd par., 223, 279

Nueva Ecija I. Electric Cooperative Inc. v. NLRC, 323 SCRA 86

Penal Remedies

Arts. 247, 2nd par., 288-290, LC

JCONCERTED ACTIVITIES

KEMPLOYER LOCKOUT AS PROTECTIVE OR COUNTER MEASURE TO UNION

LLABOR INJUNCTION

MALTERNATIVES TO USE OF ECONOMIC FORCE CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION AS MODES OF LABOR DISPUTE SETTLEMENT

PART TWO

LABOR RELATIONS IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR

ARIGHT TO ORGANIZE

BACTIVITIES

COFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES WITH RIGHT TO SELF-ORGANIZATION

DOFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES WITH NO RIGHT TO SELF- ORGANIZATION

EPROTECTION OF RIGHT

FREGISTRATION TRADE UNION

GEXCLUSIVE REPRESENTATION

HEXCLUSIVE REPRESENTATIVE

ISETTLEMENT OF WORK CONDITIONS

JCONCERTED ACTIVITIES

KIMPLEMENTING AGENCY Public Sector Labor

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